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p
ALDERMAN LIBRARY
UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
CNARLOTTPSVILl F. V<W^INIA
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©ntario t)istotical Societij
PAPERS AND RECORDS
VOL. I.
TORONTO
1899
SBPRINTBD IMO
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INTRODUCTORY.
Ths Ohtabio H18TOBIGAL SooixTT herowitli presents to ita mem-
bears llie fiist voliune of what is hoped will be a long list of ralnable
recorda and paper& The Editorial Committee regaids itself as fortu-
nate in securing oopies of the Lang^om and MoDowall B^gisters^ which
have been obtained throng the good services of Mr. T. W. Oasej, of
Napanea These covered what was known as the Midland District,
but^ as the descendants of the persons mentioned therein are now
widely scattered over the whole Province^ thej will doubtless be of
great interest and of increasing value to a very large number of
persona The existence of these Begisters has been known to veiy
few — one of them, the Lan^om St: Paul's B^gister, came to li^t only
after ]>art of this publication had been sent to the printer. It is now
in the safe keeping of the oflScials of the Kingston Diocese.
It is known that at least one similar register exists in connection
with St Mark's church at Niagara, a copy of which, it is hoped, will
shortly find a place in our published records; and it is not improbable
there are others. The Editorial Oommittee will receive very gratefully
any inf ormatiim respecting such from readers of this voluma
The two Thomscm letters are particularly valuable in shedding
li^t on the apparently haphazard way in which our lake and river
international boundary line has been drawn; and for the first time
Canadians will have an oj^)ortunity not only to respect the memory
of the British Commissioner for his work, but to feel thankful that we
were^ on the occasi<m of the settlement^ represented by a man who
was thorou^y capable scientifically, and who so firmly stood by the
trea^-rig^hta. For the privilege of copying these documents we have
to thank Mr. Aubrey White, Assistant Commissioner of Crown Lands
for the Province of Ontario.
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4 INTEODUOTOBY.
The diaracter of these and of the other papers in this issue is
sufficient to show in a general way the scope of what our Soeietj has
in view by way of publication. There is no lack of material. Several
municipal records of early date have recently been unearthed^ and
from these much may be gathered respecting the development of our
present system of local government.
A large portion of this Province is now beyond the mere bread-
and-butter condition; and^ with an admirable school system, the time
has come when our old people may, with dignified leisure, recall the
days of old, while it is the duty, as well as the privilege, of the
younger generations to study by-gone events in the light of the present
day, and to lay the foundations of the future aided by the experience
of the past.
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ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Honorary President:
Hex. O. W. RO08. IjL.D.. M.P.P. Minister of Bdttcatton.
President:
Jambs H. Cotks. BJl, 8t Thomas.
Vice-Presidents:
iBt— 1>. B. RsAD. Q.C.. Toronto tnd— J. Ojijatskba BsANT-Sno, Hamilton.
Treasurer:
B. B. CHAaLTON. Hamilton.
Council:
J. H. liAMD. Hamilton. i W. H. Doau BsiUnton.
ICajkt a. FmoiBDON, Toronto. I A. F. HuNm, MJL» Barrls.
T. H. PAaxaa. Woo^totock.
Secretary:
DATID BOTLl
Editorial Committee:
THB PBasmnvT. i A. F. Himna, M.A.
Ths SaoasTABT. I C. C. Jambs, KJL
Mabt a. FmOIBBON.
Members:
BX'OFJFiaiO^
His BzcBLLBNCT TBB Babl ot Mimto, GovornoT-Ooneral of Canada.
His Honob Tbb Hon. Sib Olitbb Mowat, Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario.
Hon. Cuitqbd Sifton, Superintendent-General of Indian Aitatrs.
Hon. Qao. W. Ross, LL^D., iCinieter of Bducation for Ontario.
Db. DotJOLAs BBTMNBB, FJ1.8.C., Domtnion Archivist, Ottawa.
Rbv. G. M. Wbono, ProfesM>r of History. University of Toronto.
Rbt. Qaa D. VBbgfuson, BJL, Professor of History, Queen's University.
Kingston.
Rbt. O. Riobt, MJL, Professor of History, Trinity University, Toronto.
Rbv. Aubbbt H. NBwman, D.D., IiL.D., Professor of History, MoMaster
University, Toronto.
A. R. Bain, ILA.. I1L.D., Professor of History, Victoria University,
Toronto.
Rbv. D. Sullivan, 0.1C.I., Professor of History, University of Ottawa.
J. W. TuppBB, MJL, Ph.D., Professor of History, Western University,
IXMidon.
DAvm BOTLB. Curator of Provincial Archaeolosical Museum. Toronto.
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ONTABIO HI8T0BI0AL BOOIBTY.
HOKORABT^
BMf, Hbnbt ScADonro, D.D., Toronta
RMf. Caivon BuLLk IfJL. Niagara Fallfl Sooth.
J. G. HoooiMfl, liLkD.. iHI(rtortograpber of Ontario.
Mrs. S. a. Cubzon, Toronto (deceased).
Wm. KxNoaitttD. M.A.. UUD.. Ottawa (deoeaaed).
cojitBaBPOKDiira^
GSNVUL J. 8. Clark. Auburn. N.T.
J. Ojijatekha Brant-Sero Hamilton
Auguattis 8. Vofft Toronto
DaTid Boyle *•
Wm. J. R^berteon, lIJL..8t Oatbartaea
C C Jamea« MJL Toronto
Hon. Jamea Y<nmg Gait
James H. Coyne. BJL St Thomas
A. E. Lancr, MA. Toronto
Rev D. B. ICacdonald Bendale
Mary A. Fltsgfbbon Toronto
Gea N. Moranff "
B. IfoBvoy "
lira N. B. Manntng Tsrrone
Rev. W. Brigan» DJ[>. Toronto
E. & CasweU ••
A. F. Ruttep ••
B. J. Hathaway ••
Hon. Jas. G.. Carrie St Catharines
Alfred WUlson Toronto
Lucy M. .Bllert>y "
Edgar A. James ThorahlU
Janet Camochan Niagara
Richard D. Baxter Bnrllngton
David H. Price Aylmer
George Allison Waterdown
Wank Teigh Toronto
Charles Durand, Q.C "
G. W. Wells. Q.C Slmooe
H. H. Dewart. M.A. Toronto
Prof. Adam Short. MA. Kingston
Albert Britnell Toronto
J. C. HamUton. LL.B "
Geo. A. HoweU -
Angus McMurchy. B.A •*
J. H Fleming *"
Geo. B. Casey. MP. FIngal
J. B. Mackensle Toronto
WUMs Chlpman. C.S. "
Thomas Southworth **
W. A. McLean **
Thomas Conant Ortiawa
Mrs. J. Roee Holden Hamilton
Joseph H. Smith. LP.&
T. H. Preston ...Brantford
Dr. W. C. Herriman Hamilton
Dr. Thomas W. Reyncdds **
Thomas Broogh. BJL Owen Sound
Mrs. Anna M Coyne St Thomas
Mrs. C. Fessenden Hamilton
8. y. Hutchlns ....Toronto
W. B. Waterbory St Thomas
Hon. G. W. Allan ...Toronto
Prot Wm. Houston. MJL **
B. B. Walker *
Dr. P. H. Bryoe ••
WuL WUllamson -
Wm. Scott, BJL ••
J. B. Orr Frultland
Geo. B. Laldlaw Victoria Road
James Bain, jun Toronto
Rev. J. F. McLaughlin. MJL.... ^
Dr. L. B. Homing *"
David GiUles. M.P. Braeeida
J. J. MUri^ Toronto
Dr. Geo. Kennedy **
Robert Bell. MJL. LL.D. Ottawa
Moses O. Hart Cowansvllle. Que.
H 8. Blackburn London
James Fletcher. LL.D Ottawa
B. C. & Huycke. LL.B. Cobourg
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CHAP. 108, VIOT. 62 (2).
An Act to incorporate The Ontario Historical Society.
[Assented to 1st AprU, 1899.
WHEREAS "Th© Ontario Historical Society*' has by its petition
represented that a sociefy under the name of ^^ The Pioneer and
Historical Association of the Prorinoe of Ontario/' Canada, was organ-
ized at Toronto on the 4th day of September, 1888, and the same was
maintained under the said name until the 23rd day of May, 1898, when
it was reorganized under the name of ^^ The Ontario Historical Society ''
with a wider basis of membership; that the said society has been
maintained since the last mentioned date, and that the objects of the
said society are: —
(1) To unite the various pioneer and historical societies of the
Province in one central head or organization, thereby the better to
promote intercourse and co-operation on the part of all such societies,
to form new societies, and to promote and extend the influence and
benefits thereof.
(2) Also to engage in the collection, preservation, exhibition, and
publication of materials for the study of history, especially ^e history
of Ontario and Canada; to this end studying the ardisBology of the
Province, acquiring documents and manuscripts^ obtaining narrativeB
and records of pioneers, conducting a library of historical reference,
maintaining a gallery of historical portraiture and an ethnological and
historical museum, publishing and otherwise diffusing information
relative to the history of the Province and of the Dominion, and in
general encouraging and developing within this Province the study of
history; and whereas the said petitioner has prayed that for the better
attainment of the said objects, the said society may be incorporated by
Act of the Legislature of Ontario; and whereas it is expedient to grant
ihe prayer of the said petition;
Therefore Her Majes^, by and with the advice and consent of the
L^sktive Assembly of the Province of Ontario, enacts as follows:
1« The Honorable Geo. W. Boss, LL.D., Minister of Education,
Honorary President; James H. Ooyne, B.A., President; D. B. Bead,
Q.C., and John Ojijatddut Brant-Sero, Vic^-PresidentB ; David Boyle,
Secretary; B. E. Charlton, Treasorer; the following members: The
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8 ONTASIO HISTOBIOAL 800UBTT.
Reveread Henry Scadding, D.D. ;The Benrerend Geo- A. Bull, M. A. 7O. C.
James, M.A. ; Alfred Wilson, Mary A. Fitzgibbon, Janet Camodiaiiy
The Reverend P. L. Spencer, M.A.; The Honorable James Young,
Douglas Brynmer, LL.D., F.R.S.C.; John Henderson, M.A.; W. J.
RobOTtson, M, A. ; Jas. G. Currie, Q.C. ; Very Rev. W. R. Harris, D.D. ;
Ernest Cruicishank, Geo. H. Mills, Geo. R. Pattullo, H. H. Dewart,
M.A. ; Wm. H. Doel, J.P. ; His Honor Judge C. O. Ermatinger, R. E.
Eingsford, M.A. ; Frances B. Brant-Sero, Clementina Fessenden, The
Reverend W. S. Blackstock, D.D. ; Alfred Ball, Adam Shortt, M. A. ; The
Reverend Geo. D. Ferguson, B. A. ; D. H. Price, Wm. Rennie, John H.
Thompson, Sara Calder, Jas. C. Hamilton, M.A., LL.B. ; R. G. Baxter,
Gea Allison, Chas. Durand, Nellie E. Manning, Lucy M. EUerby, J. R
Mackenzie, Frank Yeigh, Jas. W. Tupper, B. A. ; M. Maclean Helliwell,
The Reverend A. R. Bain, M.A,, LL.D. ; A. S. Vogt, Edward S. Caswell,
The Reverend Geo. M. Wrong, M.A. ; A. F. Rutter, E. J. Hathaway,
Angus MacMurohy, M.A.; A. E. Lang, M.A.; John D. Servos, The
Reverend Oswald Rigby, M.A. ; Qeo. N. Morang, Bernard McEvoy,
Geo. A. Howell, Andrew Pattullo, M.P.P. ; WiUis Chipman, Thomaa
Southworth, W. A. McLean, Geo. W. Wells, Anna Matilda Coyne, Cecil
F. Lavell, B.A. ; R. W. Sawtell, Edgar L. James, Francis R. Ball, The
Reverend A. H. Newman, D.D., LL.D. ; R. W. Sawtell, Wm. Munro^
The Reverend W. A. McKay, B.A., D.D.; together with such other
persons as now are or may hereafter become members of the society
to be hereby incorporated under the provisions of this Act and the
by-laws made under the authority thereof, and their sucoessors, shall
be and are hereby constituted a body politic and corporate, by the name
of " The Ontario Historical Socity,'' herrinaf ter called " The Society,''
and may by any legal title, acquire, hold, and enjoy, for the use of the
society, any property whatever, real or personal, and may alienate, sell,
and dispose of die same or any part thereof, from time to time, and as
occasion may require, and other property real or personal, may acquire
instead thereof; provided always diat the annual value of the real
estate held at any one time for the actual use of the society shall not
exceed four thousand dollars.
2. The society shall not hold any property except as aforesaid, and
such as shall be derived from the following sources, diat is to say, the
life, annual, and other subscriptions of members, donations, bequests, or
legacies made to the society, and such other moneys or property as
may be required by and from the ordinary transactions of the society,
or may now belong to the existing society, and the moneys arising
from fines and forfeitures lawfully imposed by their by-laws; provided
always diat the society shall sell and convey any real estate acquired
by them under the provisions of this section, within ten years after
they shall have acquired the same, unless the same be required for the
actual use of the society under the provisions of die next preceding
section.
3. The affairs and business of the society shall be managed by such
officers and committees, and under such restrictions, touching the
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ACT OF nf OOKPO&ATIOir. 9
powers and dutiee of sueh officers and ccnnmitteesy as by bj-Iaw in that
behalf the society may from time to time ordain ; and the sodefy may
assign to any of sach officers such remuneration as they deem requisite.
4. The Society may make sodi by-laws, not contrary to law, as
they shall deem expedient for the administration and goTemment of
the society, and may repeal, amend, or reenaot the same from time to
time, observing always, however, such formalities as by such by-laws,
or by the bj-laws now in force, may be inrescribed to that end, and
generally shall have all the corporate powers neoessaiy for the purposes
of this Act.
5. The present by-laws of the existing society, not being contrary
to law, shall be the by-laws of the socie^ herehy constituted, until
they shall be repealed or altered as aforesaid.
^ Until others shall be elected according to the by-laws of the
society, the present officers of the existing society shall be those of the
society.
7. All subscriptions and penalties due to the society under any
by-law may be recovered by suit in the name of the society; but any
member may vrithdraw therefrom at any time, on payment of aU
amounts due by him to the society, inclusive of his subscription for the
year then current, and shall upon such withdrawal and payment of
amounts due, cease to be a member of the society.
8. The society shall make annual reports to the Lientenant-
GoTemor and the L^slature of Ontario, ccmtaining a general state-
ment of the affairs of ^e society, which said reports shall be presented
within the first twenty days of every session of the Legislature.
9. Any historical or pioneer society now affiliated with the said
society may become incorporated, with all the powers and privileges of
said sodefy, by passing a resolution to that effect, stating die proposed
corporate name, and forwarding a copy of such resolution under the
hands of its president and secretary to the Educaticm Department and
to the secretary of said society.
10. Any historical or pioneer society hereafter becoming affiliated
with the said society under the constitution and by-laws of the latter
in that bdialf , shall thereby become incorporated by the name under
which it shall have become affiliated, and with all the poveers and privi-
leges conferred by this Act upon ihe Ontario Historical Society.
11. Each society so affiliated shall send copies of all its publications
to the Ontario Historical Society, from time to time as issued, and shall
also make an annual report to the said society, containing full infor-
mation as to the officers, number of members, and work done during
the year; and section 8 of this Act shall not apply to any such society,
unless so directed from time to time by the L^gidature or the
Education Department.
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10 OITTABIO HISTOBIAI. 800IBTT.
12. In the OTent of any such affiliated sodety oeaBing to eodst^ its
libiaiyy mufleumy and other property, if any, shall immediately become
yeeted in the Ontario Historical Society, which may by its officers in
that behalf take possession of the same, and retain the same nntil a
society wit^ objects, similar to those of sndi former society shall have
been formed, in tlie same municipality, when the same shall be handed
over to such new society npon such, conditions and provisions for the
security of the same as may be agreed upon.
13« In the event of The Ontario Historical Society ceasing to exist,
its library, museum, and other property, if any, shall f ortLwitii become
vested in Her Majesty, for the uses of the Province of Ontario, and the
Minister of Education may make such rules and regulations as to the
custody and care of the same as may be deemed expedieut
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CONTENTS.
Be^. Jolm Lan^^iom— Personal Note -• 18
ICarriage Beoord of Ber. John iMUf^biofm, Na L 14
Bot. O. (yxm Stiuiri's Begister at 8t John's COuiroh, Bsth .... 18
Karriage Begister of St John's Chnroh, Ernest Town, No. S • - - - 19
Langbom's Book No. 8. 24
In the Parish Begister of St Oeorge^ Kingston 29
A Begister of Baptisms for the Townshq^ of Fredericksbiirifl^ .... ^
Ber. John Lanfi^m's Beoords, 1787-1818— Bnriak 52
Be7. John Lan^^m Begister of St Paul's OhnrGh, Frederidaborgh - 64
Ber. Bobert ICcDowallr-Personal Note 70
ICoDowall Marriage Begister 72
A Begister of Baptisms hj the Ber. Bobert MoDonrall 25
Marriage Begister of Stephen Ocmger, JJ?., HalloweU 100
Some Desoendants <rf Joseph Brant 118
BemarlEs on the Maps from St Begis to Sanlt Sta Marie 117
Sketch of Peter Teeple, Loyalist and Pioneer, 1762-1847 122
The Oamecon Bolls, 1812 182
The Talbot Settlement and BofEalo in 1816 182
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ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
REV. JOHN LANQHORN.
Bev. John Langhom was the first r^nlarly sent Church of
England Missionary to Upper Canada. He was a native of Wales,
educated at St Bees CoU^e, Cumberland, England, and was Curate of
Hartwell, Eng. He was selected as Missi(mai7 to Ui^r Canada by
the Soeiety for the Propagation of the Gbspel, in England. He reached
Kingston in 1786, and at once proceeded to his mission-field on the
Bay of Quinte, making his headquarters at Emesttown, now Bath.
He was never married. He remained in this country until 1813, when
he left Canada, intending to return to his native land. It is said the
vessel on which he was returning was lost, and no tidings were ever
heard of the passengers. His real mission-field was Emesttown and
FredericikBbuigh, but he is said to have made frequent trips in all
other directions, especially in Prince Edward and those parts of
Hastings county then settled. He divided Lennoz into parishes. He
was the first minister weet of Kingston authorized to solemnize
marriages, but insisted that all must oome to one of his churches for
that purpose and before 12 o'dooU in the day. His churches were St
Jcdin's at Bath, built in 1793 and still in use, though several times
renovated and repaired; and St Paul's in Frederic^burgh, built as
early as 1791. The latter was a log building and was burned on
Christmas morning, 1816. A third one now occupies its place. His
record of marriages and baptisms is preserved in Kingston, from which
the fc^owing extracts have been taken, January, 1899.
Thomas W. Casst.
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14 ONTABIO HI8TOBIOAX BOdBTT.
MAKMAGE RECORD OF REV. JOHN LANGHORN.
'^ Banns of marriage between John Davy of the second Townidiip
of Oatarakwee and Sophy Hoffnd of the fourth Township of
Catarakwee were published on October 28th, 1787, and November 4th
and 11th, by me, John Langhom, Missionary.
"John Davy, widower, of the second township of Catarakwee,
called Emesttown, and Sophy Hoffnel, spinster, of the fourth township
of Catarakwee, were married in this church by Banns this twenly-
second Day of November in the year of our Lord one thousand seven
hundred and eighty-seven by me, John Langhobn, Missionary.
" This marriage was solrannized by us
" This marriage was " Johit Davt
solemnized in Presence bu
Qf UJ9 " Sophy X Hopfnbi.
MAMK
" John Caij)wibll
'' Hannah X Davy
MAMK
"Henby Hobneb ^^
Non. — The reslater of the foUowinff was all made out In slmUar fomou with
banna and oertifled notice, sUrned as above, for yean. Only the names, dates, eta,
are copied now.
No.
2. Andrew Buis, of the second township, badielor; and Betsy Hort-
man, of the same toumship, spinster 32nd Dea, 1787
"Memorandum of the proper names of the Townships or Towns of the District
of Hecklenburc In the Province of Quebec, made on October 18th, 1788.
"Kingston, the first; Ernest Town the second, SYedericksburKh the third,
Adolphus Town the fourth, Marysburgh the fifth, Sophlesburgh the sixth, Amelias-
burgh the seventh, Sydney the eighth, Thurlow the ninth, Richmond the tenth,
Camden the eleventh. There Is another north east of Catarakwee or Kingston called
Pittsburgh, but I do not know Its number. Cadarakln, Cataraqul, or Catarakwee,
formerly Fort IVontenac, but now Kingston, Is at or near the south east comer of
the First Township, ot Kingstown."
No.
3. James Bradshaw of the third township; and Peggy Bowen of the
same ISth of Jannaiy, 1788
4. Christopher Fralick, second tp.; and Catsharine Smith, third tp. . .
22nd Jany, 1788
Witnesses : Jacob Smidi, Peter Bowen, Margaret SmitL
8. Micdiael Bardey, third tp.; Maiy Peters^ same. . . . 12th Feb., 1788
6. Christian Abrams, second; Evah Amie, same .... 12th Feb., 1788
Henry FinHe, Paul Comer, Elizabeth Snider.
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HASBIAOS XJDCOSD OF BBV. JOHIT I^^KOHOBir. 16
Na
7. Timotiij Porter, eight ip.; Nanq7 Simmon, same. . lltb Mar., 1788
Hemy Finkle, Tobias Walden Meyers, Luoretia Blaker
8. John Caldwell, second tp.; Juliana Miller, same. . , lltfa. Mar., 1788
Ardiibald IVurfield, Zediariali Snider, Hannah Davy.
9. HeiDry FisiklBseeandip.; Luoonetia Henderson, same.26th May, 1788
John Howard, John Donovan, Anne Jadcscm.
10. William Ashley, first tp.; Margaret Back, same 6th July, 1788
Sheldon Hawley, Hannah Johnson, Hannah Davy.
11. Lambert Van Alpine, third tp.; Anne Bell, same. . 22nd July, 1788
V. Monizal, Lauranoe Sill% Elisabeth Finkla
12. J<^ Diamond, third tp.; Kathreen Gkumire, second tp
23rd July, 1788
Jacob Bose, Peter Bowen, Janosha Oamire.
13. Jacob Sdiimitt, third tp.; Elizabeth Free, same 3rd Aug., 1788
Peter Bowen, Margaret Schmitt, Nicholas Schmitt
14. John Howard, second tp.; Anne Jaekson, same 2nd Oct, 1788
Jna O. Donovan, Mary Howard, Thomas Jackson.
15. John Blacker, eighth tp.; Catharine Walden, same. .7th Oct, 1788
Caleb Gilbert, Augustus Wright, Bebec&ah Qennan.
16. Richard Cotter, second; Experience Bose, same 23rd Oct, 1788
John Burley, Elizabeth Lawson, Richard Morden.
17. Abraham Snider, second; Rachel Amey, same 18 Nov., 1788
John Stover, Peter Snider, Elizabeth Snider.
18. William Cottier, second; Mary Williams, same. ... 11th Dec, 1788
Sheldon Hawley, Norris Brisco, Hannah Johnson.
19. Daniel Morden, across Catardkwee Bay; Elizabeth Lawson, same. .
24th December, 1788
John Devy, Sophy Devy, Eleanor Dusenbury.
20. David Harris, third; Catharine Palmer, same 30th Dec, 1788
Elizabeth Huffman, James Wells, George Detlor.
21. Oottlep Maigal, third; Elizabeth Lett, same 2nd Jan'y, 1789
John Lett, James Eemp, Elizabeth Finkle.
22. Charles Bamhart, third; Catharine Fosyuar, same. . 16 Feb'y 1789
James Foi^yuar, Henry Bartley, Jinny Huff.
23. Sheldon Hawley, second; Hannah Johnson, same. .16 Feb'y, 1789
David Johnson, David Lodcwood, Amarilla Hawley.
24. William BomboD^, third; Margaret Sdmiitt, same. . 16 Feb., 1789
Nicholas Schmitt, Oeorge Detlor, Anna Bowen, Eliz'th Detlor.
26. James Gerolamary, second; Elizabeth Dulmadge, same
19th Feb>, 1789
Jehiel Hawley, Nabby Lockwood, Margaret Dulmadga
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16 OITTABIO HIBTOBIOAL BOOIXTT.
Na
26. George Shriver, thdrd; Oadiarine Pidde^ same. • .SrdMardiy 1789
Henry Miz, Nicholas Sdimitt, Anna Bowen.
29. Augustus Wri^t, second; Mai^aiet Dulmadge^ same
28rd April, 1789
J(^ 0. Donovan, Daniel Johnson, Isabel Johnson.
80. Paul Comer, second; Phebe Buis, same 28th April, 1789
Philip Hbrtman, Jacob Comar, Elizabeth Oharters.
81. Gleorge Walden Meyers, eighth; AJeday Van Alstine^ fourth
5 May, 1789
Anne Williams, Tobias Walden Meyers, Alex. Van Alstine.
32. Jacob Hover, fourth; Milleson Fergusscm, third. . .19th May, 1789
Henry Hover, Juol Fergusson, Cathe Vandusen.
88. Frederick Swardfager, third, widower; Maigaret Harmens, same,
widow 9th Junei, 1789
Adam Clady, Adam Bower, Catharine Clock.
84. James Mordoff, third; Lois Charters, same 18th June, 1789
John Howell, George Mordoff, Eliz'th Charters, Mary De Forest
36. John Cummins, fifth; Eliziana Allen, fourth 21 June^ 1789
James Grant, William Boss, Rachael Hare.
36. James O'Connor, first, widower; Elizabeth Howard, third
8 July, 1789
Archibald Grants Timothy Thompson, Mary Howard, Achd.
MacdonelL
37. Daniel Johnson, second; Zebiah Shorey, same 2nd Nov., 1789
Joakina Clocker, Isabel Jcdmson, David Shorey.
88. John Mits, third; Yanoaha Gamire, second ... .8 November, 1789
Thomas Richardson, Peter Bowen, Anne Bowen, Susli Pidde.
39. Bobert Williams, second; Elizabeth Charters^ same. .31 Dec, 1789
Anne Williams, Elijah Williams, Nathan Williams.
40. James Williams, second; Amy Peny, 1st 31st Dec, 1789
Bobert Perry, Nathan Briscoe, Buth Williams.
41. Owen Bidiards, third; Dianah Spencer, same 31 Dea, 1789
EL Spencer, Jchn Peters^ William Mackay.
42. Henry McGuien, second; Christiana Simmon, same.Feb'y 4, 1790
MattV Pruyn, Moses Simmon, Mary De Forest^ E'th Finkia
48. Andrew Busk, third; Elizabeth Cook, same IstMardi, 1790
Adam Bowen, Gilbert Harris, Jacob Carpenter.
44. Daniel Young, sixth; Dorcas -Conger, same 2nd Mardi, 1790
Maiy Conger, Peter D. Conger, Henry Young, Mary Young.
45. Abraham Lorraway, third; Catreen Dies, same 6 July, 1790
John Die% J(^ Keller, Isaac Lorraway, jr.
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HAB.HTAOB BBOOSD OF BJIT. JOHH UklTOHOBN. 17
Na
46. Carneliiis BrasB, second; TTftunah Bevjy same. • . .81 AngiiBt, 1790
Thomas Bevy, Rusaell Hawley, John Ooldwally Henry Davia
47. Jaoolma De Moresty third; Anna Bowen, same 1 Sept^ 1790
Betsy Detlor, Gilliam Demoreot, Peter Brown, Danl Bowen.
48. John LongwiU, second; Margaret Lake, same 16 Sept, 1790
Matthew Clark, Samuel McCoy, Jas. Langoil, Abrhm. Lake.
49. Johannes Stover, second; Jemima Hioks, same ... .28 Sept, 1790
Debrah Hi<d», Maiy Walker, Harman Sea
60. Peter Bottan, fourth; Jemina Sloat, same 6 December, 1790
Ccmrad Van Dnsen, Mary Moore, Alex. Van Alstine, John Van
Skiver.
61. Bmine Hough, second; Mary Walker, same. • .16 December, 1790
Huldah Hongh, Aba^ Hough, Job Elsworth, David Walker.
52. Bobert Perry, second; Anne Bogersi^ same ... .28 December, 1790
Nathan Briseo, Nathan Williams, Oathame Bogers, Amarilla
Hawley.
63. Jacob Comar, second; Debrah Hicks, same ... .28 December, 1790
Moses Simmon, John Stover, Hnldah HnfF, Jemina Stover.
64. Bichard Morden, sixth; Anne Williams, second ... .28 Dea, 1790
Nathan Williams, J(^ Morden, Lncretia Morden, Bnth Williams.
66. Elias Huffinan, third; Nanqy Beed, tenth 81 Jan'y, 1791
Betsy Detlor, James Carscalleii, Qeorge Carsoallen.
66. Timothy Thompson, third; Elizabeth Eraser, same. . .6 Eeb., 1791
William MoEay, J<^ Fergnsson, John Howard, sr., Jane
Howard.
67. Gilbert Harris, third; Maiy MacDoogall, second ... 81 May, 1791
James Wells, Jason Harris, Barbaiy MacDongall, Jerosha Harris.
68. Conrad Van Dnsen, fourth, widower; Milleeon Hoover, third,
widow 81 Jnly, 1791
Heniy Hover, Jonas Smith, Jane Hover.
69. E^erick Eellar, third; Elizabeth Peters, same. . 10 Angast> 1791
£9abdla J<^mston, Anne Shebley, Maiy Bartley.
60. Henry Yonng, sixth; Nancy Dyre, same 80 August, 1791
Elijah Miller, John Bidia^, jr., Archd. Oampbell, Jennet
CampbelL
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18 OHTABIO HI8T0BI0AL 800IBTT.
REV. G. O'KILL STUART'S REGISTER AT ST. JOHN'S
Nom — The foregolnff complete* tlie first book of regtoter of Ber. John Lane-
horn. It is written very plainly, the notice of Banns, full certificate of marriage
signed "John Langhom, Miarionary/' and signatures of witnesses in their own
handwriting, are given with each marriage, making two to each page, written on one
side of paper only. On the oi^xMiite sides of the last three pages are the following
entries of Rer. a. (yKill Stuart in 181€. The i^aoe of marriage is not given, hfot
probaUy at St John's Church, Bath, as it is in the Marriage Register of that book.
'^ Married on Thursday, 9th day of May, 1816, Jonas Snyder and
Helen Snyder, both of Ernest Town, after the publication of Banns
by me, (Jeorge O'Kill Stewart
^' Married Thursday, tiie 23rd day of May, 1816, James Parrot &
Snyder, by license, by me, Oeorge <yKill Stewart
" Married Saturday, the 20th day of January, in the year of our
Lord, 1816, Ira Billings and S<^hia Davy, both of Ernest Town, by
license, by me, G^rge O'Kill Stuart, Bishop's Official Minister of St
George's Church in Eingston.
" Married on Saturday, the 20th day of January, 1816, Lester H.
Forward and Joanna Fairfield by license by George O'Kill Stuart
^^ Married on Sunday, January 23rd, 1816, John Brock and Ruth
Hawley, of Ernest Town, by license, by me, George O'Kill Stuart
" Do., da, Monday, Jan'y 29, 1816, Rev. Wm. McCarty, Minister of
the Lutheran Ohurch, & Clarissa Fralick, of Emesttown, by license.
"Ditto, Sunday, 11th of February, 1816, William Bradshaw &
Debrah Hems, by license.
" Joseph Amey and Catharine Parker, of Ernest Town, by license,
17th of November, 1814.
" Dec 23, 1814, John Abraham and Rachel Snider, ' both of this
township,' by license, by me, R. Pollard, curate, and miss'y."
All that are thus entered.
Nora.— A fly-leaf, eent with VoL VH, 'Tapen and Records^ (190C). oorreeted
the preoedinff entry, the correctlonB having been ineorporated in tbia reprint of 1980,
and it added the foUowlns note: —
The Rev. Richard Pollard was the Church of England clergyman at Sandwich,
and it would thue appear that when the trouhlea occurred on the Detroit Rhrer, Mr.
Pollard waa eent for a time to carry on the work at St John's Church, Bath, after
the departure of Rev. John Langhom In 181S. Rev. Canon Janrls, of Napanee.
reports the dIsooTery of another Langhom register for 1787 In addition to that
printed In VoL L
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ST. JOHN*S CHURCH, BATH
ST. John's church, bath (front view).
1793-1925 (Burned in the latter year).
The two doors in the front were replaced about 1877 by a central one. as shown
in this more recent picture.
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ICAKBIAOX BSOISTKB OF BT. JOHH^S OHUBOH, BRHXBT TOWIf. 19
atARRIAGE KEGISTER OF ST. JOHN^S CHURCH, ERNEST
TOWN, No. 2.
Na
1. Jdm Van l%iyer, Addphustown; Isabel Brook, do. .21 Nov., 1791
Peter Cole, Garret Van Horn, Samli Crwik.
2. Samuel McCay, Emed.; Amarilla Hawley, do 27 Dec, 1791
Rnssell Hawley, Ann Way, Nabby Lockwood.
3. Eliaha Miller, Sophias.; Jennet Campbdl, Adolphu8.29 Jan., 1792
Mary Lazier, Mary D'Long, Jonathan; Miller, ArchibaldiCanipbelL
4. J<dm Sager, Richmond; Elizabeth Van De Bnr^ 2 Feb., 1792
Charlotte Kinunerly, Jenny Van Ahrtine^ Isabel Johnson.
5. David Brown, Adolphus; Catharine Van Dusen, do. .2 Feb., 1792
Joseph Allison, Philip Shorts, Ejttreen Shorts.
6. George Smith, Sidney; Gerdrant Friend, AmeKas. . .12 Feb., 1792
Elizabeth Smith, Barbaiy Smith, Johannes Lett, Heniy Flint.
7. EUjah WiUiams, Ernest; Roby Jenokes^ Sophias. .18 Feby., 1792
Mary Jenckes^ Rachael Jenckes, Samnel Merrell, James Wells.
8. Mathew Clark, Ernest Tovm; Anna McKay, do 28 Feb., 1792
Nancy Lodcwood, Benjamin Fairfield, Samnel MoCay.
9. Daniel Hicks, Marysbvrgh; Susanah Dawson, do . .28 Feby., 1792
David Lockwood, Isabel Johnson, Danid Jc^mson.
10. Jehiel Hawley, Fredericks.; Amanda Cass, Ernest. .13 Mar., 1792
David Lockwood, James Wells, Nabby Lockwood, Davis Hawley.
11. David Lockwood, Emesttovm; Hannah Eraser, do ... 1 July, 1792
Nabby Lockwood, Daniel Eraser, Joshua Booth.
12. Philip Hartman, Co. of Addingion; Huldah Hough, do
16 August, 1792
Norris Brisco, Loderweight Hartman, Abegil Hough, Margareta
Hartman.
13. David Hofman, Ernest.; Elizabeth Moore, same. . . .28 Aug., 1792
Norris Briscoe, Isabel Johnston, Rebeeah Sager, Isaac Ecdestone.
14. William Curtis, Ernest.; Isabell Johnson, same. . . .8 Nov., 1792
Nabby Lockwood, Isabel Bell, Joseph Grant, Dan Pomeroy.
15. William Cook, Camhden; Eeziah Babcock, same. . . .17 Dec, 1792
Adams Bowan, James Wells, G^rge Andrews^ Rachael Jencks.
16. James Morden,/9op%«a«.;M^tig!aretFlBrUamen)t^
James Colter, Isaac Parliament, Phebe Crokhite, Margaret Mordoff .
17. John Holcomb, Frederickshturgh; Magdalena Showman, same ....
20 Feb., 1793
Baltus Showman, Alex. W. Ross^ Mary Dafoe.
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20 ONTARIO HI8TORI0AL BOOISTT.
Na
18. Henry Storms^ Ernest Town; HannalL Sager^ same. .26 Feb., 1798
Jacob StormSy Bebekah Sager, William Parry^ John Wella.
19. James McNutt^ Fredericks.; Sarali Dingman, same. .12Mar.9 1798
John Woodoocky John Schermerhom, Sarah McNatt> Catharine
Oomelins.
20. John Wells, Emestovm; Content Castle, Fredericks., 27 Mar., 1793
John Patrick, G^rge Lucas, Jason Hems, Jerosha Hems, Sns^
Lucas.
21. William Bancer, Kingeton; Eli£abeth McFarlane, widow, same. • .
6 June^ 1798
Wm. Cook, David Eellj, Benjamin Babcook.
' 22. Petrus Sharp, Fredericksbu/rgh; Maigret Sharp, same, 4 July, 1793
John O. Vod[>ur^, Jacobus Sharp, Maria Pruyn, Nabby Lodcwood.
23. David Wees, Ernest Tovm; Eaty Bogers, same 16 July, 1798
Gerrany Wees, Ester Elsworth, Bobert Peny, Jun., John Wees.
24. Dan Pomeroy, Ernest Town; Patience Perry, seme ... 1 Oct, 1793
Bobert Peny, Jun., David Shory, Esther Aylesworth, Nabby
Lockwood, N. Law.
25. Bobert Perry, Jun., Ernest.; Esdier Aylsworth, same, 24 Octw, 1793
Elizabeth Aylsworth, Patience Pomeroy, Norris Briscoe^ Dan
Pomeroy*
26. Bobert Havens, Emesttown; Abagail Houg^ same. .^4 Oct, 1798
Margaret Hartman, Beckah Sager, Isaac Hou^ Isabel BelL
27. James Simpson, Ermst Town, widower; Mai^aret Bussell, Freder-
ichburgh, widow 14 November, 1798
James Colter, J^unes Falconer, Isabel Bell, Margaret BelL
28. Jacob Snider, Ernest.; Catharine Cole, Adolpkus. . .16 Dec, 1793
Jacob Storms, Barnard Cole, Bebecoa Sager.
29. Daniel McDaniel, Ernest Town, widower; Susanah Mardes, same.
17 Dea, 1798
30. Henry Bird, Maaysbwgh; Elizabeth Holding, same. .7 Feb., 1794
Jolm Allen, Nathan Heald, Alex. Van Alstine^ Maria Pruyn,
Ursula AJlen.
31. JobBXkeB Sill, Frsderichiburgh; Isabel Bell, same . . .28 Feb., 1794
George Sill, Andrew Embury, Johanes Bench, Duncan BdL
32. Colin McEenzie, Awherstlsle; Maiy Howard, same, 16 April, 1794
Jane Howard, Mary McMullen, Thomas Jadcson, Thos. Howard.
38. Petrus Bowen, Fredericks.; Maria Diamond, same . . .9 April, 1794
Jacobus Sharp, William Bowen, John Diamond, Sush. Lucas.
34. John McDougall, Ernest; Catharine McCarthy, widow, 1 May, 1794
Abraham Cronkhite, Ann Cronkhite, David Lent, Jane CampbelL
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IfAKUTAffB B90I8TXB OF 0T. JOHN'S OHUBCH, XBNB8T TOWV. 21
85. John Wees, EtTied Town; Jane CampbeU, same 7 Oot, 1794
John M. Fralig, Ebenezer WilliamSy KaiK^ RuaaeU, Kabbjr
Lockwood.
36. Jamee Colter^ Fredericksburgh; Magdelena Hoffman, 4 Nov., 1794
Nathan Btrisco, Petros Hoffman, Catharine Simmon.
37. Fnnda Pruyn, Frederick.; Catharine Simmon 30 Nov., 1794
Maria Pmyn, Petrus Hoffman, Daniel Simmon.
38. William Wager, Fredericks.; Elizabeth MoCabe, same, 8 Jan., 1796
Elizabeth Dingman, Gred. Dingman, Jacob Dingman, Bebeck
McCabe.
39. Norris Briaco, Ernest.; Elizabeth Aylsworth, same, 19 Janj., 1795
Nathan Brisco, John Patrick, Bobert Perry, Jun.
40. Fnmcis Hogel, Ernest Town; Maigaret Hartman, same 3 Mar., 1796
Nabbj Lockwood, Maigarite Hoffman, Loderweigth Hartman.
41. Jonathan Fairfield, Ernest Town; Kider 22 April, 1796
No names of witnesses given.
42. William Eadns, Amherst Idamd; Nancj McOuines, same
19 May, 1795
Shelden Haiwley, Comeliuil Brisa, Nabby Lockwood^ Isabel Cortes.
43. Samuel Williams, Emed Town; Lncy Wait, Sophias., 2 Jnly, 1795
Nathan Brisco, Niel Aylsworth, Maiy Lennox, Wm. Cottier.
43. Joseph Peters, Ernest Town; Doroas Watchman 6 Jnly, 1795
Samnel Peters^ Mathias Bose, Elizabeth Parry, Qerany Wees.
44. Joim QeoTgd Sdamtt, Fred.; Snsanah Lncas> same. .21 Jnly, 1795
George Lucas, Mal<diert File, Ly dia Gk>rdineir, John M. Fralei^
45. Samuel Peters, Ernest Town; Elizabeth Perry, same, 16 Aug., 1795
Ely Peters, Isaac Snyder, Gemay Weee^ Lydia Cfordiner.
46. Pierre Le Bougue of Enest.; Betsy Mardes^ same. . .1 Feby., 1796
John M. Fralick, Lydia Gbrdinier, Geraney Weese.
47. James Felchett^ Fredericks.; Elizabeth Young, same. 9 Aug., 1796
William Russel, Barnard Forshee, Jas. Forshee, John Forshee.
48. Nathan Durkee, Sidney; Phebe Harris, same 3 Jany., 1797
Bachael Sherwood, Elizabedi Bell, Caleb Palmer.
49. Jcim Bogers, Ernest.; QerBnj Wees, same 17 Jany., 1797
Ruth Williams, Elizabeth BeU, Jocdiua Williams, Peter Wees.
60. Andiiew Spencer, Sophias. ; Jerusha Hems, Fredericks., 9 Jan., 1797
Jaunolsha Van Alstine, Hannah Sager, Nathl. Parks, Jason Hems.
61. Wm. Biowen, Richmond; Mary Davis, same 14 Feby., 1797
Gilliam Demorest, Hellei>ren Valleau, Cornelius Valleau.
62. Thcmias Howard, Amherst Isle; Charlotte Richardson, Mwrysburgh
14 Feby., 1797
Thos. Eyre, Daniel Richards, David Brass, Colin McKenzia
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22 OKTABIO HI8TOBI0AL BOOISTT.
Na
63. Mattldaa Rose, Ernest ;CsitiiBime Valey, Marysburgh, 13 Mar., 1797
Joshua Bootli, Guysbast Sharp, Jeptha Hawley, Thomas Douglas.
54. Benjamin Fairfield, Ernest.; Nabby Hawley, same, 11 April, 1797
Jeptha Hawley, Davis Hawley, Sheldon Hawley, Gonathan
Fairfield.
55. Silaa Nichols, Ernest Town; Elizabeth Heather, same, 3 May, 1797
Ruth Brisco, Susanah Martin, Amos Martin, Thoe. Fraser, A. Snider.
66. William Willcox, Augusta; Sabra Fairfield, Emest.,28 Aug., 1797
F. S. Fairfield, Ichabod Hawley, Mary Word, Chas. Haven.
57. Rufus Shorey, Ernest Town; Esther Hawley, same. .5 Sept, 1797
Benjamin Fairfield, David Shorey, Nabby Fairfield, Barbara
Houghnagle.
68. Boin Aylsworth, Ernest Town; Hannah Perry, same, 21 Nov., 1797
Daniel Perry, Robert Perry, Jun., Barbara Houghnagle.
69. Jean Procet, Ernest Town; Oatharine Weant, same, 21 Nov.,1797
Nathan Brisco, Eliaa Williams, William Cother, Mary Weant
60. Elias Williams, Ernest Town; Loyreah Roys, same, 2 Jany., 1798
William Cother, Nathan Brisco, David Williams.
61. Gideon ShurtlifF, Ernest Town; Mary Ward, same. .1 Feby., 1798
William Ward, David Lockwood, Rufus Shorey.
62. Solomon Harris, Fredericks.; 'M.euj German, same, 1 Feby., 1798
John Henry Buschji Martin/Hawley, Solomon Tyler, David Harris^
63. Darins Hems, Frederichsburgh; Mary Gk)uld, same, 13 Feby., 1798
Jason Herns, Seth Burr Gould, Hannah Sager, Isaiah Hems.
64. Isaac Secor, Maays. ; Ra(jiael Fergusson, Fredericks., 13 Feby., 1798
Royel Fergusson, Samuel Brock, David Fergusson, Richd. Hare.
65. Johannes Bowen, Frederickshurgh; Polly Post, same, 27 Feby., 1798
Abraham Bowen, Solomon Tyler, Hannah Sager, Hannah Tyler.
66. Johannee Finkle, Frederichburgh; Miaria Sharp, Bame, 9 Oct, 1798
Jacob Finkle, Jacobus Sharp, Aaron Sharp, Thomas Murdoff.
67. Richard Robins, Ernest,; May Raymond 16 Oct, 1798
William Robins, David Williams, Nathan Brisco, Wm. McEenzie.
68. John O'Bryan, Amherstll; Cathn. MoDougall-Bme^. 18 Oct, 1798
Peter Mickles, Wm. Curtiss, Qeo. Gibson, Isabel Curtiss.
69. Elijah Ferres, Ernest.; Rosanah McPherson, Fred., 17 Dec, 1798
Francis Van De Bogert, John Ray, John Price, Martin Hough.
70. Daniel Fraser, Ernest Town; Sarah Sweeten, same. .19 Dec, 1798
Abigel Fairfield, Hannah Hitchcock, Daniel Sweeton, Stephen
Fairfield.
71. Stauta Sager, Richmond; Eatreen Diamond, Freds., 1 Jany., 1799
Johannes Heniy Buck, Hannah Sager, William Sager, Sarah
Hannah.
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HAS8IAGB BXOI8TXR OF ST. JOHH's OHUBOH^ XUfXST TOWH. 28
No.
72. Nathan Brisco, Ernest Town; Maiy Hii£Einan, Mine, 10 Feby., 1799
Joeepk Hufiman, Neil Ajlgworth, Nanqy Staring, Elixabetli
Huffman.
73. John Grange, Emed Town; Nancy McKim, same, 10 Feby., 1799
Johannes, H. Buck, Wm. MoEim, Hannah Sager, Hester Lett
74. David Shorey, Ernest Town; Elizabeth Lent, same, 11 Feby., 1799
Sheldon Hawley, Rufus Shorey, David Johnson.
76. Wm. Bowen, Fredericks.; Antya Oliver, Richmond, 14 Feby., 1799
John Oliver, Cornelia Oliver, Hauush Sager, Petrus Bowen.
76. Stephen Fairfield, Ernest.; Maria Pruyn, Fredicks., 11 Mar., 1799
Francis Pruyn, Robert Clark, Clary Fairfield, Danl. McSdiuton.
77. Geoige Lucas, Fredericks.; Lydia J^ckes, Ernest., 12 Mar., 1799
James Wells, John Simmons, Hester Lett, Jinny Scharmehom.
78. Henrich Ripson, Ernest.; Al^l Fairfield, same, 18 June, 1799
Ichabod Hawley, Robert Clark, Jr., Nancy Storing, Timothy
Storing.
79. Francis Bell, Ernest Town; Jane Detlor, Fredericks., 7 Oct, 1799
Rachael Detlor, John Detlor, Aaron Sharp.
80. David Williams, Ernest Town; Mercy Sjurr, same, 11 Feby., 1800
William Cother, Richd. Robins, John Gifford.
81. Solomon Tyler, Fredericks.; Zelicia Jackson, same, 18 Feby., 1800
Philip Smith, Alexander Gkyer, Joseph Jackson, Hannah Tyler.
82. John Gifford, Ernest Town; Sarah Williams, same, 8 April, 1800
David Williams, Joseph Hoffman, Mercy Williams.
83. Jrfm Nugen, Maryshurgh; Eleanor OarBon, same. . .14 July, 1800
Alexander Clark, John Allen, Henry Bird, Rachael Allen.
84. Edward McCaffrey, Ernest Town; Sank Rose, same, 25 Sept, 1800
Japtha Hawley, John Eraser, Daniel Rose, Robert Rose.
85. John Smith, Fredericksburgh; Sarah Fisher, same. .28 Dec, 1800
Johannes Devy, Sophia Devy, Darius Hems, SamL Cochran.
86. Henry Richardson, Fred. ; Catharine Costlon, Ernest., 10 Mar., 1801
William Richardson, Jas. Richardson, Jane Schermehom.
87. William Richardson, Fredericks.; Jinney Schermehom, 16 Ap., 1801
Richd. Benson, Amos Richardson, Daniel McPherson.
88. Jacobus Sharp, Fredericks.; Katreen Finkle, same, 14 July, 1801
Laurance Sharp, Peter McTaggart, Thomas Mordoff, Henry
Finkle.
89. Joel SmiA, Ernest Town; Susanah Williams, same, 4 Feby., 1802
David Williams, John Powell, Solomon Smith, Mercy Williams.
90. Daniel Rose, Ernest Town; Ruth Ray, same 4 Mar., 1802
Robert Rose^ Joseph Rogers, Jeptha Hawley.
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24 ONTASIO HI8T0BI0AL B00IBT7.
No.
91. Amos Riohardson, Fredericks.; Snsanali Sager, Rich., 9 Mar., 1802
James Richardson, Adam Sager, Lanah jSdieniieriiom, Maiy Sager.
92. Stauts Sager, Richmond; Cornelia Oliver, same .... 18 Mar., 1802
Edward Howard, Daniel Richard, OomeliuB Oliver.
93. Benjamin Brown, BroumviUe, N.Y.; Olara Fairfield, Emed Town.
19 May, 1802
Charles Everett, Samuel Browning, Casten Everett, Phebe Clark.
94. Peter Miller, Ernest Town; Sarah Roys, Sophias., 3 Aug., 1802
Michael Miller, Henry Bush, Rebecali Bush.
96. John Bush, Frederichsburgh; Doreas Ross^ same. . .21 Feby., 1803
Christopher McOraw, John Van De Waters, Catharine McMasters.
BOOK NUMBER 3.
No.
1. Wm. McKenzie, Amherst Isle; Sarah Howard, same, 19 Sept, 1803
Daniel Richard, Duncan MoEenzie, Thomas Howard.
2. Robert Rose, Ernest.; Phebe Huntly, Fredericks., 8 Nov., 1803
Joseph Rogers^ Wm. Rose, Daniel Rose, Alpheus Cadman.
8. Solomon Smith, Ernest.; Catharine Devy, same ... .9 Feby., 1804
James Johnston, John McGrath, John Smith.
4. Joseph Rogers, Ernest Town; Nanqy Weesi, same. . .22 Mar*, 1804
Jehiel Hawley, Ebenezer Perry, Lavinah Ryder, Elizabedi Wees.
5. John Robertson, Ernest Town; Maiy Parrot^ same, 5 April, 1804
Elisha Shorey, Joseph Rogers, Mary MoEindlea, R. Perry, Jr.
6* James Bradshaw Richardson, Fred.; Rebecca Perey, 24 April, 1804
James Castelloe, Lovina Curtis, Samuel Brownson, Alexander
McPherson.
7. Jacob Dafoe, Frederickdnuyh; Anne Phillips, same . .1 Oct, 1804
Geoige SiUs, John Kemp, Jacob Hou^.
8. Elisha Shorey, Ernest.; Charlotte Long, Fredericks. . 16 Oct, 1804
Eatreen VaUcenbur^, Sarah Hems, Miles Shorey, Joshua Long.
9. Jehiel Hawley, Ernest.; Lavinah Ryder, same 21 Jany., 1805
John Miller, Miles Shorey, Rachael Hawley, Wm. Fairfield, Jr.
10. Wm. Rose, Thurlow; Sarah McKim, Ernest Town 6 Mar, 1806
Archd. Rose, John McKim, Hannah McEim, Jane Rose.
11. Manuel Overfield, Rich.; Sarah Fairfield, Ernest., 7 Aug., 1805
Wm. Fairfield, Jr., Ann Hawley, Sabra Willcox, James CampbelL
12. John Johnston, Ernest.; Rachael Cating, same 11 Nov., 1805
William Juel, William Cating, Sheldon Hawley, Phebe Clark.
13. William Juel, Ernest Town; Mary Johnston, same. .28 Nov., 1805
William Jdmston, Daniel Johnston, Sheldon Hawley.
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MABBIA0B BIGI8TXB OF ST. JOHlf's OHUBOH, XUTXST TOWH. 25
Na
14. AlexbVaiIlant,£rne^7oi(m.^ widower; Marie desAngw da C^^
same place 32 April, 1806
Jeptha Hawl^, Benj. Fairfidd, J<^ Anderson, May Georga
15. Christopher Varty, Campden; Abageil Sedore, same, 28 Jnne, 1806
Wm. Cother, Joel Smith, David Williams, Bnssell Hawl^.
16. Abraham Woodcock, Richmond; LayiniaManh, Fred.^ 8 July, 1806
Isaac C!om^us^ Jcdianes Oronk, Elisha Woodcock.
17. Peter Yandeihjden, Fredericks.; Ann Kraip, same, 18 Sept, 1806
John Eemp, Michael Blanchard, Fanny Walton.
18. George Dafoe, Fredericks.; Elizabeth Sill, same. . .30 Sept, 1806
John Kemp, Michael Blanchard, Fanny Walton.
19. Wm. Miller, Ernest Town; Hannah McKim, same. . .5 Nov., 1806
John NcEim, Nancy McKim, James McKim.
20. Ebenezer Perry, Ernest.; Apphia Bandolph, same . .25 Noy., 1806
Miles Shorey, Dorothy Thomas, Archd. Caracallen, J<^ Boss,
DL Perry.
21. Bmjamin Shaw, Fredericks.; Sarah Cannon, same. .9 Dec., 1806
Darid Hess^ Frederick Bell, Joseph LeiBbaa*
22. Bobert BnA, Fredericks.; Hannah Brooks, same . .1 Jany., 1807
Thomas Clapp, Benj. Jenkins, Wm. Cktrriscm, SamL Keller.
23. Samnel Keller, Fredericks.; Bosanna Warner, same, 8 March, 1807
PetOT Kooghnent, Peter Kidney, Sarah Hess, Elizabeth Pollum.
24. Samnel Williams, Ernest.; Isabella McDongal, same, 15 Mar., 1807
William Williams, Nathan Brisco, John McDongal, May Williams.
25. Henry Oronkwri^t, Fredericks.; Hannah Peterson, 28 Jnly, 1807
Peter Comelins, Peter Woodcock, Ally Woodcock, Jr.
26. Gilbert ffliarp, FrederickOmrgh; Bnth Bell, same. .29 Oct, 1807
Henry Sharp, Wm. Madden, Margaret Fraser, Elizabeth Dafoe.
27. Peter Woodcock, Fredericks.; Ally Woodcock, same, 29 Dec., 1807
John Cronkhrite^ Nicholas Woodcock, Peter Comelins.
28. Darins Hems^ Fredericks.; Nancy Parks, same . . .12 Jany., 1808
Fred. Bdl, John CarscaUen, Lydia Sager, Debrah Hems.
5i9. Peter Van Kon^bnity Fredericks.; Sarah Hems, same 21 Jnne, 1808
James Shaw, Christian Van Koughnit, John Van Kougfanit.
30. Asean Denys, Ernest Town; Jnlie du Charm, same, 26 Sept, 1808
Michael Gabonrie, Joseph dn CSiarm, Charlotte Denys.
31. Chas.Wm.Hy.Ma<J)onell,£f7k; Sarah Brown, same, 24 Oct, 1808
Andrew Hawley, Wm. Clongh, Mary Perry, Miles Shorey.
82. Peter Comelins, Frederidcs.; Peggy Dingman, same, 80 Nov., 1808
Nicholas Woodcock, Isaac Comelins, Ally Woodcodc.
38. David Barry, Fredericksburgh; Sarah Poor, same. . .6 Dec, 1808
Ardid. CarscaUen, G. Embnry, Margret Poor, Ann Empey.
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26 ' ONTABIO HIBTOBIOAL SOOIBTY.
No,
34. Wm. MoGinnis, Amherst I.; Maigaret Howard, Bame 23 Jan., 1809
Wm. MoEenzie; Oolin McKeaiziey Mary George, Eliza ChurdL
36. Dimcan MeKenzie, Amherst I. ; Elizabeth Ohnrdi, Frederiekshurgh,
28 Feby., 1809
Thomas MoEeiizie, Eleanor Church, Jonathan M. Ohnrch.
36. Titus V. Sleuter, Ernest Town; Mary George, same, 14 Mar., 1809
Peter Lord, Lyman Smith, Eve Davy, John Howard.
37. John Campbell, Sophias.; Alioe Bristol, Fredericks. . 12 Dec, 1809
Lewis Fretz, George Rouse, Jr., Esther Bristol, Maiy Perry.
38. John Caten, Ernest Town; Abigail Bose, same . . . .1 Jany., 1810
Thomas Caten, Bobt. Clark, Sarah Caten, Daniel Bose, Bobt.
Bose.
39. Elijah Oarley, Sophias.; Mary Conger, HdlloweU . .11 Jany., 1810
Bichd. T. Gardiner, Isabella Gardiner, John Bristol, Jeptha
Hawley.
40. Lewis Fretz, Fredericks.; Esther Bristol, Ernest. . .23 Jany., 1810
Elias Smith, Jacob Smith, John Campbell, Barbara Fretz, Mr.
Smith.
41. John Dafoe, Frederiekshurgh; Hannah Sill, same . .30 Jany., 1810
Zenas Dafoe, Abraham Dafoe, Mary Benn, Mary Sills.
42. Joseph Am^, Ernest; Elizabeth Shibley, same. . .13 Feby., 1810
George Bowse, Jr., Laurence Stover, Sarah Amey, Mai^gert
Shibley.
43. Bobert L. Williams, Ernest. ; Catharine Airhart, same, 30 Mar., 1810
Geo. Williams, Wm. Airhart, Maiy Williams, Christeen Airhart.
44. Edward Carscallen, Fredericksburgh; Bachael Lockwood^ Ernest.
10 April, 1810
Joshua Blooth, Mercy Hawley, Nathan Brisco, James Abbott
46. Wm. Airhart^ Ernest Town; Msjj Williams, same, 23 April, 1810
Bobt. L. Williams, Gteorge Williams, Catharine Williams, Chris-
teen Airhart
46. Wm. Hawley, Fredericks.; Mary Perry, Ernest 1 May, 1810
Thos. D. Sanford, Jas. Bradshaw, Peter Perry, Anna Hawley.
47. Wm. Brizzey, Ernest Town; Bebeckah Lee, same .... 1 May, 1810
Hannah Brizzy, John Phillips, Jacob Gordanier, Edward Lee.
48. Hendredk Foroomand, Ernest.; Martha Huntley, same, 2 July, 1810
Wm. Brizzy, Bobt Bose, Wm. Huntley, Phebe Bose, Bebeokah
Brizzy.
49. Thomas D. Sanford, Fredericks.; Anny Hawley, same, 3 July, 1810
James Bradshaw, Wm. Hawley, Peter Perry, Mary Hawley.
60. John Lalce, Ernest Town; Sarah Stover, same 29 July, 1810
James Lake, Laurence Stover, Peter Benn, Elizabeth Stover.
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MABXIAOB SBOI8TXB OF ST. JOHH's OHUBOH, BUfm TOWV. S7
Na
51. JoBeph Peok, Mmest Town; Maiy Martiiiy same. .38 Augas^ 1810
Geoige Baker, Jared Bichardson, Bet07 Baker, Elias MarFiiu
52. Qearge Mardoff, Fredericks.; Annj Farshee, same. . .6 Sept, 1810
Daniel Yottng, Michael Pi^roj, Jennet C^ark, Sophie Naah.
63. George Baker, Bmeet.; Esther Ann Curtis, same . .11 Sept, 1810
Elias Margin, Peter Wetsel, Betsy Baker, Margaret Davy.
54. Daniel Sheldon, Emed.; Jenny Fairfield, same .... 10 Jany., 1811
Jeptha Hawley, Barnabas Bidwell, Wm. Willoox, Sabra Willcox.
55. John Cook, CanMen; Aletheia Johnston, Ernest. . .6 Feby., 1811
Hammel Madden, Elisha Shorey, James Johnston*
56. Hammel Madd^, Ernest.; Samantha Rnsh, Camden, 26 Mar., 1811
Wm. Madden, Samuel Scott^ Elisha Shorey.
57. Josei^ Beneauz, HaOoweU; Charlotte Denis, Ernest., 6 May, 1811
Jeptha Hawley, Francois Equey, M. Duplions.
58. Josqph Amey, Ernest Town; Phebe Combes, same . .29 Aug., 1811
Peter Amey, David Amey, Nicholas Amey, Mary Baker.
59. Peter Davy, Ernest Town; Aurelia Chapman, same . . 6 Sept, 1811
Margaret Davy, Seba Murphy, William Fairfield.
60. Wm. Li^thall, Kingston; Sarah Conner, same ... 10 Sept., 1811
Aaron Conner, David Conner, Emanuel Waggoner, Eleanor Hogan.
61. Emanuel Waggoner, Kingston; Eleanor Hogan, same, 10 Sept, 1811
Aaron Connor, David Conner, Wm. Ligfathall, Sarah Conner.
62. Jeremiah Manter, Ernest.; Elizabetii Ashley, same . .3 Nov., 1811
Margaret Davy, Andrew Perkins^ Sabra Murphy.
63. Theopholus Lodnvood, Ernest.; Sarah Amey, same, 14 Nov., 1811
.John Amey, Joseph Lockwood, Rachael Snider.
64. Peter Amey, Ernest Town; Mary Baker, same. . . .28 Nov., 1811
Nicholas Amey, Peter Baker, Mary Amey, Mary Snider*
65. Frederidc Oliver, Fredericks.; Dinab Woodcock, same, 24 Deo., 1811
Henry Bardey, Nidiolas Woodcock, Elizabeth Nidbolson.
66. Thomas Alldridge;, Kingston; Catharine Milton, same, 1 Jan., 1812
Thos. Brown, Martin Wallace, May Ann Milton, Margret Williams.
67. John Hides, Ernest Town; Anna Hogle, same 28 Jany., 1812
John Stover, John Hogle, Bastian Hogle, Mary Brown.
68. Laurence Stover, Ernest.; Elizabeth Madden, same. . 6 Feby., 1812
James Lake, L. Yanalstine, Thomas Madden, John Lasher.
69. John Huntly, Ernest Town; Maiy Walker, same 7 Feby., 1812
John Baymond, Benjamin Lane, Martha Fonxunand.
70. PiBcaiEgDieir Amherst I.; Margret E. Asselstine, same, 26 Feb., 1812
Daniel Bichards, John Howard, Wm. George, Jeptiba Hawley.
71. Nicholas Amey, Ernest Town; lilUrj Snider, same . . 10 Mar., 1819
Nicholas Snider, John Snider, Rachael Snider, Sarah Snider.
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28 ONTABIO H1STOBIOAL 800IETT.
0
No.
72. Jolm McKim, Emtri Tovm; Lydia Switzer, aame . .26 Mar., 1812
Peter Switzer, Ira Beaman, Eleanor MoKim, Wm. MoKim.
73. Jdin Scott, Cambden; Margaret Sweet, same 30 Mar.^ 1812
Thomas Lewis, Samuel Lewis, Mary Soott, Sheldon Hawley.
74. Andrew Bartlee, Emed.; Elizabeth Lake, same ... .23 April, 1812
Justus Bartles, Manning Goodwin, Solomon Smith, Jonathan
Parrott.
75. David Conner, Kingston; Jane Waggoner, same ... .28 May, 1812
Dexter Denie, John Waggoner, Bridget Waggcmer, Polly
Waggoner.
76. John R. Bleeker, Murray; Elizabeth 0. Richards, Amherst Idwnd,
8 June, 1812
George Bleeker, George FinUe, Mary McKenzie, Eleanor Churdu
77. Nathan Felbws, Ernest Town; lilLe^ Lake, same. .6 August, 1812
James Lake, John Lake, Benj. Lake, James Hicka
78. Jas. Barrett, Lohorough; Debrah Peters, Emestown. .26 Oct, 1812
Jesse Barret, William Bundy, Bebecah Snyder, Pradence Barret
79. Leonard Dickenson, Freds.; Mercy Hawley, Ernest. . .28 Oct, 1812
Parker Smith, Sheldon Hawley, Elizabeth Carscallen, Nancy
Carscallen.
80. Francis Latimore, Ernest.; Hannah Stover, same. . .9 Maidb, 1813
John Hall, Nathan Fellows, Henry Conner, Wm. Latimore.
Nam — The la«t ^try verbatim; all preyloua much the same form.
81. ^^ Banns of Marriage between James Lalce, of St Thomas's, Emes-
town, in the United Coonties of Lennox and Addingt<»i; and
Elizabeth Storms, of the Township and Counties aforesaid,
w^re published of Februaiy 7th, 14th and 21st, 1813, by me.
JoHK Lanohobn, Episcopal Missionary.
James Lake, of Ernest Town, in the United Counties of Lennox
and Addington, Upper Canada, Bachelor; and Elizabeth
Storms, of the Township and Counties aforesaid, Spinster,
were married in this church by ^mns this eighteenth day of
March, in the year of our Lord one thousand ei^t hundred
and thirteen by Me.
JoHK Lanohobn, Missicmary.
** This Marriage was solemnized ^^ This Marriage was solemnized
the Presence of- us: between us:
Francis Latdcobb, Jambs Lakb,
JaSPXB HoGIA, na
John WHimifK, Emzabhth X^Stobms.^
John Stobms.''
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PABI8H BBGIBTKR OF ST. OSOBOX, KEirOSTON. 39
IN THE PARISH REGISTER OF ST. GEORGE, KINGSTON
are the foUowing entriee:
'' The Hot. Dr. John Stuart, the first Ghmt^ of Eii^d Minister
of Sangston, was interred — Augast 17th, 1811/'
'' JameB Gartwright, of Kingsfcan, was interred, October 10, 1811.
^* A Marriage by License:
William Allan, of Eangston, in the Oonnly of Frontenae, Upper
Canada, Badielor; and Elizabeth Bnrdett, of the same place,
Spinster, were married in this Church of Kingston, in Upper
Canada, on the 29th day of December, in the year of our Lord
one thousand eig^t hundred and eleven, by me.
John Lajtohobit,
Episcopal Missionary and Officiating Minister.
^^ This marriage was solemnized ^^ This marriage was solemnized
in the presence of us: between us:
John Sbgsrswasd, William Allen,
John Stssn, ■»
Thomas Smtph, Elizabeth X Bxtbdett."
John Dablby, '*^"
Estheb X Smith,
MAMK
Stlvanus Smith/'
RflfF. O. O'KIU Stuart* s maniagie record begins tn the same tMMk. foUowint the
mboreb with Sonday, Dec let. 1811.
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30 ONTABIO HI8TOBZOAL 0OODBTT.
" A EEGISTER OF BAPTISMS FOR THE TOWNSHIP OF
FREDERICKSBURGH,
being the Third Townsihip of Catarawkwee, which is now called
EingBton in the Province of Quebec"
[Nora. — ^The following is a copy of the Register of the Rev. John Langhom.
The Registers of the Baptinns, BiuialSp and Marriages in connection "with St Paul's
Church, in PVederScksburgh, were left with Mr. Peter Young, one of the monbeni.
and have been retained in the hands of some members of the family erer since.
Similar Registers were also kept in connection with St. John's Church, Bath« which
included the mission field east of the Third Town, or EYederidBrtHugh.]
Baptisms in 1787.
Hannah; dan. Isaac and Ljdia Crowder, was baptized
Frederichsburgh, Oct 16
Elizabeth, dau. John and Juliana Pallum. . " "Nov. 12
Elizabeth, dau. John and Christine Neher. . " Nov. 13
William, son Frederick and Hannah Keller. " Nov. 13
Samuel, son Samuel and Susanna Brownson. " Nov. 13
Peter, son William and Jinney Von Kochner " Nov. 13
Lydia, dau* David and Isabella Bradshaw. . " Nov. 13
George, son Amoe and Susanna Lucas " Nov. 13
Susanna, dau. " " " " Nov. 13
Content^ dau. Gilbert and Mary Castle " Nov. 13
Hugh, son Alexander and Elizabeth Clark . . '^ Dec 12
John, Boa and Sarah Hunter Maryshwrgh, Dec 16
William, son William and Martha Carson " Dec 16
Radiael, dau. Samuel and Elizabeth Bose ^' Dec 16
John, son Donald and Margaret Mcintosh ^' Dec 16
Elizabeth, dau. John and Lydia Keller Frederichtiburghy Dec 29
Elias, son Jacob and Margaret Hufman. ... ^^ Dec 30
Benjamin, son Joseph and Susanna Marsh. ^* Dec. 31
Nancy, dau. " " " . '' Dec 31
Catharine, dau. James and Mary yLsuMeLBters.Adolphugtown, Dec 31
John, son Peter and Polly Woodcock Fredericksburgh, Dec 31
Mary, dau. Andrew and Maiy BiUey ^^ Dec 31
Mary, dau. Peter and Jinney Vallean Adolphustown, Dec 31
Joseph, son William and Lois dark " Dec 31
Nancy, dau. John and Loid Dafoe Fredericktimrgh, Dec 31
John, son Nicholas and Elizabeth Peterson. . .Adolphustovm, Dec 31
David, son " " " . . . " Dec 31
David, son Paul and Len6 Peterson ^^ Dec 31
Maiy, dau. Albert and Weinkie Cornel ^' Dec 81
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sbgistxb of baptisms fob fbxdbbiokbbnboh« 81
Baptisms ik 1788
Henry, son Peter and Catharine Bower Frtderickfimrcfhj Jan. 15
James, natural scm of Rhoda Frere, Fredericksburgh, by James
Bean, as was supposed, Feb. 10
John OoUins, son Adam and Eunice AxharLFredericktiburgh, Feb. 10
John, son Abram and Frraikie Woodcock. . . " Feb. 10
Henry, son John and Mary Qerman Adolphudavm, Feb. 10
James, son Albert and Catherine WiUiBms.Frederickfimrgh, Feb. 11
Frederick, son Th(»nas and Hannah Bell. . . ^^ Feb. 19
Mary, dau. Thomas and Debrah Wager " Feb. 20
Johnson, son Thomas and DebonJi Hems. . ^^ Feb. 20
Thomas, son " " '^ . . " Feb. 20
Jason, son " " " . . " Feb. 20
Darius, son " " " . . " Feb. 20
Jerusha, dau " " " . . " Feb. 20
Eleanor, dau. Amos and Jemima MacKenney *^ Feb. 20
John Smith, son " " " . . " Feb. 20
Amos B<mnel, son " " " .. " F^k 20
Samuel Sherwood, son " " . . " Feb. 20
Losina, wife of James Lendsay and dau. of Simeon and Sarah
Wri^ty Fredericksburgh, Feb. 24
Sarah, dau. Simeon and Sarah Wri^ ^^ Feb. 24
Margaret, dau. of Mary Davis, Marytiburgh, by Willard Casey,
as was supposed Feb. 24
Peter, son John and Susanna Low Adolphuetown, Feb. 24
Betsey, dau. Abram and Anne Mabee ^^ Feb. 24
Jinney, dau. Matthew and Betsey Steel ^^ Feb. 24
Deborah, wife of P^er Dop and dau. of Stephen and Charity
Farrington, Marysburgh, Mar. 9
David, son Peter and Deborah Dop " Mar. 9
Anne, dau. Thomas and Maiy Lloyd " Mar. 9
Michael, son William and Sally Blanchard .... ^ Mar. 9
Jacob, son Henry and Elshie Young Fredericksburgh, Mar. 9
G^ige, son Abram and Catharine Dafoe. . . ^' Mar. 9
Rachel, wife of Michael Dafoe and dau. of John and Rachel
Holdcomb, Frederickthurgh, Mar. 9
Lois, wife of John Dafoe and dau. of Joel and Debrah Prindle,
Frederick fbxjiflrgh, Mar. 9
Lavinia, dau. Joseph and Susanna Marsh . . ^' Mar. 10
Jane, dau. William and Elizabeth Eraser. . . " Apr. 7
Daniel, son Daniel and Catharine MacMuUen '^ May 18
3
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32 OKTABIO HIBTOBIOAL SOODRTT.
Joseph, son Joeeph and Mary Soper FredericJcdmrgh, June 1
Andrew, son Samuel and Jemima Thompson ^^ June 1
J(^, son Frederick and Hannah Keller ^^ Jnne 8
Henrick William, sonTVedk. and Maria Ludwid:, Marysburgh, June 15
Jobjif son Luke and Nab6 Carscallen Fredericktburgh, June 16
Sarah, dau. John and Esther Carscallen ^^ June 29
Bobert, son James and JjMcy Russell ^^ June 29
John, son Samuel and Eunice Sherwood. . . " July 7
Sarah, dau. Silas and Rachael Beynolds and wife of Boelof
Vandelar, FredericJc^burgh, July 8
John Vandelar, son Sarah Boynolds, by Burgher Houk, as
was supposed, Fredericksburgh, July 8
LenS, dau. Boelof and Sarah Vandelar ^^ July 8
P^ggy, dau. Philip and Hannah Schmitt. . . " July 9
Nancy, dau. Jdm and Mary Pickle " July 9
Malachi, son Oliver and Jemima Church. . . ^^ July 9
Katharine, dau. Amos and Elizabeth Bombough *^ July 13
Ernest Hinrich, son Tobias and Christine Snider, Marysburgh, July 18
Catharine, dau. John and Bachael Bliss Frederickthurgh, July 27
Gilbert, son Gilbert and Catharine Hems. . " Aug. 25
Bachael, dau. Simeon and Sarah Wright and wife of Zenas
Bo6s^ Fredericksburgh, Sept 8
John, son John and Bachael Holdcomb Frederiehburgh, Sept 8
Joel, son of Doctor and Margaret Prindle. . ^^ Sept 9
On, son of On and Ka^ MacGraw " Sept 9
Agnes, dau. Alexander and Sarah Nicholscm ^^ Sept 21
George^y son J(^ and Margaret Ben '' Sept 21
Elizabeth, daughter John and Sarah Sayger. . . .Richmond, Sept 21
Aaron, son John and Sarah Connar Marj/dmrgh, Sept 21
Wimam Bell, son Elisha and Elizabeth Phillips, Ff^6rurI:9&V'^, Oct 19
Bobert Lord, son Albert and Catharine Williams ^^ Nov. 14
David, son Bidiard and Sahra Gardnier SophUuburgh, Nov. 16
John, son Joseph and Catharine Kemp Frederiekaburgh, Nov. 80
James, natural son Annie Kemp, by James
Bradshaw, as was supposed *^ Nov. 80
Baptisms of 1789
Buth, dau. Duncan and Anna Bell Fredericksburgh, Jan. 1
Elizabeth, dau. Andrew and Mary BiHey. . '^ Jan. 12
Joseph, son Josej^ and Mary Prindd ** Jan. 12
Nanqy, dau. James and Polly MacMasters. . .Adolphugtovm, Jan. 12
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BBOIBTSB 09 BAPTISMS VOB VBXDSBIOXSBUBOH. 88
ChrisU^er, son Henry and Eleanor YoimgJ*rederiehlburgh, Jan. 12
Peter, »m John and Cornelia Gonidina '^ Jan. 12
Catharine, dan. Samuel and Mary Weldi. . ^* Jan. 13
Jcinij son James and Hannah Lindaey *^ Jan. 13
(hLBpeoTy son Peter and Catharine Bower ^^ Jan. 18
Hannali, dan. Thomas and Hannah Bell. . . ^^ Jan. 18
Maiy, dau. Jdm and Mary Embniy ^^ Jan. 25
Nelly, dau. Joseph and Elisabeth HidcB Marysburgh, Jan. 25
Elizabeth, dau. Donald and Isabella MacDonald . ^^ Jan. 25
Mary, dau. William and Louis Clark Adolphustown, Jan. 26
John, son Peter and Mai^aret Philips Frederichburgh, Jan. 26
William, son John Young and Mary Parliament. .Adolphue., Jan. 26
Eleanor, dau. Josiah Yanotahy Hems FrederickAurgh, Jan. 27
Mary, dau. Daniel and Jane Wright MaryAurgh, Feb. 8
Isabel, dau. Peter and Isabel Collier ^* Feb. 8
Anna Carolina, dau. Hinrich and CSiristinaSchmitt " Feb. 8
John, son James and Losina Lendsay Frederichinsrgh, Feb. 9
John, son Michael and Rachael Dafoe '^ Feb. 9
Elizabeth, dau. Thomas and Deborah Wager '' Feb. 11
Anna Maria, dau. Conrad and Susana Bongerd. . .AdolphuB., Mar. 8
Charles^ son of Philip and Elizabeth Zwid[i.Frederichhurgh, Mar. 10
Pet^, son Peter and Deborah Dop Marytburgh, Mar. 22
John, son Nicholas and Anne Hagerman. . . .Adolphustoum, Mar. 28
Betsy, dau. Michael and Sarah Snider ^^ Mar. 28
Abram, son Daniel and Mary Cole '^ Mar. 28
Benjamin Conger, son Hazelton and Margret Spenser. jPr«Z., Apr. 5
Jacob, son Jaeop and Elisabet Schmitt. . . .FrederieJesburgh, Apr. 12
George, son Midiael and Catarina Schmitt. ^* Apr. 12
Mary, dau. Moses and Jinney Foster " Apr. 19
John, son George and Nancy Singleton. ... ^ May 31
Helen, dau. Archibald and Elizabeth Thomson '^ May 31
Mary, dau. Alexander and Elizabeth Clark. ^* May 81
Juliana, dau. David and Sabina Flynn ^^ June 18
Susanna, dau. Coonraudt and Harmah Van DuBOi.Adolphus*, June 14
David, son Richard and Experience Cotter. .Frederiehburgh, June 28
James^ son James and Nanqy MacTaggart. . ^^ June 28
William, son Peter and Phcbe Fikes " July 8
Lois, dau. James and Peggy Bradshaw '^ July 3
Elizabeth, dau. Boelof and Sarah Vandelar. ^' July 3
Maiy, dau. Joseph and Rachael Jenks *^ July 8
Sylvina, dau. William and Anne Cadman. . ^' July 12
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34 ONTABIO HISTOBICAL 8O0IETT.
Amy, dau. William and Amie Oadman Fredericktbuirgh, July 12
James Riler, son John and C. E. Howell . . • . " July 12
Jinney, dau. John and Catharine Diamond. ^^ July 19
Margaret, dau. John and Anne Howard ^' July 20
Daniel, son Stephen and Anne Young " Nov. 1
Eleanor, dau. Oliver and Jemima Churdi. " Deo. 26
Hannah, dau. John and Lydia Keller " Deo. 27
Edmund Westropp, son John and Mary Arm-
strong " Dec 27
Maiy, dau. Daniel and Catharine MacMillan ^^ Dea 28
Baptisms in 1790.
William, son William and Layna Thom&o^n. Fredericktiburgh, Jan. 1
Samu^ son Frederick and Hannah Keller. ^' Jan. 1
William, son David and Isabel Bradshaw. . . '^ Jan. 1
Sarah, dau. John and Sarah Connar ^* Jan. 10
Sarah, dau. Jacot) and Margaret Hufman. . . ^* Jan. 25
Maria, dau. Nicholas and Anne Hagerman. . .Adolphugtown, Feb. 16
Katreen, dau. Qasberus and Anna Van Dusen. '^ Feb. 16
John, son Geoige and Catharine Shriver. . .FrederickAturgh, Feb. 24
Ernest Duncan, son Gottlieb and Elizabeth Me^el, Thtarlovf, Mar. 7
Henry, son Michael and Mary Bartl^ Frederidc^burgh, Mar. 7
Elizabeth, dau. William and Anne Bell. ... ^^ Mar. 17
James, son John and Esther Carscallen. ... ^ Mar. 17
Nelly, dau. Felix and Margaret MacPherson ^^ Mar. 21
Oeoige, son James and Lois Mordoff '^ May 16
Mary, dau. William and Maiy Carsen Marjffbvrgh, May 16
Mai^garet) dau. Reed and Winifred liTorth. ... ^^ May 16
Maiy Barbara, dau. William and Maigaret Bombough.Fre^^^ May 80
Rutli, dau. Luke and Nabe Carscallen '' June 6
Jacob, son Jacob and Millison Hover Adolphustown, July 11
Peggy, dau. Matthew and Evah Dies Frederieksburgh. Sept. 26
Samuel, son Charles and Katreen Bamhart. ^^ Oct^ 3
Margaret, dau. William and Jane l^aw *^ Oct 12
Baohael, dau. Samuel and Maiy Welsh. ... ^' Oot 12
Dorothy, dau. Peter and Katreen Bower. . . ** Oct. 12
Samuel, son Adam and Eunice Arhart. .... ^^ Oct 12
Soj^y Elizabeth, dau. Tobias and Christine
Snider " Oct 17
Nancy, dau. James and Lucy Russell " Nov. 1
Frederick, son Cornelius and Maiy Oliver Bichmond, Nov. 24
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BaOISTBB OF BAPTIB1C8 VOB VKBDXBIOKBBUBOH* 85
Juliana, daxL Nathaniel and Tabetta Owens. .Sophiatiburgh, Nov. 29
Jacob, son John and Yanosha Mitz FrederieMmrgh, Deo. 10
'Rohyy dan. Joseph and Rachael J^icks. . . *^ Deo. 31
James, son Asahel and Agubali Bradshaw. . *^ Dea 25
Clarinda, dan. Cyrenus and Elizabeth Parke *^ Deo. 27
Katy, dan, On and Katy MaoGraw " Dea 27
Baptisms ih 1791
Edward, son Daniel and Dorothy Lloyd. . . .Frederickshturgh, Jan. 9
Snsanna, dan. Russell and Diana Pitman. . . ^^ Jan. 10
Marian, dan. Rnssell and Diana Pitman. ... ^^ Jan. 10
Thomas Eraser, son Russell and Dana Pitman ** Jan. 10
Martin Butler, son Russell and Diana Pitman ^^ Jan. 10
Alee, daughter Joseph and Elizabeth Hicks Marysburgh, Jan. 23
Jobuy son JcJiannes and Cornelia Cornelivu^. Fredericksburgh, Jan. 24
James, son Jdm and Margaret Stalker Sydney, Jan. 24
William Maladii, son Oliver and J. Chwtiili.Fredench^nurgh, F^ 5
Jane^ dan. Jdm and Sarah Huyck Adolphustown, Feb. 7
Jcim^ son Cornelius and Jemima Van Horn. . ^^ Feb. 7
Nicholas, son Philip and Hannah Schmitt. .Frederichaburgh, Feb. 9
Elizabeth, dan. Eonrad and Sarah Sills '' Feb. 18
Pob, son Nicholas and Elizabeth Peterson. . . .Adolphuttotfn, Feb. 21
James, son James and Mary MaoMasters ** F^ 21
John, son Owen and Dinah Richards Frederichburgh, Mar. 6
Sarah, dan. Ebenezer and Sarah Washburn. ^' Mar. 6
Oeorgo, son John and Catharine Blacker . . . .AmeliaAurgh, Mar. 7
Mary, dan. George and Elizabeth Rutter. . . .Addphustown, Mar, 7
John, son George and Elizabeth Rutter " Mar. 7
William Bell, son Asa and Elin Hou^ Frederiekdmrgh, Mar. 20
Caspems, son Jacob and Maiy B. Fretz " Apr. 17
Flora, dan. Duncan and Anna Bell '^ Apr. 17
George, son George and Anna Maginn " Apr. 17
John, son Elisha and Elizabeai Phillips " Apr. 17
Anna, dan. Abram and Anne Loucks ^^ May 1
Jacob, son Joseph and Katreen Kemp '' May 15
Henry, son Daniel and Mary Cole AdolpKustown, 'ilLsij 16
Ernest Tobias, son Johan and Anna Dreder Marysburgh, May 29
Peter, son Andrew and Jane Embury Frederiek^burgh, June 2
Jciniy son Andrew and Mary Rikley. ..... " Jime 2
David, son David and Molly Embury " June 2
William, stm Henry and iomaka Loist " June 2
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36 ONTABIO HI8T0EICAL 800IBTT.
P^ggy, dau. James and TTannah Linsej. . . .FrederichAwrgh, June 7
Williun, son James and P^ggy Bradshaw. . ^* June 7
Mary, dau. Barnabas and Eatreen Wemple Maryfi)urgh, Jnne 12
Peter, son Peter and Maiy Woodoo<dc Fredericktiburgh, Jime 14
Jinney, dau* Abram and Katreen Lorraway. " June 26
Debondi, dau, Josiab and Jinney Hames. . . '^ June 29
Sewantlia, dau. Andrew and Elizabeth Rush .... Cambden, Jime 29
Jacob, son Michael and Catharina Schmitt.Fre^ncA^sZmii^A, June 29
Eunice, dau. Alex, and Sarah !N'icholson. . . " July 10
Marcus, son Jacob and Margaret Diamond. '^ July 10
Isaac, son Abram and Anne Mebe Adolphugtown, July 10
Mary, dau. Jobst Henry and Mary Davis Marydnuyh, July 10
John, son Stephen and Anna Young Fredericlcdywrgh, July 24
John, son Edward and Margaret Power Marytburgh, Aug. 21
John, son Alexander and Elizabeth Clark. . Frederick fbvrgh, Aug. 22
Jacob, son John and Eatreen Diamond *^ Aug. 24
J(^, son William and Yanothsa Von Eochner ^^ Aug. 24
Phebe Gilbert^ dau. Thomas and Asenath (Mdsanih. Sophias., Sept. 5
David Conger, son Thomas and Asenath Goldsmith. ** Sept. 5
John Barnabas^ son Augustus and Sarah Spencer. . ^' Sept 5
Guy Henry, wm Daniel and Dorcas Young " Sept. 6
David, son John and Jane Stinson " Sept. 6
Mary, dau. John and Jane Stinson '^ Sept. 6
Catharine, dau. Jdm and Estlier CsiTmiSL}leD..Frederick8burgh, Sept. 17
Sarah, dau. Moses and Jinney Foster " Sept. 18
Mary, dau. Daniel and Elizabeth Dafoe " Sept. 21
Elisabet, dau. Paul and Layna Peterson '^ Sept. 21
Magdalena, dau. Doctor and Margaret Prindle " Sept. 21
Michael, son Michael and Rachael Dafoe. . . " Sept. 21
Rosanna, dau. George and Eatreen Shriver. " Sept 23
Martha, dau. James and Anne MacTaggert. ^^ Oct 2
Maria, dau. John and Lydia Eeller " Oct 2
John, son Hazelton and Margaret Spencer. " Oct 2
Peggy, dau. Jacob and Elisabet Berger " Oct. 30
Anne, dau. James and Phebe Eemp ^^ Oct 30
Richard, son of Pomps and Nelly, a n^ro
living with Mr. Timothy Thompson. . . " Nov. 13
William, son James and Susanna Parke. . . " Nov. 29
Lucy, dau. Abraham and Eatreen Dafoe. . . " Dea 11
George, son Albert and Catharine Williams. " Dec 21
Gilbert, son David and Eatreen Harris " Dee. 21
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KBOI8TEB OF BAPTISMS FOB 7BXDXBIOK8BUBOH« 87
Elizabeth, dau. John and Mareikia Detlor. .Frederichhurgh, Deo. 21
Mai^garet^ dan. William and Margaret Bom-
bongh " Deo. 26
Betsey, dhXL William and Nancy Beed Thwiow, Deo. 38
The nefw chnrdi of St. Paul's^ Frederichburgh, was opened
and had Divine Servioe performed in it for the first time
on Christmas Day, 1791. This i% perhi^y the first
dinrdi that ever was buUt, new from the ground, in the
province of Quebec^ solely for a Church of England dinidi ;
excepting (me of the Mohawk diuithes lays claim to a
seniority.
Baptisms ik 1792
Daniel, son Oliver and Weinshay Cornel Adolpkuglown, Jan. 9
Oliver, son Joseph and Susanna Comd *^ Jan. 9
Nicholas, sonCSiristopher and Maiy Peterson Frederichimrgh, Jan. 9.
Jacob, son Cristopher and Mary Peterson. . • ^^ Jan. 9
John, scm John and Christeen Diamond ** Jan. 9
Jacobus^ son Jacobus and Anna Demorest. . '^ Jan. 11
Deborah, dau. William and Anne Cadman. . ^^ Jan. 15
Lawrance, son Henrich and Elishia Young. '^ Jan. 23
Martha, dau. Mathew and Mary Pruyn Matytburgh, Jan. 22
Jdm Cyremus, son Cyremus and Elizabeth TaAe.FredericJcs., Jan. 23
Peter, son Peter and Margaret Philips ^^ Jan. 23
Thomas^ son Thomas and Mary Wager ^^ Jan. 24
Peter, son Adam and Elizabeth Bower " Jan. 25
Thomas, son Thomas and Hannah Bell ^^ Jan. 25
Adam, son Peter and Katreen Bower " Jan. 25
David, son Samuel and Mary Welch Frederick^ywrgh, Jan. 25
Thomas, son Daniel and Dorothy Lloyd. . . ^^ Feb. 5
John, " " "... " Feb. 5
James, son Maiy Young, by Daniel Young, as
was supposed " Feb. 5
Bridget, dau. John and Sarah Connar Marysburgh, Feb. 19
Philip, son David and Mary Dulmadge *^ Feb. 19
David, son James and Mary Parke Frederichburgh, Feb. 20
Nancy, dau. James and Lois Mordoff " Mar. 4
Bachael, dau. Augustus and Maigaret Wright " Mar. 4
Helen, dau. William and Anne Bell ^' Mar. 6
William, son Peter and Isabel Collier Marysburgh, Mar. 18
Elizabeth, dau. Dsniel and Catherine MaoMuUen '' Mar. 18
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38 ONTAIUO HISTORICAL SOCIETY,
Elisabet, dau. Jacob and Hannah Froahck.Ff^erichtimrgh, Mar. 25
Alexander, son Donald and Margaret M^cLntoekMaryiburgh, Mar. 27
Sarah, dau. Comfort and Margaret Smith. .Fredericksburgh, May 29
Debndi, dau. John and Lois Dafoe " May 29
Elishia, dau. Abraham and FranHa Woodcock " May 29
(Jeorge, son Ehoda Frere, by Jacobus Ben, as
was supposed. " May 80
William, son Lambert and Anne Vanalstine Richmond, Jime 10
Katreen, dau. Adam and EUsabet Sager " June 24
James, son of Asa and Elin Hough FredericJesburgh, June 24
Mary, dau. Jacob and Margaret Hufman. . . ^^ June 26
£[atreen, dau. David and Diana Parke. .... ^^ June 26
Jinney, dau. William and Layna Thompson " July 3
Peter, son Charles and Catarina Hamhart. . " July 8
Jinney, dau. Petrus and Betya Lorraway. . " July 8
Esther, dau. Asabel and Azubia Bradshaw. " Sept 9
William Eichardson, son Adam and E. Ashart ^' Sept. 1 1
Zeaus, son Zenas and Rachael Boss ^' Oct 2
Magdalena, dau. Michael and Mary Bartley . '^ Oct 2
^Christopher Alexander, son Nicholas and
Anne Hagerman. AdcHphustovm, Ocft 2
Daniel, son Daniel and Ebenezer Washburn. FrederMjfctf&urgrfc, Oct 28
Jacob, son Abraham and Anne Loucks ^' Nov. 26
Mary Anne, dau. John and Mary Ann Peters. . .Mary^ywrgh, Dec. 8
Nancy, dau. Andrew and Elisabet Loist. . ,Frederickd>urgh, Dec 11
Joseph, son Fredericks and Elizabeth Keller ** Dea 18
John, son David and Isabel Bradshaw ^^ Dec. 18
Susanna, dau. John and Yanotshay Mitts. . '^ Dec. 18
Divine service was performed for the first time in the new
church of St Warburg^s, FredericJesbvayh, on Dec. 18th.
Anny, dau. of Cunrad and Sara Sil Fredericksburgh, Dec 28
Baptisms m 1793
Nancy, dau. William and Jane Shaw Frederickdmrgh, Jan. 1
Elisabet, dau. Alexander and Sarah Nicholson '' Jan. 7
Hannah Barbary, dau. Cornelius and Mary Oliver. Richmond, Jan. 7
Maiy, dau. William and Mary Williams. . .Fredericksburgh, Jan. 7
Eatreen, dau. Frederick and Katreen Wabath ^^ Jan. 8
*He t>ecame afterwards the Hon. Cristopher A. Hagerman. 8ollcltor>General of
Upper Canada* and later on Chief Justice Hagennan, and father-in-law of the late
Hon. J. Beyerley Robinson a Lieutenant-Qovemor of Ontarla
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BSOI8TEB OF BAPTISMS FOB FBXDBBICKSBUBOH.
89
Anny, dau. Jcka and Eatreen Diamond. . .Frtderiehburgh, Jan. 10
Anne, dan. David and Elizabeth Bamhait. '^ Jan« 20
Jacob Goelet, son Matthew and Eve Dies. . '' Jan. 20
John, son Moses and Jinney Foster '' Jan. 20
Samuel, son On and Catharine MacGraw. . . '^ Jan. 21
ElLsabeth, dan. Andrew and Elizabeth Rusk Cambden, Jan* 22
Timothy, scm Felix and Margret McPher8on.Fr6^ridks6ur9^^ Feb. 2
Anne, dau. Daniel and Elizabeth Morden Sophiadnurgh, Feb. 4
Bachael Wilson, dau. David and Juliana Conger *^ Feb. 13
Jane Stinson, dau. Peter Designea and Nanc^ Conger " Feb. 13
Sladay Meyers, dau. Geo. and EUsabet 'RnUeir.Adolphu$to%im, Feb. 14
David, son Jcdm and Sarah C<Hmer Marydnurgh, Feb. 17
James, son Joseph and Catherine Eemp. . .Fredericksburgh, Mar. 3
WiUiam Frederick, son Martinus and Margaret
Sherman " Mar. 4
Nathaniel, son James and Susanna Parke. . '^ Mar. 4
Margaret, dau. Lorence and Monykey Sill. . ^^ June 11
Nicholas^ son Johannes and Cornelia Cornelius *' June 1 1
Maiy, dau. Albert and Catherine Williams. ^' June 11
Margarita, dau. J(^ and Christiana Diamond '' June 11
Henry, son Jacob and Elisabet Berger ^' July 7
Maiy, dau. John and Margaret Ben " July 7
Peter, son Daniel and Treinkia Bowen ** July 10
Elizabeth, dau. James and Hannah Lindsey. '^ July 10
Nicholas, son Peter and Mary Woodcodc. . . " July 20
"^jah, son Stephen and Annie Young ^* Sept 1
Andrew, scm Andrew and Mary RiUey. . . *^ Sept. 1
Jdm, son Johannes and Lydia Keller '^ Sept. 15
James, son Eliaha and Elizabeth Phillips. . . '^ Sept 15
Hidiard, sumamed Pruyn, a n^ro living
with Harmen Pruyn " Oct 6
Jacob, son of Petrus and Margaret Sharp ... '^ Oct 13
Elizabeth, dau. James and Phebe Eemp. . . '' Oct 13
Henry, son G^rge H. and Eatrina Lloyd. . ^' Oct. 27
Mercy, dau. Jehiel u^d Amanda Hawley. . . ^^ Dec 25
Bapti81£s in 1794.
Joseph, son Michael and Mary Bentley . .
Elizabet, dau. Richard and Maiy Lloyd.
Thomas, son Josiah and Jinn^ Hems. . .
Es(7, dau. Daniel and Dorothy Lloyd
.Fredericksburgh, Jan. 1
" Jan. 1
Jan. 1
^^ Jan. 5
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40 ONTABIO HI8TOBI0AI* 8O0ISTT.
Asa, son Asa and Elin Hough Frederiehiburgh, Jan. 5
Ojrenns, son Cyrenos and Elizabeth Parke. ^* Jan. 6
Margaret, dan. Ghehan and Annoka Loist. . *^ Jan. 6
ChehanBaltus, son John and Mary M.Holoomb Adclphugtawn, Jan. 6
Katy, dau. William and Katreen MtLcGraw.Frederickfbvrgh, Jan. 6
Alexander Simon, son Alex, and Nancy Ohisholm. .Thurlow, Jan. 13
Elizabeth, dau. Henry and Mary Young. . .Frederickaburgh, Jan. 20
Rachael, dau. William and Kezia Cook .Cambden, Jan. 20
John, son James and Anna MacTaggart. . .FredericJcsburgh, Feb. 2
Jochum, son Lambeort and Anne Van Alstine. . . .Richmond, Feb. 3
Thomas, son James and Peggy Bradshaw. .Fredericksburgh, Feb. 5
Thconas, son William and Martha Carson Marydbwrgh, Feb. 7
Jennet^ dau. Alexander and Elizabeth G\BA(d,Frtderichiywrgh, Feb. 16
Abram, son Abram and Treinkie Woodcock. ^f6(20rtdks6iir^A> Feb. 17
Meit^ louder, dau. Augustus and Sarah Spencer./8^{>pA(as&iii^ Feb. 26
Harrat, son William and Catharine Dyre " Feb. 26
David Conger, son Daniel and Dorcas Young. . " Feb. 26
Nancgr, dau. of Barret and Mary Dyre and wife
of Henry Young " Fd>. 26
Alexander Van Alstine, son George and Eliza-
beth Ruttor Adolphustown, Feb. 27
Anna Maria, dau. Wm. and Katreen Fairman. .Marysburgh, Mar. 2
Jinney, dau. Jacobus and Mareikia DemoresLFrederu^c^urgh, Mar. 2
Margaret, dau. Peter and Katreen Bower. . . " Mar. 4
Bachael, dau. William and Sarah Lewis ^^ Mar. 4
Abigail, dau. Duncan and Anna Bell " April27
William Sole, son Henry and Elishia Young " May 11
Margaret> dau. Gbttlip and Elisabet Maigal. .AmeUofbturgh, June 8
Margaret, dau. David and Molly Embury. .FredericJc^burgh, Jime 24
Jacob, son Byneard and Maria Quackenbudi ^^ Jime 24
Mary, dau. Johan and Elizabeth Loist ^* June 24
Elizabeth, dau. Jacob and Margaret Hufman " July 8
Mary, dau. David and Diana Parke " Sept 23
Mary, dau. Jacob and Margaret Diamond. . " Sept 23
Katreen, dau. Cheban and Margaret Sherman " Sept 23
William, son Johannes and Isabel Sill " Sept 28
Jesse, son James and Content Wells " Oct 28
Elisabet, dau. Abram and Anne Loud» " Nov. 2
John, son Oeorge and Sarah Loucks " Nov. 16
Mary, dau. John and Lois Dafoe " Nov. 18
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BsomrxB ov baftibhs vob norasiciBBirBOH. 41
Baptibmb nr 1796.
Samuel, acta William and Layna Thcmpoon. Frederichsbturgh, Jan. 6
John Smit^, son Petnu and Betya Lorntwaj ^ Jan. 11
Peter James, son James and Susannali Parke ^ Jan. 12
William, son Jacobns and Angleelia Demoreat ^' Jan. 14
Hnldah, dan. Timothy and Hnldah Prindel. '^ Jan. 14
Nancy, dan. George and Lucy Mordoff . ... " Jan. 18
Garret^ son James and Sarah McNutt '^ Jan. 27
Dinah, dau. Nidiolaa and Hannah Woodcock '^ Jan. 27
John, son William and Eatreen MaoGraw. '^ Jan. 27
ElizaJ^eth, dau. Alexand^ and Elizabeth 'EllsworiSLCambden, Jan. 28
Mary, dau. JcAannes J. and Eatreen Simyer.Frederidc9bturgh, Jan. 29
James Benjamin, son John and Jannokha Mitts '' Jan. 29
Jacob, scm William and Jane Shaw ^^ Jan. 29
Eatreen, dau. James and Hannah Lindsey. . ** Jan. 29
Henry Young, son Heinrich and E. Zufelt. . . .BophUubtargk, Feb. 18
Jdm Henry, son Hairy and Nancy Young. . . " Feb. 18
Sabra Ann, dau. Th<mias and Asenath Goldsmitii '^ Feb. 18
Elizabeth, dau. John and Jane Stinson. '' F^. 18
Agnes, dau. " " '' Feb. 18
Badiael, dau, Augustus and Sarah Spencer. . . '^ Feb. 18
J(dm, scm J(^ and Maiy Anne Peters Marysburgh, Feb. 22
Sarah, dau. Eichard and Eatrina Fitdbet. . .Fredericktimrgh, Feb. 23
James, son John and Jannotsha Hart ^^ Feb. 23
Maria, dau. Neal and Maiy MacMullen Kingston, Mar. 8
Elizabeth, dau. Albert and Catherine Williams-il^JoIpAti^um, Mar. 9
Stauts, son Andreas and Susannah Eimmerly. . . .Richmond, Mar. 10
Bichard, son Joseph and Cicely Merit Fredericksbvrgh, Mar. 11
Mary, dau. Chant and Maiy Brant " Mar. 19
Neil, son Job and Sarah Aylesworth Ernest Town, Mar. 2
Mary, dau. David and Eatreen Sager Ameliaabvrgh, Mar. 22
Alexander Clark, son Wm. and Anne ^ZTlQfw.Frederick^mrgh, Mar. 22
William, son Johannes J. and Maigaret Sil. '' Mar. 22
Barnabas, son Alexander and Sarah Nichlson ^^ Mar. 23
Isaac, son Asa and Elin Hough '^ April 19
Edward, son Heinrich J. and Catrina Uoyd " May 3
George, son Stephen and Anne Young " May 17
George, son Solonum and Hannah Rosier. . . '^ May 17
Isaac^ scm Abram and E^trem Lorraway. . ^^ May 31
John, scm Lawrence and Monykey Sil ^' May 81
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42 ONTABIO HI8TOBI0AL BOCIETY.
Philip, son Joseph and Katreen Kemp FredericJcAurgh, May 31
Gared, son Samuel and Maiy Dingman. ... '^ June 30
Margaret, dau. ZenaB and Rachael Boss. ... ^' June 30
James, son Oyrenus and Elizabeth Parke. . . ^' June 30
(Jeoige, son Andrew and Maiy Rikley ** Jime 30
Eleazer, son William and Mary Williams. . . " July 1
Tamar, dau. Adam and Eunice Arhart " July 16
Eliza, dau. Joseph and Harriet Blunt " July 16
Eatreen, dau. Jacob and Elisabet Berger. . . " July 23
Jeptha, son Asabel and Azubah Bradshaw. . " Sept, 3
Elizabeth, dau. Moees and Jinney Foster. . . '^ Sept 6
Hugh, son John and Margaret Ben " Sept 6
Mary, dau. Conrad and Sarah Sil ^' Sept 6
Layna, dau. Jamee and Elizabeth Cushion Marysburgh, Sept 6
6imon Ebenezer, son Ebenezer and Sarah Washburn ^^ Oct 18
Duncan Bell, son Lambert and N. Van Alstine. . .Bichmotid, Oct 27
Eatreen, dau. Johannes and Lydia Keller. .Frederiehsburgh, Dec 13
John, son James and Phebe Kemp " Dec. 27
Abram, son John and Mary Kemp " Dec. 27
Baptisms in 1796.
Barnabas, son Josiah and Katreen Cane. . . Frederick AurgK, Jan. 10
George Oampbel, son Josiah and Yannotshay Hems '^ Jan. 18
Elizabeth, dau. William and Yannotshay Von Kochnot " Jan. 19
William, son Johannes and Elizabeth Scarmahom " Jan. 19
Caleb, son David and Molly Embury '^ Jan. 26
Jacob, son James and Maiy MacMasters Adolphustown, Jan. 25
Deborah, dau. Doctor and Margaret TTmdle.Frederichsburgh, Jan. 25
William, son Michael and Bachael Dafoe. . . " Jan. 25
Radiael, dau. J(dmandM.MagdaleoiaHoloomb " Jan. 25
Layna, dau. Cheban and Annaka Loist '^ Jan. 25
Abraham, son John and Christina Diamond " Jan. 25
Bichard, son Peter and Mary Woodcock. . . " Feb. 8
Andrew, son Andrew and Elizabeth Busk Canibden, Feb. 9
Thomas, son David and Katreen Palmer Sydney, Feb. 9
Katreen, dau. David and Katreen Harris. . .Frederichsburgh, Feb. 9
James, son Nathanael and Jane Hurlburt. . ^' Feb. 9
Asa, son Thomas and Eve Bichardson " Feb. 10
William, son Daniel and Dorcas Young Sophiasburgh, Feb. 17
John, son Thomas and Asenath Gbldsmith. ... ^^ Feb. 17
Letitia, dau. John and Eve Howell " Feb. 21
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Google
IKBGIBTBB OF BAPTISMS FOB FBBDSBIOKSBUBOH* 48
Peter, son J(^ and Sarah Foeyuar Frederidesburgh, Feb. 23
Andrew, son Johan and Elisabet Loist. ... '^ Feb. 23
Jacob, son Abraham and Mary Cronkhite. . ^^ Feb. 33
Isaac, son Thomas and Maiy Dempsej AmeKatiburgh, Feb. 38
Catharine, dau. Johannes and Elisabel SldnUe ^' Mar. 3
James, son James and Christina Hennesj ^^ Mar. 3
Eatreen, dan. Joerg and AUaday Meyers Sidney, Mar. 3
Philip, son Andreas and Peggy Lott ^^ Mar. 3
Treena, dan« Harmonns and Jane Simmon '^ Mar. 3
Susanna, dan. David and Be^y Simmon ^^ Mar. 3
Anny Gmber, dan. Samnel and Huldah Bosi^ ^* Mar. 3
Ogden, natural scm Fanny Rosier, by Ogden Miller
as was supposed ^^ Mar. 3
Joseph, son Ebenezer and Fanny Green ^^ Mar. 3
Ebenezer, son " " " " Mar. 3
Silas, son " " " " Mar. 3
Abigail, dau. Abel and Blondina Gilbert ^^ Mar. 3
Jdm, son Ernest and Elisdbel Meikel Amelkuburgh, Mar. 3
CSuurles, son Charles and Ruth Seals Sidney, Mar. 3
Peter Smith, son Petries and Mary Hofman ^' Mar. 3
Mathew, son Matthew and Zezia Howell Murray, Mar. 3
John, son William and Miriam Smith Sidney, Mar. 8
WiUiam, son " " *' " Mar. 3
Susanna, dau. " " " '* Mar. 3
Maiy,dau. *' " « '' Mar. 3
Elizabeth, dau." " " " Mar. 3
Sarah, dau. " " " " Mar. 3
Jemima, dau. " " " '' Mar. 3
Betty, sumamed Levi, a n^ro girl living with Johannes
Walden Meyers. Thurlow, Mar. 3
Philip, Boa Filip and EUzabet Zwich " Mar. 8
Aflhur, sumamed Hampton, a negro boy living with
Samuel Sherwood. " Mar. 8
William, son William and Mary Kelly Sidney, Mar. 6
Elizabeth, dau. Daniel F. and Dorothy Lloyd, FrederickAurgh, Mar. 6
Richard, son James and Anne McTaggart. . ^' Apr. 30
Ifathanael, son Nathanael and Jane Hurlburt '^ Jime 5
Kaly, dan, Victor and Maria Bowen " June 8
Asahel, son James and P^ggy Bradshaw. . . '^ June 8
Amos Lucas, son Johan Georg and Susanna Schmitt '^ June 8
Daniel Weir, son William and Eleanor Dugall ^^ June 12
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44 ONTASIO HISTOSICAL SOOIBTT.
Tiras, son Jehiel and Amanda Hawlej. • . .Frederichsbvrgh, June 19
William, son Petrus and Maria Bowen ^' June 20
Elizabedi, dau. Michael and Mary Bartley. . '^ June 21
Peter, son Johannes and Isabel Sil " June 26
Sally, dau. Adam and Elisabet Sageor Richmond, Aug. 21
Eleanor, dauJ Oheben and Margaret ShermBJ^Fredericksbiirgh, Sept 6
Pheibe, dau. James and Maiy Lockard ^^ Sept 6
Lucy, dau. Jacob and Margaret Hufman. . . ^' Sept 6
Bachael, dau. James and Susanna Paike. . . '^ Sept 6
Elizabeth, dau. Johannes and Eatreen Shrive '^ Sept 26
Eatreen, dau. Henry and Maiy Young " Sept 27
Ruth, dau. Samuel and Mercy Luscombe. . . '^ Sept 27
Martha, dau. Samuel and Merqy Lusoomb and
wife of Jean B. Beausseli " Sept 27
Magdelena, dau. Gideon and Bachael Rogers ^^ Oct 80
John, son Abram and Anne Louks ^^ Dec. 11
Susanna, dau. George and Sally Loukis. ... ^' Deo. 11
Baptisms in 1797.
Mally, dau. Maria Woodcock, Frederickshurgh, by Jacop
Dingman, as was supposed, Jan. 23
Anny, dau. Nicholas and Hannah VfooA,QO(AL.FredenchS)wrgh, Jan. 23
Margaret, dau. Peter and Margaret Philips. ^' Jan. 28
Elizabeth, dau. Adam and Catharine Re^xnr ^^ Feb. 5
Anny, dau. James and Lois Mordoff ^* Feb. 7
Amos, son John and Elizabeth Schermerhom ^^ Feb. 8
Richard, son Geo. H. and Eatarina Lloyd. . " Feb. 8
Conrad, son John and Lois Dafoe ^' Feb. 8
William Frederick, son John and Christina Dianumd " Feb. 20
James, son James and Sarah MadSTutt ^^ Feb. 20
Christian, son William and Layna Thompson ^' Feb. 22
J(dm Owens, son David and Juliana Conger. .SopJUaabwrgh, Mar. 1
James Potter, son Augustus and Sarah Spencer ^' Mar. 1
George Alexander, son Alex, and E. Clark. Fredericksburgh, Mar. 6
Flora, dau. Asa and Elin Hough " Apr. 16
Nancy, dau. John and Mary Rector " Apr. 80
Oonrad, son Lawrance and Monykey Sil. . . ^^ May 14;
Rachael, dau. Conrad and Sarah Sil '' May 14
John, son William and Eleanor Dugall ^^ May 19
lifary Elizabeth, dau. Bruine and Mary 'Soof^Adolph/ueiown, June 13
Conrad, son John and Margaret Ben Frederichtburgh, June 13
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Google
B£QI8T]£B OF BAPTISMS FOB FBSDBBIOKSBUBOH. 45
Allyn, son James and Content Wells Frederiek$burgh, June 14
William Dngall, son Stq[>hen and Anne Young ^^ June 25
Alexander, son Alex, and Sarah Nicholson. . ^' June 17
Peter^ son Samnel and Mary Dingman '^ June 27
Jacob, son Ridiard and Layyaw or Leah Sharp '^ June 27
James, son James and Hannah Lindsay. ... ^' July 9
Nan<7, dau. Albert and Oatharine Williams ^^ July 9
£atreen, dau. Chant and Mary Brant ^^ July 12
Heniy, son John and Yannokyay Mitts. ... '^ July 12
Henry Bertskey, son Joseph and KatreenEemp ^^ July 23
J<^, scm Jdm and Jane Moidof! ^' Sept 2
Daniel, son Petrus and Maria Bow^i ^^ Sept. 6
James^ son George and Maiy Colten '^ Sept. 6
Pamela, dau. " " " " Sept 6
Clarissa, dau. " " " " Sept 6
John, son John and Esther Price *^ Sept 17
Elisabet, dau. John and Yannetye Hart. ... '^ Oct 1
Jacob, son Andrew and Maiy Bikley ^' Oct 3
Anna Margaret, dau. Jacob and Anna M. Diamond ^* Oct 3
Mary, dau. Oliver and Elizabeth Amal. ... " Oct 4
Zelica, dau. Jethro and Zelica Jackson '^ Oct 4
Catharine^ dau. Jacobus and Anne Demorest ^' Oct 4
Elijah, son of Elijah and Hannah Ferris. . " Oct 4
Anna, dau. Joim and Mary Eemp '^ Oct 15
William, son James and Anna MacTaggart. '^ Nov. 12
Asahel, son Elisha and Elizabeth Philips. . . '' Deo. 10
Eleanor, dau. James and M. Cotter " Dea 10
Margaret, dau. Cheban and Elizabeth Loyst '' Dea 11
Josiah, son Thomas and Eva Bichardson. . . ^^ Dec 12
Baptisms in 1798.
Jane, dau. Al»ram and Eati^een Lorraway. .Frederiehhurgh, Dec 24
Phebe, dau. James and Phebe Eemp ^^ Jan. 7
Eaty, dau. Henry and Margaret Williams. . . .Sophiaaburgh, Jan. 7
Mary, dau« Peter and Margaret Philips. . . .Frederickaburgh, Jan. 8
John, BOD, William and Mary Williams ^' Jan. 8
Gasper, son Henry and Elishia Young. ... ^^ Jan. 10
Sarah, dau. James and Elizabeth Fitchett. . ^' Jan. 21
Margaret R, dau. John and Mary A. Peters HaUoweU, Jan. 21
John, natural son of Margaret MacDaniel of AmeUasburgh,
by John Soper, as was supposed, Jan. 23
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46 ONTABIO HISTOBIOAL SOCIETY.
William, son William and Elizabeth Lewis Cambden, Jan. 23
Sarah, dau. " " " " Jan. 23
Christeen, dau. Adam and Eunice Arhait. .FredericJesburgh, Feb. 5
William, son, John and Jane Stinson HaUoweU, Feb. 21
Henry, son Nicholas and Anna Hagerman. . .Adolphustovm, Feb. 22
Margaret, dau. William and Anne 'SatIow .Fredericki^urgh, Mar. 4
Ruth, dau. " " « . " Mar. 4
Jane, dau. Johannes and Lydia Keller '^ Mar. 4
Christopher, son Abram and Treinkia Woodcock ^^ Mar. 9
John, son James and Mary MacMasters AddpfMUftoum, Mar. 19
Abram, son Peter and Mary Woodcock. . . .FrederieJc^imrgh, Mar. 19
Martin, son Henry and Nelly Palmateer. . . ^^ Mar. 19
Thomas, son Gilliam and Jinney Demorest Richmond, Mar. 19
Kachael C, dau. William and Radiael Bell.MohawJc Village, Mmr. 19
Elizabeth, dau. Aaron and Welthyen Oliver Richmond, Mar. 19
John, son William and Sarah Hannah Fredericksburgh, Apr. 15
Soi^y, natural dau. Sarah Hannah, by Thos.
Douglas, as was supposed " Apr. 15
James, son Hugh and Mary Walker Adolphustown, Apr. 29
Margaret^ dau. William and Yannetahay Van Kodmst.Fred., May 7
George, son Jacob and Elisabet Berger Fredericks., May 13
Daniel, son Daniel and Dorothy Lloyd " May 13
Elizabeth, dau. Joeiah and Y. Hems '^ May 30
Laynay, dau. Frederidc and Betsey Keller " May 30
Hannah, dau. Daniel and -Catharine Bowen. ... ^^ May 80
David, son Asahel and Azubah Bradshaw '^ May 30
Nathan, son James and Susanna Parke ^' May 30
Sarah, dau. Victor and Maria Bowen " June 13
Asa, son Johannes and Elizabeth Schamarhom. . ^^ June 27
Elishia, dau. William and Katreen MacGraw. . . " July 24
EUzabet, dau. Cheban H. and Anna Loist ^^ July 24
Blaltus, son John and Christiana Diamond '^ July 24
Elizabeth, dau. James and Lois Mordoff ^^ Aug. 19
George, son Johannes and Isabel Sil *^ Aug. 19
Eatreen, dau. James and Peggy Bradshaw " Sept 6
Erastus, son Giles and Rachael Moor ^^ Oct 1
Polly, dau. Stephen and Elizabet Lewis Adolphustown, Oct 1
Nancy, dau. Johan and Catharine Simyer .Frederichburgh, Oct 3
Margaret^ dau. Henrich and Anna BertAy. " Oct 14
Mary, dau, Michael and Mary Bartley " Oct 31
Eatreen, dau. Johannes and Polly Bowen. . " Nov. 14
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SBGISTIIB OF BAPTI8X8 VOB VBKDSSI0K8BUBOH* 47
Baptibmb m 1799.
Maiy, dan. Jcim and Sarah Forsquar Fredericksburgh, Jan. 20
Amanda Harris, dan. Isaac and Katreen Blofelt. . . .Sydney, Jan. 28
Sarali, dau. Andrew and Elizabeth Eusk Cambden, Jan. 22
EUas, son Cyrenns and Elizabeth Paik FrtderuMburgh, Feb. 4
Cornelia, dau. Christian and Sarah Peterson " Feb. 18
Isabel, dau. David and Isabel Bradshaw. . . ^^ Feb. 20
Hiram, son Henry and Nancy Young HaUoweU, Feb. 26
Bobert Ladner WiUson, son David and J. Conger. '^ Feb. 26
Hazelton, son Augustus and Sarah Spencer ^^ Feb. 26
Jaoob, son Jcim and Sarah Miller '^ Feb. 26
Bachel, dau. Daniel and Dorcas Young " Feb. 26
Elizabeth H., dau. Ebenezer and Sabra Beaman. . ^^ Feb. 26
Samuel, son Mary Huntley, by Samuel Hudson, as
was supposed '* Feb. 26
John, son John and Mary Woodcock ^^ Mar. 5
Benjamin, son George H. and Catharina Lloyd. .Prederieks., Mar. 17
QewgBy son John and Jane Mordoff " Mar. 31
Abigail, dau. Ebenezer and Sarah Washburn '^ Apr. 14
Isaac, son John and Margaret Ben ^^ May 26
Hannah, dau. Harmonus and Phebe Lorraway. . " May 26
Eleanor, dau. Duncan and Anna Bell ^^ May 26
Charles, son Allister and E. Clark " June 8
Andrew, son William and Lydia Thompson " June 12
Owen, son Bobert and Hannah Anderson ^^ Jime 12
John, son Joseph and Cicely Meritt " June 12
Azubah, dau. Martin and Amy Hawley '^ June 14
Elizabeth, dau. Benjamin and Margaret Boice. . . ^^ July 7
Nancy, dau. Jacob and Mary Hough " July 7
Mary, dau. Alesander and Sarah Nicholson " July 9
Daniel, son Johannes and Katrina Veder Adolphvstown, July 21
Mary, dau. Jacobus and Margaret Forsyuar Fredericks., July 21
Jacob, son Bichard and Eatreen Fitchett ^^ Sept 4
Timothy Thompson, son Peter and Mary Davison " Sept. 16
Prudence, dau. James and Content Wells " Sept 18
Mary, dau. George and Sally Loucks ** Sept 29
George, son Johannes and Mary Finkle " Oct 13
Barnabas, son Asa and Elen Hough ^^ Oct 27
Anne, dau. Joseph and Katreen Kemp " Nov. 10
Susanna, dau. John and Esther Price ^^ Nov. 24
Joseph, son James and Elizabeth Fitchett ^^ Nov. 24
4
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48 ONTABIO HI8TOBIOAL BOOISTT.
Baptisms in 1800,
Charles^ son of Philip F. and Nancy 'RerxieT.Fredericlctiburgh, Jan. 6
Elizabeth, dan. Oliver and Elizabeth Arnold ^' Jan. 8
Content, dau. George and Maiy Colton. ... " Jan. 22
Hannah, dau. Jacobus and Elizabeth Berger ^^ Feb. 2
Tobias, son Henry and Elisha Young " Feb. 2
Joseph, son Heinrich Andreas and E. Loist. " Feb. 8
Jinney, dau. Albert and Katreen Williams. '^ Feb. 3
Isaac, son Samuel and Mary Dingman ^^ Feb. 8
George, son Henry and Nancy Young HaUoweU, Feb. 24
Asenath, dau. Thomas and Asenath Goldsmith. . . ^^ Feb. 24
John, son Daniel and Dorcas Young " Feb. 24
Jane, dau. Nicholas and Anne Hagerman .... Adolphugtown, Mar. 2
John, son John and Mary Kemp Frederich^urgh, Mar. 2
Martha, dau. Abner and Lucretia Huntley. ^' Mar. 2
John, son John and Elizabeth Schermerhom ^' Mar. 2
Susanna, dau. Cfeorge and Lydia Lucas. ... ^' Mar. 5
Joseph, son Jonathan and Anne Allen Adolphustown, Mar. 16
Peter, son Stephen and Anne Young Fredericksbvrgh, Mar. 16
William, son Jacob and Margaret Diamond. ^^ Mar. 17
Laynay, dau. Conrad and Sarah Sill '^ Mar. 80
William, son Johanness and Lydia Keller. . • ^' May 11
Maiy, dau. Lucretia Nicholson, by David
Spraig, as was supposed '^ May 11
William, scm of Yerrigh and Y. Von Kochnot " June 11
Heniy, son Ghawt Heinri^ and Maria Brant " June 11'
Margaret, dau. James and Elizabeth Cushion. . .Marysburgh, June 22
Cornelius, son James and Susanna Parke. .Fredericksburgh, June 24
Elizabeth, dau. James and Mary MaQM.a8t&r.Adolphu8town, June 24
Hannah, dau. Henry and Katreen Sinchdr. FredericJcsburgh, June 24
James, son Thomas and Anne Fegan Mary^burgh, July 6
Henry, son Adam and Eunice Ashart Frederickshurgh, July 9
James, son Adam and Eunice Ashart '^ July 9
Charles, son Asabel and Azubah Bradshaw. '^ Sept. 3
Maiy Anne, dau. Johannes and Isabel Sills. ^' Sept. 14
Peggy, dau. Joseph and Cicely Meritt " Oct 15
David, son Frederick and Elizabetii Keller. '^ Oct 16
Peter, son Cheban and Anna Loist '^ Oct 28
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BSOISTSB OV BAPTISMS VOB VBXDBBIOXBBXJBOH,
49
Baptisms in 1801.
Daniel^ acm Cyreinius and Elizabeth Taike.Fredericksburghj Feb. 2
Jared, son Salmon and Zelicia Tyler ^^ Feb. 4
Elizabeth, dan. J(^ and Sarah Forshee. . . ^^ Feb. 16
Abram, son Peter and Mai^ret Philips '* Feb. 16
Mary, dau. John and Mary Woodcock " Feb. 16
Melinda, dau. Martin and Amy Hawley. ... " Feb. 17
G^eorge, son Timothy and Sarah Fisher " Feb. 18
Josiah, son Benjamin and Margaret Boice. . ^^ Mar. 29
Elishia, dan. Oea H. and Eatarina Lloyd. . ^^ Mar. 29
Adam, son Daniel and Dorodiy Lloyd " Apr. 12
Stephen, son Stephen and Anne Young. . . " Apr. 6
Eunice, dau. Asa and Elin Hou^ ^' May 10
Margaret^ dau. Jacobus and Mally Hou^. . ^ May 24
Andrew, son John and Christiana Diamond ^' May 26
James, son Jacob and Margaret Huffman. . ^^ June 9
Hannah, dau. Bynard and Maria Quadcinbush '' June 9
Marie Ann, dau. Jeremie and Marie Vize de
Guarrie " June 23
Eva, dau., Stephen and Elizabeth Lewis Adolphustown, June 23
David, son Alexander and Sarah NicholBon. FredmicJctimrgh, June 23
Frederick, son Johannes and Polly Bowen Richmond, June 23
Elizabeth, dau. William and Jinney Richardson. J^redbftcX;^., July 7
Gilbert) son Johannes and Maria Finkle '' July 19
Nicholas, son Bichard and Anne Woodcock ^^ Sept. 1
Elizabeth, dau. John and Margaret Ben ^ Sept 2
James, son William and Anne Harlow ^^ Sept 27
Nicholas, son Abraham and Eaty Woodcock '^ Sept 29
Paul, son Abraham and Katy Woodcock ^' Sept 29
Maiy, dau. Abraham and Eaty Woodcock ^^ Sept 29
Samuel, scm Samuel and Mary Dingman '^ Oct. 13
Anny, dau. James and Peggy Bradshaw '' Oct 14
Daniel &nith, son G^rge and Lydia Lucas ^' Oct 28
Baptisms ik 1802.
Nan<gr, dau. Jacobus and Margaret Forske^. Frederiekaburgh, Feb. 14
Gilb^ son Jacotms and Eatreen Sharp. . . ^' Feb. 14
Silas, son Johan and Elisabet Loist '^ Mar. 1
Mary Annei, dau. James and Elizabeth Fitohett '^ Mar. 14
Maiy, dau. William and Elizabeth Sdieimerhom " Mar. 17
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60 ONTABIO HISTOBIOAL 800IXTY.
Elizabeth, dau. Adam and Eunice Arhait. ^Fredericksburgh, Mar. 17
Cyrenius, son Natlian and Bebekah Parke. " Apr. 12
Jacob, son John and Mary Eemp " Apr. 26
Peter, son John and Yannotshay Hart " May 11
Elizabeth, dau. James and Susanna Parke. ^^ May 24
Katreen, dau. Andrew and Mary Eikley. . . " May 24
Mary, dau. Barnard and Elizabeth Forshee. " May 25
Phebe, dau. Harmonus and Phebe Lorraway " June 6
Thomas, son John and Esther Price " June 6
Cornelia, dau. Daniel and Catharine Bowen ^^ June 9
Barnabas, son George and Sarah Cain " June 20
Garret, son Henry and Affy Van Tairaal AdolphvMovm, July 19
Jethro, son Salmon and Zelica Tyler Richmond, July 21
Phebe, dau. Abner and Lucretia Huntly. . . Frederick Awrgh, July 29
Lydia, dau. Johanee and Lydia Keller. ... ^^ Aug. 29
Jinney, dau. Michael and Mary Bartley " Sept 14
Isaac, son John and Mary Woodcock Tlwrhw, Sept. 14
Jehiel, son Ducan and Anna Bell FredericJcsbwrgh, Oct 10
Margaret, dau. Chant and Mary Brant ^^ Oct 27
Sarah, dau. Jamee and Hannah Lindsey. . . *^ Oct 27
Samuel, son William and Mary Williams. . " Nov. 9
Abigail, dau. Joseph and Sarah Parke " Nov. 22
Elizabeth, dau. Frederick and Elizabeth Keller " Nov. 24
Baptisms in 1803.
Elizabeth, dau. Stephen and Amy Young. . . FredericJcsburgh, Jan. 16
Robert, son Micaiah and Eleanor Janes Richmond, Jan. 19
Charlotte, dau. Cyrenus and Elizabeth 'PsLrke.Fredericksbvrgh, Jan. 31
Deborah, dau. Johan and Anna Loist " Jan. 31
Katy, dau. Henrioh and Katreen Krimstone '' Jan. 81
James, son Christopher and Sarah Peterson. " Jan. 31
Margaret, dau. Martin and Isabel Hough. . . " Feb. 13
Samuel Brownson, son Oliver and E. Arnold. . . .Richmond, Feb. 16
Nancy Langhom, dau. Stephen and Polly Conger. Hallowell, Feb. 23
Dorcas Smith, dau. David and Juliana Conger " Feb. 23
David Conger, son Augustus and Sarah Spencer. . " Feb. 23
Franoee, dau. Augustus and Sarah Spencer ^^ Feb. 23
Mary Dyre, dau. Henry and Nancy Young " Feb. 23
Gloranab, dau. Daniel and Dorcas Yoimg " Feb. 23
Jane, dau. Benjamin and Elizabeth Sefymaur.Fredericktburgh, Mar. 13
Cily, dau. Nathaniel and Bebekah Parke. . . '^ June 6
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BBQI8TBB OV BAPTI8M8 VOB FBXDIBIOKBBUBOH* 51
Martin, son C. Baltas and Deborah BhewmaoLFrederichiburgh, June 6
Mary, daiL John and Ohrisfciana Diamond. ^' June 6
David, son David and Diana Parke ^^ June 7
Jinney, dau« Josiah and Y. Hems '^ June 8
Martin Hawley, son Asahel and Azubah
Bradshaw " June 8
Samuel, son Jamee and Sarah MacNutt Adolphudown, June 21
Selenda, dau« Elihu and Chloe Lincohi Fredetick^burgh, June 21
Samuel, son Elihu and Ohloe linooln '^ June 21
Esther, dau. Elihu and Chloe Lino(^ ^ June 21
John, son William and Anne Harlow '^ June 26
Jennet, dau« William and Anne Harlow. . . ^' June 25
Badiael, dau. Barnabas and Katieen Wemp. .Amherst Ide, July 3
George, son George H. and Eatreen Uoji.Frederiek$burgh, July 3
John, son Stephen and E. Lewis ^' July 5
Bobert, son Conrad and Sarah Sil " July 17
Mary, dau. James and Elizabeth Cushion Marysbturgh, July 31
Hannah, dau« Boger and Mary Burgess '^ Aug. 30
Ally, dau. David and Dianna Parke ^^ Aug. 30
Margaret, dau. Benjamin and Maigarei Boioe. • ^' Aug. 31
John, son Jacob and Margaret Huffman ^^ Sept 12
Sarah, dau. James and Susanna Parke '^ Sept. 12
Margaret, dau. David and Isabel Bradshaw. . . ^^ Sept. 14
Joseph, son Bichard and Anny Woodcock " Sept. 27
Asa, son William and Jinney Bichardson ^^ Sept. 27
Elizabeth, dau. William and Eatreen MacGraw ^^ Oct 25
Hannah, dau. William and Eatreen MacGraw. ^' Oct 25
Nicholas, son Cornelius and Mary Oliver Richmond, Nov. 8
P^ggy Bombougfa, dau. James and E. Fitchett. .Fredericks., Nov. 11
Baptisms in 1804.
Isaac, son Harmoness and Phebe lK>rrsLWBj .Fredericksburgh, Jan. 15
Maria, dau. Qeorgb and Lydia Lucas ^^ Jan. 18
Tamar, dau. Heniy and Eatreen Bichardson ^* Jan. 18
J<dm, son James and Peggy Bradshaw ^' Jan. 18
Jacob, son John and Hauuah Dingman Percy, Feb. 12
John, son David and Hannah Tumey Cramhe, Feb. 15
Samuel, son David and Hannah Tumey '^ Feb. 15
David, son Abraham and Trein^ia Woodcoci. .Fredericks., Feb. 27
John Caracallen, scm John and E. Neely ^' Mar. 11
Elizabeth, dau. James and Magdalena <^\BT.8oplUashvjrgh, Mar. 11
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52 ONTABIO HI8TOBIOAL SOOIBTY.
Katy, dau. Albert and Katreen Williams Canibden, Mar. 13
Abigail, dau. Peter and Leah Olut FredericJcsburgh, Apr. 8
Janei, dau. Peter and Leah Clut " Apr. 8
Kaly, dau. George and Sarah Cain " May 6
Jane, dau. Jacob and Mary Hough " May 6
Margaret, dau. Jaoob and S. Finkle. *' May 6
Juliana, dau. Hazelton and M. Spencer " May 20
Elizabeth, dau. Jamee and Katreen Sharp. . " June 3
John, son John and Jane Mordoff " June 3
Jared, son Samuel and Mary Dingman. ... " June 5
Sally, dau. John and Nancy Black '^ June 6
Nancy, dau. John and Esther Price " June 17
Britannia, dau. John and Jane Wilson " June 20
William, son Baltus and Debrah Showman. " July 2
Elsy, dau. John and Mary Woodcock " July 3
Saridi, dau. James and Asenath Davis ^^ July 15
Florence, son John and Margaret Ben " July 16
John Oliver, son Oliver and Mary Churdi. " Aug. 25
Isaac, son Oliver and Elizabeth Arnold Richmond, Sept. 26
Nancy, dau. Peter and Mary Davison Frederichi>turgh, Oct 21
Margaret, dau. Daniel and Catharine Bowen ^' Oct 24
Mary, dau. Peter and Leah Olut " Nov. 4
George, son Elisha and Elizabeth Philips. . . '^ Nov. 18
Elizabeth, dau. James and E. Fitchett '^ Nov. 18
Alexander, son John and Catharine Lansing '^ Dec. 2
John, son Asa and Elin Hough " Dec. 30
Flora, dau. Martin and Isabel Hough '^ Dec 30
Baptisms in 1805.
Ankia, dau. Cornelius and Mary Oliver Richmond, June 14
Lucretia, dau. Seth and Ruth Huntley Hamilton, June 27
Cyrenius, son Joseph and Sarah Parke. . . .FredericJesburgh, June 28
Hannah, dau. Cyrenius and Elizabeth Parke ^^ Jan. 28
Abram, son John and Hannah Dingman Percy, Jan. 28
Stephen Hurlburt, son Stephen and S. Eelly CamMen, Jan. 29
John, son Henry and Aphy Van Tassall Fredericksburgh, Feb. 11
Katreen, dau. James B. and Bebekah Rich-
ardson '' Feb. 27
John, son Michael and Mary Bartley " Feb. 2T
Peter, son Stephen and Anne Young " Apr. 7
Anne, dau. Chant H. and Maiy BIrant " Apr. 21
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BBOI8TSB or BAFTISU8 VOB FBXDSBIOKSBUBOH. 68
Francis^ son of Violet^ a negro woman liying
witb Hazelton Spencer, Esq., bj Francis
Green Frederiektiburgh, Apr. 32
^Benjamin, son Benj. and Elizabeth Seymour ^^ May 5
Kannah, dan. Bidiard and Anne Woodcock ^^ June 4
Pe^y, dan. Johannes and Lydia Keller. . . '^ June 5
Martin, son Johan H. and Anndca Loist. . . ^^ June 17
Sally, dau. Stephen and Elisabet Lewis. . . ^^ June 18
Magdalena, dau. William and J. Bichardson ^^ June 18
Sally, dau. David and Diana Parke " June 18
Mai^^aret, dau. James and Eatreen O'Beily. ^^ June 19
Esther, dau. George and Sally Loucks Cambden, July 14
William, son Duncan and Ana Bell Fredericksburgh, Aug. 11
Eaty, dau. John and Mareikia Woodcock. . . ^^ Aug. 27
Bachael, dau. George and Lydia Lucaa ^^ Aug. 28
George, son Asahel and Azubah Bradshaw. *^ Aug. 28
Henry Watts, son Harmonus and P. Lorraway " Sept 8
'Milton, son William and Mary Williams. . . '^ Sept 10
Mary, dau. James and Susanna Parke ^* Sept 23
Elizabeth, dau. iN'athanael and R Paike. . . ^^ Oct 7
Owen, son Owen and Diana Bichards ^^ Oct 20
Sarah, dau. Conrad and Sarah Sil ^^ Oct 20
William, son Peter and Mary Young " Nov. 6
Jane, dau. Thomas and Charlotte Howard. .Amherst Island, Nov. 17
Baptisms in 1806.
Andrew, son Laur^ice and Mary Sharp. . .FredsriMb%urgh, Jan. 12
Azubah, dau. James and Margaret Bradshaw ^' Jan. 15
Cornelia, dau. Henry and Eatreen Sinclair " Feb. 10
Abram, son Jacob and Anne Dafoe ^^ Feb. 23
Katreen, dau. Henry and Eatreen Bichardson ^^ Feb. 26
Jeptha Bogers, son Martin and Amy Hawley ^^ Mar. 5
George, son Jacob and Lanay Zimerman CawJbden, Mar. 5
Oeorge, son John and Maiy Eemp Frederichfbv/rgh, Apr. 6
Elizabeth, dau. Michael and Anna Young. . '^ Apr. 6
John, son John and iN'ancy Black AmeUasbxirgh, June 10
Daniel B. A., son Hazelton and Marg't Spencer. .Fredericks., June 16
Abraham, son James and Asenath Davies '' June 15
Elizabeth, dau. John and Mary Eemp " June 15
^He afterwards becama H.P.P. for Lennox and Addlncton, and later on a member
of the Dominion Senate.
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54 OITTABIO HI8TOSIOAL 800ISTT.
Adam, son Adam and Eunice Arhart Frtdtrickfburgh, June 17
Sarah; dau, Christopher and Sarah Peterson " June 17
Peter, son Abraham and T. Woodcock " June 17
Abram, son John and Mary Woodcock " July 1
John George, son Jacob and Molly Hough. " July 18
John, son Daniel and C. Bbwen " July 80
George, son James and Katreen Sharp Oswego, Aug. 10
Nicholas^ son John and Jane MordoflF Fredericksbitrgh, Aug. 10
Hannah, dau. John and Margaret Ben " Aug. 10
Elizabeth, dau. Baltus and D. Showman. . . ^^ Aug. 25
CSomelius, son Cornelius and Mary Oliver. . " Nov. 4
Grace, daai. Albert and Katreen Williams Cambden, Nov. 4
Timothy, son John and Esther Price Frederichsbvrgh, Nov. 16
Baptisms in 1807.
Jacob, son Martin and Isabel Hough Fredericksbv/rgh, Jan. 11
Nicholas, son Isaac and Margaret Woodcock ^^ Jan. 26
Stephen, son George H. and Katreen Lloyd " Feb. 22
Sarah, dau. Peter and Margaret Philips ; .Richmond, Feb. 28
Susanna, dau. Oliver and Elizabeth Arnold " Mar. 10
Asahel Bradshaw, son Martin and Amy 'ELsLwIej. Fredericks., Mar. 10
Bichard, son Samuel and Flora Davidson Richmond, Jime 8
Mary, dau. " " " " June8
David Hesse, son George and Sally Heen. ,Frederickei)urgh, June 8
James A. N., son Joseph and Sarah Le Beau ^^ June 8
Abraham E., son Abraham and Ann Loucks ^^ June 8
Elizabeth, dau. Benjamin and E. Seymour. . ^^ June 14
Lucretia, dau. Frederick and Layna Keller. " June 17
Benjamin, son Benj. and Hannah Van Blaraker ** June 28
Hannah, dau. John and Polly Woodcoci. . . " July 14
Bebekah, dau. Benj. and Hannah Van Blaraker ^^ July 26
Peter Hervey, son Harmonuid and PhebeLo(rraway " Juljr 26
Christeen, dau. Conrad and Sarah Sil " Aug. 8
Archibald Garret, son Oliver and Mary Church " Aug. 9
John, son David and Diana Parke '^ Aug. 26
Beliza, dau. Jehiel and Amanda Hawley. . . " Aug. 26
Levi, son Samuel and Flora Davidson Richmond, Aug. 26
Betsy, dau. Chant H. and Mary Brant Fredericksbturgh, Sept 6
Cornelius, son Bichard and Anne Woodcock *^ Sept 22
John, son Johan and Annoka Loist ^* Nov. 2
David, son Stephen and Anne Young '^ Nov. 16
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BXOI8TXE or BAPTI8M8 TOK FJtgPglUCnJUBQH. U
Nancy, dan. John and Jane ICoitbfF FredetiMbwtgk, "Saw. 15
David, eaa Cyrenna and Elizabeth Parke. . " Nor. 16
Nathanael, son Nathaniel and Bebeooa Parke ** No^. 16
Margaret, dan. Jacob and Margaret Huffman *^ Nov. 16
Baftibms nr 1808.
Abraham, son George and Elizabedi Dafoe. .Frederidnburgk, Jan. 10
Henry, son Jacob and Susanna Finkle " Jan. 33
Senben, son James and Sosanni^ Parke " Jan. S5
George, son Samnel and Fannj Biownaoii. . *^ Jan. 37
Peter, son Laurence and Maiy Sharp ** Feb. 7
Hn^ son Alexander and Jinney MacMnllin^iimA^rsf Idamd^ Feb. 7
Mary Anne, dan. J<^ and Nan<7 Black Atneliadmrgk, Feb. 7
Jamee, son John and Mary Kemp Fttderiehbwrgk, Feb. 7
Elizabeth, dau. William and Maiy Williams. .Saphiasburgh, Feb. 8
Tamar, dau. William and Jinney Richardson. . ** Feb. 8
Sheldin Hawley, son Asahel and A. Bradshaw. .Frederides., Feb. 34
Peter, son Johannes and Lydia EeUer ** Feb, 35
Elizabeth, dau. William and Maiy Williama. . .Marydmrgh, Mar. 6
Isaac, son Benjamin and Hannah Van Blaraker. .Frederidcs., May 1
Martin, son " " « . . " May 1
Maiy, dau. Jacob and Mary Hou^ ^ May 15
William Henry, son Gilbert and Buth Siarp. ... '' June 13
John, Boa Cornelius and Mary Oliver " June 14
Hannah, dau. Peter and Ally Woodcodc '' June 14
Nancy, dau. Peter and Elizabedi Bartcm Bichnumd, June 36
Frederica, dau. George and Lydia Lucas. . .Frederidcsburgh, June 39
Valentine Stover, son J<^ and Margaret Ben ^ July 10
Peter, scm John and Mary Woodcock " July 13
Bet^, dau. AlMram and T. Woodcock " July 13
fiusanna, dau. Johannes and M. Pickle '^ July 18
Samuel Badsley, son Philip and Bainy Huffman " Aug. 7
Eliza Anne, dau. John and Elizabeth Neely Cambden, Aug. 7
Jacob, son George and Sally Loucks ^' Aug. 7
Bidiard, son Abraham and Viney Woodcock Richmond, Sept 4
Isabel, daughter William and Anne Bell. . .Frederithtburgh, Sept 18
Abby, dau. John and Esther Price Richmond, Sept 18
Elizabeth Lovina, dau. Daniel and Jinney Carr. . .Cambden, Sept 31
Clarissa Smith, dau. Jos. and Elizabeth Jackson.^m^ Town, Oct 5
Eve, dau. Christopher and Sarah Peterson. . Frederick fimrgh, Oct 16
William' Bailey, son J<^ and Y. Mitts ^' Nov. 2
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56 ONTABIO HISTOBIOAL SOOIETT.
Baptisms in 1809.
Albert Williams^ son Peter and Margaret Phi^]^. Richmond, Jaiu 8
Elizabeth, dau. David and Dianna Parke " Jan. 8
Johannes, son Peter and Peggy Cornelius. .Frederu^fSmrgh, Jan. 9
Flora, dau. Elizabeth Rikley, by William
Philips, as was supposed " Feb. 6
HaTinah, dau. James and Elizabeth Fitchett '^ Feb. 6
Christeen, dau. Chehan and Debrah Showman ^^ Feb. 6
John Langhom, son Daniel and Lois Palmer Tharlow, Feib. 8
Mary, dau. Jaoob and Laynay Smith Emett Town, Feib. 8
Timothy, son Timothy and Avis Chapman. Frecfoncfc^fetirgf A, Feb. 8
Simoen, son John and Esther Ham " Feb. 8
Albert, son Timothy and Avis Chapman. . , " Mar. 5
Joshua Jaoob, son Henry and Katreen Lloyd *' Mar. 19
John Caleb, son " " " " Mar. 19
Nelly, dau. Martin and Isabel Hough ^^ Mar. 19
Flora, dau. Elisha and Elizabeth Philips. . . " Mar. 20
Viney, dau. Sarah Warner, by Thos. Douglas,
as was supposed " Mar. 20
Elizabeth Eleanor, dau. James and Asenath Davis-Fretfcncfc^., Apr. 30
Peter, son Samuel and Bosanna Keller ^^ Apr. 30
John, son Isabel McDonal, by William Bennett,
as was supposed .Emesttown, May 14
Flora, dau. William MacCorquandale and Margaret BeU.Fred. May 28
Jemima, dau. William Hatford and Mary Pruyn " June 11
Margaret Eliza, dau. David and Elizabeth Foot " June 12
Henry, son Isaac and Margaret Woodcock Richmond, June 25
Russel Castle, son Martin and Amy 'RsLwlefy.Fredericksburgh, July 9
Bosanna, dau. Oteorge and Lydia Smith .... " July 9
Amos, son Oliver and Elizabeth Arnold Richmond, July 9
Lucy, dau. Samuel and Fanny Brownson. . .Frederich^wrgh, July 12
Lucy, dau. John and Mary Kemp " July 21
Paidus Sylvester, son Zenas and Marie Nash " July 23
Nicholas, son Etienne and Elizabet Louison. ,8ophiasburgh, Aug. 6
Elizabeth, dau. Jacob and Ann Defoe Fredericlc^mrgh, Sept. 4
Hannah, dau. Cornelius and Mary Oliver. . " Sept 17
Mary, dau. Michael and Bachael Dafoe " Sept. 19
David Barry, son Daniel and C. Bowen ... " Oct. 4
William Watts, son John and Jane Murdoff " Oct 15
Sarah Caroline, dau. John and E. Neely Gamhden, Dec 25
Johnny, son William and Katreen De8arontian.3foAat(;ArT^ina5re, Dec. 25
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SXOIBTEiE OV BAPTISMS FOB VBBDBBIOXSBUBOH. 57
Baptisms nr 1810.
'KaLtjy dan. Abram and Betsy Bowen Richmond, Jan. 21
Midiael, son Frederiok and Elizabeth Ke31erJ*reder%cIai>urgh, Mar. 4
Gilbert Smithy son John and Sarah Clapp. . ^' Mar. 5
Snsanna, dau. John and Polly Woodcock. . " Apr. 16
Nicholas^ son Peter and Elishia Woodcock. ** Apr. 15
Layna, dan. Johannes and Lydia Keller. . . *^ Apr. 18
P^ggy, dan. John and Mary Woodcock " May 28
Catharine^ dau. William and Margaret Bell. ^* June 10
Maiy, dau. Darius and Nanpy Hems ^^ June 10
Simeon, son Maigret Kombough by Simeon
A^ey, as was supposed ^^ June 24
William Youngs, son Oliver and Mary Church '^ June 24
Conrad, son Conrad and Sarah Sil '^ June 24
Susanna, dau. Oyrenius and Elizabeth Parke '^ June 25
Margaret Anne, dau. Jacob and Mai^ Huffman '^ June 25
Sarah, dau. Albert and Eatreen Williams Camhden, July 8
Elizabeth, dau. Bichard and Anny Woodcock. . . .Richmond, July 8
Samuel, son Petrus and Margaret Dulyea ^* July 22
Peter Young, son Chant and Mary Brant Fredericks., Aug. 5
George, son Peter and Martha Detler '^ Sept 2
Doctor Leslie, son Asahel and Azubah Bradshaw ^^ Sept 2
Charles, son Abram and Ann Loucks '^ Sept 2
Philena, dau. Jonathan and Submit Cummins. . . '* Sept 16
Eleazar Motte, son Albert and Eatreen Williams. '^ Sept 30
Lucinda, dau. Albert and Eatreen Williams " Sept 30
Marget, dau. Victor and Mary Bowen Richmond, Sept 30
Susanna, dau. Abram and Lovina Woodoodc.Fr6{fendfc«6tifgffc, Sept 30
Priscilla, dau. William and Mary Gkurrison . " Oct 28
Jacob Finkle, son James and Asenath Davis ^^ Oct 28
Jane, dau. Jeremiah and Mary Workman Ameliasbturgh, Dec 9
Baptisms m 1811.
James^ son James and Elizabeth Fitchett. .FredericJesburgh, Jan. 20
Elizabeth, dau. Geo. H. and Eatreen Lloyd. ^^ Jan. 20
Baltes, son Baltes and Debrah Showman. . '^ Jan. 21
Anna, dau. Adam and Eunice Arhart ^^ Feb. 3
Daniel, son Daniel and Lois Palmer Thurhw, Feb. 17
Francis^ son George and Sally Loucks Camhden, Feb. 17
John, son Harmonus and Pi^be LorrtcmLj. FredericJesburgh, Apr. 14
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58 ONTABIO HI8T0KI0AL 800IBTY.
Jolrn, son John and Dorcas Busli Frederichshurgh, Apr. 14
James Hough, son Abram and AbagaU Taylor ^* Apr. 14
Hannah, dau. Christopher and Bebekah Young *^ Apr. 14
William, son Samuel and Bosanna Keller. . " Apr. 14
Samuel, son Peter and Peggy Cornelius. . . " Apr. 28
Peter, son Cornelius and Mary Oliver " Apr. 28
Maiy, dau. Thomas Dorman and Anna Sanford " May 12
Lavinah, dau. Martin and Amy Hawley. . . ** May 12
James Biradshaw, son Samuel and Fanny Brownson ^^ May 14
Abram, son Stephen and Elizabet Lewis Sophiof^rgh, June 9
Sally, dau. John and Esther Price Cambden, June 23
William Church, son Duncan and E. MacKenzie.ilmAer^J^.^ July 7
Daniel, son Abraham and Elizabeth Cole. . .FredericJeshurghj July 7
Jane, dau. John and Jane Mordoff " July 7
Hannah, dau. Johannes and Mary Bowen Richmondj Sept 1
Laura, dau. Jehiel and Amanda Hawley. . .Frederickabvrgh, Sept. 16
Cecilia, dau. Hazelton and Margaret Spencer ^^ Sept 29
Elizabeth, dau. Elisha and Elizabeth Philips *' Sept 29
Hazelton Spencer Oliver, son John and Mary Church " Sept. 29
Baptisms in 1812.
Sarah, dau. James and Sarah MacNutt Percy, Jan. 6
(Sarah, dau. BobertiandMagdalenaM(^ols(HLFr6{2^Wdk«&t^^ Jan. 5
Heniy, son Johan and Annoka Loist '^ Jan. 6
Abram Rowe, scm Daniel and Catharine Bowen " Jan. 19
Milly, dau. Peter and Elizabeth Barton Richmond, Feb. 2
David John Smith, son David and E. Yooi. Fredericksbvrgh, Feb. 8
Cornelius, son Frederick and Dinah Oliver. " Feb. 16
Abram, son Isaac and Margaret Woodcock Richmond, Mar. 5
JosephGeorge, son Abramand Anny Louck8.Fre«fen<?&«6ur5rA, May 24
Jane Maria, dau. William and Mary Pruyn. " June 7
Abraham, son Peter and Ally Woodcock ... " June 21
Eaty, dau. John and Bachael Oliver Richmond, June 21
Esther, dau. Gilbert and Mary Hems Frederichsburgh, Aug. 2
Yannotshay, dau. C3iant and Mary Brant. . " Aug. 2
Daniel Bidiards, son William and Maria Church " Sept 13
James Alexander, son Oliver and Mary Church " Dea 20
Fanetta, dau. Daniel and Jennet Young. ... " Dea 20
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BXV. JOmf LANOHORir's BSOOBD6. 69
Baptisms ih 1818.
Bobert Russell, son John and Jane MordoS.Fredericksburgh, Jan. 7
Miloy son. Cyreains and Elizabeth Paike. . . ^' Jan. 18
Benjamin, son Ahram and Levina Woodoook " Jan. 18
TTaTinah, dan. John and Hannah Dingman Piercy, Feb. 21
Johnny, son John and Mareikia Woodcock Richmond, Feb. 21
Rachael, dan. Richard and Anny Woodcock " Feb. 21
Elsy, dan. Cornelius and Maiy Oliver Frederickfburgh, Feb. 21
Anny, dan. John and Hannah Dingman Piercy, Mar. 14
Polly, dan. John and Hannah Dingman " Mar. 14
Elsey Eleanor, dan. James and E. Fitchet Fredericks., Apr. 25
James Nelson, son George H. and Katreen Lloyd. " Apr. 25
Jemima Margaret, dan. Duncan and Elizabeth
MacEenzie Amherst Island, Apr. 25
REV. JOHN LANGHORN'S RECORDS, 1787-1813— BIURIALS.
" A Register of Burials in the Township of Fredericksbvrgh:
" This Township has one front toward the Bay of Quinly, two fronts
on the back or Hay Bay, which Bay runs into this Township, but does
not go through it; and a front towards the Mohawk or Appenee Bay,
or river. One of the fronts of this Township begins on the main land
shear north-west of and opposite the Isle of Tanty, and proceeds to
the Bay of Quinly, past the opening into the main Lake of Ontario,
which is between the south-west end of the Holm or Island of Tanty
and the main land shear of Marysburgh.''
BuBiALs IK 1787.
Hugh, son of Alexander and Elizabeth Clark, of Fredericks-
bvrgh, was interred Dec. 13
BUBIALS IN 1788.
Joseph Marsh, of Frederickfimrgh, was interred Feb. 11
John Hartwell Warner Frederickshurgh, Apr. 23
Elizabeth, daughter of Wm. and Jane Shaw. ^^ May 2
Catharine, wife of Gilbert Hems '' Aug. 9
Rosanna, wife of Levi Warner ^' Aug. 15
Antoine, son George Patenon ^^ Aug. 23
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60 ONTABIO HI8TOEIOAL SOCIETY.
Daniel^ son Daniel and Oatharine MoMillap . Prederieksbvrgh, Sept 4
Gilbert, son Gilbert and Catharine Hems. . " Sept 7
William ^U " Sept 29
Elias, son Jacob and Margaret Hu^an ^^ Oct. 29
Jemima, wife of James Clark, Fredericksburgh, Judge of the
District of Mecklenburg Dec 21
BUBIALS IN 1789.
Malachi, son Oliver and Jemima Church. . .Fredericksburgh, Feb. 16
Phebe, wife Peter Fikes " Apr. 3
Nicholas Schmitt " Apr. 80
George, son Valentine and Catharine Detlor " July 2
Anna, wife of John Kemp " July 15
Asa Bichardson " Aug. 4
Mary Dafoe .* " Aug. 12
Martha Crawford " Aug. 21
Henrich Young " Aug. 23
Jemima, wife of Henry Storm Marysbvrgh, Aug. 25
G«>rge Singleton. Fredericksburgh, Sept 23
John Jones " Sept 26
Jonas Halstead. " Oct 9
BuBiALs m 1790.
James, son John and Esther Carscallen. . . .Frederichdmrgh, Mar. 21
Nelly, dau. Felix and Margaret MacPherson " Aug. 28
Sarah Magin " Sept 10
Jacop Schmitt " Sept 10
Christian Keller " Sept 12
Anne Howel " Sept 15
James Bogera ^' Sept 25
Peter BarOiolomeus. " Sept 26
Isaac Lorraway " Oct 8
BuBiALs nf 1791.
Bichard Cotter. Fredericksburgh, Feb. 18
Jacob Loucks " July 80
John Bussell " Aug. 80
Bosanna, dau. Geoi^ and Katreen Shriver. *^ Oct 2
Sarah, dau. Ebeneser and Sarah Washburn. ** Oct 18
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Bsy. JOHN lahohosn'b bscobds. 61
BXTBIALS IN 1798.
Eleanor^ dau. Joaiab and Yanotsfaaj 'KeimB.Frederichimrgh, Teh. 13
Eleanor, wife Josiaa Bartley " Mar. 10
Samuel Bamhart " Aug. 24
Soee or Eosenna MaoLea ^* Nov. 26
Margaret Rogers. Sophiatburgh, Dec 3
Mary, wife John ArmstnHig Sophiasburgh, Dea 8
Burials in 1794.
Henry, son Henrich Jerry and Eatreen Lloyd. . .Fredericks., Feb. 12
Joseph, son Conrad and Sarah Sills " Feb. 24
Jinney, dan. Jacobus and Maieikia Demorest. . . ^^ Mar. 10
EUzabeth, dau. Philip and Hannah Schmitt ** June 10
Cheban Baltus^ son John and Mary Magdelena
Holoomb AdolphuHown, Aug. 27
Samuel, son On and Catharine MacGraw. .Fredericksburgh, Aug. 30
Mary, daughter Alex, and Elizabeth Clark. " Oct 18
Hu^ Clark, son William and Anne Harlow " Nov. 27
BUBIALS IN 1795.
Mary, dau. Frederick and Elizabeth KeTleir .Fredericksburgh, Jan. 4
Layna, dau. Daniel and Dorothy Doyd. ... " Jan. 22
John Kemp " Jan. 31
Nicholas HiUyer " Feb. 3
Frederica, dau. Joseph and Bachael Jendu Emesttoum, Jan. 31
Mary, wife Daniel Smith Frederidcsburgh, Mar. 7
Jephthah, son Martin and Amy Hawley. . . ^' Mar. 19
George FinUe " Mar. 29
Nanny, wife Qeorge Mordoff " Apr. 16
Matthew Hartman " May 8
Bosanna, dau. Andrew and Mary Bikley. . . " May 12
James, son Asa and Elin Hon^ '^ July 23
John Shannon Cambden, Aug. 23
Margaret Claik FrederielesbwrgK, Sept 2
Flora BelL " Nov. 12
BuBIALS IN 1796.
Elisabeth wife Everhart Wager Frederichsburgh, Feb. 6
Everhart Wager. " Mar. 10
James Cotter " Apr. 10
Bidiard, son James and Anne MacTaggart. ^* May 2
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62 ONTABIO HISTOBICAIi 800IETT.
Jinney, dan, Abram and Katreen Lornway. Frederickdmrgh, May 17
William, son Petrus and Maria Bowen '^ June 22
Isabel Cameron " Oct 14
Burials in 1797.
Katy, dau. Wm. and Katreen MacGraw Frederichburgh, Feb. 17
James Bradshaw " Feb. 20
Jacob, son Joseph and Katreen Kemp " Apr. 27
Phebe Dugall " May 19
Tamar Bicbardson " May 26
Cheban Martin Shuman " Apr. 6
Katy, daughter Wm. and Katreen Fielding " Oct 7
Burials in 1798.
Phebe, wife of James Kemp Fredericksburgh, Jan. 8
Mary, wife of John Smith " May 7
John MacDonel (no place mentioned) Jime 17
Katreen Loucks Fredericksburgh, July 8
John, son John and Esther Price " Oct 8
Burials in 1799.
Daniel Smith Fredericksburgh, Mar. 6
Barnabas Caine ** Apr. 2
William Rogers " June 18
Jane, wife James Kemp " Sept 8
Burials in 1800.
Peter, son Stephen and Anne Young Fredericksburgh, April 20
Alexander Simpson " May 21
Nancy, dau. Jaoop and Molly Hough " May 23
Philip, son Joseph and Katreen Kemp *' Aug. 81
Sarah, wife Stephen Kelly " Oct 81
Joseph Peters " Nov. 10
Johannes Sills " Nov. 21
Burials in 1801.
Charles, son Philip F. and Nancy Hemer. .Fredericksburgh, Jan. 28
Matthias, son Thomas and Eve Bicbardson. '^ Jan. 15
Burials nr 1802.
Catrina Young. Fredericksburgh, Jan. 28
Flora, dau. Duncan and Anne Bell '^ Feb. 3
Daniel Lloyd " Oct 9
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BBV. JOHK LAirOHOBir's BBOOBOB. 68
Jcduumes CSiristc^liel PioUe FrtdetifMbwrgk, Fob. 17
James Kemp '^ Mar. 33
Gathariney wife Joaiaa Oane ^' Mar. 38
Peggy Bomboo^ dau. Jamee and Elizabeth Rtchett '^ Nor. 18
BiTBiALs nr 1804, luma
BUBIALS vs 1805.
Josiaa Cane Frederieksbutgh, Jan. 38
Jonathan Miller. '^ Mar. 33
Johannes Hou^ '' Sept 13
BuBiAU nr 1806.
William, son Peter and Maiy Young Frederichiburgh, Jan. 10
FranoiS) son of Violet, a negro woman living
with Hazelton Spenoer, bj Francis (jhneen,
as was supposed. ** Jan. 17
Cornelia, daa. Henry and Katreen Sinolair. ^' Sept 6
BVUALS IN 1807.
John, son David and Diana Parke Frederickdmrgh, Sept 38
Cornelia, dan. Daniel and Catharine Bowen '* Oct 6
BuBiALS nr 1808.
Jinney Cathalinah, dau. Philip and Angelica
Von Nees Frederieksburgh, May 14
Jared Tyler " Dea 16
BuBiALs nr 1809.
Samuel Brownson, the eldest Frederidcthurgk, May 16
BUBIALS IN 1810-13.
^Benjamin Seymour, Esq. Frederichburgh, Feb. 18
No burials in 1811.
Diana Woodcock. Frederiektburgih, Mar. 6, 1813
Frederick Fisher " Jan. 20, 1813
Hazdton Spencer, Esq.... " Feb. 7, 1813
Bridget, dau. James and Elizabeth Cushion " Mar. 1, 1813
(End of the Burial Register.)
•He WM the flnt merchant in the Midland Dletiict west of Kingston, opening a
general store on his farm lot adjoining St Paul's church, on the Bay shore. In 179S,
which was kept tiU his death.
5
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64 OKTABIO HI0TOBIOAL 800IBTT.
KEY. JOHN LANGHORN REGISTER OF ST. PAUL'S
CHURCH, FREDERIOKSBURGH.
" Marriage Begirier of the Church of Frederidaburgh:
^^ Banns of Mairiagie between Moses Crankdiaw, of the Fifth Town-
ship of Catarakwee, and Mary Rose, of the same Township, were pub-
lished on February 17, 24th, and March 2nd, 1788, by me.
John Lanohobn, Missionary.
^' Moses Crankshaw, of the Fifth Township of Catarakwee, called
Marysbur;^, Batdielor; and Maiy Rose, of the same Township, spin-
ster, were married in this Church by Banns^ this ninth day of March in
the year of our Lord one thousand, se^en hundred and eighty-eight, by
ma ^ ^^ John Lanohobn, Missionary.
^^ This marriage was solemnized between us.
" This marriage was solem- ■"
nized in the presence of us " Mosm X Crankshaw.
^* William Cabson.
" John X Rosb.
" Maby X Rosb.
" ISABBLLA X COLUBB.**
NOTB. — ^Tlie above la a Terbatim copy. Those foUowioir are abbreriatkmt of a
similar full form in each caee. AftM* the eecoiid marriage the name of "Bt Paul's*'
church heads all.
Israel Simpson, of the fifth township, widower, and Sarah Blanohard
of the same, widow January 25, 1789
Witnesses: Richard Morden, Joseph Hicks, Elizabeth Hicks.
James Parke, third township, widower, and Busanna Marsh, same, widow
June 14, 1789,
Mary Schermerhom, Margaret l^nith, Comfort Smith.
Augustas Spencer, bachelor, sixth tp., and Sarah Conger, same, spinster
November 1, 1789
Owen Richard, David Conger, jun., Dianah Spencer.
Bostian Hogle, second tp., bachelor, and Amy Cadman, third tp., spinster
December 14, 1789
James Hogle, Archibald Fairfield, John Carscallen.
John Peters, sixth township, bachelor, and Mary Anne Rogers, third
township, spinster February 18, 1790
Alexander Chisholm, Peter Smith, Jane Howard, Susanna Johns.
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BBV. JOHK UkKOHOBir BaOISTBB OV 8T. PAUL'b OHtTSOH. 65
Matthew Pmyn, second townMp, widower, and Mary De Forest, ihird
towndUp, spinster April 6, 1790
HeoEiry MacOuein, Timothy Thompson, Ebenecer Washburn.
Asa Hon^ third iowtuhip, bachelor, and Ellin Bell, same, qpinster. • •
May 11, 17»0
John PhiUips^ Elisha PhilHps, Isabel BeU.
Johan Gasper Clans, fifth town^ip, bachelor, and Deborah Brock,
fourth town^ip, qpinster .May 17, 1790
Jdim Allen, Baniard Cole, Catharine Cole.
Bamet Lewis, fourth townAip, bachelor, and Anna Metinye, spinster
June 18, 1790
Abraham Bogert, Garret B^ison, Buerger Hnydc
John Ogden, sixth town, bachelor, and Waity B^re, same, q^inster
October 4, 1790
Bachael Hare, Eunice Hare, Elijah Miller, Wm. Dyre.
David Conger, Bophiadmrgh, bachelor, and Juliana Owens, same,
spinster Noyember 29, 1790
Peter Designea Conger, Mary Conger, Dorcas Young, David
Conger.
James Kemp, Frederickdburgh, bachelor, and Phebe Van Siden, same,
spinster December 26, 1790
John Kemp, John Miller, Elizabeth FinUe, Sarah Lycms.
Jacob Bierger, Frederiehdmrghj bachelor, and Elisabet Finkle, same,
spinster April 18, 1791
Moses Sinmion, John Finkle, Catharine Simmon, Hannah Finkle.
William MacGraw, Frederiehimrgh, badielor, and Katreen Woodcock,
same, spinster May 2, 1791
Richard Wheeler, Sarah Dingman, Hannah MacGhraw, John
WoodcodL
Ridiard Lloyd, Sophiasburgh, bachelor, and Mary Meby, same, spinster,
Jime 3, 1791
Henry Lloyd, John Peters, Frederick Keller, Betsy Peters.
Andrew Loist^ 8t CutKbert, Fredericksburgh, bachelor, and Elizabeth
Bartley, same, spinster August 7, 1791
Martin Shewman, Henry Bartley, Laynay Showman.
Frederick Cromar, Maryshurgh, bachelor, and Marie Neevolt, Fred-
ericksburgh, spinster September 18, 1791
Ernest Noebling, Robert Middleton, Tobias Snider.
David Parke, FredericJednirgh, bachelor, and Diana Woodcock, of the
same, spinster January 23, 1792
John Woodcock, Katreen Cornelius, Sarah Dingman.
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66 OlTTARIO HI8TOSIOAL BOqiBTT.
Jeremiah Storm&y Mwry^im/rgh, badiielory and Mary Lloyd, same, widow,
February 19, 1792
Robert Farrington, Wm. Storms, Daniel Bobinson.
John Fraser, 8t John's, Emed Town, bachelor, and Ezperienoe Cotter,
same, widow March 4, 1792
Nabby Lockwood, Hannah Fraser, Jdbn Burley.
Abraham Bogert, Adolphustown, bachelor, and Maiy Lazier, Sophias-
hwrgh, spinster > ^Maroh 18, 1792
Gilliam Demorest, Andrew Fobriskie, James Demorast, John
Fosyuar, Mary Moore,
fiamuel Farrington, Marysburgh, badielor, and Eatreen Brown, same,
spinster April 16, 1792
Robert Thompson, Jeremiah Storm, Eleanor Thompson.
Daniel Reynolds, Ameliasburgh, bachdor, and Nancy Waight^ Sophias-
hurgh, spinster April 16, 1792
Rachael Jinks, Hannah Finkle, John Miller, Isaac Vallentine.
Lorence Sills> St Paul's, Frederickfburgh, and Monykey Schouten, of
the same, spinster April 30, 1792
Isabel Bell, Margaret Mordoff, John Sills, John Adams.
Martin Showman, St. Outhbert's, Fredericksburgh, and Margaret
Bartley, of the same, spinster April 30, 1792
Henry Bartley, Baltus Showman, Charlotte Kimmerly.
Nathan Heald, Marysburgh, bachelor, Winifred North, same, widow.
May 8, 1792
William Carson, Martha Oarson, Andrew Hess.
Peter Designea Conger, Sophiatburgh, bachelor, and Nancy Stinson, of
the same, spinster June 11, 1792
St^hen Conger, David M. Rogers, Margaret Rogers, Maiy C<mger.
Henry Lloyd, St. Paul's, Fredericksburgh, and Katreen Yomig, of the
same, spinster August 5, 1792
Frederick Keller, John Peters, Rebekah Dies.
Ebhart Weger, St. Warburg's, Frederichsburgh, widower, and £li«d)et
Keller, of the same, spinster August 19, 1792
Katreeu Young, Elishia Young, Moses Foster.
James Way, Bophiatibtirgh, widower, and Sarah Cronk, same, spinster,
September 30, 1792
Mary Moore, Phebe Cronkhite, Jacob Cronk, Mary Delong.
George Loucks, St Paul's, Frederichburgh, bachelor, and Sarah Lyons,
of the same, spinster November 26, 1792
Jcltm. Kemp, Henry Louoks, Katreen Cole, Anna FinUe.
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SBV. JOHH LA90H0BN BBGIBTIB Or BT. PAVL'b OHUBOH. 67
William Fidding^ St Warburg's, Frederichsburgh, and Katreen Loader
St. Paul's, i^rtfdendta&iir^^ ^inster December 10, 1792
Eatrean Cole, Phebe Eemp, J<^ Eemp, James Kemp.
Laurence Thureseon, Mary^hurgh, bachelcnr, and Anne Elizabedi Johns,
of the same, spinster January 20, 1793
Alexander Clark, Matthew Dies^ John Armstrong.
Jonathan Fergasson, Marydmrgh, bachelor, and Mary Young, Bophia^
burgh, spinster February 17, 1793
John Miller, Sarah Young, Daniel Young.
William Dyie, MaryAurgh, bachelor, and Katreen Young, Sophu^-
hurgh, 9pinder. February 17, 1793
J<^ Miller, Daniel Young, Sarah Young.
Jacob Corbman, Amettasburgh, bachelor, and Jinny Fox, Richmond,
spinster February 17, 1793
Staut Sager, Victor Bowen, Charlotte Kimmeriy, Anne Oliver.
Leonard Walden Meyers, Sidney, bachelor, and Margaret Ackerman,
Adolphustown, spinster. April 14, 1798
Eatreen Cole, Jinney Ostrom, Alex. Vanalstine, Tobias Meyera
Henry Young, Frederiehsburgh, bachelor, and Mary Daf oe, of the same,
spinster May 27, 1793
Henry Bartley, Alexander Wi^t Boss, Mary Daf oe, E. Young.
John Wood, Adolphuttown, badtieiknr, and Rebekah BoUin of the same,
spinster. October 27, 1798
Stephen Boblin, Jacob Benschy, Abigail Osboma
William Babcock, Frederickdmrgh, bachelor, and Allawdaw Cole,
Adciphudown, spinster November 24, 1793
Cataieen Cole, Bebekah Beddick, David Fergusson, B. Cole.
Qarit Van Horn, Sophiadnurgh, bachelor, and Bebekah Boblin, of the
same, spinster January 6, 1794
Cornelius Van Horn, Geoi^ge Sil, Stephen Boblin.
Peter Cole, SophiadAJtgh, bachelor, and Janie Parliament, same, ^inster^
January 5, 1794
Isaac Parliament, Bobert Dailey, Abegail Odboma
Andreas Hess, Marysburgh, widower, and Maiy Smith, same, spinster,
April 28, 1794
William Benecke, Heinridi Schmitt^ Johan N. EreokeL
Johan Nicholas Ereokel, Marysburgh, bachelor, and Maria Elisabet
Qisen, same April 28, 1794
Andreas Hess, William Benecke, Heinrich Sdmiitt.
Heinridi Brant^ Frederieksburgh, bachelor, and Mary Young, of the
same^ spinster , May 12, 1794
Jdm Mordoff, Thomas Bichardscm, Bebekah Dies, James Cotter.
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68 ONTABIO HI8TOBIOAI, 80CIBTT.
John Sichardfl, MaryAvargh, bacfaebry and Jane Howard, Amherst
Island, Ontario County, spinster January 26, 1795
John Howard, Colin McEenzie, Mary McEenzie, Anne Howard.
John Eemp, Fredericksbvrgh, bachelor, and Maiy Defoe, same place,
spinster. January 26, 1795
John Finkle, Jaoop Finkle, Andrew Bikley, Margaret HufiPman«
Jacob Bensdie, Sophdasburgh, bachelor, and Abigail Osbom, of the
same place, spinster Not. 16, 1795
Nathaniel Osbom, Mary Osbom, N. Taylor, Garret Benson.
Jacob Bayley Chamberlain, Frederichsbwrgh, badielor, and Ann Embury,
same, spinster, married by license March 20, 1796
Timothy Thompson, Alexander Van Alstine, Alexander Clark.
John Mordoff, St. Oswald's, FredericJesbuurgh, badielor, and Jane Hurl-
but, same place, widow May 16, 1796
Johannes Bendi, Thomas Mordoff, Duncan Bell, Nancy Mordoff.
John Woodcock, Fredericksburgh, and Mary Cronkhite, same, spinster,
September 4, 1797
Nicholas Anderson, John Woodcock, Anne Marsh, Mary PrindeL
Alexander Van Alstin, Adolphariown, badielor, and Ursula AUen,
Marysburgh, spinster, by license June 26, 1798
Harmonus WindeU, Duncan Bell, Nancy Dugall, James Dugall.
Jacobus FoTshsee, Fredericksburgh, bachelor, and Margaret Mordoff,
same, spinster July 3, 1798
Barnard Forshee, John Mordoff, Duncan Bell, Charlee Bamhart
Benjamin Boyce, St Paul's^ Frederichburgh, bachelor, and Margaret
Shuman, same place, widow August 20, 1798
John Finkle, Henry Boyce, Maria Sharp, Eleanor Bartley.
James Eemp, Fredericksburgh, widower, and Jane Anderson, of same
place, spinster August 19, 1799
Jacob Finkle, Thomas Mordoff, Ephraa Gk)odsell, Nancry^ Mordoff.
David Gardiner, HdUoweU, bachelor, and Rachael Goldsmith, of same
place, spinster April 28, 1800
Abraham Steel, Ann Hodges, Stephen Conger, Ridiard Gardiner.
Bichard Woodcock, Frederickfimrgh, (St Luke's) bachelor, and Ann
Marsh, same place, spinster March 1, 1801
John Woodcock, Isaac Woodcock, Hannah Woodcoci, Mary Wood-
cock.
Benjamin Seymour, Fredericksbv/rgli, bachelor, and Elizabeth Clark,
spinster, by license April 13, 1801
Jonathan MiUer, Arcliibald Macdonell, James McNabb, Elizabeth
Church.
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BEY. JOHH LAKGHOBN BKOBTSB OV 8T. PAUL'b OHUBOH. 69
Ifartdn Hoagh, FredericJcsburgh, bachelor, and Isabel 8ily same, widow,
October 12, 1801
Elisha Phillips, Jacob Hough, Duncan Bell, Samuel Neilson.
Baltes Shewman, Fredericktburgh, bachelor, and Deborah Paike, same
place, spinster April 12, 1802
(Garret Benson, Peter McCabe, Katreea Van de Waters.
Cornelius Oliver, Richm<ynd, widower, and Mary Woodcock, of same
place, spinster July 6, 1802
John P^icil, John Woodcock, Wnu Oogswell, Maigaret Qravelstone.
J(^ Woodcock, Frederichimrgh, (St. Luke's) badielor, and Maiy
Gravelstone, same place, spinster October 4, 1802
John Pencil, Isaac Woodcodc, Duncan Bell, Ally Woodcock.
Alpheus Cadman, Frederickdywrgh, (St. Paul's) badielor, and Sarah
Taylor, of same, spinster October 4, 1802
Joshua Cadman, Abraham Taylor, Jacob Finkle, B. Hogla
John Dingman, Percy, bachelor, and Hannah Woodcock, Frtderitk^
hurgh, spinster November 21, 1802
Jamee McNutt, John Pencil, Isaac Cornelius, Isaac Woodcodc
William Cadman, St Paul's, FrederuMmrgh, widower, and Dorodiy
Lloyd, same, widow December 20, 1802
Jacob Finkle, Thomas Mordoff, James Mordoff.
John Lansing, St. Paul's, Frederickdmrgh, bachelor, and Catharine
Fikes, same, spinster March 6, 1804
Lawrence Sharp, John Lane, Anne Phillips, Mary Rikley.
William Anderson, fit. Cuthbert's, Frederidcsburgh, and Maiy Fickee,
same place, spinster May 6, 1804
Duncan Bell, Lawrence Sills, Ana Bell, Thos. D. Appleby, J. Neely.
Lawrence Sharp, St. Paul's, Fredericksburgh, bachelor, and Mary Rikley,
same place, spinster November 19, 1804
Samuel McTaggart, Henry Sharp, Elizabeth Daf oe, Jacob Hough.
Daniel Palmer, ThvHow, and Lois Bradshaw, St. Warburg's, Fredericks-
hurgh, spinster June 2, 1806
Samuel Brownson, E. Bradshaw, Wm. Bowen, Hannah Tyler.
Henry Young, St Cuthbert's, Frederickabwgh, widower, and Mary
Anderson, same place, widow October 19, 1806
Abraham Hogan, Peter L. Young, Maria Young.
Abraham Cole, Adolphugtown, bachelor, and Elizabeth PoUum, St.
Paul's, Frederickabvrgh, spinster October 3, 1808
Heniy Cole, Peter Kidney, Sarah Cole, Rachael Bush.
John Hosey, Richmond, bachelor, and Elizabeth Waldron, Fredericks-
hurgh, spinster July 7, 1811
Blenjamin Shaw, Thomas Bell, John Clark, Eunice Kingsbuiy.
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70 ONTABIO HI8T0BICAL BOOIXTT.
Solomon Combs, St Paul's, Frederiektinurgh, widower, and Mary Work-
man, same place, widow June 7, 1812
William Wager, James Fitchett, Elizabeth Wager, ElizabeOi
Fitohett
REV. ROBERT McDOWALUS REGISTER
Note. — ^Rev. Robert McDowall was the first regularly sent Presbyte-
rian Missionary to Upper Canada. He was a native of Saratoga County,
New York, educated at Williams' Collie, Schenectady, N.Y., and s^it
by the Synod of the Reformed Dutch Church of Albany as a Mission-
ary to the IT. E. L. refugees of the Bay of Quinte District, numbers of
whom came from near Albany and points on the Hudson River, and
were members of that denomination before leaving. He reached
Kingston early in the spring of 1798, and soon went to Bath and
Frederioksbui^, and settled in the latter towndiip, where he remained
until his death in 1841. During the first two years he worked as a
missionary at lai^ge, and then organized congregaticms at Bath and in
Fredericksburgh and Ernest Town, three miles nordi of Bath. He
became the regular minister of these, and had churchee built. He
continued his regular mission visitaticms to Kingston and Prince
Edward County, sometimes going as far west as where London now
stands. He married probably more persons than any other minister in
Upper Canada. His raster was given to Queen's College, Kingston,
since his death, by R. J. McDowall, his grandson, now residing in
Kingston, and is kept in the vault of Queen's. The following are
eoitracts fram that register. Some pages are so dim from years that it
ifll difficult to decipher them. In July, 1898, a centennial was held at
the McDowall Memorial Church, Sandhurst, Fredericksburgh, where
he died, and where his remains and those of most members of his
family lie buried. It was attended by thousands. T.W.C.
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BBY. BOBXBT m'dOWAI^l's BSOISTKB. 71
liSMOBIAL TaBLXT
The following mscripticm is on the Memorial Tablet in the
MoDawall Memorial ChnidL
'' In Msmobiak
REV. ROBERT MoDOWALL
OBDAIlfXD BT
THE Dutch Rsvobmbd Chuboh at Albany.
CAiix TO Uppbb Canada, 1798,
TO MINIBTXB TO THX IT. E. LoTALIBTS.
As PlONBBB M188IONABT
HIB LABOB8 WEBB OB PBB-BHINBNT
nrPOBTANOB IN BSTABLIBHINQ THE OhUBCH IN THIB PbOTINCB.
Hb was ELBCTED THB 7IB8T MODBBATOB OB THE
Synod of Canada in 1820.
He was a foundeb of Queen's TTniybbsity.
Hb oboanizbd this conobboation in 1800, and bbkained
its faithfui. pa8tob tux his dbath.
His bbmains abb intebbbd in this ohuboh tabd^'^
On his tombstone is the following!
** SaOBED to the liBMOBT
OF THB
REV. ROBERT MoDOWALL
WHO WAS 43 TEABS MiNISTEB OF THE PIBBSBTTBBIAN ChUBOH
WHO DIED August 3bd, 1841
AGXD 73 TEABS.''
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72 OFTABIO HI8TOBIOAL SOCIETY.
MoDOWALL MARRIAGE REGISTER
" i
Gilbert Clapp and Elizabeth BedeU, both of Adolphustown, were
married aa the eleventh of May, one thousand ei^t hundred — 11th
May, 1800."
Jacob Zimmerman and Laney Seager, both of Napanee, July 22, 1800
Daniel Outwater and Martha Morgan HdttoweU, 3 Aug., 1800
Hellebren Valleau and Elizabetii Campbell, former of
Sophdasburgh, and the latter of Adolphustown, 25 Aug., 1800
John Harrison, Cathame Powers Marysburgh, 14 Sept, 1800
Isaac Hicks, Elizabeth Ghxte EtTiest Town, 21 Oct, 1800
Martin Foster, Elizabeth Power Napanee Biver, 4 Nov., 1800
*Samuel Neilson, Jane Maybee Adolphustown, 10 Nov., 1800
Seth Huntley, Frederick f^rgh; Ruth Wi\l£ird.Emest., 13 Nov., 1800
John Latta, Susanah Pitman Adolphustown, 17 Nov., 1800
Ep&phras Goodsill, Nancy 'hlwrdoB. .Fredericksburgh, 22 Nov., 1800
Jacob Eraser, Ernest Town; Elizabeth Jones. ftn^^n, Aug. 2, 1802
Cornelius Van Alstine, Rachel Jhxnhscm. Adolphustown, 29 Dec, 1801
James McNabb, Ann Eraser .Fredericksbuargh, 24 Mar., 1801
Peter D. Conger, HdOoweU; Elizabeth Stapleton.Ffe(f., 7 Sept, 1801
Jeremiah Chapman, Margaret Anderson. . .Fredericks., 14 Sept, 1801
John Benson, Mary VaDeau Sophiasburgh, 17 Nov., 1801
Isaac Eraser, Hannah Staring Emesttown, 12 Jan., 1802
Jabish Herd, Mary Hess Fredericksburgh, 19 Jan.
John Ryder, Kingston; Eliz'th Cronk Emesttown, 3 Dec, 1802
Nicholas Onto Cark, Oambden; Eliz'th Bell Fred., No date
Wm. Prindle, Fredericks.; Rach'l Dibble. . .Adolphus., 17 Feb., 1802
Samuel Miller, Fredericks.; Mary Canniff . . " 1 Mar., 1802
fAlex. Fisher, Esq., Adolph.; Henrietta McDonnell. . .
Marysburgh, 15 Mar., 1802
John Neely, Elizabeth Carscallen Fredericksburgh, 17 Mar,, 1802
Jacob Hiller, Elizabeth Boise Emesttown, 18 Mar., 1802
Moses Ward, Emesttown; Polly Colton Richmond, 20 Apr., 1802
Richard Henson, Elizabeth Barton Sophiasburgh, 31 May, 1802
Thos. Douglas, Adolphus.; Carolina Sharp. . . .Ernest., 6 Sept, 1802
*He became Dr. Nellson. of Monren« BmeBttown, where he lived and died. He
was the father of Judcre Joseph Neilson, of New York, who presided In the celebrated
Rev. Henry Ward Beecher trial years ago.
tAlezander Fisher was the llrst judge of the Midland District and lived and died
In Adolphustown. He was grandfather of the Hon. George E. Kirkpatrick,
ez-Lieutenant-Qovemor of Ontario.
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m'dOWALL KABBIAQX BSaiSTXB. 78
David Perry, Elizabeth Ward Emedioum, 18 Oct, 1802
Edward Howard, Bosana McMuUen. . .Amkerd Idand, 22 Dec, 1802
Gideon Gardner, Mary GkrriftHi Frederiektburgh, 3 Feb., 1803
Ebeneflser Waahbom, HalloweU; Hannah McBride,
widow York, 24 Jan., 1808
Lewis Latour, Sarah Mason 8ophi<uiburgh, 28 Feb., 1803
Caleb Elsworth, Oathame Ciyderman HaUaweU, 22 Feb., 1803
Jdtm Oliver, Kaohael Eellj Biehmand, 13 Mar., 1808
Wnu Viel, Marysburgh; Dicinda Althanae Emed., 15 Mar., 1803
James MoN^abb, Ann Eraser Frederieksburgh, 17 Mar., 1803
J<An Blade, Nancy Pickle " 3 Apr., 1803
Benj. Olapp, Fredericks.; Elizabeth Roblin, Adolphw., 6 Apr., 1803
Thos. Lyons, Lanah Schermerhom Sophiasburgh, 23 May, 1803
Richard Gardner, Sophias.; Isabel Gardner. ffoZIoii^S, 31 May, 1803
Jones Kenny, Betsy Doyle Marysburgh, 17 June, 1803
Samuel Shaw, Abagail Parliament Sophiatlburgh, 7 July, 1803
3cim Bull, Maiy Palen HaOaweU, 27 June, 1803
♦Philip Doriand, Adolph.; Elizabeth BedeD. " 14 July, 1803
Daniel McPherson, Ernest.; Jane Ekkw. . .Fredericks., No date.
Jobn Cooper, Mahetebel HalloweU, 31 July, 1803
John Ackerman, Van Cleif Fredericksburgh, 8 Aug., 1803
Simon Van Mare, Jinny Foster '^ 9 Aug., 1803
Samuel Wright, Kity Dougall HaUowen, 20 Sept., 1803
Timothy Prindle, Charlotte BeweD Marydmrgh, 22 Sept, 1803
Isaac Cole^ Margaret Casey Adolphustown, 29 Sept., 1803
Stephen Goldsmith, HalL; Elizabeth Hagerman.i9t(;ney, 10 Oct., 1803
Charles Bonesteel, Sidney; Deborah Row Murray, 13 Oct, 1803
Joseph Jane, Elizabeth Spencer Richmond, 14 Oct, 1803
Thos. D. Appleby, Fredericks.; Meriba Sdtme^Sophias., 14 Oct, 1803
John Dens, Farma Barker " 14 Oct, 1803
Jacob Finkle, Susanah Anderson Frederickdrwrgh, 3 Jan., 1804
Elisha Ames, Mary Ockerman '' 19 Jan., 1804
John H. Angel, Rebeckah Ellis HaOoweU, 26 Jan., 1804
Conrad Huffman, Jenny Shibley Emesttown, 6 Feb., 1804
Oliver Churdi, Mereta Clute Frederickdmrgh, 15 Feb., 1804
Wm. Rogers, Caty Elsworth EmesUoivn, 5 Feb., 1804
Wm. Van Fredenbur]^ Adolphus. ; Esther Prindle. .
Marydurgh, 14 Feb., 1804
•Philip Doriand wma electod to r<pr— ent Lennox and Prince Bdward in the first
Upper Canada Parliament, hut heins a Quaker, he refuaed to he ewom and the eeat
was declared vacant He wae Clerk at the first Town Meetins in Adolphustown,
Kareh f. 1192, which was prohahly the first of the kind held in Upper Canada.
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74 OITTABIO HIBTOBIOAL BOOIBTT.
Nicholas Lazier, Catharine Cogbum* . . .Sophiadmrgh, 9 May, 1804
Wilson Conger, HcMoweU; Sarah Oabum. . .Markham, 15 July, 1804
Wm. Boise, Maigret Comer EmeMown, 29 May, 1804
Benj. P. Stanton, Nancgr Palen HaUoweU, 17 Sept, 1804
John Stickney, Bebeca Barker Addphustown, 14 Oct, 1804
John Cuahen, Elizabeth Crea Marysburgh, 25 Dea, 1804
Thomas Stickney, Sarah Conner " 25 Dec, 1804
Elias Garrison, KaHiarine Van De WsLters. Fredericks., 26 Dec, 1804
John Trumpour, Elizabeth Dorland. . . .Adolphustown, 15 Jan., 1805
Elizabeth Adams, Mary Washburn HdOoweU, 15 Jan., 1805
Benj. Hubbs, HaBoweU; Sarah Way. . . .SopMashurgh, 11 Mar., 1805
Neil Aylsworth, Ernest.; Charlotte Jinks. . .HaUoweU, 11 Mar., 1805
Bonal Alexander, Lottxboraugh; Mary Budge. .jPre^f.^ 9 Apr., 1805
Samuel Blakely, HaUowell; Mary Caroline Smith
Ma/rysburgh, 15 Apr., 1805
James Blakely, widower, HaUoweU; Mary Smith,
widow MaryAurgh, 29 Apr., 1805
Stephen Brown, Fredericks.; Kachael SooU.Campden, 16 May, 1805
Harry Spafford, Margret Piatt. HdOoweU, 26 May, 1805
Joseph Battan, Ally Canniff .Fredericksburgh, 8 June, 1805
Chas. Stuart, Mary Boss Kingston, 18 May, 1805
John Bowerman, Mary BedeU HaVLoweU, 5 June, 1805
Silas Babcock, Eunie Irish Emesttovm, 9 June, 1805
Heniy Hutchins, Lucina Bebins '^ 25 June, 1805
Peter Parry, Mary McDaniel , . " 25 June, 1805
Absolom Loveless, Harriet Boblin Sophiatburgh, No date.
Samuel Hays, Elizabeth Hills HaUoweU, 17 Sept., 1805
Samuel Ward, Elizabeth Smith Emesttown, 17 Sept, 1805
Samuel McTaggert, Mary Foster. . . .Fredericksburgh, 25 Sept, 1805
Daniel Sole, Ernest.; Martha Huntley '^ 26 Sq^t, 1805
Barnard Bougard, Marys.; Phebe Palmeteer. .Adolph., 8 Oct, 1805
Nicholas Peterson, AdolpKus.; Mary Dunham. .Fred., 16 Oct, 1805
John Bell, Katharine Sharp Emesttown, 24 Oct, 1805
John Wey, Caroline Fox 8ophia>ti>urgh, 17 Nov., 1805
Isaac Smith, Jean BedeU HaUoweU, 19 Nov., 1805
Hazelton Walker, Katharine Ferguson. . . .Emesttown, No data
Henry Thorpe, Elizabeth IngersoU. . . Frederick Aurgh, 1 Dec, 180Si
Bichard PrincQe, Jane Prindle ^ No date.
Jacob Shibley, Catharine Daly Emsstown, 9 Feb., 1806
David McWhirter, Marysburgh; Ursula
Van Alstine, widow Adolphustown, 13 Jan., 1806
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h'dOWAIX MAMMIABM BSOISTSB. 75
Koson HarriBy Elizabedi Maybee Addphudoton, 6 Jan., 1806
John Thompson, Tkudow; Maiy U. Smith Sidnetf, 18 Feb., 1806
James Farl^, Sidney; Deborah Dorland. . .Adolphus., 2 Mar., 1806
Heniy Babcock, Elizabeth Brown EfTieMovm, 22 Nov., 1806
^Samuel Dorland, Jane 'Hxijak Adolphuitown, 12 Apr., 1806
Jacob Dedor, Catharine Detlor Frederidcsbturgh, 17 Apr., 1806
Abraham Cronkrite, Eliza Tindle Kingston, 5 May, 1806
Thomas I. Dorland, Deborah Trfompour. Adolphuslown, No date.
Ales. McDonell, Sarah Pierce Marytbwrgh, 12 Aug., 1806
Panl Wri^t, Maiy Taylcw " 18 Aug., 1806
Griffith Howell, fifop&iCM.; Elizabeth Lozier ^' 6Sqpt, 1806
Bidiard Huff, Adolphus. ; Sophrone Snider ^^ 17 Sept, 1806
Wm. Olark, Bebecah Babcock Emedtown, 16 Sept, 1806
Aaron Byard, Ann Hawee Camden, 25 Sept, 1806
John Mason, Sophias.; Elizabeth Davis. . .Emesttown, 16 Nov., 1806
John Wright, Sarah North MaryOmrgh, 19 Nov., 1806
Samuel Ostrander, Elizabeth Collier " 27 Nov., 1806
Joseph Gunsoles^ Nancy Clark Frederieksburgh, 16 Dec, 1806
John Simeran, Elizabeth Loderwich Marysburgh 7 Jan., 1807
Ezra Buckbee, Mary Crawford " 26 Jan., 1807
Daniel B. Way, Abigail Jilea, widow. . • .Sophiasburgh, 8 Feb., 1807
Wm. Oudendyk, Mary Goldsmith HaUoweU, 9 Feb., 1807
John Stickle, Mary Smith Sydney, 22 Feb., 1807
Henry Van Dusen, Mary Huff Adolphustown, 27 Jan., 1807
Benj. Davis^ E!atharine Cushen Marysburgh. No date.
Beth Meacham, Elizabedi Simmons Thurlow, 12 Mar., 1807
Daniel Lewis, Camhden; Nancgr Welhnhee. Bichmond, 5 Apr., 1807
Ghisper Bower, Martha Preston Camhden, 5 Apr., 1807
Wm. Gumming, Mary Mcintosh Marysburgh, 21 Apr., 1807
John Parrot^ Elizabeth Finkle Emesttown, 3 May, 1807
tWm. Thatford Pruyn, Mary Chxirclli.Fredericksburgh, 8 Apr., 1807
Chaa Everett, Kingston; Sarah "EiKwiej. .Emesttown, 19 May, 1807
John Battan, Maiy Steel Adolphustown, 8 June, 1807
David P. Peterson, Katharine Brock. .Frederieksburgh, 18 June, 1807
John Walker, Mary Van Lewen Emesttown, 29 June, 1807
Peter Battan, Fanny Boblin Adolphustown, 7 July, 1807
John Ward, Christiana Hough Emesttown, 26 July, 1807
*H6 became Col. Samuel Dorland and took an active part In the war of 1818, and
was Ooloiiel of the Lennox MUltla tUl his death. He was the first white male child
bom in Adolphustown.
tThe parents of the late sheriff of Lennox and Addington, Oliver Thatford Pruyn,
and the late M. W. Pruyn, M.P., of Napanee
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76 ONTABIO HI8TOBIOAL 800nBl*Y.
Peter Brown, Clarinda Freeman EmesUown, 26 July, 1807
John JSedore^ Margret Thompson Camden, 2 Aug., 1807
John G. Clute, Sophias.; Jean Fraser Fredericks., 2 Aug., 1807
Abraham Wood, Lanah Davy Emesttawn, 81 Aug., 1807
James Cumming, HaiL; Ohristeen TrwaipourJLdolph., 11 Oct, 1807
Peter Van Cot> Mary Qerrow AmeUasburgh, 19 Oct, 1807
George Parliament, Mary McTaggert. . .Sophiasburgh, 20 Oct, 1807
Jos^h Loeee, Eliner Ockerman. .... .FrederiekAurgh, 27 Oct, 1807
Philip Embury, Martha Van Tassri. .Frederidcsburgh, 28 Oct, 1807
Henry Jacoby, Gertrude Hogedom Emesttown, 27 Dec., 1807
Timothy McGinnis, Amherst Is.; Elizabeth
Hortman " 28 Feb., 1808
Stej^en Ferrington, Susannah Bogers. . . .Mary^urgh, 28 Feb., 1808
Wm. Battan, Bebecah Angel, widow HaUoweU, 15 FdiK, 1808
Wm. Bogers, Maigret Lindsey .Fredericktburgh, 22 Max., 1808
John Ben, Eathame Hoffman ^^ 29 Mar., 1808
John Ham, Ernest.; Ester Bradshaw. " 10 Apr., 1808
John Jenkins, widower; Hanah Volkenbui^h, widow. .
Emesttown, 14 Apr., 1808
John Stuffel, Elenor Bogers Maryd>urgh, 17 Apr., 1808
*George Simmon, Fredericks.; Maiy (Jardineer.^m««*., 24 Itfay, 1808
Peter Oarl, Dolly Miller " .26 June^ 1808
Phillip Height^ Ann Dorland Adolphustown, 6 June, 1808
Ezekiel Palen, Mary Lane HdUoweU, 7 June, 1808
Wm. Parliament, Sophias.; Margret TSlAwnelt.Amelias., 7 July, 1808
Daniel B. Way, Sabra Foster SophUuburgh, 1 Aug., 1808
Philip Unger, Ann Demara Richmond, 22 Aug., 1808
Edward Ockerman, Meriam Qemaon.Fredericksbvrgh, "No date.
Wm. Pearce, Anna Winch Maaysburgh, 23 July, 1808
Henry Veley, Sarah Vanness Emesttown, 28 Aug., 1808
Bedell Dorland, Adolphus.; Sarah Booth. . " 6 Sept, 1808
Henry Jackson, HaUowell; Ann Grooms. Marysburgh, 7 Sept, 1808
John Lapperas, Sarah Bams, widow Kingston, 12 Sept, 1808
Jacob Cline, Fredericks.; Margaret Oar Camhden, 2 Oct, 1808
Bellyatte Outwater, Mary Clark Adolphvstown, 1 Nov., 1808
Peter Bightmire, Sophias.; Phebe Allison. . .HalloweU, 2 Nov., 1808
Thomas Clapp, Sarah Jacobs Fredericksburgh, 16 Nov., 1808
Nicholas Stickle, Sidney; Mary Atkinson, widow. . . .
Kingston, 17 Nov., 1808
•The ffrandparentB of Gilbert Parker, the popular novelSet and writer, now reeidlnff
In Bnsland.
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m'dOWAIX KABUAOX BBOIBTaB. 77
*8ainiifil Caaejy Adotphus., Synthe Sii9arp..Ef7ie§Ua%pn, 31 Nor., 1808
James Sliaw, Elizabeth Detkr PredericUbtuyh, 22 Nov., 1808
Benonia Bowerman, HattoweU; Bebdudi Hill. . Jforya, 8 Nov.» 1808
Jacob Hover, Adolpkus.; Marigpuet Steel. /SopJUcufriMisrA^, 28 Nov., 1808
tfitephen Niels, Sarah Flagler Adotphuatown, 29 Nov., 1808
Lattranoe Young, Jane Thompaon. . . .Frederiehburghj 15 Dee., 1808
Benjamin Loaee, Elizabeth Corner Emedtown, 19 Dee., 1808
Richard Ray, Raehael Hix " 18 Dec, 1808
John landsej, Mary Branta Prederidetburgh, 6 Dee., 1808
Peter Aaeelstine, Susannah Ball Emeslown, 1 Jan., 1809
John Van DeWatera, Sarah Clapp FrederickAurgh, 15 Mar., 1809
Edward Wri^t, Martha Pruyn Maryaburgh, 16 Mar., 1809
Qeo. Van Valkenbaigfa, EmeMown; Mary Bow^rman^
HaUoweU 20 Jan., 1809
Jacob Yonng, Anna Daviee Frederidcsburgh, 9 May, 1809
Zaoharias Stickle, Katharine Simmon (no locality) .... No date.
Wm. Gating, Rebeocah Redner EfTieMavm, 2 July,.1809
Jaa Van Devoit, Mary Meyers ; Sidney, 16 July, 1809
Enas McMnllen, Amherst /«.; Elinor Thie&lmrj. Ernest., 10 Ang., 1809
John Park, Anna Rockwood Frederiehiburgh, 14 Aug., 1809
Joseph Chatterson, Sophiah Eerlin EmeMown, 29 Ang., 1809
John Cronk Emedtovm; Sarah YermAitLLaughboraugh, 5 Oct., 1809
Jonas Amey, Elizabeth Boice EmeeHovm, 5 Oct., 1809
Jacob Finkle, Hannah Peterson Sidney, 29 Oct, 1809
Henry Bower, Charity Fiymour Fredericktburgh, No date.
Godfrey 8noo^ Hannah Hngfaston Laughabturgh, 2 Nov., 1809
Wm. Teachout, Sarah Shirtlif Emesttovm, 6 Nov., 1809
Benj. Booth, fme^.;. Katharine Dorland. .Adolphue., 9 Nov., 1809
Peter Asselstine, Barbara Car EmeMown, 27 Aug., 1809
Henry Sharp, Elizabeth Dafoe Frederickdmrgh, 1 Nov., 1809
Wm. PhiUips, Elizabeth Rickley " 21 Nov., 1809
Timothy Standiff, Loboro* ; Jane Oampbel. .Kingston, 27 Nov., 1809
Barrant Cutwater, Adclphus.; Elizabeth Van Valken-
burg Emesttown, 14 Nov., 1809
Freman Burly, Mary Neil " 31 Oct, 1809
Elijah Hough, Elizabeth Everson " 5 Nov., 1809
Jacob Meyers, Sarah Storing " 6 Nov., 1809
*He was afterward* ILP.P. for Lennox and Addln^ton In the old Ui>per Canada
Parltament, and a prominent oAoer In the Xllltla.
tHe became M.P.P. for Mlddleeez county and the founder of Nileetown. near
liondon, Ont.
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78 ONTABIO HI8T0BI0AL 800IBTT.
Archibald Park, Nellie Bnink FrederickdmrgK 4 Dec, 1809
Peter Switzer, Rachael Butter. MwryAurgh, 20 Dec, 1809
Tho& Lloyd, Eachael Bush Fredetichtburghj 25 Dec, 1809
Wm. Wright^ Caty Moore " 20 Nov., 1809
John Peters, Ester Perry ^ Emesttown, — Feb., 1809
John Watscm, Janes Asselstine " — Jan., 1810
Martin L. Allen, Elizabeth O'Neil " —Jan., 1810
Stephen Bedford, Christiana Powers Mwryabvrgh, 13 Jan., 1810
Joseph Qaston, Anna Hawley Ernedtown, 20 Jan., 1810
Jason Jackson, Fredericks.; Mary WortmBXL. Kingston, 28 Jan., 1810
John Ohatterson, Polly Bay Emesttown, 23 Jan«, 1810
*John Singleton, Margaret Caniff Adolphudown, 3 Feb., 1810
John Scriver, Elizabeth Lord Fredericktburgh, 3 Feb., 1810
Tobias Lewis^ Bachael Babcock Camden, ^ 1810
John Dunis^ Eve Hazard Fredericksburgh, 1 Jan., 1810
Arch'd Car, Richmond; Dorothy Thomas. EmesHown, 18 Jan., 1810
John Perry, Caty Abrahams " ^ 1810
Bostian Simmon, Mariah Simmon (no place given) ... 15 Mar., 1810
Cornelius Qunsolos, Isabella lE^mYnaj .Fredericktbvrgh, — Max., 1810
James McTaggart, Phebe Wey (no place given) ...... — Feb., 1810
John SpafPord, Sarah Carscallen Cambden, 8 Mar., 1810
Wm. Church, Mariah Nash Fredericksburgh, 11 Mar., 1810
John Toby, Hannah Van Dusen Adolphugtown, 19 Mar., 1810
Peter Lazier, Jane Somes Sophiasbuirgh, 26 Mar., 1810
Caleb Garrison, Lydia Somes '' 26 Mar., 1810
Henry Dellenback, Katharine Carscallen. . . .Camden, 1 April, 1810
Burger Huydc, Phebe Clapp Adolphustown, No date.
Nathaniel Davy, Anna Storms EmesUown, 7 Aug., 1810
John Baymcmd, Livinia Walker " 3 April, 1810
David H. Delong, Sally Cole Adolphustown, 31 Mar., 1810
John Van Annan, Sof^iah Brass Emesttown, 15 Nov., 1810
Abraham Taylor, Abagil Bell Fredericksburgh, 16 April, 1810
AlH*aham Dafoe, Rachael Holcomb Richmond, 2 Mar., 1810
John Keller, Sally Hazard Fredericktburgh, 24 April, 1810
Orrin Ranney, Caroline Douglas (widow) Adolphustown, ^ 1810
John Blum, Fredericks,; Harriet Falps. . .Emesttown. No date.
Job Dunham, Elizabeth Jacobs Fredericksburgh, 10 May, 1810
John Van Dusen, Sophias.; Mary Armstrong. Pori^an^, 16 May, 1810
Bishop Hannah, Sarah Oamahan Adolphustown, 29 May, 1810
Samuel Henderson, Adolphus.; Rachael Allen. .Marys., 5 June, 1810
*The first Postmaster at Brlfirhton. Ont, a position he held for mansr years.
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h'bowaix kabuaox vmotumm. 19
Philip McGnth, — BtmiB Matyaburgh, 5 JxmBf 1810
George Benn, Suaanah Mitts Emsttawn, IS June, 1810
Aidiibald Eating, Mary MoEim '' S8 June, 1810
Daniel Abby, Hannah Gordinier " 11 June, 1810
Samuel Martin, Debrah Bdl (no place given) 7 May, 1810
Joflhua Giyadale, Sidney; Jane OYercocker^fTieMatpn, — Jnly^ 1810
George Rowae, Mary Shibley " 81 July, 1810
Patrick Morgan, Thuriow; Agnes NichohoaJ'redericks., No date.
Henry Gole, Adolphua.; Raohael AbrahamaJ7rfi^<oim, 18 Sept, 1810
Jchn Brown, Sarah Sager " 8 Sept, 1810
John Windover, Lois Prindle Richmond, 18 Sept, 1810
Bobert Nicholscm, Anna M. Banley. .PrederiMburgh, No data
John J(^msan, Rachael Gook Camden, 14 Got, 1810
Lot Bew,0^n«.,i^.F.; Elizabeth Hagernuuuii(;o{p&«««., 13 Got, 1810
Kidiard Grooms, Polly Benedict Richmond, 36 Nov., 1810
Benjamin Salisbury, Elizabeth TniiiikJ^-edericMturgh, 37 Nov., 1810
John Watson, Jane Asselstine Emesttown, 3 Dec, 1810
Jdbn Phillips, Mary Dafoe FrederickAwrgh, — Dec, 1810
RuliphPurdy,^m«se.; Deborah Gilbert (widow) .5irfn«y, 8 Jan., 1811
Daniel Bidwell, Mary Whiting Adolfhutiown, 1 Feb., 1811
Titus Simmons, Elizabeth Sharp (no place given) .... — Feb., 1811
Michael Vincent^ Lana Oouleman Emedtown, , 1811
WiUiam Shults, Mary Irish '' 10 Feb., 1811
WnL Woodard, Katharine Homing Kingston, 25 Mar., 1811
James Van Alstine, Hannah Loncks. .Prederich^urgh, 1 Mar., 1811
Adam Van Valkenburgh, Anna Dimond ^' 2 April, 1811
Wm. Babcodc, Anna Felps (no place given)^ 16 Dec, 1810
John Barry, Mary Boice Emesttown, 2 April, 1811
Samuel Martin, Debrah Ball " 7 April, 1811
Thos. McBride, Mary Detlor Predericksburgh, 11 June, 1811
Hyel Sanderson, Mary Sager Richmond, 11 June, 1811
John Frederick, Elizabeth Peterson. . . . Adolphustovm, 6 June, 1811
Peter Cane, Elizabeth Burly Emesttown, 28 May, 1811
John Clark, Rachael Stover " 12 June, 1811
David Amey, Hannah Boice " 5 April, 1811
Conrade Crugle, May Cole MaryAvrgh, 12 Mar., 1811
Joseph Trumpour, Lydia Dorland Adolphustown, 19 Mar., 1811
JoeejA Smith, Phila Fiak Emesttown, 25 Mar., 1811
Jethro Jackson, Predericks.; Mary Wortman.JTtti^^on, 28 Jan., 1811
Tryel Sanderson, Maiy Sager Richmond, 11 June, 1811
Aidiibald Cami^U, Barbary Sager ** 8 Aug., 1811
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80 ONTARIO HIBTOBICAL SOCIETY.
Adam Van Winckle, Mary Boioe EmesUown, 29 Aug.^ 1811
Benjamin Van Windde, Ennioe Hartman. . ^^ 30 Aug., 1811
John MoGrath, Dorothy Beni^art Maryti)ijurgk, 19 Aug., 1811
Alex. Parrangh, Hannah More EtTiesttown, 1 Sept., 1811
Jacob Shibley, Catharine Fralick. " 2 Sept, 1811
John Windover, Lois Prindle Bichmcnd, 18 Sept, 1811
John QuackaibuBh, Oatharine J^HXixinhJ^redencksburgh, 24 Sept, 1811
Andrew Norton, Mary Jones Richmond, 3 Oct, 1811
James Bradshaw, Mary Ben Fredericktburgh, 24 Oct, 1811
Leonard Boss, Sophia Davis (no place given) 29 Oct, 1811
Jean B. Brenanlt> Elizabeth McDonall. . .Maryaburgh, 25 Ang., 1811
Henry Hagerman, Sidney; Tabitha GhifpAdolphugtown, 6 Nov., 1811
Wm. Woodward, Cadiarine Homing Kingston, 25 Mar., 1811
Joseph Hazard, Martha Barker (no place given) 19 Nov., 1811
Joseph Gaston, Anna Hawley Emesttown, 21 Jan., 1811
William German, Catharine Outwater. . J.^{p&ti^oiim., 2 Oct, 1811
Elijah KeUog, Hannah Harris Fredericktiburgh, 20 Jan., 1811
John Singleton, Thurlow; Margaret GHjmiS.Adolphu8., 3 Feb., 1811
Titus Simmons, N. Y. Stale; Eliz'th Bhscrp^mesttown, 5 F^, 1811
John Asselstine, Mary Amey " 20 Feb., 1812
Joshua Anderson, Lucinda Deible (no place given) — ^Jy 1811
^Simeon Washburn, Deborah Trumponr (no place) ... 11 Dec, 1811
Sam'l Van Devort, Sidney; Catharine TL&BB^meiiUmn, 8 Jan., 1812
Amos Scott, Margaret Smith FredericJeshurgh, 6 Jan., 1812
John Cougfanent, Catharine Showman. '^ 6 Jan., 1812
Ira Smith, Philomela Smith Emesttown, 2 Jan., 1812
Josiah White, Caty Ciysdale Sidney, 12 Jan., 1812
Daniel Batan, Bhoda Hate Adolpfuuiown, 16 Jan., 1812
Abraham Stimus, Rachael Brown Thwiow, 6 Jan., 1812
John Dingman, Marys.; Susanah Ybh DuBeiLAdclphus., 27 Jan., 1812
Seibley Taft> Oatharine Wees Murray, 31 Jan., 1812
Abraham Fry, Jean Lorway Fredericksburgh, 4 Feb., 1812
Qeoi^ Huffinan, Barbara Fretz " 4 Feb., 1812
David Wey, Gennett Chiahohn SopJUaOmrgh, 11 Feb., 1812
Elijah Kellog, Debrah Prindle Fredericksburgh, 14 Feb., 1812
Alex. Boss^ Margaret Williams '^ 2 Mar., 1812
Abraham Dafoe, Bacdiael Holcomb Richmond, 2 Mar., 1812
Jacob Mitts, Jane Car Fredericksburgh, 6 Mar., 1812
^Later <m he became the Hon. Slmeoii Waahbum, a member of the old U. C.
Legislative Council, a leadlnr merehant at Plcton, and a Oovemment Commlsaloner
for roada between Van Alatlne'e ferry, now Glenora, and Canrlng Place In 18S0.
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H'dOWAIX 1CABBL40B JOOIBTXB. 81
JaoDb Howelly Catharine Fox Sophiaaburgh, 8 Mar., 1813
John Gkuritse, Bachael Ferguaon — HdUaweU, 4 Mar., 1813
Jdm Cole, PatianB Ferguseon " 4 Mar., 1813
Peter Sti(^e, Margaret &nith Saphiofburgh, 30 Mar., 1813
John Everett^ Kingston; Margaret Wallbridge
Ameli<uburgh, 30 Jan., 1812
Lambert Van Alstine, Margaret Maden. . .Emesttownj 7 April, 1812
Nicholas Bowen, Elizabeth Haynee Camden, 27 April, 1812
John Jenkins, Suaanah Brown EtTiesttown, 3 Mar., 1812
Shnrael Foster, Phebe Canniff Thwiow, 19 May, 1812
Peter Switzer, Elizabeth Rattan Marydmrgh, 18 May, 1812
Jos. Oaverley, Thwhw; Catharine WortmanJTtti^^OfS 10 June, 1812
Frederick York, Denehey See EmeMown, 23 June, 1812
Tunis Snook, Catharine Wartman Kingston, 31 July, 1812
Jean B. Benaalt, Elizabeth McDonall Marifsburgh, 25 Aug., 1812
John Armstrong, Patty Stoutcliff Lovhorough, 21 Mar., 1812
Peter Holmes, Catharine Strape Mtuysburgh, 10 May, 1812
Qeorge Huffman, Barbara Fretz (no place given) 30 Sept, 1812
Lewis Mineur, Lydia Cole Isabel (no place given) 10 Aug., 1812
Jcim Zimmerman, Mary E. Fodwich. .EUzdbethtown, 3 May., 1812
JcAn Park, Caty Brunk PrederickOnirgh, 13 Oct, 1812
Peter Huff, Fourth Tp.; Ann Hoald. .Fifth TownOUp, 3 Sept, 1812
Wm. Martin, Nancy OTTeil Second Township, 31 Aug., 1812
James Stalker, Hester Booth " 15 Nov., 1812
Samuel Watson, Ester Bennett Fourth Township, 22 Oct, 1812
Thoa Yams, Third Tp.; Martha Cronk. . .Second Tp., 29 Oct, 1812
Nicholas Woodcock, Caty Parks Fredericksburgh, 19 Jan., 1813
James Locy, Mary Garrison " 16 Feb., 1818
George Demore^, Patience Howard. . . .Sophiatburgh, 2 Mar., 1813
Bradford Wood, Jemima Pomeroy Emesttovm, 10 Mar., 1818
Humphrey Smith, Elizabeth Alberson Kingston, 16 June, 1813
Peter Boss^ Christiana Jerolemy (no place given) 30 Aug., 1813
Samuel Soott, Hannah Bower Camden, 11 July, 1813
Edward Loyd, Dorothy Caldwell (no place given) 16 July, 1813
Jacob Hand, Martha McTaggert Sophiadmrgh, 20 July, 1813
Rdbert Jones, SophiaOmrgh; Eliza Wilbert. .HaUoweU, 20 July, 1813
Jacob Post^ Mary Quackenbush Fredericksbturgh, 22 July, 1818
Sdtm Pierqr, Ernesttown; Jane Post. " j 1818
John H. Young, Badiael Splicer HaUoweU, 5 Sept, 1813
Mathew German, Margaret Smith (no place given) . . .13 Sept, 1818
John Young, Mary Young (no place given) 28 Sept, 1813
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88 OKTABIO HIBTOBIOAL 800ISTT.
Conrad Sumnon, Eliz'th Van De W9AeT.Prederickan^K 9 1818
William Bedell, Peggy Bedell (no place given) 2 Dee., 1818
Luke Barratt, Lohoro'; Peggy Frett Emeritown, ^ 1818
John Loyd, Elizabeth Fralidc Fredmidcsburgh, 'No date.
John Richards, Sally Stafford (no place given) 1 Nov., 1813
Samnel Lapp, Katharine Eeller .Emesttown, 4 April, 1818
John Metcalf, Abigail Washburn (no place given) .... 8 Jan., 1814
James Shoreland, Margaret England (no place given) . 1 Feb., 1814
Norria Switzer, Martha Collier Marytiburgh, 2 Feb., 1814
Benjamin York, Joan Hayes Camden, 7 Feb., 1814
Elijah Storms, Sarah Ranons Marysburgh, 7 Feb., 1814
Christopher Young, Lana Kellar. . . .FrederieJcsburgh, 6 Feb., 1814
Samuel Neilson, Isabel Bell .Emesttown, 2 Mar., 1814
Daniel Lee, Sarah Walker " 17 Mar., 1814
Enoch Bedell, Sarah Casey Addphuetawn, 5 Mar., 1814
Oliver Crowes, Freds.; Mary tester. . .Ide of Tante, No data
Isaac MouTBon, Mary Spnmg • . .Sophiashurgh, 20 Mar., 1814
Reuben Preston, Helen Palen .HaUowea, 21 Mar., 1814
Thos. S. Wood, Fanny Pecins Emesttown, 27 Mar., 1814
Henry Kimmerly, Richmond; Marg. Fretz. Fredericks., 27 Mar., 1814
David Stinson, Bachael Young HdOoweU, 29 Mar., 1814
Robert Grimmon, Rebeocah Rattan " 29 Mar., 1814
Gideon Rogers, Catharine Lindsay Marysburgh, 29 Mar., 1814
Alex. Hannah, Hannah Tyler FredericJcsbvrgh, 30 Mar., 1814
— RusseD, HaHowell; Elinor Wilson. . .Sophiasburgh, 12 April, 1814
Jeremiah Lapp, Hamilton; Sarah Perry. .Emesttown, 14 April, 1814
John Caten, Maiy Snider " 19 April, 1814
Jeremiah David, Rebeccah Powley Kingston, 8 May, 1814
Jas. Shorland, Kingston; Charlotte England, Adolphus, 4 Jan., 1814
Abraham Prindle, Margaret T>\moni.Fredericlcf^urgh, 20 May, 1814
John Van Horn, Adolphus.; Meirj Davenport. fl^op&ww., 31 May, 1814
David Hughston, Loboro' ; Catharine Buok. .Kingston, 31 July, 1814
Gideon Roger, Catharine Lindsay Ogdensbvarg, 27 Mar., 1814
James Thompson, Rebeccah Spafford HaJhwell, 14 July, 1814
John Walters, Lucy Thompson " 16 Nov., 1814
Daniel Dexter, Hepsey Collins Emesttown, 22 Nov., 1814
David Van Valkenburg, Jane Williams. . . " 5 Dec., 1814
Ales. Van Burgham, Nancy Jacobs HaBoweU, 12 Dea, 1814
Benj. Boice, Hannah Stover Emesttown, 13 Oct, 1814
Albert Meikle, Mary Ferris Kingston, 31 July, 1814
David York, Richmond; Peggy Scott Camden, 26 Feb., 1815
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m'dOWAIX MAMMUam BBOISTBt. 88
Gilbert Somes, Sophias.; Oatharine Kimmefrij.Bich'd., 16 Feb., 1814
BBnTy8mder,AmeUa8.;09Jih$iiDeQ^^ 20 Mar., 1814
Peter Bower, Camden; Deborah Brown. . . .Richmond, 27 Febw, 1815
Jacob Van Alstine, Maigaret J<mee ^* 20 Mar., 1815
James Hart> Subry Hawlej Prederickaburgh, 7 Feb., 1815
Wm. Caldwell, AbigaU Boioe. EmesUown, 80 April, 1815
David Yoimg, Nanc^ Stinsoii HaUoweU, 14 Mar., 1815
PetOT Detlor, Mary Grant Fredericktiburgh, 19 April, 1815
David Babeock, PoDy Tryan Emesltown, 27 April, 1815
Thomas Fairman, ThuHow; Anna 'HuSmtaLFrederieks., 21 April, 1815
Benjamin Davison, Mary Moer Adolphustown, 23 April, 1815
Michael Dafoe, Sarah Ackerman. . . .Frodefiektimrgh, 28 Mar., 1815
Thos. Carson^ Marys.; Phebe Van J)ij^Beai.Adolphustown, 11 June, 1815
Ernest H. Snider, Demechy Ranoas Marytimrgh, 15 Jnne, 1815
Wm. Sills, Hannah Fralick Frederieksburgh, 18 June, 1815
Patrick More, Elizabeth Oi^erman. . . .Adolphuutoum, 8 July, 1815
Card Draper, Mary Seager Richmond, 12 July, 1815
PetOT Baker, Dorothy Miller Emedtown, 2 May, 1815
John Van Horn, Mary Davenport Sophia^ywrgh, 81 May, 1815
Abraham Prince, Margaret Dimond. .Fred&ricktinurgh, 21 May, 1816
Neil Gonld, Sarah Brown Richmond, 2 June, 1815
John Jay, JSlizabeth Mory Emesttovm, 21 June, 1818
David Pringle, Hannah B. Oliver Camden, 21 July, 1815
Lewis Fralidc, Catharine Johnscm EmeMown, 25 July, 1815
Jacob Bomboui^, Freda.; Catharine Milligan. Camden^ 12 Aug., 1815
John Van Houghton, Kingston; Delilah Qmnk. Ernest., 6 Sept, 1815
Orrin Ranney, Caroline Douglass Adolphustown, 15 Dec, 1815
Martin Hsk, Janie Pruyn Emesttown, 81 Dea, 1815
Peter Simmons, Lany Sills Frederidcsburgh, 22 Sept, 1815
Chas. Alger, HaUoweU; Sophia BenBoa. Adolphustown, 14 Nov., 1815
Jonathan Philips^ Eleanor Bdl Fredeiieksburgh, 5 Dec, 1815
Peter Baker, Dorothy Mffler Emesttown, 14 Dec, 1815
Demiis Hogan, Lucretia Waggoner (no place) 21 June, 1818
Elisha Martin, Thankful Babeock (no pkce) 6 June, 1818
Wm. Clow, Elizabeth Davy Emesttown, 11 Aug., 1816
Henry Dingman, Sarah Snider Marysburgh, 1 July, 1818
J<An Richards^ — SpafFord HaOoweU, 1 Nov., 1812
Peter Thomas^ Ann Barrant (no place) 18 Aug., 1818
Paul Clapp, Margret Van Horn Adolphustown, 1 Jan., 1816
(George Hill, Luk^ Minacer Marytburgh, 15 Jan., 1816
Nathan Ji^mson, Ann Qeorge Emesttown, 7 Jan., 1816
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84 ONTABIO HI8TOBIOAL 800ISTT.
Cornelius Alcombrae, Mary Ann Mitta^Frederichsburgh, 10 Jan., 1816
Chas. Minaker, Ann Hill Marjfburgh, 15 Jan., 1816
ArcL Benedict^ Hannah Prindle Frederieksbturgh, 16 Jan.^ 1816
James McTaggart, Phebe Way (no place) 2 Feb., 1816
Pred'k Bell, Fredericks. ; Sarah Fralid:. . .Emesttaum, 8 Feb., 1816
(Jeo. Fisher, Content Cotton FredericJcshurgh, 7 Mar., 1816
John Canniff, Nejicj Dulmage Adolphustown, 19 Mar., 1816
Benjamin Mitts, Mary Aloomhrajck. .Frederick^burgh, 20 April, 1816
Wm. Burley, Hester Lee Emesttown, 14 Aug., 1818
Joshua Anderson, Lucretia Dewitt (no place) 11 Aug., 1811
Baptiste Perrault^ Elizabeth McDonald. . .Marj/sburgh, 25 May, 1811
Jeiemiah Lapp, Sarah Perry (no place) 20 April, 1816
Edward Huyck, Elizabeth Gennan Adolphvstawn, 29 Jan., 1817
John Cannif, Nancy Dulmage ^^ 19 Mar., 1816
Samuel Dorland, Susan Henderson " 1 May, 1816
Nathan Parks^ Freds.; Anna Dimond. . .8ophia$burgh, 14 May, 1816
John Hardolph, Debrah Wager FrederickOmrgh, 26 May, 1816
Isaac McLaughlin, Ruth Johnston Emesttown, 26 May, 1816
Isaac Jackwith, Mary Rose " 26 May, 1816
Philip Hast, Elizabeth Dota " 27 May, 1816
Jacob Kimmerly, Richmond; Charity Bower. Camden, 26 June, 1816
James Foster, Tabby Dorland Adolphustovm, 2 July, 1816
Parker Smith, Emesttown; Rebecca Smith. .PorOand, 9 July, 1816
W. P. Luvan, Hannah Hortman Emesttown, 17 July, 1816
John Roblin, Sarah Snider Thurlow, 25 July, 1816
Wm. Clow, Elizabeth Davy Emesttown, 11 Aug., 1816
Eli Baboock, Caty Snider, " 12 Aug., 1816
John Rightmyer,fi^op&«a&; Mary Parks Fre^fencX^s&urgrJ^^ 16 Oct, 1816
John Bamhart, Freds.; Sarah Clark. . .Adolphustown, 26 Dec, 1816
John Rogers, Mary Dimond Marysbvrgh, 15 Mar., 1816
Jacob Roblin, Sarah Vandusen Adolphustown, 7 Aug., 1816
James Cummings, Mary Young Emesttown, 5 Aug., 1816
Gasper Bower, Martha Preston .Camden, 22 Aug., 1816
John Frier, Susannah N. Kinsley HaUoweU, 2 Sept, 1816
James Phillips, Catharine Oliver Fredericksburgh, 3 Sept., 1816
St^hen Montgomery, Mary Snider Emesttown, 8 Sept., 1816
Wm. Tuttle, Ernest.; Malinda 'SAwlej.Fredericksburgh, 9 Sept, 1816
Bryan Crawford, Elizabeth Loyd " 18 Sept, 1816
Anthony Denee, Catharine Asselstine. . . .Amherst Ide, 16 Sept., 1816
Moses Jacobs, Marget Harlow Sophiatbiurgh, 25 Sept, 1816
Anthony Russell, Amy Raymond Emesttown, 7 Oct, 1816
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m'dOWALL MABBIAOB BBaiSTKE. 85
John Campbell, Ldbaro*; HaiiTiah BidmcJl. Kmedtown, 4 Nov., 1816
David Wri^t, Marys. ; Elizabeth 'SooYerJLdclphulown, 9 Nov., 1816
Wm. Windover, Richmond; Mary Peterson, Frederiek$., 26 Nov., 1816
Sohmon Johna, Maria Finkle Both, 2 June, 1816
Henry Yandna^i, Hannah Hortman Emeattovm, 6 April, 1816
Bishop Hannah, Sarah Cornelius. . . .Prederidcsburgh, 18 Nov., 1816
Mathias Switzer, Elincnr BeU Ca$nden, 9 Mar., 1817
Onj Henry Young, Susan Clark HaUoweU, 16 Mar., 1817
Wm. Lozier, Hannah Stickle aophtaOmrgh, 29 Mar., 1817
Jeremiah Buckley, Jane Thompson Camden, 25 Mar., 1817
Daniel Wri^t^ Charlotte Smith MaryOn^rgh, 28 Feb., 1817
Peter iffoQw^d, Sarah M. Kingey " 12 Apr., 1817
Jesse Puidy, Kingston; Mariah Card EmeMown, 26 Ajm:., 1817
Nidiolas Snider, Susanah Fiyan ^^ 28 Apr., 1817
Solomon Barrager, Badiad I^ng Camden, 7 May, 1817
James Hart, Anna Dusenbury (no place given) 7 May., 1817
Israel Ferguson, Sebeccah Alley HaOoweU, 21 May, 1817
Samuel Sohnes, Eloner Cotter Sophiatbwgh, 22 May, 1817
John Aiihart, Margret Bowen Camden, 7 June, 1817
Jasper Fretz, Leonora Huffman Frederieksburgh, 28 July 1817
GhristojAer Peteraon, Polly Dingman " 29 July, 1817
Samuel Brown, Lydia Peters EmesHown, 4 Aug., 1817
Asa Richardson, Hannah Bowen Frederieksburgh, 17 Aug., 1817
Wnu Bartles, Mary Carscallen Camden, 14 Sept, 1817
J(^ Shorts, Susannah Loudcs Sophiatburgh, 22 Sept, 1817
Wm. Young, Margret Stinson HdOoweU, 6 Oct, 1817
Amcdd Armour, Ann Hoffman Frederidcsburgh, 20 Oct, 1817
Jas. Peterson, Fredericks. ; Mary Howard " 4 Nov., 1817
Thos. McEom, Susanah Hoffman Richmond, 15 Nov., 1817
Jesse Wells, Isabell Hawley .EmesHown, 28 Nov., 1817
Jacob Fry, Elizabeth Hoffman Fredericktimrgh, 81 Nov., 1817
John Simeon, Mary Young " 1 Dec, 1817
Robert Mac, Christina Keller Marysburgh, 1 Dec, 1817
RichU Ferrington, May Keller " 1 Dec, 1817
Jno. Shannon, Camden; Symantha Smith Oyerton, same, 3 Dec, 1817
Gilbert Clapp, Mary Roblin Adolphustown, 3 Dec, 1817
Geo. Fraser, Mary Vandusen .Sophiasburgh, 2 Dec, 1817
Willett Potter, Mary Davis Frederieksburgh, 16 Dec, 1817
Isaac Bell, Catharine Barrager Richmond, 10 Dec, 1817
Joseph Rancier, Kingston; Rachael Randier, Loborough, 1 Jan., 1818
J(^ Joy, Elizabeth Morey (no place given) 21 June^ 1818
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86 OHTABIO HI8TOBIOAL 0OOUBTT.
Elisha Martin, Thankful Baboock Frederiehiburgh, 8 June, 1818
Dennis Hogan, Luoretia Waggoner (no place given) ... 21 June, 1818
Henry Dingman, Marysburgh; Sarah Snider (no place) 1 July, 1818
Peter Thomas, Anna Barnard (no place given) 18 Aug., 1818
William Binlaj, Heeter Lea (no place given) 5 Jan., 1818
J(^ Cornelius, Levina Woc^dooiik. . .Frederiekeburgh, 8 Jan., 1818
George Westfall, EUy W. Myers Sidney, 16 Dec, 1818
Samuel Thompson, Eve Merrett Fr&derieJcsburgh, 5 Feb., 1818
Wm. Thompson, ComeKa Beatty " 27 Jan., 1818
Orrin Jackson, Tenth town.; Maiy Lard Camden, 9 Feb., 1818
Joshua Waters, Maiy Ogden (no place given) 24 Feb., 1818
William Airhart, Sager Richmond, 8 Feb., 1818
Straututs Sager, Sally Jones " 8 Feb., 1818
Jacob Steel, Elizabeth Cole Frederichgburgh, 26 Feb., 1818
Josiah Spencer, Sarah Baker HdOoweU, 28 Feb., 1818
James Toy, Sarah Yoemans Richmond, 23 Jan., 1818
Abraham Woodoodc,£o&oro; Hannah Oard, Emesttown, 6 Feb., 1818
John Woodoo<i, Lohoro; Hetty Clark " 6 Feb., 1818
Wm. Reid, ThuHow; Phebe Boice Kingston, 18 Mar., 1818
Ely Bladget, Elizabeth Granger Emedtown, 5 Dec., 1818
Adam Croonly, ElizabeHi Lazier HaUoweU, 25 Dea, 1818
Geo. Biggers, Mary Homes Camden, 21 Dec., 1818
John Lane, Evy Richards EaOoweU, 28 Apr., 1818
Peter Sharp, Hannah HufiPman Frederichgburgh, 28 Dec., 1818
William Lewis, Elizabeth Bowers Richmond, 23 Mar., 1818
John Mastin, a Ooiporal of the Sappers and Miners of
Kingston; and Sarah Strachan, of Fredericksburgh, 8 Nov., 1818
Jonathan Allen, Elizabeth Blackman Kingston, 1 Jan., 1818
John Warner, Elizabeth Howard " 31 May, 1818
Nicholas Smith, Maigret Sdbnaon. . . .Frederidcsburgh, 22 Mar., 1818
Elijah Allen, Ruth Hart Emesttown, 6 Mar., 1818
James Yannest, Elizabeth Card '' 24 Mar., 1818
Jacob Babcock, Mary Feeble '' 5 Apr., 1813
Wm. Scott^ Camden; Amardia Hawley. . .Fredericks., 23 Nov., 1818
Cornelius Van Horn, Ana Caniff. . .« . .Adolphustown, 1 Sept, 1818
Zebe Babco<^, Sally Snider Emesttown, 18 Oct, 1818
Wm. S. Williams, Sophias.; Hannah Hams, Frederidcs., 1 Apr., 1818
Simon Atthouse, Sarah Lake Emesttown, 17 Aug., 1818
Richard Lesart, Christian Esteltine '' 15 Sept, 1818
Peter Thomas, Ann Barnard " 16 Aug., 1818
Eliakim Van Valkinbnr^, Camden; Jane McPherson,
FrederiekAwgh, 25 May, 1818
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H^WAix ICABSUOB MaouenuL 87
Jolm Youmgy Maiy Young FredsrickAwrgh, 28 Sept^ 1818
Jacob Buflhlinder, Baohael YanneiB EmeMown, 13 Sept, 1818
Samnel Bay, Phebe Warner Firri townthip, 22 Sept, 1818
David Fraaer, Oloe McDonald (no place given) 22 Sept, 1818
David Oamm, Suaanah Chatterson EmeMown, 29 July, 1818
Jdin Winn, Olive Benn Fird townMp, 10 Dec., 181S
Jolm McOrath, Anna Woodcock FrederidcOmrgh, 1 Sept, 1818
Sheldon Hawley, Esther Walker Second townthip, 22 Mar., 1818
William Bowen, Catharine jyemoreet.Fredefick^burgh, 29 Mar., 1818
Afaner Wood, Sabine Didsort (no place given) 30 Apr., 1818
Joeeph Orooma, Bebecah Mdntoah Maryiburgh, 7 Oct, 1818
Thixnas Lamb^ Charity Huff Sophiatbturgh, 20 Sept, 1818
Lewia Clement, Sarah Carol (no place given) 10 Oct, 1818
Everett De Witt, Kingston; Cath. Homing (no place) 29 Oct, 1818
Edward Loyd, Jane Mitts Frederiehburgh, 18 Oct, 1818
Allan McPher8on,Fre<2mdb.;Maiy Fisher, il^IpAiAa., 15^ 1818
Calvin Pier, Lydia Hill HaOowett, 20 Oct, 1818
James Spencer, Catharine Frets (no place given) 20 Oct, 1818
Joseph Chatterson, Fredericks.; Catharine Johnson,
BmesUown, 12 Oct, 1818
Sheldon Hawley, Esther Walker BmesHown, 8 Mar., 1818
Jcibn Egbert, Phebe Cutwater Adolpkustown, 22 July, 1818
John Mitzler, Malinda Loucka EmesUown, 15 Nov., 1819
Ctoorge Monro, Sophias.; Elenor Paloote, same place. . . 28 Oct, 1819
J(^ McTaggert, Mary Yan Sender. . . .Sophiasburgh, 17 Mar., 1819
Jcim Peterson, Mary McDonald Marysburgh, 10 Feb., 1819
Bichard Eiser, Elizabeth Keller Fredericksbwyh, 17 Feb., 1819
Jacob Cronkri^t, Elizabeth McOrath '' 25 Feb., 1819
Cyras Barly, Adnah M. Bandolph EmesUown, 22 Feb., 1819
David Chatterson, Betsy Windover Richmond, 20 Feb., 1819
Jacob Snider, Lydia Wright EmesUown, 2 Feb., 1819
Amey Card, Sarah Scott Camden, 18 Jan., 1819
Teter Wood, Meley Abrams Kingston, 23 JaiL, 1819
Asa Schammerhom, Lany Dimond Richmond, 18 Jan., 1819
Wm. Norman, Maiy Babcodc Kingston, 23 Jan., 1819
Geoi^ M<mroe, Almira Talcott Sophiasburgh, 25 Nov., 1819
Jacob Moore, Sarah Alexander EmesUown, 6 Nov., 1819
Albert Montine, Sophias.; Nancy Gibba. . .EmesUown, 18 Nov., 1819
Bobert Oliver, Rich.; Elizabeth Dunsmore, Lansdown, 1 Nov., 1819
DanTS. Way, fl^opfctaa.;Susanah Bristol.. J?r»ie««oii;n, 3 Oct, 1819
BatesKetrum,JJic^, l^tsy Potter. ..Frwferic*^^ 3 Oct, 1819
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86 OITTABIO HI8TOBIOAL BOODCTY.
Frederii* Peru, Elizabeth Graas KimgHon, 19 July, 1819
Alex. Robina, Hetibul Thutta EmsMown, 26 April, 1819
Joseph Files, Fredericks.; Deborah Martin " 23 Dec., 1819
Jos. Cutwater, Adolphus.; Bosanah Riddj, Fredericks., 21 Dec., 1819
Benj. Ajlsworth, Ernest.; Mary Simincms. .Emestown, 28 Sept., 1819
Charles Blanchard, Polly King Fredericksburgh, 10 Mar., 1819
Stephen Ferrington, Susannah Rogers. . . .Marytimrgh. 15 Mar., 1819
Jacob More, Sarah Alexander Emeslaum, 12 Nov., 1819
Michael Asselstine, Catharine Fraser " 7 Nov., 1819
3cim Sharp, Emestown; Van Horn. . • .Adolphustown, 22 Apr., 1819
Lewis Lucia, Mary Lewispan Amherst Ids, 1 Aug., 1819
James Bradshaw, Martha Cutwater. . . .Adolphustown, 1 Aug., 1819
Ceorge Sills, Elizabeth Bambough. . .Fredericksburgh, 1 May, 1819
Samuel Barnhart^ Maryann Sills '' 28 Sept, 1819
William Miller, Alida Sharp Emesttown, 20 Sept., 1818
Cynenus Stratton, Lansdown; Catharine Cliver. .Rich., 8 Mar., 1819
David Daily, Hannah Thomas Emestown, 11 Mar., 1819
David Boice, Emestown; Susanah Scriver, Fredericks., 11 Mar., 1819
Isaac Smith, Kingston; Sarah Babcod^ Emestown, 21 Mar., 1819
Andrew Loist, Elizabeth Pringle Richmond, 5 Apr., 1819
John McTaggert, Mary Van Sriver Sophiasburgh, 17 Mar., 1819
George McLeod, Catharine McGennis. . . .Amherst Isle, 28 Mar., 1819
Wm. Shewman, Margaret Lepboard Loborough, 15 Mar., 1819
Wm. E. Norman, Maiy Babco(& Kingston, 1 Mar., 1819
Simon Snider, Christiana Hortman Emestown, 16 Mar., 1819
Thomas Waldon, Hannah Potter Fredericksburgh, 20 Dec., 1819
John Ellis, Fanny Cliver Marysburgh, 12 Cct., 1819
Aron Sharp, Anny Vanvalkenbur;^ Camden, , 1819
Daniel Silver, Catharine Brown Emestown, 18 Dec, 1820
Ellis Kelly, Adna Sharp Fredericksburgh, 20 Jan., 1820
Russel Howard, Maiy Cannon Kingston, 25 Jan., 1820
Willet Ferres, Margret Grass " 26 Jan., 1820
Elles Eilba, Mada Sharp Emestown, 20 Jan., 1820
Wm. Turner, Sophia Minnaceh Fredericksbvrgh, 4 Jan., 1820
Nelson Worden, Jane Willet Kingston, 2 Jan., 1820
John C'Neil, Elizabeth Simmon Emestown, 20 May, 1820
Peter ComweU, Ernest.; Rachael Grant. .Fredericks., 26 June, 1820
Daniel Heagle, Lana Fretz Richmond, 1 Aug., 1820
Dimcan Van Alstine, Phebe Purdy Kingston, 5 June, 1820
Truman S. Clench, Eliza C. Cory Amelicuiburgh, 19 July, 1820
Isaac Asteltine, Maiy Keller Frederichburgh, 20 Mar., 1820
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m'dOWAIX KAXBIAOB UOI8TKE. 89
Lanard Baniard, Maigarefe Hon^. . .FreJkrickdmrgh, 1 May, 1820
Jcmas Bulya, Ann Bowen Richmond, 1 May, 18S0
Jacob Alihonse, Phebe Mattia Emedown, 2 Apr., 1820
Wm. Snider, Emestown; Daroa Boioe Lohoro', 20 Mar., 1820
Lyman Redden, Lohoro'; Sarah Dimond. . .EmeMown, 25 June, 1820
John Weano, Amy Perry " 7 Sept, 1820
Heniy McLamard, Mary McAwlay. .PrederieUburgh, 29 Dee., 1820
Wm. Wagw, Fredericks.; Elizabeth Hough, RuAmand, 6 Dec., 1820
Elijah Brown, Hannah Stafford Emedown, 4 Sept, 1820
Mathew Paterson, Sarah Waahbnm HattoweU, 21 Nof., 1820
GomelinB Hn^ison, Jeney Latmu»^. . . .Loughborugh, 12 Sept, 1820
Benjamin Marsh, Christina Wager. .FrederiMbwrgh, 13 Nov., 1820
John W. Sager, RuQ^; Chariot MoCumber, Fredericks., 16 Not., 1820
George Drewrey, Eeziah Boblin Saphiaeburgh, 20 Nov., 1820
Richard Abbey, Jane Oilchrist Emestovm, 27 Nor., 1820
Andrew Quac^enbush, Catharine Forsbee. .Fredericks., 7 Deo., 1820
John Walker, Eve Davy Emeslown, 17 Dec, 1820
Hnghflon Walker, Susanah Ball " 17 Dec, 1820
Peter Mattis, Emestown; Eliza Williams. .Loboraugh, 18 Dec, 1820
John Card, Camden; Hannah DoljAina (no place) ... 26 Dec, 1820
Wm. Densmore, of EloharS; Cornelia Bowen. . .Rich., 15 Jan., 1821
Daniel Gold, Catharine Dimond Richmond, 9 Jan., 1821
Caleb Boice, Ldbaro'; Bachael Snider Emestown, 3 Apr., 1821
John Mason, Kingston; Margaret Strachan, Fredericks., 7 Apr., 1821
Jdm Wemo, Anna Perry Fredericksburgh, 8 Mar., 1821
Jacob Van Armon, Rachael Dafoe. ... " — Apr., 1821
John Philip Baker, Elizabeth Bush. . . " 16 Apr., 1821
Nathan Clark Bowe, Kingston; Cath. Walker, Ernest., 9 Apr., 1821
Fredk. Conway, Mary Loucks Camden, 18 Apr., 1821
Weeden Walker, Jenny Prindle Jains Emestown, 1 Apr., 1821
David Johnson, Elizabeth Rudi Camden, 17 Apr., 1821
Benj. Wickman, Sophias.; Lavina Enter Adclphus., 11 July, 1821
George Brook, C^iarlotte Benedick. . .Frederu^durgh, 30 May, 1821
John Johnson, Tuny Gbnsolos Kingston, 5 Feb., 1821
Abraham Milden, Fredericks.; Jane YoA. Emestown, 2 July, 1821
Joseph Jerman, Maigery Hess Fredericksburgh, 18 Feb., 1821
Henry Johnson, Hallowell; Mary Meritt. . .Emestown, 17 July, 1821
Isaac Mintz, Levina Collier .Adolphustown, 19 July, 1821
Simon Smith, Margaret Smith Emestown, 24 June, 1821
John Fairfield, -&me^M;n; Elizabeth ClaK),i4(WpAi«., 19 Dec, 1821
Wm. Solmes, Sarah Burly Emesttoum, 29 July, 1821
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90 OHTABia HI8TOJULOAL SOdSTT.
Wm, Randery Lohoro'; Louisa David Kingston, 17 Feb., 1821
Hugh Stephenaon, Sophiasburgh; Nelly Louray 7 Feb., 1821
Bocin Asselstine, Sophiali Hammond Emestown, 2 Aug., 1821
Benjamin Files, Ehaim Detlar FrederiekOmrgh, 7 Aug., 1821
David Hawley, Jr., Ester Perry Emedown, 22 Aug., 1821
Peter Soott^ Charity Bower Camden, 8 Aug., 1821
David Vandevort, Sydney; Elizabeth Hess, Emestown, 21 Feb., 1821
Daniel Reokly, Matilda Eobins Bath, 10 Dea, 1821
Jacob Bower, Maiy Anderson FredericJcAwrgh, 3 Dea, 1821
John Brown, Mary Nicholson Thurlow, 6 Fefe., 1822
John Roblin, Nancy L. Oonger (no place given) 7 Feb., 1822
Tims Hawley, Fredericks.; Hannah Martin, Emestown, 7 Jan., 1822
Nathan Hare, Eunice Hare Marysburgh, 10 Jan., 1822
Joseph Gay, Polly Ash Kingston, 15 Jan., 1822
Joseph File, Jane Detlor FredericJetimrgh, 17 Jan., 1822
Archibald Gilchrist, Mary Derby Emesttoum, 27 Jan., 1822
Nicholas Bombock, Sarah Bamhart. .Frederick^mrgh, 29 Jan., 1822
Robert Dimond, Sarah Smith Kingston, 4Feb., 1822
John Brower, Nancy Nicholson Thurlaw, 6 Feb., 1822
John Boblin, Nancy Langfaom Sophiasbwgh, 7 Feb., 1822
Nathaniel KiUoy, Polly McGuin .Kingston, 18 Feb., 1822
Hugh Oglive, Clarissa Warner " 18 Feb., 1822
WuL Connell, HalloweU; Bershdba Van Yalkenbeig,
Emestown, 11 Mar., 1822
AndV Patterson, Sophias.; Jane Peggin (no place) . .14 Mar., 1822
Jas. Murry, HaUowell; Hannah Lorraway, Fredericks., 26 Mar., 1822
Abraham Fredenburgh, Maiy ^Skmer.Frederickf^mrgh, 28 Mar., 1822
Andrew McMain, Fredericks.; Amy Madden. .Ernest., 16 Apr., 1822
David Freeman, Nancy Loveless Emestown, 23 Apr., 1822
AndV Kimmerly, Rich.; Hudah Ostrum, Thurlow., 14 May, 1822
Joseph Butler, Charity Hill SopHUa^ywrgh, 26 May, 1822
Nidiolas Carter, Barbara Vankoughnent. .Fredericks., y 1822
Peter Aken, Dorany Wager " 17 June, 1822
Wm. Parks, Clany Parks " 20 July, 1822
NOTB.— ^ere over 20 blank pagM intenrene* apparently left to be filled. In
Tarioua paces aome blanks are left at bottom of the paces, and In some cases part of
these lines are filled in with a different shade of ink and a trembling hand, appar-
ently put in years later.
Owen Garrett, Betsy Wesaels Sophiasbwrgh, 26 Apr., 1831
Jacob Bush, Christiana Bombough. . .Frederickslmrgh, 3 May, 1831
Joseph Barker, Harriet White Hallowell, 4 May, 1831
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K'dOWALL 1CABBIA0B BBQIBTKB. 91
Comelins Ohatteraon, Ernest.; Naiu^ MdGuin. .Fred., 31 July, 1831
Wm. Qerow, Phebe Jane CHudng HaHoweU, 7 Sept, 1831
Fred. Orei^ton, Mary McPherson Emestown, 12 Sept, 1831
Eliaa Clark, Julia Mordeu Sophiaeburgh, 15 Sept, 1831
Jonah B. Clark, Jane Mills '' 23 Sept, 1831
Daniel Wood, i9o;^Ua&; Laura J. Waahburn.. AimUoa^ 4 Oct, 1831
Henry Seeley, Thtuiow; Louisa Outwatere, Fredericks., 18 Oct, 1831
James Fairral, Murray; Margret Benscm. . .Adolphus., 18 Oct, 1831
Hiram Buckley, Cramhe; Jane Valleau. . .Fredericks.; 19 Oct, 1831
Martin Cassidy, Hannah Hally Frederichburgh, 2 Nov., 1831
Oscar F. Poole, Ernest; Ahnenda Fralidc '' 9 Nov., 1831
Henry Mayo, Mary Whepley Kingston, 16 Not., 1831
Isaiah Farrar, Cramhe; Donas Whepley " 16 Nov., 1831
James Caven, Margret McCutchen HattaweU, 24 Nov., 1831
Walter Stickney, Sophias.; Phebe C9iristie. . " 12 Dec, 1831
James Gibson, Hannah Hyat '' 12 Dec, 1831
John White, HiUier; Clara Shelden " 13 Dec, 1831
George Minaker, Susan McGrath Marysburgh, 14 Dec., 1831
John Harriscm, Hannah M. Cantor '' 20 Dec., 1831
Benjamin Hues, Mary Hicks " 28 Dea, 1831
Daniel Morgan, Aba^ Elsworth HaUoweU, 3 Jan., 1832
Peter Milligan, Elizabeth Frip BophiaOmrgh, 4 Jan., 1832
Stephen Bull, Elizabeth Brewer HaOoweU, 9 Jan., 1832
Qeoi^ J. Thomas, Margret Walters " 10 Jan., 1832
John McLoughlin, Elizabeth Wright. .Fredericksburgh, 18 Jan., 1832
Edward H. Curlett, Moriahann Thompson. .Adolphus., 19 Jan., 1832
DanL L. Burlingfaam, Rachael Brascomb (no place) ... 24 Jan., 1832
Samuel Leavens, Sarah Brascombe HaUoweU, 24 Jan., 1832
Andrew Denidc, Catharine Smith Marysburgh, 29 Jan., 1832
Samuel Miller, Elizabeth Wager Fredericksburgh, 7 Feb., 1832
Alexander Way, Jermina Jones Fredericksburgh, 9 Feb., 1832
William Warner, Caty Grant Kingston, 13 Feb., 1832
Henry TwiU^er, HdOoweU; Uine McDonM. Marys., 14 Feb., 1832
Lukaa Van Luven, Eliza Bower Camden, 23 Feb., 1832
Malcolm McPherson, Perth; Elizabeth McPherson,
Ermsttown, 29 Feb., 1832
John Keller, Mary Lloyd Fredericksburgh, 13 Mar., 1832
Thos. Davy, Charlotte Davidson " 16 Mar., 1832
John H. Morden, AmeUaa.; Maiy Mason Sophias., 20 Mar., 1832
Jacob Biddey, Mary Brown Fredericksburgh, 29 Mar., 1832
Michael M. Shea, Isabel Keys " 29 Mar., 1832
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92 ONTABIO HI8TOBIOAL BOCnBTT.
Lawrenoe Lyona, Sophdas.; l^sncy Ogden. .HalhweU, 8 May, 1833
Luke Vanhoren, Mary SkiiUe Sophia^ywrgh, 24 May, 1882
Arthur Elsworth, Dinah Spemoer HaUowdl, 6 June, 1832
Joseph Morden, Sophdas.; Le^dna Rikman. .Adolphvs., 26 June, 1832
Arthur Elsworth, Jennet Sheldon HdOoweU, 2 July, 1832
Geo. W. Baldwin, Harriot T. Booth Emestown, 4 July, 1832
John Lewis, Hester Howell HdOoweU, 19 July, 1832
Gideon Gardiner, Patience Demoreet. . . .SopMasburgh, 11 July, 1832
Orren Foster, Rosina Hanson " 28 Aug,, 1833
John Dingman, Marys.; Melicant Hooyerr. .Adolphus*, 25 Aug., 1832
Jas. Greely, Martha Walker HaUoweU, 29 Oct, 1832
Henry Keller, Charlotte Scriver FrederickOmrgh, 30 Oct., 1832
Geo. Leroy, Kingston; Henrietta Jejikim.8ophi4uburgh, 16 Oct, 1832
Geo. W. Bedel, Siiflanah Brown Predericksburgh, 12 Apr., 1832
David H. Huff, Rebeeah Fredenbui^i Marysburgh, 18 Apr., 1832
Peter Smith, Amelias.; Phebe Pine. . . .Soplwuimrgh, 13 Oct, 1822
Wm. Whitney, Elizabeth Wees " 31 Oct, 1832
Abraham Pea<4, Amanda Wilson " 16 Oct, 1832
Geo. W. Bedel, Susanah Brown Predericksburgh, 12 Apr., 1832
Asa O. Fergusson, Catharine Petit. . . .Adolphustown, 6 Nov., 1832
Henry Somes, Elizabeth North Maaysburgh, 13 Nov., 1832
Geoige Burrows^ Caimden; Charity Kimmerly, Rich., 24 Nov., 1832
Michael Keller, Margaret Schiver. . . .Predericksburgh, 4 Dec, 1832
Levi W. Nichol, Kings.; Priscilla Douglass, Adolphus., 20 Dec., 1833
JcAn W. Williams, Elizabeth Gtwrdon HaOou^tt, 25 Dec, 1832
Joseph Keller, Mary Bums .Prederichburgh, 1 Jan., 1832
Chester Hoskins, Elinor Magee " 2 Jan., 1838
Abraham T. Bowen, Catharine Bowen Richmond, 30 Jan., 1833
Wm. Keller, Deborah Slarks Marysburgh, 80 Feb., 1833
Timothy Pringle, Marys.; Mary Ann Blskelj. Sophias., 4 Mar., 1833
Thomas Wright, Phebe White HaUoweU, 4 Mar., 1833
Wm. Ostrander, Phebe Palmeter .Marydmrgh, 2 Apr., 1838
Henry Ham, Ernest.; Frances Faimsworth,
DemorestviUe, May, 6, 1833
Li presence Benjamin Ham and Bhoda Losee.
Wm. Toung, Mary Ogden HaOoweU, 80 May, 1838
Witnesses, Dier Stanton and Betsy Splicer.
James Shepherd, Maryan Williams Mwrydmrgh, 11 June, 1883
In presence of James Harrison, Mary Card.
Royal McCumber, Margaret Schermerhom. .Richmond, 26 June, 1838
Andrew Gold, Elizabeth Barton.
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M'dOWAIX ICABBIAOX SBGI8TKB.
John Moran, Mary Fortier Sophia^ywrgh, 25 June, 1838
Samuel Shaw, Abeina Moran.
Richard Merit, Anna Nicholson Frederick Aurgh, 1 Nov., 1833
WuL Patrick, Latta M. Williams Adolphuslovm, 16 July, 1833
Matthew S. Rattan, Anna Martin.
Elijah Smith, Anna Jane Lafester Camden, 29 July, 1833
Arthur Dickey, John Bower.
Alex. Allen, Sarah Ann Both 1 Sept, 1833
Hu^ Allen, Elizann Brown.
Ruben Madden, Sophia Smith Frederickebwgh, 3 Sept., 1838
Luther Smith, Elijah Smith.
Apollus B. Hill, Caroline Schriver. (No place given.) . 24 Sept, 1883
Hugh Miller, Rosanah Schriver.
Thomas D. Brock, Maria Fieldhouse HiOier, 14 Oct, 1833
Thomas Dorland, Jane Armstrong.
Roibert Hill, Hannah Juble Marysburgh, 16 Oct, 1833
James Turner, Eliza Elmore.
Jacob Wagner, IsabeUa Sills PredericksbwgK, 17 Oct, 1833
Michael P. McCabe, Ruth Hough.
Benjamin Smith, Jane Stuart HaUoweU, 30 Oct, 1833
Frederick H. Smith, Sarah Johnston.
Reuben Gosling, Jane Demilt Sophiasbiurgh, 5 Nov., 1833
William Fox, Lucy Gosling.
Richard Merits Johannah Nicholson. .FredericJesburgh, 12 Nov., 1833
Asa Richardscm, Maiy Campbell.
Rueben Gosling, Janee Demill 8ophi<uburgh, 5 Nov., 1883
Rueben Fox, Lu<^ Gosling.
Solomon Bebee, Samantha Beedi Emssttaum, 7 Oct., 1834
Edwin Shibley, Martha Amey.
Ezekiel D^groff, Temperance Rombough. . .Fredericks., 25 Dec, 1834
John Hough, Ruth Huff.
Thomas Lyons, Syntha Berdet SopJUaeburgh, 16 Oct, 1834
Larance Lyons, Peter Smith.
Jcim Ohapman, Jane Armstrong. . .Fredericksbturgh, 4 March, 1834
Wm. Ldams.
Francis ^ Burtis Ameliasburgh, 28 Jan., 1836
Eli £ 'assel.
Edward 1 rdy Kingston, 20 Jan., 1836
A. II a Thomas.
George B< eil Richmond, 10 April, 1836
John Smj arton Richmond, 20 July, 1838
Wm. Huff, Maiy Jayne.
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94 ONTABIO HISTOSIOAL 800IBTT.
John Keller, Abbey Keller Kingriim, 21 July, 1836
Ann Young, Eliza Armstrong.
John T. Wilson, HaUoweU, Hester Pattingale. -ffOKer, 12 Aug., 1835
Francis T. Smith, Catharine Pattengale.
John G. Markle, Catharine Nickle Riehmand, 7 Sept, 1835
Wm. Post, Sarah Maricle.
James Prout^ Richmond; Mary Stephenson.Ffie(2eru^«., 15 Sept, 1835
Andrew Stephenson, Nancy St^henson.
Elias Smith, Sophrona Welton , Bath, 15 Sept, 1835
Jchn Smith, Catharine Crawford.
Jonathan Aylsworth, Margret Gildirist. . .EmesHown, 14 Oct,
John Aylsworth, Jane Gilchrist
James G. Wright, Hannah E. Barton. . .DemareglviUe, 2 Nov., 1835
Jabez Powers, Maryann Demorest
Amos Potter, Amelias., Eliza Hetonis Marytinirgh, 17 Nov., 1835
George Boulton, Catharine McGuire.
Aron Soles, Catharine Balfour Fredericksbvrgh, 30 Nov., 1885
Hannah McDowall, Wm. Armstrong.
John Brown, Kebecah Amey Emedtown, 29 Dec, 1835
Abraham Amey, Julyann Bown.
George Martin, Catharine O'Neil Heling. . .HaUowett, 81 Dec, 1835
Bobert Heling, Miriam Camaham.
Thomas Martin, Eliza Smith Adolphustown, 24 Nov., 1835
James O'Shaughnesey, Margaret Nelly.
James McMath, Amherst Id., Margaret Scott, Fred., 6 Jan., 1836
Samuel McMath, Lowrey Adamson.
Peter Van Sidder, Elizabeth Howell Thwrlow, 11 Jan., 1836
Samuel Shaw, Julian Peck.
Jeremiah Amey, -Fm^^.^MagdaleGunsolos.FreciencAra., 19 Jan., 1886
Joseph Amey, Emily Gunsolos.
Isaac A. Worden, Sophias., Cecilia Spencer. Fre^fencA:*., 4 Feb., 1836
Wm. J. Sloan, Wm. T. Spencer.
NoTS. — ^The names of marriag«8 entered in the regular register end here. There
are eome loose leaves here and there in the book in very pale ink» some of which
appear to have been entered, but not alL It is difficult to decipher them. Most of
the entries appear to have been made from slips taken at the time, no doubt, and to
have been entered without much regularity as regards time and rotation. The
register is a large book of unruled paper, and there are some hundreds of pages not
used at all. The register of baptisms begins at the other end of the book and
appears to have been arranged by townshlpsi Some are not carried out nearly as
late as there is reason to believe Mr. McDowall continued baptising, or <^ marrying
either. In some Instances, from the paleness of the ink. or staining of paper, names
can hardly be declx^ered.
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BEGISTXB OF BAPTEBMS BT EET. BOBT. m'dOWALL. 95
A REGISTER OF BAPTISMS BY THE REV. ROBT. McDOWALL,
MimtUr <;f the UriiUd CcnffngatUm$ rf Barneik^ Fndmdubur^ and
Addpkutiown,
Flnt entry, on fint page, orer tiie abore ineeriptkm: —
Sanh Murdoff, daughter of Jamee Murddf and Loia Charten, of the Township of
Plainfieki and County of Otaago, State <tf New Yoric, waa bi^ytiaed Felmary 17th,
1808.
A Rboister of Bafti8IC8 fob Eabmbstown.
Parenh^ Namee ChOdrmi>'$ Names Time when
Bam.
Daniel IMake
Hannah Cronk ivael 21 June, 1800
DeoikeClute f Deoike 4Ju]y, 1788
Katharine Shorts I Hannah OOet., 1800
John Hart
laisabeth Eten Mary 0 Nor., 1800
Peter Bond
Mary Donard Jacob Diamond 22 Nor., 1800
Jamea GorduMr f Hannah 13 Mar., 1786
Euniee Solea Eunice 80 June, 1796
Jamea 28 Oct., 1797
Lewis 20 Mar., 1799
Moses Foster '.
Geney McPhee (FVederidcflburgh) Moses 11 Mar., 1800
J<^ Ham
Eaiaabeth Donesbusdi Philip 29 Mar., 1800
Ji^Hart
Elisabeth Eton Delireranee 80 , 1799
Wm. McEage
MaryPter ESiaabeth 9 April, 1800
John Chrank, Martha Ghattertoo John 22 Nor., 1786
" " Ddinah 20Aiwil,1789
Stephen 17April,1791
" Martha 19 Mar., 1794
John West, Geny CampbeQ Mary 20 Oct. , 1799
Stephen Eds, EMsabeth Conkhn Clary 22 Afwil, 1799
Isaae Hou|^ Elisabeth Hieks Hannah 10 May, 1800
Jacob Snider, Eathame Cole Catharine 19 Dec., 1799
Abraham Sharp, Jean Van Valkenburgh. .Margaret 2 May, 1800
Joshua Book, Maigret Fraser John Fraser 23 Aug., 1800
Daniel Fraser, Sarah Scouting John 8 Aug., 1800
Comettus Van Dusen, EUsabeth Easer. . .Cornelius 4 Sept., 1800
Philip Hortman, Alada Hou^ Hannah 8 Aug., 1800
7
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96 ONTABIO HISTOBICAL SOOIBTY.
Parents* Names ChMrm's Names Tifne when
Bom
Reuben Granger, Rachad Boioe Mary 20 July, 1800
Isaac McGuin, Katharine Bamhart Henry 12 July, 1800
John Landon, Else Weddel Mathew Clark 27 Feb., 1800
Robert Havens, Abagail Hough Hannah 29 Nov., 1801
David Fraser, Rebecah Dice Euphamey 10 Jan., 1802
James Rankins, Phoebe Brown James 13 Mar., 1799
" " Katharine 8 Sept., 1801
John Van Valkenburgh, Hannah Pat-
terson Bate 20 Sept., 1801
Moses ^mmon, Margret AUen Timothey 13 Oct., 1801
John Brown, Anna Lee EUsabeth 2 May, 1800
Paul Comer, Phebe Boice William 10 Dec, 1800
John C. Vosburgh, Hannah Shibley EDenor 19 Aug., 1801
Daniel McDaniel, Jeney Marikle Daniel 17 June, 1804
Henery McGuin, Christiana Sinmion Owmi 2 June, 1800
Daniel Simmons, Barbara McDugal Henrey 15 Jan., 1801
John Conklin, Phebe Hough Joseph 3 Aug., 1800
John Snider, EUener Boice Rachad 28 April, 1800
Anilius Parkins, Rachael Snider Sarah 6 Dec, 1801
Nicholas Emmons, Sarah Hennah H^irey 29 April, 1801
Cornelius ChatterB(»i, Vielete Davis Cornelius 14 Mar., 1788
^ '* Elisabeth 7 May, 1793
" " Joseph 29July, 1794
Susannah 3Aug.,1800
Andrew More, Hannah McKure Jacob 11 Jan., 1801
Abraham Van Valkenburgh Rachael 7 June, 1800
Peter Sharp, Peggy Sharp .Laney 6 June, 18 —
Elijah B. Hough, Mary Wees Elisabeth 8 Sept., 1801
John Wees, Jean Campbell Isabel 16 Aug., 1801
John Dunond, Katharine Gordineer Robert 8 May, 1801
Isaac Hough, Elisabeth Hicks Agnes 22 Dec, 1801
Peter McPherson, Elisabeth McDearmid. Angus No date.
Fetet Davie, Mary Hilkr Eva 28 Mar., 1802
John Ham, Elisabeth Densbech Benjamin 4 April, 1802
Cornelius Chatterson, Violetta Davis. . . .Mathew 25 Mar., 1802
John Simons, Jenny Gordineer Jacob 22 April, 1802
Peter West, Hannah Bunter John 12 Sept., 1801
John Snider, Lana Bdce Jacob 11 May, 1802
John Dimond, Katharine G<»dineer Peter 13 Aug., 1802
Elisabeth Thomas, baptised Aug. 29, 1800 26 July, 1785
Reuben Granger, Rachad Boice Geney 23 July, 1802
David Simmon, Barbara McDugal John 28 Aug., 1802
Danid McDaniel, Jeney Marikle William 24 Oct, 1802
1802
Nov. 14 Jodiua Booth, Maigret FWiser Elener 9 Oct, 1802
Nov. 14 Daniel Fraser, Sarah Scouton Richard 6 Sept. , 1802
Nov. 14 Isaae Fraser, Hannah Staring Catharine 22 Oct, 1802
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BXGISTEB OF BAPTISMS BT BEY. BOBT. M'dOWAIX. 97
PutreM Names ChQdttn'M Names Tims whrn
1803 Bam,
Mar. 6 John Poneet, Catharine Went Eluabeth 22 Dec» 1802
Mar. 17 Abraham Sharp, Jean Van Valkenbur^. .Jacob 17 Nor., 1802
April 3 John Hart, Elisabeth Eten Eluabeth l^Jnly, 1803
April 18 Isaac McGuein, Katharine Bamhart Beggy 6 April, 1803
Oct. 3 Jamee Gordineer, Eunice Sdee WDeon Sole 28 May, 1800
Oct. 2 John C. Voeborgh, Hannah ^liUey Geney 4 Sept., 1803
Oct. 2 Jacob Stonns, Rebeckah Sa«er Gilbert 27 Feb., 1803
Oct 2 John Brown, Ann Lee Katy 17 June, 1803
1804
Jan. 8 Wimam Wees, Mary Bamhart Saly 9 Nor., 1803
Jan. 8 Peter Wees, Lana Bonta Jacob 22 Nor., 1803
Daniel MoPhnecm, Jane Shaw Maryan 30 Dec., 1803
Jan. 29 Robert Maden, Charity DinKmd Margret 30 Mar., 1803
June 3 Bainhert Wiele, Sarah Vand^Mfg Bamhart 6 June, 1803
June 3 Jamee Alexander, Catharine £bider Sarah 9 Mar., 1804
Daniel Simmon, Barbara McDougall Hannah McDowell. . . 7 Mar., 1804
June 24 Jonathan Fairfield, Charity Rider Mary 6 April, 1798
June 25 John Van Valkenburi^ Hannah Pat-
terson Jonathan 20 June, 1802
June 25 John Van Valkenburgh, Hannah Pat-
terson Gilbert 13 Mar., 1804
June 25 Samuel Wide, Ludnda liuUipe Aaron 15 April, 1804
July 22 John Perry, Alada Sott Alada No date.
Ju^ 22 " " Stephen No date,
July 22 Daniel Fraaer, Sarah Scouton Andrew 13 July, 1804
1805
May 1 Aaron Sharp, Jean Van Valkenburgh Polly Van Valkenb'rg. 22 Nov., 1804
May 1 Isaac Hou^ Elisabeth Hicks Ddxurah 20 Sept., 1803
May 1 Robert Havens, Abagail Hough Richard Henry 8 Sept., 1804
May 1 John Ham, EUsabeth Deushbeach Richard 23 S^t., 1804
May 1 William Rogers, Katharine Elsworth Sarah Mariah 20 Nov., 1804
May 1 Peter McPherson, Elisabeth McDimond.. William 10 Mar., 1805
May 5 Comdius Van Leven, Elisabeth Keefw.. .Isaac 15 Dec., 1804
June 7 Reuben Grange, Rachael Boice Watson 17 June, 1804
July 10 John Dimond, EAthaiine Gordineer Salley 2 Sept., 1803
July 10 Benjamin Boice, Margret Bartley Pet^ Id June, 1805
22 Sept Daniel McPherson, Geoey Shaw Elisabeth 30 July, 1805
22 Sept. Martha Pkeston, adult No date.
9 Nov. Samuel Hough, Hannah Hoffman Charles Just 26 Oct, 1805
1806
9Feb. John Breesey, Gen^ Williams Andrew 240ct., 1805
9 Feb. John Williams, Elisabeth Simmcm Hannah 122 Dec., 1805
10 Feb. Peter West, Lana Banta Alida 12 Dec., 1805
10 Feb. Jacob Fraser, Katharine Jones Sarah 23 Nov., 1805
10 Feb. James Alexander, EAtharine Snyder Joanna 26 Dec, 1805
23 Feb., John Snyder, EOeoer Boice George 21 Jan., 1805
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98 ONTARIO HlflTORIOAL 80GIBTY.
ParmM Namn CkOdrm'i Namet Tims token
BcffL
23 Feb. EU Peten, Phebe Babooek Jo8q>h 19 Dee., 1806
23 Feb. Iiaac McGuin, EaUutrine Barahart Lana 8 Feb., 1806
April 4 John Brown, Ann Lee Jean 20 Nov., 1806
April 4 Moees Simmona, Marfret Allen FVanda 9 Feb., 1806
April 21 Peter Bowen, Mary Dimond John 5 April, 1806
Mar. 4 John C. Voeburgh, Hannah Shibley Delia 26 Feb., 1806
Mar. 4 Henry Hutchina, Lucinda Bibina Sarah 25 April, 1806
Aug. 21 Joahua Booth, Margret Fraaer Chariea Andrew 2 Aug., 1806
Aug. 3 Daniel Fraaer, Sarah Soouton William 9 May, 1806
Aug. 8 Martin Salabury, Ere Akombraek Mary 7 May, 1806
Aug. 8 P^ter Perry, Mary MoDaniel Katharine 28 April, 1806
Aug. 8 iMac mdu, EHiaabeth ante Margaret 20Feb., 1806
June 24 John Qroahong, Gennat Fairfield Sabiaminirve 28 May, 1806
1807
Cona Hoffman, Jean Shibley EUaan 9 Jan., 1807
May 17 John Bell, Catharine Sharp Jean
Mayl7 " " Eliaabeth 28Feb., 1807
May 17 PhiUp Wolfrim, Catharine Moer George 22 Mar., 1807
Jtme 7 Peter Daly, Mary Hortman Thcnnaa 29 April, 1807
Aug. 9 Daniel MeDaniel, Sarah Maride Flora 77 Jviy, 1807
Aug. 9 John Amey, Mary Grant John 15 AprO, 1807
June 1 Peter MoPhenon, Eliaabeth McDearmid.Eaiaabeth 26 May, 1807
Sept. 12 William MeKim, Naney Nidiolaon William No date.
Sept.l2 " '' Nieholaon Nodate.
8eptl2 " " Comfort Nodate.
June 7 Robert Havena, AbagaO Hou^ No name No date.
Dee. 18 Joaq>h Huriey, Sarah Hurd Sarah Eliaa 5Aug., 1807
Dee. 18 Gilbert Storma, Mary More William Andrew 16 Sept, 1807
1808
Feb. 14 Niehoba SinmMma, Sarah Hannah Margaret 12Jan., 1806
April 8 Daniel Fraaer, Sarah Seout<m Mary 20 Feb., 1806
April 10 Moaes Sinmion, Margret AUen No name — Mar., 1806
Martin SaUflbury, Eye Alkombraok Suaannah 7 May, 1806
John Ham, Eliaabeth Deoabeaugh Eliaabeth 7Aug., 1808
Jaoob Fraaer, Katharine Jonea Benjamin 10 Get., 1807
iMac Snider, Mary Newbury Eliaabeth 13 July, 1806
John Maby, Barbara Julia 25 April,
DaTid Huffman, Eliaabeth Wemp Nancy Eliner 15 Got, 1806
J<^ Jeokina, Hannah Patteraon Caroline 30 Sq^, 1809
Gilbert Storma, Mary Moer William Andrew 6Sept.,1809
Abraham Snider, Rachael Amey Suaannah 24 Mar., 1808
John Snider, Eliaabeth Amey Suaannah 24 Mar., 1808
John Baaaey, Jean WiUiama William J 21 Mar., 1808
Juatua BarUea, Hannah M'Dugal Janet Clark 8Dee., 1809
, Ann Bmwkiy Ira Heorey 15 Jan., 1808
PMer Weea, Lana BanU Mary 30 Jan., 1808
Eli FMera, Phebe Babeoek DeliU 2 Mar., 1808
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BXGI0TXB OW SAPTI8M8 BT UT. BOBT. m'dOWAIX. M
PoTMifti' i^MMff Ckairm'M Nmmm Turn uhm
lefai FteTOtt» HinbeUi niUe Dwiiil 14 Mar.. 1808
Dteiiel MeDMMl, QcMy IGiMfe K«iteiiM 9Not..1800
FliffipWolfiNMi.KftthMiiieMo« PMcrWOlHi 38 Sept, 1808
Jorinia Booth, Bfniral f^Mer HtffiolRebMM 18Mbr, 1808
Jbim Brown, Ann Lee Maiy 9 Joe, 1808
Goneliai Van Laren, EL Grawfofd Hannah ««10et, 1808
Jbaeph Amey, EliMboth Shiblqr Qiariee 14 Dee., 1810
iMMM Ho««fa, Eliaabeth meks Flora 18 Jan., 1811
Abraham Amey, Charity 8i«er Amefia 15 Jan., 181 1
Awob Myen, Sarah StMing Katharine 8taiii«. .. . 2Ai«., 1811
Adam Hartman, BlaiBrat Staring E?e 10 Sept, 1808
^mee Martm, DoDy KnoHon PioQy K) Joe, 1810
HcDiy HutehhiB, Laey Bibine John 8 Biay, 1810
Immc Fraaer, Naney 8tarii« C^arlee 13 Jan., 1810
John MeGDhnay, Blarget McKeniie Qennet 20 Feb., 1810
John Braaey, Jean WOIiame Hannah 27 Aug., 1810
FredflridL Becker, Eaisabeth DaTy John Frederick 10 Sept, 1810
PMer Daly, Mary Hortman Oiariea 70et, 1808
William Rose, Sarah MeKim Naney Phebe 19 Nor., 1809
J<^ M'Lai^^ Eaisabeth Stoirer Raehael 4 Dee., 1810
BennetAtwater, ElisaVanVaftenbaffh.Alenb^tte 21 Oet, 1810
Peter Ferry, Mary McDanid Esther 18 Oet, 1810
John Peters, Esther P^ary Absolem 9 July, 1810
Efi Peters, Phebe Babcock Hannah 1 July, 1810
John Snider, Eaisabeth Amey Rebeocah 8 Aug., 1810
^M9ob Storms, Raehael Ssger Charity Amanda 15 Mar., 1810
Gilbert Storms, Mary Moer Amerik 15 Mar., 1810
Jacob Fraser, Esther Jones Rebeocah 5 Sept, 1809
Martin Storer, Hannah Laughton Jaoob 8 May, 1810
DaTid Fraser, Rebeocah Dice Katharine 8 Jan., 1805
ThcMnas 22 April, 1807
ComeUus Chatterscm, Viokite DaTis Weyolette 25 April, 1804
SarahAnn 27FW>., 1806
Mary Ann 27Feb., 1806
Katharine 20April,1808
Samnd Hough, Hannah Houghner ATiUa Eleanor 18 May, 1809
DaTid Amey, Catharine Snider Jaoob 29 Jan., 1809
Jaoob Shibtey, Catharine Daly John 14 June, 1809
DaTid Pulse, Katharine Ssger Henry 28 Feb., 1811
Daniel Fraser, Sarah Soouton P^ggy 10 April, 1810
John Perry, Katharine Abrams Eaisabeth 27 Jan., 1811
Iffael Amey, Elisabeth Thomas Adolina 16 Nov., 1811
Martin Stover, Hannah M'Laughlin Adam 25 Feb., 1812
Herman See, Raehael Storer Joseph 29 Mar., 1812
Martin A. AUen, EHsabeth O'Neil Ira 27 Feb., 1812
Theopholus Lockwood, Sarah Amey John Amey 18 April, 1812
Daniel MeDanisl, Gennet Maride Clara 9 May, 1812
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100 ONTABIO HISTOBIOAI. 800IBTT.
Parenit^ Namn ChilirmC% Name$ Time when
Bam,
Jacob StoTer, Chrifltiaiia Amey Valentine 1 June, 1812
William Gating, Rebeocah Riden Patiiek 19 Jan., 1812
William Morris, Jean Bell Catharine Moriah. . . .10 June, 1814
Moees Simmons, Margret AUen Samuel Neilson 4 Mar., 1812
Joseph Hongfaman, Hannah Hough Hanietta 29 May, 1812
Henry Jaoobs, Gertrude Hogaboane Salla Elisa 28 June, 1812
John Amey, Mary Chrant Margret S 4 Mar., 1812
Samuel Wood, Lydia Smith Ghester 27 April, 1812
John Brown, Sarah Sager Anna 16 Dec., 1811
Samuel Waitl, Lydia Smith Sahara 25 Sept., 1810
Wm. Glark, Rebeccah Baboock Benjamin 6 Oct., 1810
Jacob StoTer, Sarah Storms Lerina 24 Aug., 1810
Wm. Glaric, Rebeccah Babcock Benjamin 6 Oct., 1810
David Jenkins, Ann Enfieki Amelia 10 AprU, 1810
David Pulse, Gatharine Seager Henry 28 Feb., 1811
John Brown, Anna Lee Rob^ 30 April, 1811
John Braiey, Jean Williams Hannah 27 Aug., 1810
Fred^ck Becker, Elisabeth Davy John Fred^ck 10 Sept., 1811
Benjamin Booth, Gatharine Dorland Harriott 29 Oct., 1810
Henry Jacoby, Gedenti Hogedome Adelina M 22 Mar., 1819
Martin Fralick, Hannah Huffman Delilah 29 April, 1813
Joseph Amey, Sarah Smith I^mon 10 April, 1810
Justus Bartles, Hannah McDugal Augustus L 25 Dec., 1809
Archibakl Garscallen, Thomas John Thomas 13 Mar., 1810
Joseph Amey, Elisabeth Shibley Gharke 14 Dec., 1810
Isaac Hough, Elisabeth Hicks Flora 13 June, 1811
Abraham Amey, Gharity Seager Amelia 15 Jan., 1811
Jacob Myers, Sarah Staring Gatharine Staring. ... 2 Aug., 1811
Adam HorUnan, Margret Staring Eve 10 Sept., 1809
Daniel McDaniel, Eve Miracle Gatharine 9 Nov., 1809
John Snider, Elisabeth Amey Rebeccah 6 Aug., 1810
John Voeburgh, Hannah Shibley Mariah Ann 16 Jan., 1811
Nidkolas Simmon, Sarah Hannah Gatharine Hannah. . . 14 July, 1810
Peter Daly, Mary Hortman Gharies 7 Oct., 180-
Wm. Ross, Sarah McEim Nancy Phebe 19 Nov., 1809
Isaac Asselstine, Hannah Davy John Davis 25 Mar., 1802
David Amey, Gatharine &kider John Nidiolas 5 Jan., 1812
John Asselstine, Mary Amey Margaret 28 Nov., 1812
Peter Amey, Mary Baker George Fred^ck 15 Dec, 1812
Abraham Wilder, Rachael Amey Rebeccah 8 Jan., 1813
Josq>h Smith, Phila Fisk Barnabas 2 Feb., 1818
Jacob Storms, Rachael Seager Abraham 30 Oct., 1812
Loderwick Hcntman, Eve Stover Mary 23 Jan., 1811
David Bdce, Hannah Amey Andrew 11 Feb., 1811
Elijah B. Hough, EHisabeth Everson Phebe 9 Dee., 1810
William Gaten, Rebecca Redden Margaret 20 July, 1810
Atatham Snider, Rachael Amey Hannah 10 Mar., 1810
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KBOI8TSB OF BAPTISMS BT BXV. BOBT. m'DOWALL. 101
ParmU^ Namm ChUdrmi'M Namn Time uhm
WOUam Crcmk, J«ne Johm Solomoo 16 April, 1810
John Vosbursh, Anna ffliibley Qeofge 2 Aug.,
I John ^own, Sarmh Seager Lawis Warier 11 Aug., 1835
i Wm. John Daibey, Mary Ann Darby. . . .Mafden Ann 6 Nov., 1835
Tliomaa McEwan, Nancy DaTiaon Mariana 261>ee., 1827
I Doncan Houi^ Jane Johnson Duncan No data.
A4)hei]0 MiDer, Ann Amey Charity 12 May, 1830
^ " " George 24 Aug., 1882
Michael Aflsalstlne, Catharine FVaaer Nancy — Aug., 1820
WOham Morris, Jane Bell JaneElisa 2 Feb., 1821
Samuel Brown, Lydia Peters Syhestcr Peters 1 June, 1820
James McGittTTay, Maigt. McKinney.... Catharine 28 Dee., 1820
Nora. — ^The laat seven entries were written with a very trembling hand, as in
extreme cAA age, and are scarcely decipherable.
Fbedebicksbuboh Baptisms.
Moses Foster, Geney McFee Moses 11 Mar., 1800
Henry Betskey, Anna Kittldiine Mary 4 June, 1800
Philip Wolfrom, Kitty Moore Eva 1 Aug., 1800
Jas. Van Alstine, Rebecka Foshee Cobus 9 May, 1800
Wm. Williams, Mary Schemerhom John Schemeriiom. . . 10 April, 1800
Harmanus Lareway, I^be Watts Chariottee 22 June, 1800
James Murdoff, Lois Charter Robert McDowall. . . .19 May, 1800
Alnraham Louz, Anna Camp Abraham 28 April, 1800
James McTaggert, Nancy Codey Robert 29 Sept., 1800
J<^ MurdofF, Jean Watts William 16 Aug., 1800
Pteter Lareway, Elisabeth &nith Nelley 11 Oct., 1800
Abraham Cronkheet, Mary Kail Nicholas 3 Aug., 1800
Christopher Peterson, Sarah McNut Paul 19 Sept., 1800
Benjamin Seymour, EHisabeth Claric Harriot 23 July, 1801
Robert McDowell, Hannah Washburn. . .John 20 Sept., 1801
John WUhams, Elisabeth Simmons Jane No date.
Martin Forster, EHisabeth Bowen Katharine 13 Sept., 1801
Asa Warden, Elisabeth Elsworth No name 23 April, 1802
John Murdoff, Jean Watts Th(»nas 1 Mar., 1802
David Edgar, Jennet Bell Robert 24 Mar., 1802
James Coner, Elisabeth Budb Timothy 15 Aug., 1800
James Murdoff, Lds Charters Thomas Car 9 April, 1802
Timothy Hess, Katharine Moyer Margret 15 April, 1802
Wm. Cogswell, Susanah Bard John 29 April, 1802
Adam Hoflbnan, Sarah Charters Elisabeth 31 May, 1802
Henry Richardson, Katharine Castle Anna 0 Jan., 1802
Joseph Lebeau, Sarah England Katharine 22 July, 1802
Richard D. Clnte, Catharine Sh<Nl» John 2 June, 1802
James McTaggart, Nancy Cooley David Archibald 21 Aug., 1802
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lOS^' ONTABIO H18TOSIOAI. gOdSTT.
Paremtt^ Niun$ CkUdrm'$ Namet Tm§ uhm
Bmm.
Ala. Claric, EliBabetk MeOsve ImhtH 17 July, 1802
John Graose, Nancy Meffim WiHiun 20 Doe. , 1802
Nicholas Bnmk, Hannah Smith John 2 Jan., 1808
Nicholas Qoaokflnbush, Mary PuDifelt. . .Rynard 11 Jan., 1808
Richard FitcheU, Katharine Peterson. . . . Josq>h 11 Doc, 1801
J<^ Vader, Eatherine Ddong Estar Ann 31 Mar., 1802
John Forshee, Sarah Pftrk Katy 13 Mar., 1808
Benj. Comwdl, Elisabeth Jackson Nancy 26 Feb., 1803
James Muidoff, Lois Charters Lucy 21 May, 1808
Alexander Clark, Elisabeth McClere Benjamin 22 Sept., 1804
1804
Jan. 8 John Finkle, Maria Sharp Lana ISDec, 1808
Sept. 9 Peter Larraway, EKsabeth Smith Elisabeth lOAug., 1804
S^t. 9 Jacob Post, Charity Forsbee Frederick 21 Aug., 1804
Dec. 16 Samuel Foster, Mtty Clark William 6 Aug., 1804
Dec. 16 ISmon Van Mere, Jean Foster Samuel 9 Oct., 1804
1806
.^pril 18 AtathamLoux, Nancy Kemp Peoy 3 April, 1805
June 17 Stephen Barber, Huldah Norton Lucy Rice 26 May, 1798
Lanrinda 26Aug., 1800
JohnNorton 240ct., 1802
Stephen 26Jnne, 1806
June 17 Timothy Hess, Katharine Moir Elisabeth 14 April, 1806
Not. 9 Jacob Finkle, Sosanah Anderson J<^ 6 S^, 1806
Not. 20 Robert McDowall, Hannah Washburn. . .Sarah Washburn 14 S^t., 1804
1806
Mar. 20 Isaac Cole, Margaret Casey Henry Dayis 18 Feb., 1806
Samuel Foster, Mary Clark Samud 19 June, 1806
Simon Van Mere, Jane Foster Elisabeth Thon^Mcm. . 9 Oct., 1806
1807
Feb. 27 Isaac Post, Sarah Huffman Hannah 6Dec., 1806
Mar. 1 Robert McDowall, Hannah Washburn... Ebeneser 3 Jan., 1807
Ajwil 19 Peter Gunsolos, Margret Claric Allen
June 21 Nicholas Peterson, Mary Dunham Elisabeth 10 May, 1806
Jonas Ganison, Katharine Staring Joshua 10 July, 1805
Caleb 18 April, 1807
Alexander Nicholson, Sarah Hough AUgal 11 April, 1807
Peter Bowen, Mary Dimond James 18 Mar., 1807
Dec. 16 Noxon Harris, Elisabeth Maybee Wm. Griffiths 17 Sept., 1807
1808
Feb. 18 Alex. Claric, Elisabeth McCkve Harriot 27 Feb., 1807
Mar. 21 William T. Pruyn, Mary Church Martha 14 Jan., 1808
Mar. 22 David Edgar, Gennet Bell Susanah Johnson 23 Aug., 1807
David Frymore, Catharine Lowe David 18 Mar., 1809
Jacob Young, PoDy Si»ague Jacob Ward 23 Dec, 1808
Simon Van Mere, Jane Foster J<^ Hoirey 9 Jan., 1809
George Dafoe, Elisabeth Sills Jacob — Dec., 1809
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1 BB0I8TXB OF BAPTI8M0 FT BXT. BOBT. x'dOWAIX. 103
Parmtt^ Namet ChOdrm'M Na9te» Time uhm
Bom.
LKwtmoe Sharp, Mivr Bkkkj P^t€r 28 Get, 1800
Zenas NmIi, Mwy Bnw9t Fum Fatina 3 Sept, 1810
Aknnder Nicfaoboii, Sarah Hoa^ Margaret 27 Aug., 1810
^M9ob Deilor, KaUrina DeClor An Sopfaiah 12 Jan., 1811
John Dafoe, Hannah SOi Sally 10 Oet, 1810
Hobert MeDowall, Hannah Waahbom. . .James No date.
John Pateson, Hannah 8Ubary Claryann 80 Jime, 1813
William Church, Sophia Naih WOKam 24 Jane, 1812
Samuel Kdkr, Roaandi Warner Mary 11 Jane, 1812
John Gamp, Mary Dafoe Mary 7 Sept, 1812
Bilyate Outwatere, EUaabeUi Paria Eliiabeih Ann 23 Dec, 1882
Jaeob KeUer, JMbnh DaTy Frederiek 80 Nov., 1827
Abraham Fry, Jane Lanaday Hannah 5 Jan., 1815
Hogh Qlen, Ehia Seott Robert 1 Oct, 1880
Gabriel Bdfour, Ann Armatmng Tliomae Annstrcmg. . .22 Jane, 1838
Edward Howard, Eaisabeth Howard Ehsa Thompeon 8 Feb., 1840
Benjamin Bkmn, Jane Soott Raehael 20 July, 1841
Andrew ScoU, Mary BliUer John 20 Ju^, 1840
Nora. — ^Tlie last eleven entrlea are made In a very trembling band, and are eoaroely
leafble in coneequenoe. In tbe last entry and one or two of the others the right namea
may not be gtren hen In oonseqneooe. They were evidently entered in old aaa.
Jasoary, 1S99. T. W. Casbt.
SopmASBUBGH Baptisms.
Gabriel Sprung, Mary Beard Richard 15 Feb., 1800
Immm MouTBon, Anna Blakety Esther C 8 Jan., 1800
Richard Devenport, Christiana Cole Sarah 20 April, 1800
John ftiidea, ESisabeth Dyer Peter 24 April, 1800
•* iMac 24 April, 1800
Alnraham Van Blarieum, Rhoda Alger. . . .Mary 14 June, 1800
Jamee Ptek, Eliiabeih Peck Maria 19 Sept., 1800
Samuel Peck, Judeth Pariiament Maria 24 S^t., 1800
Comelhie Peck, Tenty Harris WOfimpe 21 Oct., 1800
Richard Morden, Anna Williams Robert 4 Nov., 1801
Gilbert Demorest, Geney DaTis Jacobus 24 Dec., 1800
Daniel B. Way, Jamima Modier Reuben 24 Dec., 1800
Henry Fox, Katharine Brickman John 10 June, 1800
John Covart, Raehael F^ck Tunis 20 Sept., 1800
Jacob Parfiament, Margaret Fox John 15 Jan., 1801
Isaac Demill, Mary Dizon Daniel 9 Sept., 1801
John Morden, Eve Bowerman Lonin OMar., 1802
James Morden, Margret Parfiament Richard 6 Dec, 1801
Peter Cole, Jean Pariiament Christiana 17 Dec., 1801
Gabriel Sprung, Mary Beard Hannah 0 Sept., 1801
Comelhis Peck, Trute Harris Joseph 30 Oct., 1802
Richard Mcvden, Ana THlliams Sarah Lueretia 29 July, 1802
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104 ONTAEIO HISTOBIOAL 80CIBTT.
Parenia* Names Children* a Namee Time when
Bom,
Hany Fox, Sarah Mason Henrey 9 Jan., 1803
Jacob Parliament, Margret Fox Eaty 6 Not., 1802
Egbert Davis, Mary Cole John Cole 7 Jan., 1801
Benjamin Smith, Sarah Peack. Samuel 2Ai]g., 1801
Samuel Peack, Judith Parliament Wikmpe 2 Dec, 1802
Henry Fox, EUsabeth Demitt William 28 Jan., 1803
Richard Benson, Elisabeth Barton Andrew 7 Feb., 1803
David Duhnage, Ann Roblin Thomas L 25 Mar., 1803
John Covert, Rachael Peack Katharine 30 April, 1803
Robert Jones, Hannah Hunter Abagail 22 April, 1796
John Brodces, Eve Cehe John 14 Jan., 1804
James Morden, Maiget Pariiament Lorrain 7 Jan., 1804
Gabriel Sprung, Mary Baird Katharine 8 Nov., 1803
Henry Fox, Katharine Brickman Peter 12 Nov., 1803
Lewis Latour, Mary Mason Richard 30 Nov., 1803
Benj. Rouw, Mary Devenport Ann 31 Aug., 1803
Hu|^ Clark, Mary McKee Elisabeth 10 Dec., 1803
John Mordcoi, Eve Bowerman John Howell 18 Sept., 1804
Isaac Cole, Hannah Parliament Simon 18 Jan., 1805
Peter Cole, Jean Parliament Sally 25 July, 1805
Lewis Latour, Mary Mason Jeney 22 April, 1805
Nicholas Losier, Katharine Davenp<^. . .Richard 10 June, 1805
Samuel Peack, Judeth Parliament Margaret 20 April, 1805
Henry Fox, Katharine Brickman WilHam 6 Sept., 1805
Lewis Brickman, Mary Wannamaker . . . .Jane 31 Jan., 1805
Jacob Parliament, Margret Fox Harry Fox 7 Dec., 1804
Henry H. Fox, Sarah Mason John Howell 16 Sept., 1804
Isaac Demill, Mary Dixon Sarah 1 July, 1805
Samuel Shaw, Abagftil Parliament Peter 2 Nov., 1805
Gabriel Sprung, Mary Baird Hannah 7 Dec., 1805
Gilliam Demorest, Gennet Davis Elisabeth Grant 15 Sept., 1805
Eduard Collins, Mahitabald Losier Charity 13 S^t., 1805
Ichabode Davis, Mary Cole Richard 18 Sept., 1804
John Howell, Mary Fairman Katharine 4 Sept., 1804 '
Jeremiah Exoeen, Phebe Mason William 17 Dec., 1800
RichardMason 9 Oct., 1802
" " Fredrick 140ct., 1804
1806
Feb. 19 Daniel B. Way, Jamima Mosher Richard Moiden 19 Oct., 1805
Feb. 19 Cornelius Peck, Tinte Harris Rachael 9 Deo., 1805
Aug. 12 Thomas Lyons, Lana Schemerhom Elisabeth 28 Jan., 1806
Sept. 6 John Brooks, Eve Kettle Margaret 10 June, 1806
Sept. 6 James Morden, Margret Parliament John Parcels 27 June, 1806
Egbird Davis, Mary Cole Joseph Jewell 31 Aug., 1806
Hugh Clarice, Mary McKee Jennet Davis 6 Oct., 1806
1807
Feb. 24 Henrey Fox, Sarah Mason Jene 4 Jan., 1807
Feb. 24 Daniel Lambert, Margret Osborne Elisha 10 Jan., 1807
Oct. 20 Samuel McTaggart, Mary Foster Peter 26 Aug., 1807
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BXGIBTER OF BAPTISMS BT BBV. BOBT. m'dOWALL. 105
Parentis Namm ChUdrm'a Namm Time when
1807 B<pm.
Oct. 20 Lefwis Lfttare, Mary Mason MaiyMedUne 11 Aug., 1807
Oet. 20 Henry Fooc, Katharine I^kkinan Katharine 1 Oet., 1807
1806
Jan. 14 Samidi Peack, Judith Pariiament Jdm 30 Nov., 1807
Jan. 14 l^dwlaa Loner, Kathrine Darenport Nicholas 10 May, 1807
Jan. 14 Gabriel Sprung, Mary Baird Sarah Mason 21 Oct., 1807
Hd. 14 Daniel B. Way, Abagdl Reid William 19 Dec, 1807
Apni 3 John Howell, Nancy Fairman Elisabeth Fairman. . .28 Jan., 1808
April 20 Robert Baughn, Margan Howell Richard 19 Oet , 1807
April 23 Jacob Pariiament, Margret Fox William 24 Mar., 1807
April 24 Peter Hohns, Betsy Johnson Peter 13 Nov., 1807
April 24 John Way, Comdlia Fox Daniel 5 Oct., 1806
Ai»il 24 Benjamin ftnith, Sarah Peck Riebe 11 Mar., 1808
Aug. 21 Samuel Shaw, Abagail Pariiament Lana 22 Sept, 1807
Aug. 21 John Brooks, Ere Kittle Nancy Kettle 4 July, 1808
George Parliament, Mary McTaggart James Henry 2 April, 1810
Richard Howell, Polly Lamb James Ni^ 28 Oct., 1809
Robert Vaun, Mary Ann Howell Magdalene Cotter 9 July, 1809
Peter Cole, Jane Pariiament Elisabeth Fox 28 May, 1808
Egbert Darn, Mary Cole Elisabeth 14 Feb., 1808
Lewis Lature, Mary Mason Charlotte 1 Mar., 1810
Nicholas Lasier, Kathame Derenport. . . .William 10 May, 1809
Henry Fox, Catharine Brickman Sarah Ann 20 Feb., 1810
Elisha D. Chase, l^the Williams Henry ^^^Uiams 20 Dec., 1809
Cornelius Peack, Tinte Harris Thomas 19 Jan., 1810
Jacob Parliament, Margret Fox Mary 1 Sept., 1810
NoTB.-^-Tlie namei from here down are In a very trembling hand.
John Morden, Eve Bowman Lncretia Julia Ann. . . 3 Mar., 1810
Griffith Howdl, Elisabeth Fralick Sarah 4 April, 1809
Samuel Shaw, AbagaO Parliament Samuel 20 July, 1809
John Mas(m, Elisabeth Davis Jane Ann 2 Oct., 1807
Jacob Bowers, Nancy Howard Nathan Howard 2 Jan., 1804
JaoobCronk 9Nov., 1806
George 22Dec., 1808
" " Jeremiah Barton 24 Jan., 1810
•* " John Stickney 17 Ajwil, 1812
James Morden, Margret Ptoliament Margarit 22 June, 1812
Nicholas Westerwitt, Ann Blavent Peggy 6 Sept., 1812
Samuel McTaggert, Mary Foster Mary 5 May, 1812
WuL Pariiament, Margrett Blawatt Caty 18 July, 1812
Lewis Lature, Mary Mason Charles 24 Aug., 1811
Nicholas Westerwitt, Hannah Blewell. . . .Eli 13 Aug., 1814
WuL Pariiament, Margret Bauveh ^^^Uiam 9 Sept., 1814
Samuel McTaggert, Mary Foster Samuel 29 Feb., 1814
Jdm Howell, Nancy Fairman Nancy Jane 8 Sept., 1815
Ccnnelius Sprague, Mary Smith Amanda 9 Nov., 1815
Ge(Htge Wilson, Loraine Howell Latitia 6 June, 1815
Jacob Howell, Catharine Fox Griffiths 9 July, 1814
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108 ONTABIO mSTOBlOAL sooncTT.
Kingston Baptisms.
ParmU^ Nam€$ ChMt^% N&mm Time whtn
1805 Bom.
Vof. 12 J<>hA Fenis, GhristiAiut Tajlor Aim 17 Jvm, 1802
Gormltai 81 Get, 180S
1808
Not. 6 Mm Dingman, HaniiAli Powly MIkb 21 QspL, 1806
1807
Mar. 23 Wm. Gnham, May 17^1|^itin«n Robert 7Jaii., 1807
Abraham Cronkrite, Elisabeth Finkto.... Willie -— Oet., 1806
1808
F^. 11 Adam Buck, Raehael Emmona Adam 280et., 1807
Qeofse Harper, Margret Staker Esther 17 April, 1806
Qeofge Honiiiig, Margaret Huffman Elisabeth 1 Jime, 1806
Wm. Graham, Mary Wightman Elisabeth 8 Jan., 1800
John Ferres, ChristiaDa Taybr Jean 1 Oet, 1806
, Mary CoUard Elenor Ron 19 Mar., 1806
Sstamd How, Jean Tenqrk Andrew 14 Nov., 1810
Andrew Teny<^ Katharine Bum William «22 Nov., 1810
Rieh'd Homing, Margret Hoffman John 10 Oet, 1810
James Ryckman, Sarah Zeofelt Tobias 28 May, 1810
Charies Eretet, Sarah Hawley Mary Ann Bdariah. . .24 Sept., 1811
Jo8q>h Ransier, Rachael Ransier Elisabeth 25 Sqyt., 1820
Isaae Dam, Mary Peters Isaae 27 Sept., 1820
Charies Odd, Ruth Howard Wm. Henry 8 April, 1822
James Odel, Martha Mars Charbtte Ruth 28 Aug., 1820
Adolphustown Baptisms.
George W. Miers, Alada Van Alstine Alley 29 June, 1800
Hermanns WendeD, Abagail Chase Catharine 28 May, 1800
Ayart Benson, Jean Van Blaricumb John 20 April, 1800
Jonathan Allen, Nancy Dugal Phebe 6 Nov., 1800
Wm. Rolnns, Mary Crawford William and Joseph... 10 Dec., 1800
Samuel Neilson, Jane Maybee Mary Ann 20 Dec, 1801
John Jackson, Mary Page Henry 17 8epL, 1802
Abraham Bogert, Mary lisier Peter Lent 14 April, 1802
Thomas Douglass, Caroline Sharp Hannah 1 Dee., 1804
Albert Benson, Jane Van Blaricum Peter 13 July, 1804
Abraham Bogert, Mary Lasier Gilbert Curtis 9 Oet, 1806
Th(»nas I. Douglass, Caroline Sharp Alida 18 Sept, 1806
Alexander Fisher, Henrietta McDonell. . .Helen 31 Mar., 1807
Cornelius Van Alstine, Rachael Dunham. Peter 30 Aug., 1807
Samuel Dorland, Jane Huyok Thcnnas 14 Aug., 1810
Nozon Harris, Elisabeth Maybee Jane Ann 19 Feb., 1810
Jacob HooYer, Margret Steel Milicent 13 Oet, 1809
Andrew Fisher, Henretta McDondl Henrietta 27 Mar., 1811
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BSQI8T1EB OF BAPTISMS BT BSV. BOBT. m'dOWAIX. 107
Richmond Baftisiib.
ParmtU' Namm Ckildrm*9 Namm Tvm uhm
Bom.
MicmlMli Jayne, Eleanor Bartky Maiy 11 Aug., 1801
Jehiel Wmoi]gbJ[>7, Sot'h Thomptoii EliBabetli 26 April, 1801
John HesB, Gatlutriiie BeU Mary 11 April, 18Q2
Geo. Louciu, SaDy Lyons Katharine 21 Mar., 1802
Adam Sager, Eliiabeih Oliver FMerick ^ Jan., 1802
Stzates Sicer, Catherine Dimond Jacob 20 Sept., 1802
Aaron OUyer, WeHheyen Bennett Katharine 22 Nor., 1806
Wimam Bowen, Mary Davie Luke 18 Jan. , 1808
Jacob DiuMHid, Margret Loiat Lena 13 Dec, 1802
Jamee (yBjoBy, Catharine Miere Katharine 13 Nov., 1802
John Ofiver, Raehael KeUey FMerick 16 JuJ^, 1804
Peter Porter, Hannah Stenibaxg Raehael 16 Sept, 1810
Artemus Coahman, Ana Cook Artennaa Wm 20 Aug., 1810
David Freeooyer, Katharine Lonz EHsabeth 30 Aug., 1804
Peter niimpe, Margret MeNutt Robert 20 Mar., 1806
John Grange, Agnee UdSm Hannah 10 Jan., 1806
Henry Wahoth, Margaret He« Hannah 18 Feb., 1807
Ganet Kmmerly, Katharine Love Andrew 8 Aug., 1808
Benj. Babcock, Sueanlk Smith Radiael 28 Dee., 1809
John Wahoth, Sarah Lewis Anna 8June, 1800
Andrew Kminerly, Snsuili Sager George 1 May, 1800
John Toung, Nancy MdEQm Thomas 16 JuJ^, 1808
Ebeneser Perry, ChrMana McPheieoiL. .Bfaigrel MeCaol 11 Nov., 1810
GilMTt Maiikle, Elisabeth Sager John 26 July, 1807
" (Merles 18Sept,1808
Wbl Seager, Mary Simth Niehoks 6May, 1810
Ganet Connelly, Catharine Louz Abraham 12Jiily, 1810
Strants Sager, Catharine Dimond Strauts 24 Feb., 1810
William L. Bowen, Mary Davis JohnUager 20et, 1810
Dimond, Sarah Sei«er MiDey 24 Mar. , 1839
Wbl Airiiart, Elenor Seiner Bedky Allia 24 May, 1839
John Merkle, Catharine BlcMioUe Georgs 16 Juie, 1829
^mes WOson, Mary MeMaster Mary Jane 6 Jan., 1838
Peter Conger, Mary Smith Henrietta 17 Feb., 1827
Wm. Seager, Mary Smith Eliaabeth 20et., 1814
John Woodcock, Blary Grindstone ITieholas 21 Sept., 1814
FMer Humps, Margret McNeil Christopher FMer'a. .27 Mar., 1814
PMer Woodcock, Elenor Woodcock Gilbert 9 Sept., 1814
Nidiohs Woodcock, Catharine Pariu Triny 19 June, 1813
" ....Hannah 12Sept., 1814
Arthur Toumans, Jane Kelly Mary 1 Aug., 1814
Asael Airiiart, Elisabeth Dirick George 11 Feb., 1811
PMer Seller, EhsabeUi Parin Naney Mariah 21 Sept., 1832
Peter Seager, Mary Zeal Sarah Ann 7 Dec, 1833
" Catharine 18Feb., 1824
" Mary 8July, 1826
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108 ONTAMO HI8TOBIOAL SOCIETY.
Hallowell Baptisms.
ParenU^ Names ChUdren'i Nam/u Time when
Bam.
John Peten, Marian Rogers David Rogen 4 Mar., 1800
Ebeneser Waahbum, Sarah De Forest. . . .Sarah 7 April, 1802
Hugh Robinson, Rebecca Dugal William 27 Dec., 1801
Lewis Lasier, Elisabeth Frafiok Nancy 1 Oct., 1802
Henry Zufelt, Elisabeth Young Daniel 2 Mar., 1802
Caleb Piatt, Lois Elsworth James 14 June, 1790^
Esthw 22 Dec., 1797
Jacob 28Jan., 1800
Caleb 3Dec., 1801
1803
Mar. 23 Lois Elsworth, wife of Caleb Piatt 5 Feb., 1779
Hugh Robinson, Rebecca Dugal Samuel 14 Sept., 1803
Joseph Grant, Mary .Hnkes Sarah Hannah 20 May, 1800
Rachael 6 Mar., 1803
Merian 6 May, 1804
John SUnson, Jean Stinson Margaret 13 Aug., 1799
" " John 21Dec, 1804
Isaac Morrison, Ann Blakely John 18 Not., 1804
Caleb Piatt, Lois Elsworth Jemima 6 Jan., 1800
Daniel Young, Dorcas Conger Rosannah 25 Oct., 1804
John Angel, Rebeccah Elles Carolina 29 Oct., 1805
John Zufelt, Elisabeth Young John 17 May, 1805
Elephalet Adams, Mary Washburn Daniel 2 Oct, 1807
Wm. Blakely, Hannah Mowerson Geo. Campbell 4 June, 1809
James Blakely, Elisabeth Mowerson James Mowerson 20 April, 1809
Samuel Blakdy, Anna C. Bmith James 6 Not., 1808
Thomas Stinson, Jane Stinson Thomas No date.
Daniel Young, Dorcas Conger Daniel 25 Oct, 1807
Elephalet Adams, Mary Washbum Lucy 22 April, 1806
Sarah 60ct., 1809
James Cummings, Christiana TVumpour. .Isabel Mary 18 Nov., 1809
Caleb Piatt, Lois Elsmvth Huklah 17 Mar., 1806
John 23 April, 1810
James Cnmrnings, Christiana Trumpour . .Ann Elisabeth 6 May, 1812
Robert Johnson, Martha Armstrong James 23 Sept., 1820
David Goldsmith, Nancy Shibley Davis 28 Dec, 1826
David Wey, Elisabeth Brooks Jennet 30 Nov., 1820
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MATiRTAGE BSQIBTXB OF BTBPHSN CONGKB, J.P. 109
MARRIAGE REGISTER OF STEPHEN CONGER, J.P.,
HALLOWELL.
Note.— Stephen Conger, Justice of the Peace, of HaUowell, Prince Edward County;
was a son of DaTid Conger, one of the U.E.L. pioneers of that county. David Conger
was a natiye of Pisataqua, New Jersey, where his son Stephen was also bom. He
came first to Upper Canada in 1786, selected and purchased a bt, with a mill site, in
Hallowell, two miles east <^ Picton on Bay of Quinte tibote. He returned and moved
his family the next 3rear, bringKog with him the irons and castings for a saw-mill, which
he erected there, being the first mill of the kind built in Prince Edward County. A
little later he bidlt also a grist mill on the same lot. There have been mills there ever
since. The Conger Methodist church was built on the same lot in 1809, and is now the
eldest Methodist church in actual use in the Province of Ontario. Stephen was a boy
of fourteen years old when his father moved, and is said to have driven, or helped to
drive, some cows bfJonging to the family all the way from New Jersey, being over a
month on the road. He was i^pointed a Justice of the Peace and was sworn into
oflfice at Kingston, JuJ^ 14th, 1803, being one of the first in Prince Edward County.
In the absence in the county of any minister legally qualified to marry, he solemnised
seventy-six marriages between 1803 and 1823, some of whom became the heads of
oome of the largest and most respectable families in the county. During all that timo
a number of the eariy Methodist ministers regulariy travelled there, but they were not
legally allowed to marry then. Among them were Revs. Darius Dunham, Joseph
Jewell, Joseph Sawyer, Thomas Madden, Sylvanus Keeler, Henry Ryan, William Case^
Thomas Whitehead, Isaac B. Smith, John Reynolds, David Cu^, Esra Adams, Isaac
Puffer, James Wilson, Franklin MetGftlf, and Wyatt Chamberlain. It will be seen these
well-known ministers often published the parties, but they had to come to the Justice
of the Peace to be legally married. Mr. Conger was father^n^w <^ the late John P.
Roblin, M.PJ^., and Registrar for Prince Edward, and father of Roger Bates Conger,
M.P.P. T. W. Casbt.
The following is the list from Stephen Conger's reoard:
1. Married Oharlee Huff, of Adolphuslown, and Eliza-
beth Russelly of Thwrlow, both in the Midland
District of Upper Canada, on the 26 Aug., 1803
2. Luis Qerman and ITanc^^ McEea. . .Sophiasburgh, Mar. 18^ 1804
3. Michael Cryderman and Prudence Pettit, ^aZZ(>ii;eR^ Apr. 7, 1805
4. Abraham Maybee^ AineU<i8.; Polly Johnson ^^ June.9y 1805
5. Benben Bnrlingham and Phebe Leavens. ^^ Sept. 9, 1805
6. Daniel McFall and Hannah Cunningham '^ Dec 16, 1805
7. Robt Huyck, Amelias.; Eleanor McMaster '' Mar. 6, 1806
8. Elijah Cunningham and Sarah Hyatt. . . '' Mar. 18, 1806
9. Stephen Burdette^Jfarysbiir^^; Jane Steel '^ May 1, 1807
10. EnodiSolomon8^aIL;Elizab^Rycbnan,i9()p%«a«., July 22,1807
11. Abram Barker and Mary Hubbs HaUowea, Sept, 27, 1807
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110 ONTAUO HI8TOBI0AL flOOIETT.
12. ^James Armatrong and Hannah Dougall^aOcHi^eO^ Oot 9, 1807
13. Samuel Orser and Elizabeth Johnson. . '' Oct 12, 1807
14. Nicholas Peterson, HdH; 'Peggy Van Tassel, Fred., May 30, 1809
15. Daniel Leavens and Jane Blount HaUoweU, June 27, 1809
16. Benjamin Dunham and Betsy Wliite. . • " Oct 17, 1809
17. Stephen Palmer and Abagail Jones ** Jan. 10, 1810
18. fBichard Clute and Sabra Ann Goldsmith '' Mar. 10,1810
Produced a license from His Ezcell^K^ Francis Gore, Lieut-
Governor of Upper Canada.
19. Moees White and Jane Stinson dongeT.HalloweU, Mar. 20, 1810
20. :t^ Jonathan Greely and Harriet Wessels. .Sophias., July 23, 1810
21. Aaron Camahan and Sarafaria Sickles. .HaUowell, Aug. 29, 1810
22. Luis Shombou and Mary Ann Cardinal. '* Dec 15, 1810
23. William Black and Sophia Petencm *' Feby. 3, 1811
24. Abraham Warren and Deborah Elsworth ** Sept 6, 1811
25. §Gurret Striker and Lidia Bowerman.. ** Sept 30, 1813
26. William Yourx and Lilius Travis HdOoweU, Oct 3, 1813
27. Peter Seoard, Elizabeth Winalow (licensed) " Mar. 9, 1816
28. John Terwilliger, HaU.; Rosanna Vandusen, Soph., Apr. 4, 1815
29. Levi Bates, of Hamilton, District of Newcastle, and
Fanny Yandusen SopMaeburgh (license), Jan. 10, 1812
80. Elijah Orser and Raohael Brown HaOoweU, Jan. 1, 1816
31. llOilbert Miller, HaO.; Elizabeth llnjA. Amelias., Mar. 11, 1816
(By publication by Deacon Adams.)
32. Gilbert Purdy and Asenath Qddsmith. .HdUoweU, May 1, 1816
33. Henry A. Johnson, HaU.; Phebe Caaej.Adolphus., May' 18, 1816
(Published by Bev. Ezra Adama)
34. Joseph Hicks and Elizabeth Hicks HaUowea, Sept 3, 1816
36. Benjamin Hidis and Sarah Qeroe '' Oct 18, 1816
(Published by Bev. Thomaa Madden.)
86. Ira Lamson and Mary Yourx ^ Nov. 20, 1816
(Published by Rev. Thomas Madden.)
87. James Piatt and Mary Hides, both of . . . " Mar. 4, 1817
(Published three Sundays by Bev. Ezra Adams.)
88. John Warren, HaUowell; Nelly Rydnnan, Sophias., Apr. 27, 1817
(Published three Sundays by Bev. Ezra Adama)
•He WM fathM^in-law of the Imte Rer. Dr. Bgerton Rjereon. and of Dr. John
Beatty, for many yean a Professor fai Victoria CoUese and Mayor of Cobourv.
tThe ffrand-parenta of Roger B. Clute, Q.C., of Toronta
tThe parents of the late Abs<dom Qreety, M,P.P., for Prince SMward.
IThe parents of the late Qldeon Striker, ILP.P., for Prince Bdward.
|He became the Rev. Gilbert Miller, a weU known Methodist minister.
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MABBIAOE KEOI8TSB OF BTBPHSlf OOKOER^ J.P. Ill
39. Samuel Widbun^ Sarah JoBepk (colored), Sophia^., Aug. 27, 1817
(Published regularly by Bei7. Darius Dunham.)
40. Charles Sharp and Caty Thompeon. 8ophi<uburgh, Dec. 14, 1817
(Both Colored people, published by Rev. Wyatt
Chamberlain.)
41. Albert Ryekman, Sophiaaburgh; Charity Warren,
HaUaweU, July 6, 1818
(Published by Rev. Wyatt Chamberlain.)
42. Jacob Cooney and Susannah Pine. .Ameliatimrgh, Sept. 22, 1818
(IT. B. traviled 10 miles throu^ the mud and got
nothing for it)
43. Jesse Henderson and Susan Eliza Thuris(m, HalL, Dee. 24, 1818
(License, bearing date Dec 21, 1818; rec^d one guinea.)
44. John Black and Matilda Johnson HaUoweU, June 6, 1819
(Published by Rev. John Tuke.)
45. Jrfm Goldsmith and Phebe Orser EdOoweU, June 19, 1819
(Published by Rev. Thomas Madden.)
46. Robert McCamon and Elizabeth Wes8els.i9op&ta«., July 22, 1819
47. Samuel Ryekman, iS'op^ww.; Watty Dyre,ffaZfot(;eK^ Jan. 10,1820
(Published by myself, S. Conger.)
48. Abraham Weeks and Cinderilla Hare. . . " Jan. 11, 1820
(Published by myself, S. Conger.)
49. G^rge Zufelt and Susannah Lawson. . . ^^ (^o date.)
50. Jas. Potter Spencer and Catharine Rankin ^^ Mar. 18, 1820
51. Caleb Williams and Gloranah Young. . . " May 8, 1820
62. Joseph Daly and Polly Benson Sophiasburgh, Sept. 18, 1820
(Published by Deacon Medcalf.)
53. Geo. Goodwell and Betsy York (Colored), JEToZioM/eB, Oct 10,1820
54. Francis Yett and Jraiima Goodwell " Dec 12, 1820
55. Daniel Williams and Catharine Howell. .Sophias., Dec 18, 1820
(Published by Mr. Wright)
56. William Yerrex and Phebe Herrington.HoZfoweB, Mar. 18, 1821
(Published by Rev. James Wilson.)
57. John Phillips and Catharine Smith " May 1, 1821
58. William McGrath and Mahitabel Simson " June 5, 1821
(Regularly published by Cornelius Vanalstine, Esquire.
Said marriage forbid by her father but not for law-
ful reasons, and no attention paid to it by me.)
69. Archibald Miller and Elizabeth Abraham, HattoweU, July 23, 1821
(A very rainy day. Certificate given.)
60. Abraham Hyatt and Phebe Cole " Oct 22, 1821
(Published by myself.)
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113 OITTABIO BJBTOBICAL SOOIXTT.
61. James Cardinal and Deliali Darling. • .HaUoweU, 'Nw. 11, 1821
(Published by myself.)
62. Andrew Hnyd: and Maiy Dyre " Dec 12, 1821
(Published by myself.)
63. William Emerson and Rosanah Young. . ** Jan. 21, 1822
(Published by myself. Certificate given.)
64. Joseph Rumbold and Phebe Smith '' FeK 14, 1822
(Published by Eev. James Wilson.)
65. David Conger Goldsmith and Elizabeth
Carthy HdOoweU, Feb. 26, 1822
(Eegularly published by Eev. James Wilson.)
66. James Benson, Sophias.; Mary Trader. .HdOaweU, Feb. 27,1822
(Published by Rev. James Wilson.)
67. Henry Bennam and Jane Hewlin ^^ May 4, 1822
(Published by Eev. James Wilson.)
68. Hazeltan Spencer and Harriatt McKenzie " Mar. 31, 1822
69. Samuel Harding and Elizabeth Stanton. '^ May 19, 1822
(Eeceived three crowns. Certificate given.)
70. James Rankin and Elizabeth Johnson. .HdOoweU, Mar. 26, 1822
71. ♦John Conger and Maria Wilson " July 2, 1822
(Published by Deacon S. Fergusson.)
72. t^Usha Miller and Elizabeth Tagarty an English
woman, late of Montreal, but now of HalloweU,
by my own publication, at his sons, Gilbert
Miller, on Sunday (a very rainy day) Aug. 4, 1822
73. Jacob Miller and Harriet Brown HaUoweU, Aug. 25, 1822
74. Modest Duplessis, HaUoweU; and Catharine M.
Qempsey Sophiasbvrgh, Dec 5, 1822
(Published by S. Conger,)
76. Samuel Hyatt and Jane Cole HalloweU, Mar. 18, 1823
(Published by me.)
76. William Bull and Jane Clark AmeUafbtarffh, Mar. 27, 1823
(Published by me.)
The following occurs in a Methodist Baptism Becord, kept by James
Dougall, Esq., for the Circuit :
" Solemnization of Matrimony between John Carley and Dorcas
Conger, both of HalloweU, according to the form of our Church
(Methodist), Mar. 2nd, 1817, by Thomas Madden, Elder.
" Solemnization of Matrimony between John Piatt Williams and
Mary Yeomans, both of HalloweU, according to the form of our
Church, Feb. 3rd, 1817, by Thomas Madden, Elder."
*The parents of the Conger Brothera, publiflhen of the Pioton OoMtte.
tThe grandfather of the late A. C IMlller, M.P., for Prince Bdward Co.
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BOICX DBBOBHBAKTS OF J06XPH B&4KT. 113
SOME DESCENDANTS OF JOSEPH BRANT.
BY J. O JIJATEKHA BBAlfTHSEBO
Joseph Brant was married three tunee: firstly, to Margaret
dam^ter of an Oneida Chief; seoondlj, to Susanna, sister of Margaret;
thirdly, to Catharine, said to have been the daughter of Colonel Cro^an
by an Indian wifa (See Drake's History and Biography of Josei^
Brant) The eldest child of the first union was Isaao; the second
child was Christina. Of the second marriage there was no issue.
Of the third marriage seven children were bom.
John Brant is the most notable of the sons of Joseph. He occupied
many (creditable positions with the N.E. Company; was Superintendent
of the Six Nation Indians; and he was finally elected a member of
parliament for Haldimand. Unfortunately, in 1832, he died from
diolera.
The object in view in preparing this paper is to trace that branch
of the Brant family tree which seems to have almost disappeared from
local histories. Probably this is owing to the fact that Isaac had a
very unenviable reputation, he having quarrelled with his father and
received a scalp wound at Dundum Pari:, — ^then known to the Indians
as BihserihnelL Many have maintained that Isaac was killed outright^
but, as a matter of fact, he died in the vicinity of Brantford, in the
year 1796. He was bom about the year 1762, in New York State, at
Canajoharic Castle, and was educated in the neighborhood, probably at
Fort Hunter, where Dr. Stewart opened a school in the year 1771.
His education, however, was said to have been completed at Niagara.
After the Eevolutionary War he married Mary Hill, (Athahondis'on, a
Mdiawk), whose brother was John Hill (Chief Sadekariwadeh, of the
Turtle gens). Her mother^s name was Esther, (Dekahondahgweh).
Isaac's widow died about the year 1826. The writer's grandmother
distinctly remembers seeing her at her house near the old Mohawk
churcL
Two girls were bom of this marriage, named Ellen and Margaret.
Mention is made among some correspondence which has come to hand
of two 'lovely children of Isaac's'' at the house of Brant, in Burling-
ton, indicating that Isaac did not marry eariy, since he was over
thirty years of age at the time of his death, in 1796. Both girls were
bom in the vicinity of Brantford. They were fairly well educated.
Ellen, the eldest, married, about the time of her grandfather's death
at Burlington Beach, Joseph Lotteridge, a half-breed, whose Dutdi and
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114 Om^ABIO HI8TOBICAB SOOIBTT.
17. E. Loyalist deeoent is traced to die Mohawk Valley. His mother
was a Mohawk woman, named O^ Weanogan. Joseph Lotteridge died
in 1864. Five children were bom of this union, namely Mary (living),
Margaret (deceased), Esther (living), Catharine (deceased), and Isaac
(living).
Margaret, the second child of Isaac Brant, was married to Jacob
Lewis, (Dakerhidontydii). One boy was bom who survived his parents.
He died when quite young. Of JSllen's children, Mary was bom on
March 21st, 1817,* on the Waterhouse farm, on the north banks of the
Grand River, near Brantford. She is still living. She was married
three times: first, to Daniel Doxtater, a Mohawk; the second time to
Samson Hess, also a Mohawk; and the third time to Rev. Abram
Sickle, an Oneida. Of this last marriage there was no issua Of the
first marriage seven diildren were bom, of whom but one is living.
Chief Daniel Doxtater, bom October 7th, 1837. He married Zeby
Carpenter, now deceased. Ten children were bom of this union, of
whom four are now living, Daniel, Julia, Job, and Mary. Daniel
married Susan Green and had six children. Julia, married to Uriah
Martin, has issue, three children; Job, married to Lydia (Squire) Hill,
had also three children. Mary is unmarried.
Hess Family. — Of the second marriage, John Enoch, and William
are living. John married first, Mary Hill Ja<±et, daughter Chief
David Hill Jacket and Eva, issue Samson; second, married Christina
Hill Jacket, and has issue five children. One girl, named Ellen, is
married to David Herkimer (Objiwa). Enoch, married to Mary
Magdelene G^rge; had no issue. William, married September 24th.,
1876, to Sarah Crawford, has issue, one girl, Nellie, living, unmarried.
Of the third marriage, no issue. The marriage of Bev. Abram Sickle
(Oneida), from the Thames River, took place at the Six ITation Beserve
on March 13th, 1873. Bev. A. Sickle was a Methodist, and devoted his
whole life to christianizing his people. Moving hatk to his Beserve
the year following his marriage to Mary Hess, he remained at his post
until the fatal accident occurred in London, when he fell backwards
and broke his neck, dying instantly, on the 23rd of May, 1884. His
widow returned to her former home, and is now among those
present here.
The second daughter of Ellen Lotteridge, the grand-daughter of
Isaac Brant, was bom in May, 1819. Her name was Margaret. She
was married to John Sawyer. She died a few 3^ears ago, leaving a
large family of ten children, consisting of Esther, John, Alexander,
Peter, Jacob, Levi, Dan, Sarah, Mary, and Isachar. Most of these, or
*Dat6 doubtfoL
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SOHX DBSOSNDAHnrS OF J08SPH BBAHT. 115
all of tliem, are married and have ehildreiL Esther Lotteridge, third
diild, was bom March 20th, 1821, on the site of the ci^ of Brantford.
She was baptised at the Old Mohawk church and received her
education at the Mohawk Institute, which was established in the
year 1822. The same year the Methodist Mission began its work
on the Grand Biver.
Esther was married, first to Peter Powless, a McdiawE Ljdia and
Peter were bom of this union. Both are living. Lydia was bom June
19th, 1842 ; married to Comdius Cornelius, an Oneida. About sixteen
children were bom to Lydia. Nine dau^ters are living. Jemima,
Mary, Esther, and Susanna are married and have large families.
Daughters of Jemima and Esther are married and have several
diildren. Five living generations are represented in this branch of
the Brant family. Peter, second child and only son of Esther (living),
was bom on the Grand River at Newport, which was formerly called
Bureh^s Landing, in the days of the Grand River Navigation Company,
on June 10th, 1844. He is at present the hereditary Chief, bearing
the name of Shadekariwade, and speaker in the Council for the Three
Brothers. He is married to Catharine Henhawk, and has a large
family, most of them boys. Elizabeth, bom 1872, is the widow of a
Tuscarora Indian from Lewiston, New York State, and she has two
children.
The second marriage of Esther was to an Oneida Chief, the Rev.
Thomas Funn. In his day he was speaker in the Council for the Four
Brothers. He manifested great interest in the general welfare of the
Six Nation people, devoted his time and energies in the Council and at
religious gatherings. For many years before his death he occupied the
Methodist pulpit^ being, it is generally claimed, an eloquent speaker.
The Wesleyan Methodists ordained him a minister of the Gospel in the
year 1853. At the same time a call was extended to him from the Oneida
Reserve, but he refused to accept it^ thinking, no doubt, that the Six
Nations had a prior claim upon his labors. He died in 1856 after a
few days illness of typhoid fever. Seven children were bom of this
marriage, of whom Ellen, Elizabeth, and Catharine are living. They
are all married, and have issue.
Ellen, the first child of the second marriage, was bom August 24th,
1848, and married in the year 1864, on the 14th of February to Tanish,
or Denis Shero or Sero, son of John and Dorothy Sero, Bay of Quinte
Mohawks, who had left their former home, and travelled by ox-team,
passing throu^ York on the way. John lived to the age of 77. His
widow, who died three years ago, is said to have been bom in the
winter of 1770.
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116 ONTABIO HI8TOBI0AL SOOIETT.
The American war separated them for a time after their marriage,
for Denis joined the soldieiB of the North and was stationed at Georgia.
He returned to Canada in the fall of 1865. On the 10th of June, 1867^
John was bom. Juliana was bom on June 16th, 1869. She died in
infancy. Albert was bom July 16th, 1876. Denis Sero died Septem-
ber 3id, 1876, and was buried at the White School House, where aU
his children were baptized His widow, Ellen, is married to Peter
Martin, son of Alexander and Eva (deceased). Two girls and one boy,
the issue of this second marriage, are living. The eldest girl, Agnee
Adeline, married Peter Miller, son of Josiah, in 1898.
John, the first child of Ellen and Denis, was bom about two miles
from the south banks of the Grand Biyer, in a log house, which is still
there. He was baptized at the Methodist church, commonly known
as the White School House. While he was in England, circumstances
arose in which it was necessary he should produce a baptismal certifi-
catei This was impossible at the time. Under the guidance and
tutorship of the Eev. Henry Henn, M.A., Fellow of Cambridge Univer-
sity, England, it was decided that the only way out of the difKculiy
was to have another baptism, the Bev. Henry Henn, and Bev. Chas.
Priff to be godfathers, on condition that the name of ^^Brant" foe taken
as part of the name, and to be hyphened with that of Sero. Accord-
ingly, in the month of June John was re^diristened at St Paul's
(Ohurch of England) ,Preston, Lancashire, England, as ^^ John Ojijatekhal
Brant*' He married Frances Baynes Kirby, widow of the Bev. H. W.
Kirby, rector Field Broughton, Grange-overSands, LancaAire.
Albert, the second son of Ellen, is still unmarried. Elizabeth,
the second daughter of Esther and Thomas Funn, is married to Samson
ITewhouse, Mohawk. She has five children, — two girls and three boys,
none of whom are married.
Catharine, the third dau^ter, married Jacob Smith, an Oneida.
Of this marriage five children are living, namely, Albert, Jonas,
Emy, Mary Jane, and Cisc^. Albert is married and has three children.
Emy married Martin in 1896.
Peter Schyler, an Oneida, was the third husband of Esther. Several
children were bom of this union, but they all died in infancy. In
1869, on Sept 2nd, Esther was married for the fourth time. This
husband was a Mohawk named Isaac Olaus. There was no issue of
this union. Isaac Claus died October 19th, 1893. His widow survives ;
she is seventy-seven years of age, and grandmother of the writer.
Catharine, or Eaty, ^e fifth child of Ellen and Joeej^ Lotteridge,
was bom in 1829. She married William Canada Marides, a Bay of
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BEMABX8 ON THS MAPS FBOM 8T. SBQIS TO AAULT BTS. MARIS. 117
Quiiite Mohawk, who is now living. Catharine died, July 25th, 1892,
leaving three sons. She had one daughter, who died previous to her
mother, and who was married to David Williams. The three sons aro
living, namely, William Henry, married to Mary Hill ; Samuel Daniel,
married to Hannah Hill Jacket; and John Peter, married to Mary Ann
Qonwaninow Hill. All have issue.
Isaac, the only son living, was bom 1827. Married three times:
first to Lydia Powless, tissue; seccmd, to Catherine Ducan; third,
to Gkrlow. One daughter and one son are living, and married.
Both have large families.
Hamilton, Owt., June, 1898.
REMARKS ON THE MAPS FROM ST. REGIS TO SATJLT
STE. MARIE.
By the 6th article of the Treaty of Ghent it is provided: the
boundary line separating His Majesty's Dominions from the United
States shall be the middle of the River Cataraqui (or Iroquois).
When the survey was undertaken to decide the place of the above
boundary line, several important questions arose not contemplated in
the Treaty; among which was that as the middle of the River is a line
equidistant from both banks of the River, this line would often
intersect islands, which would give a boundary line on land, under
circumstances very inconvenient to each Power, especially on civil and
criminal processes, illicit trade, &c., &c. It was therefore determined
that to whatever power the greater part of intersected island should
belong, that power should have the whole of the Island, and thus avoid
all of the above evils. This decision was approved and confirmed by the
Foreign Office and at Washington. It may be said, by following the
middle of the greatest navigable channel, a boundary line could have
been readily established ; but on my great surveys of this Continent to
the latitude of 60^ northi, I examined almost all the great rivers from
their sources to the eastern seas or Pacific ocean, and found them all
ical law with the great rivers in Europe, and in
this Continent, the deep channel for 5 miles out
md on the North side of the River. After the
this truth was forced on the United States
insisted on the middle of the deep channel for
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118 Om^ABIO HIBTOSIOAL 80CI9TT.
the boimdary line, but was kept to the letter of the Treaty. The
Treaty of 1783 gave peace to the United States, but their treasuries
were exhausted. To raise money the State of New York sold to the
Holland Company large tracts of land, among which were all the
islands in the River Oataraqui from St. Begis to Lake Ontario, whidi,
by the boundary to be drawn, should belong to the State of New York.
The several naval commanders who had been in charge of Kingston
Harbor, the vessels on the lakes, &a, had sent to the Admiralty from
time to time their opinions on the necessity of securing to Great
Britain certain islands for the protection of the Navy, &a, at Kingston,
&a These were transmitted to the Foreign Office and forwarded to
the British Conmiissioners, and every place pointed out by the
Admiralty for the safety of our Navy, &c., was obtained; the
principal of which was Grande Isle, opposite to Kingston. By the
Treaty this Island belonged to the United States and on account of the
Holland Company was considered hopeless; but at the time the division
of the Islands took place, certain peculiar circimistances happened,
whidi enabled the British Commissioners to exchange Grande Isle
above the Niagara Falls for Grand Isle opposite Kingston, on condition
of indemnifying the Holland Company by giving up British Isles to
make up 13,3591/^ acres — ^the difference in area between the two islands.
This will account for several islands in the River Oataraqui being placed
on the side of the United States.
As the obtaining Grande Isle near Kingston was strongly recom-
mended by the Admiralty, I paid more than common attention to the
depth of water along its shores, and found the South side to be so shoaly
that in many places at 100 yards from the shore there was only 4 or 5
feet of water. In order to have the free use of this side of the Island
it was proposed and agreed that the boundary line should be 100 yards
from the shores of all islands, and if the space between the opposite
shores was less than 200 yards then the boundary line should be the
middle between the two shores, and the distance of 100 yards also
gives free space for the construction of Rafts, &c., to both nations.
The field books and the books of the results of the triangles will
show with what careful accuracy the whole survey was performed.
The field book containing the notes of the survey of part of the
East end of Lake Ontario, the Niagara River, &c., &c., is not now sent>
as it is not half full, and can contain the field notes of the West end of
Lake Erie, &c., &c., and will be forwarded with the second section. A
book of two quires, containing the astronomical observations for
Latitude, Longitude, &c., &c., is in the same state and may probably
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BEMABKS ON THB MAPS VBOK BT. XBaiB TO SAULT 8TE. MABIE. 119
oontain all the obeervations made on the anirey. The field notes^ &e.y
&C., of the United States Astronomer and gairejor and party are
forwarded in originial as delivered by ma They made very few
observationa for Latitude^ Longitade, &o.y &c.y and none were exchanged.
The areas of the idands ordered to be calculated by the CcHnmissioners
in the River Cataraqui are as follows: Cornwall Island contains 1973
acres; Bamhart's Island, 1716 acres; Lower Long Sault Island, 1969
acres; Upper Long Sault Idand 1859 acres; Eastern Cat Isle, 90 acres;
Crysler^s Isle, 54 acres; Gkx)se Neck Island, 414 acres; Ist Isle, No. 1,
8 acres; and 2nd Isle, No. 2, 45 acres; Hane's Island, 138 acres;
Bapid Plat Island (Ogdens.), 806 acres; Isle a Ousson, 91 acres; The
Gallop Islands^ No. 1, 33 acres; No. 2, 8 acres; No. 3, 66 acres; Na 4,
5 acres; No. 6, 21 acres; No. 6, 2 acres; No. 7, 13 acres; No. 8, 22
acres; No. 9, 21 acres; No. 10, 497 acres; Tick Isle, 12 acres; Chim-
ney or Isle Koyal, 6 acres; Grenadier Island, 1,070 acres; *GrindBtone
Island, 5,316 acres; Wells's Island, 7950% acres; Grand Isle (opposite
Kingston) 31,283% acres; Duck Isle, 151 acres; Lesser Duck, 9 acres;
GJoat, or Iris Isle, 72% acres; Navy Island, 304% acres; Grand Isle
(Niagara River), 1792% acres.
(Signed) David Thompson,
Astronomer and Surveyor.
6 and 7 articles of the Treaty of Ghent
MowTBBAL, October 24th, 1836.
The Honobabub John Maoauly,
Sib, — ^The maps of tie boundary line between His Majesty^s
Dominions and the United States now sent to you on 38 sheets of
antiquarian paper, and numbered from 27 to 64 inclusive. No map of
Lake Erie could be procured, the rough survey of this lake by Captain
Owen not being deemed sufficiently accurate to be a national document.
Numbers 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, and 32 contain the survey of the west end
of the Lake Erie, which survey, on account of the pestilential Marshes,
4c., took part of three years to complete. It was thought a matter of
importance to acquire, if possible, a correct knowledge of the extent
and nature of the Marshes, Fens, &c., &c., that border the west end of
Lake Erie, and whether it could be possible to drain them into the
lake. Captain Douglas, of the United States Engineers, and Professor
of Mathematics at West Point, was for that year (1819) the Astronomer
and Surveyor on the part of ihe United States, and we agreed, eadi of
us, to examine the sides of survey, and give the best estimation we
coidd form without any actual survey being made. Captain Douglas
•This word la Mild to be a corruption of granite etone.
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120 ONTABIO mSTOBIOAL 800IETT.
computed the South-West side of Lake Erie, induding the Marshes and
Fens of the Sandusky and Maumee Rivers, to contain about 800 square
miles of apparently incurable Marsh and Fen. On the north-east side,
including the round 0, a very extaisive Marsh, Point P16, and the
Island, I computed 120 square miles, on the British side of the Lake,
all apparently incurable. Between the round O and the Marshes and
Fens to Point P16, the only barrier to the Lake, was generally a narrow
bar of sand, seldom one foot above the level of the Lake, and in many
places cut through by the waters of the marahes, etc Point TVs
Idand contains about 27 square miles of area, of which 24 square Miles
are Marsh, and the Idand is surrounded almost everywhere by a
narrow Low Bank of sand or Earth and Stones. When Lake Erie is
high the country appears healthy, but when the water of the Lake is
lowering (as in 1819) the Marshes also lower, and each faU of an inch
leaves from 40 to 100 yards dry, and the rich, oily, deoise, vegetable
substances with myriads of animalculse beocmie in a state of dissolu-
tion, and produce a most disgusting smelL Mr. Commissioner Ogilvie,
and 2 men, fell victims to the lake Fever, and the rest of us barely
escaped with our lives.
lumbers 33, 34 and 35 contain the survey of the Detroit River.
Had the middle of the River been followed the United States would
have been limited to 100 yards eastward of Orosse Isle; but the part
of the 6th article relative to the Detroit River and upwards is so
loosely worded, the IJnited States Commissioner claimed the middle of
the chaunel between Isle du Bois Blanc and Amherstburgh as the only
deep chaunel for ships and Steam Boats. This being refused he next
claimed Fox and Stoney Isles for protecting their navigation. This
claim was also most strenuously resisted, but Lord Castlereagh ordered
them to be given up.
Numbers 36 to 48 inclusive contain the survey of Lake St Clair
and its channels. The sides of Lake St Clair were surveyed by means
of pickets placed a distance from the shore; the angles at these pickets
were taken by a Sextant The old ship diannel through which the
boundary line passes was formerly the only navigable channel for
vessels drawing more than five feet of water. This diannel, as well as
almost all the channels, has now a shoal bar at its sortie, and the
present navigable channel is the most western. AU the Bars at the
discharge of the channels into the Lake appear to be of decomposed
wood, apparently brought down from Lake Huron, or the R. St Clair,
and from extensive shoals on the north-east end of the Lake.
Numbers 49, 50, 61 are the Maps of the River St Clair to its head
from Lake Huron. No. 62 is a general map of Lake Huron so
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TtTBMAKKB ON THS HAPS FBOM ST. SBGI8 TO SATTLT STB. ICABIX. 121
far aa ita shores could be known with accnraciy. For most of
the west side I am indebted to Oaptain Bayfield, who at that
time was also on the survey to Lake Huron. The Trigonometri-
cal Survey having determined the position of the shores and islands of
the upper end of Lake Huron, it became necessary to know to which
nation the 3 northern Manito Islands belonged. To the east shore a
survey could be carried, but to the west shore, as the mainland could
not be seen, a survey could not be carried but by means of tedious and
expensive operations. It was therefore determined by the BSoard that
the distance between the dioreB and the islands should be determined
by astronomical observations, and as the United States had no practical
astronomer, I had to perform it alone. The result of the observations
is the boundary line as laid down on the general map of Lake Hurcm
(number 53.)
Numbers 53 to 64 inclusive, contain the survey of the north-east
end of Lake Huron, with the boundary line which finishes the 6th
article of the Treaty of Ghent. The East Neebish Channel is the only
one that has sufficient depth of water for ship navigation. The middle
Neebish is the common channel for all lesser craft and. has the shortest
distance to the Falls of Ste. Maries. The West ITeebish is shoal and
circuitous. The middle of the middle ITeebish Channel was offered as
the boundary line, but the United States Commissioner demanded the
middle of the east channel whidi was positively refused, and this
refusal confirmed by Mr. Canning. The consequence was, the Blue
line became the Limit of the United States, and the Red Line that of
Great Britain, until further negotiations determined the boundary line
to the Falls of Ste. Maries, in the meantime each nation making use of
aU the <9iannels. With these Maps I have not forwarded the field
notes, &C., &G., as I am at a loss to know how to arrange them so as to
be of the most use, and easy of inspection. From the sufferings of the
Parties from fever, &c., the west end of Lake Erie was surveyed at
different times as health permitted, and L. St Clair after Lake Huron
from the same cause. To follow the order of time the Survey would
sometimes be in one place and sometimes in another. To me it appears
the best method will be to combine the Surveys of different times into
one survey, and follow the Line of the Country upwards to the head of
Lake Huron. The termination of the 6th article of the Treaty of
Ghent, on this^ I shall await your decision.
Very respectfully.
Tour obedient servant,
The Hon. John Maoattlat, [Signed] David Thompson.
Surveyor-Gbneral of Upper Canada.
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122 OHTABIO HISTOBIOAI. 8O0IBTT.
SKETCH OF PETEK TEEPLE, LOYALIST AND PIONEER
1762-1847.
Bt W. B. Watbbbitbt.
{Read B^fon At CowUff <4 ^^*n &w<oriea< fioeiaCy. crt Si, rikomcw, OiK.)
Captain Petee Tebple was bom near Trenton, New Jersey, July
14th, 1762. Bordentown is believed to be the locality.
His paraats were settlers from Holland in Kew Jersey, and he was
the youngest son of a well-to-do and fairly numerous family. He had
at least three brothers, John, James, and (George, all of whom were in
the Continental Army under G^rge Washington in the war of Inde-
pendence which raged from 1776 \x> 1783. About the year 1779, Peter
was still living at the old home, and then in his 18th year. Being
possessed of a very handsome horse, he kept it carefully hidden from
view of the contending armies, rightly fearing it might be confiscated
for war purposes. One day, however, whilst leading it to water, he
was surprised by the Patriot cavalry, and forced to give it up. He
afterwards stated that, being at that time unable to speak English (his
family, as stated before, being Hollanders) he was takai at a great
disadvantaga The occurrence so angered the boy, who prided himself
on the possession of so handsome a horse, that he immediately tied up
a bundle of clothing and started on foot for New York, then occupied
by the British, which he reached safely, and there joined the British
cavalry. Having a good education and being naturally bright and
intelligent, he soon acquired a fluent use of the English language, and
being of tall and commanding presence, and a good soldier, he rapidly
rose to the rank of Captain, and was placed in command of a troop
of cavalry, being a part of the corps known as the "New Jersey
Volunteers.*'
He took part in several notable engagements, and many times had
an opportunity to forage for supplies for his tax)op among the sup-
porters of the Patriot army which had deprived him of his beloved
steed. On one occasion while scouting in Virginia, a bullet from the
rifle of an American sharp-shooter killed the charger upon which he
was mounted. At the dose of the war in 1783, Captain Teeple's
cavalry troop was disbanded at Halifax, and, owing to his fine
physique, being six feet four inches in height, he was offered great
inducements to proceed with the British army to England and accept a
commission in His Majesty's life Guarda He declined the offer, and
later expressed misgivings as to the wisdom of his choice. He then left
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CAPT. PETER TEEPLE,
U. E. Loyalist
1762-1847
Captain in the "New Jersey Volunteers" in the Revolutionary
War. Pioneer of Long Point in 1793. One of the first five Jus-
tices of the Peace for London District in 1800. Served at the
Battle of Lundy's Lane in 1814. Died at Centreville, Oxford
County, Ont., in 1847, aged 85.
The original of this portrait was drawn on the fly-leaf of a book
by a runaway slave from the United States about 1840.
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8KBT0H OF PXTBB TESPLSy LOTALIBT AND PIONEKB. 128
FalifaXy proceeding with a laige nnmber of other disbanded soldiers,
and many refngees, to New Brunswick, where Loyalist settlements had
been established at Saint John, and at a place called Waterboiongh,
situated on Grand Lake about sixty miles up the Biyer Saint Jcdm*
From being a captain of horse, he now became captain of a trading
vessel plying between Saint John and New York.
At Saint John he met and married, in 1785, Lydia Mabee, one of
the five daughters of Frederick Mabee, a prominent Quaker refugee
from New York, whose father, Simon, a Hollander, and his mother,
Marie Landrine, a French Lady, had settled near Sing Sing in the State
of New York.
Fbedebiok Mabee was a United Empire Loyalist, whose home had,
at the British evacuation of New York, been confiscated, and himself
and family subjected to indignity by many of his formerly kind
neighbors, because he declined to swear allegiance to the new Bepublic,
holding, as he no doubt conscientiously did, that the grievances of the
colonists should be settled by constitutional means rather than by the
sword.
Having heard of the wonderful fertility and natural advantages o£
the Long Point (or as it was first called, the Turkey Point) country in
Upper Canada from his cousin Peter Secord, a U.E. Loyalist who had
accompanied him to Saint John from New York, and who, being an
old hunter, had already penetrated the wilds of Upper Canada with
one G^eoige Ramsay, an Englishman, on a hunting and exploring trip,
he resolved to form a small colonization party to open a permanent
settlement at Turkey Point Gathering many of his relatives together,
including his son-in-law Captain Teeple, the "Mabee party,'' as they
were afterwards called, set out in the fall of 1792, but they wintered
at Quebec, and did not reach Turkey Point until some time in 1793.
They brought some housdiold goods, drove several cows, rode
horses, and employed an Indian guide to pilot the way threugh
the wilderness, llie men drove the animals along the shore, the
women came in the boats, going ashore at night to camp. During
the journey threugh the wilds they sustained themselves laigely on
commeal, and milk frem the cows. The party consisted of Fredericjc
Mabee and wife Lavinia (bom Pellum, or Pelham) ; Oliver Mabee,
their eldest son, aged about 19 ; Simon, aged 17 ; Pellum, the youngest
son, aged about 5 ; three single daughters, Polly, Betsy, and Sally; and
two married daughters, Nancy, with her husband John Stone, and
Lydia, with her husband Captain Peter Teeple and their three children.
IBQs cousin, Peter Secord, and Thomas Walsh, also came with the
'^abee party/'
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124 ONTABIO HI8TOBIOAL SOODSTT.
Frederick Mabee at once erected the first log cabin e^er built in the
new settlement; at the foot of the hill over-looking Turkey Point
Their com was pounded in the stump of a walnut tree, the pecrtle being
attached to a " sweep '' like the " Old Oaken Bucket"
One year after the arrival of the party he died of apoplexy, and
was buried in a hollowed-out walnut log coffin* He waa the first white
man buried in the new settlement^ and a large boulder marks his tomb
near Turkey Point His widow subsequently married Lieut Wm. R
Hilton, a New York Loyalist of the '^ King's American Dragoons," but
he died three years after the marriage. Large numbers of other
Loyalists poured into the settlement shortly after, but the '^ Mabee
party " came in advance of the rest, and became ** squatters " until the
lands were apportioned by the Crown to all the Loyalists. Polly and
Sally Mabee, two daughters who came to Turkey Point single, married
respectively Captain David Secord, and Silas Montross, XJ.E. Loyalista
The former was a miller at Niagara ; the latter lived at Turkey Point
The Mabee, Teeple, Secord, Montross, and SUme families became
prominent factors in the early days of the settlement, but now their
descandants are very widely scattered.
More than a hundred years have come and gone since Frederick
Mabee and his sons and sons-in-law made the acquaintance of the wild,
painted, and befeathered savages of the north shore of Lake Erie;
and where they were surprised and startled by the bedlam of di&-
cordant sounds, which daily rent the air, from the throats of the
myriads of wild turkeys, geese, and duck, as these sturdy pioneers
staked out their new homes at Turkey Point To<lay their great-
grandsons are found in the ranks of busy men, scattered all over the
American continent, and their great^great-grandchildr^i occupy seats
in nearly every schoolhouse in the land. In fact, these descendants
have become so numerous and so widely dispersed that they meet as
strangers, never dreaming that the old pioneer mother who pounded
com in the hollow of a walnut stump on Turkey Point more than a
hundred years ago was their common maternal ancestor.
Captain Pbteb Teeple and his brothers-in-law, Captain David
Secord and John Stone, were the first young married men that settled
in Charlotteville as Turkey Point afterwards came to be officially
named; and when the settlement was surveyed Peter Teeple was
granted Lot 8, in the broken front, near Forestville. His wife Lydia
also was granted 106% acres by the Crown, being part of Lot 9, lake
front, Charlotteville. Near by still stands to-day an old tree known
as the " Aunt Lydia Apple Tree,'^ which yet bears fruit It was the
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BKXTCH OF PSTBB TXBPLX, IX>TAIJ8T Ain> PIONXBB. 125
favorite apple of Lydia Teeple. There are treee in this ordiard 100
years old, and near the old house is still standing a walnut tree which
mnst be very ancient indeed. It measures nearly twelve feet in cir-
emnf erenoe and four feet in diameter. It is an interesting relic in itself
with its immense spread of brandies.
Peter Teeple was one of the first Justices appointed, having that
honor conferred upon him by virtue of the first Genaral Commissi<m
of the Peace for the newly organized " District of London," dated at
York, now City of Toronto, January 1st, 1800. He was also one of
the original thiee, appointed at the same time, to act as Commissioners
for administering oaths prescribed by law to the officers of the (Govern-
ment of Upper Canada. On the 2nd day of April following, he was
sworn into office at the house of Lieut. James Mimro, at Turkey Point,
which house is still standing (Jan., 1899) and is now known as ** Fort
Munroa'' On 8th April, 1800, the first session of the first Court held
in that vast new ^' District of London " was convened at Fort Munroe,
and Squire Teeple was cme of the sitting Justices. His position then
was about equivalent to that of a Justice of the Court of Common
Pleas now, and he came to be regarded as a thorough jurist. He left a
very large law Ubraiy, and a complete raster of the hundreds of
civil marriages he performed.
An amn^ng incident was related by his youngest son, Pellum, in
connection with one marriage ceremcmy he performed about 1825.
The laws or custom of that place required that where no regular
license had been procured, the ceremony might be performed at some
public cross-roads, at the hour of midnight, the contracting parties
appearing in their night-dothes, the justice and one or more others
acting as witnesses. In company with his son, Pellum, the Squire
repaired to the spot, a lonely cross-road, on a very dark night.
Presently two groups approached from opposite directions, one with
the bride, the other with the groom. Upon meeting, and the two
principals clad in white robes stepping forward at the hour of twelve,
they were duly married according to law. Pellum, then a young man
of sixteen, said it made a lasting and weird impression on his memory.
But few years had elapsed after the Squire, as he was then called
by virtue of his l^;al office, settled at Turkey Point, when the war of
1812-1815 broke out He had attained a goodly degree of prosperity,
and he and his sons donned their swords to defend their new-made
homes. The settlers formed volunteer companies, and in recognition
of his previous military rank and experience he was chosen a captain
of militia, being then about fifty years of age. With his command he
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126 ONTABIO HI8TOSIOAL SOOISTT.
met the invading American troops at Queenston Heights and Lnndy's
Lane. His valuable flofur mill was burned during this v^ar by a party
of American scouts.
Squire Teeple and his wife were two of the constituent members of
the old pioneer Baptist church organized at Vittoria by Elder Titus
Finch in 1804; and when the acre of land was purchased for
£2. 10. 0. " New York Currency '' from Deacon Oliver Mabee in 1807
upon which to erect a "meeting house/' Mr.Teeple became one of the
first trustees, the other being one Lawrence Johnson. The church was
a commodious edifice for tliose times, and superseded the old log
structure, and it was furnished with a three-sided gallery. The young
people who used to attend the singing schools in that old meeting
house have long since passed away, but iihej were full of rugged piety
and simple faith.
In January, 1851, a new church was built near the same site, and
among the records of the members of the construction committee we
find the now locally historic names of Mabee, Teeple, Young, and
Ryerse, sons of the original pioneers. A few years before his death in
1847, a pen-and-ink portrait of the Squire was obtained under peculiar
circumstancea There came in that community (Centreville, Oxford
Co., Ont.) a quadroon who had been a slave in the United States, and
who had a talent for drawing, which his mistress allowed him to
cultivate, and even procured for him some instruction in the art. The
Squire's son, Pellum Cartwright Teeple, learning this^ brought the
escaped slave home one day and got him to execute a portrait of his
father. It was drawn upon the fly-leaf of a book, and he was
portrayed sitting with. Pellum's child, Charles, an infant, on his lap.
The original is stiU in the possession of the grandson Charles, who
lives at Marengo, Illinois, and the writer is happily possessed of a
photographic copy. The drawing is quaint but well executed, and is
said by those who remember the old Squire to be a faithful likeness,
the only exception taken being that the chin is too pointed. He
continued to reside not far from Long Point (Centreville, Oxford Co.)
during the remaining years of his life, and was finally laid to rest in
the old Baptist cemetery near there by his son Pellum. He was
methodical, dignified in bearing, of a commanding aspect, a strong
advocate of temperance, and was erect and soldierly to the last
His wife Lydia was a very worthy woman, and they both lived
long, she dying in 1845 at the age of 75, and he in 1847, aged 85. It
is related of her that whenever she lost her temper and spoke sharply
to anyone she would soon after be found alone, pacing to and fro with
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SEXTQH OW PBTXB TXXPLB, PIOFSKE AND LOTiJLIST. 127
dasped handB, murmuring to herself for a tune, '' Lord htLve mercy.
Lord liave mercy, Lord hare men^I"
Squire Teeple had thirteen children, of whom nine were sons,
namely, William Bullard, Luke, Edward Manning, Frederidc, Ste[^en
Henry, Oliver Mabee, Lemuel Corel, Simon Peter, and Pellum Cart-
wri^t; and four daughters, namely, Louvina, Susannah, Mary, and
Phebe. Some of these diildren met with stirring adventuree during
the war of 1812-15, and the Canadian Rebellion of 1887. A few
details of these will be given here as follows:
WnxiAM B., the eldest son, was bom 18th January, 1788, and was^
like his father, an enormously big man, and a captain of Provincial
Militia at the battle of Lundy^s Lane. At ihe latter engagement he
had as an orderly a Frendi Canadian of rather small stature who used
to say to his towering commanding officer, '^ Capt Teeple, you are a
very big man, and when the fighting gets hot I am going to get bdiind
yon." In actual warfare, however, the little Frendi Canadian exposed
himself so fearlessly tiiat he was mortally wounded early in the battle.
A porticm of the scarlet uniform worn by Capt W. B. Te^le in
that engagement, made up in ihe form of the quaint ^'knitting
sheaths '' of the period, is still in the possession of tiie writer, <me of
his grandsons. On the 4th January, 1818, he was married to Jemima
Leek at Malahide by Mahlon Burwell, J.P., and soon after settled on
200 acres of land, being Lot 1, Con. 8, in the Township of Malahide
Coun^ of Elgin, the land being a grant from the Orown for military
services rendered.
He died on the 8th April, 1867, leaving a goodly estate. His
children in order of birth were Jared Topping, Susan Celestia, James
Jackson, Symantha J., Temperance Ursula, Lydia Ann, Stephen
William, and Sarah. Of l^eee Lydia Ann was married to James F.
Waterbury, also of the IJ.E.L. descent, on the 22nd of June, 1862, by
Bev. Caleb Burdick at Malahide. At this date, 1899, she resides at
Cambridgeport, Mass., and is l^e mother of the writer of l^ese annals.
LuKx Tebpi^e, seccmd son of Oapt Peter Te^le, bom 12th
September, 1791, went to ISew Jersey on a visit to an undo just before
the war of 1812 broke out, and he was ordered to take the oath of
allegiance or quit the country. His unde had a mail route from New
Yoik to some point in New Jersey, believed to be Bordentown, and he
put young Luke on this route thinking that while thus employed he
would not be molested. He was arrested, however, in the following
February, and cast into prison with about a hundred other British
sympathizers. These Loyalist political prisoners were sorely tempted
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136 <mTABIO HISTOBIOAL SOCIXTT.
to desert their first love and join the Amerioan foreee. One by one
they weakened until only fifteen remained, Luke being one of the
faithful few. At the cloie of the war they were liberated, and the
unole, althou^ a patriotic Amerioan, gare Luke a preeent in tokeia of
admiration of his pluok and enduranoe. When he returned to Canada
he, on the 26th of December, 1816, married Nancy, second dau^iter of
Elder Titus Finch, already referred to, and settled at Vittoria, near
fiimcoe, purchasing the two-story frame house built by Caleb Wood
(also a '' Jerseyite " Loyalist as the New Jersey refugees were called in
^ose days) and which house still stands, dark and windowless and
yaoant, in front of the Baptist burying ground, fit companion to the
weather-beaten, mossy old grave stones which mai^ the back-ground.
On the flat opposite this house he built a tannery which was
operated by his son Alexander, after his death in 1849.
He had seven sons — ^Alexander, Jercmie, Albert Oallatin, Thermos^
Lysander, Titus Ridley, and Peter Latimer; and four daughters —
Mabro, Mobra, Olementine, and Almira. Alexander was accidentally
crushed to death in 1867 while excavating a large boulder on his
property.
PsLLUM Cabtwbioht (originally spelled P^ham), thirteenth and
youngest child, and ninth son of Peter Teeple, was bom 28th November,
1809, and was a participator in the I7^[>er Canadian Rebellion of 1837,
or " The Patriot War," as it was then often called. He was the leader
of a band of young Canadians opposed to the Icmg misgovemment of
the country by an irresponsible body of men known as " The Family
Compact," who ignored the statutes passed by the parliamentary
representatives of the people, and frustrated their wiU; and when it
was determined to fight, he was chosen a captain ; but <m the flight to
the United States of the two principal leaders^ WiUiam Lyon Mackenzie
and Hon. John Rolph, all those who had been leaders under tiiem were
compelled to follow them into exile or forfeit their lives.
Pellum, on attempting to flee, fell in with a party of soldiers who
made him their prisoner. The story of his capture and escape b thus
told by his nephew, Luke, son of Simon Peter Teeple, who heard it
from his own lips:
'^ The price set upon his head by the Canadian Government was
' $600 dead or aliva' He was determined to leave Canada and was
then on his way to l^e western frontier line. He was riding a horse,
and had reached a point scmie seven or eight miles westerly from
London, Ont., on the road leading from that city alimg the southern
side of the River Thames. His brother, Edward Manning Teeple,
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8XBTCH ov nrrsft txifls, piomuHt ahd loyalist. lUfi
lived on this road some two or three miles from London^ and he was
makJTig for his hovse. On taming a bend in the road he came in foil
Tiew of a sergeant and six men advancing towards him. He oonld
neither retreat nor eoneeal himself, so he rode steadily <m and met
them. The sergeant halted him and plied him with questi<ms; and as
his answers were unsatisfactory he was taken in charge, faced aboot,
and obliged to go with them towards London. They dismounted him,
and the sergeant rode the horse. Plodding along for some time, dark-
ness oTertook them before they reached the city. They stopped at a
tavern and the soldiers ordered a meal, whidi was at once prq>ared.
They thmi asked him to come and eat wil^ them, but he assured them
he was not hungry, and they left their arms in the bar-room and went
into the next room and sat down to eat. He also virent with them into
the same room, and ariced the waitress for a drink of water. He was
on the side of the table next to the outside door, and as the girl gave
him the drink of water she flung this door wide open. In an instant
he was through it and running for ike woods. 'Die men sprang for
their arms, and came rushing out, firing after him. He could hear l^e
orders given to surround the cluster of tavern buildings, and see lights
moving, but he made good his escape into the adjoining forest There
was snow on the ground and running was difficulty yet for ike fear of
being overtaken he kept it up until almost exhausted. Taking what
he supposed to be a course between the public road and ^e river, he
at length came upon the latter, but he did not know whether above or
below his starting point. Going down to l^e water, which was frocen
over, he followed along until he espied an airhole; into this he threw a
stick to see which way the water ran, then going down the streani, he
finally came upon a house. By this time he was excessively fatigued,
and very, very hungry from his long fast. He went up and knocked
at ike door, and a man apptored and began talking with him. He had
no means of ascertaining whether this man was a Patriot' or not, so
he feigned himself an urgent despatdi-bearer of important official
papers which must be delivered in London with utmost haste; he said
he had given out in travelling, and insisted upon the man's acceptance
of and conveyance of them to London forthwith, as he was utterly
unaUe to go on himself. The man demurred ; so, after an earnest dis-
cussion Pellum said, ' Well, if I could rest a few minutes and get some
food to eat, I might try to go on.' He then heard the man's wife
getting up, and she protested that her husband could not go, but said
she would get Pellum something to eat at once, whidi she did. While
eating he became satisfied they were ^ Patriots,' and revealed his true
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130 OVTAMIO HlfiTOJUCAL SOOISTT.
poaitioiL The man them said thej oould not keep him there, bat that
they would see tiiat he was hiddJen and fed at a neighbOT^s over the
hilL Pellum went with him to the neighbor's and was ocmoealed iheare
for a time. If l^ere was any likelihood of capture (me of the children
at the first house was to come over the hill and notify him. He waa
alarmed one day by seeing one of the duldren come running o^er Uie
hill ; but it proved to foe only a neighborly call. After a few days had
passed, and he thought search for him had ceased, he worked his way
through the woods at night up to his brother Edward's, and soon after
went in the same way to ihe home of his sister Mary, wife of Andru8
Davis, at Orwell, Ont. Several weeks were spent in this hazardous tripi.
'^ Mary and Andrus Davis were known to be staundi Loyalists^ and
there is no account of any attempt to seardi for him at their place.
There he was supplied with food for a short time, but the danger of
recapture was so great that he did not remain all the time in the house
but kept concealed sometimes in the woods.
'^ Still fearing arrest and execution, as some of his compatriots had
thus suffered, his sister Mary Davis^ nephew James Teeple, and sister-in-
law Jemima Te^le, conducted him secretly in l^e dead of winter by
sleigh from OrweU to the IT'iagara frontier; and his relative, Bev.
Samuel Bose, of Lundy's Lane, thou^ a political oppcment of the
Patriots, espoused his cause, and under the pr^ence of being the
employer of Pellum, sent him on a message to friends in New York
State, and at once hired a mian to row him across at some point below
the Falls.
^'He, Pellum, grew veiy intense when relating this part of die
narrative, and declared that had anyone ordered the boatman back to
the Canada shore he would have thrown the man overboard and made
the attempt to reach the American shore alone. But no difGbulty
arose; he was safely landed in New York State, and waving a parting
adieu to this relatives, who sat in their ccmveyance and witnessed his
crossing, he b^^ his career in ike United States."
Though the Patriot War thus came to so inglorious an end, it is
now generally admitted in Canada that had it not been for that
uprising by which the attention of the British Gbvemment was called
to the intolerable grievances of the Canadians, and a just form of
responsible government quickly conceded, it would in aU probability
have been many years before the people of Canada would have
obtained that full measure of home rule which they henceforth
enjoyed.
We next hear of PeUum journeying down the Ohio Biver with a
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8KBTCH OF FXTSB TXSPIJ&, PIOHXKE AlTD LOYALIST. 181
party intending to go to Texad^ but beooming dissatisfied with tlie
roistering habits of his companions^ he left them and struck across the
oountiy to a place called P^n, on the Illinois River. From there he
eventually went to the city of Bockford, HL, where on the 28th of
Mardi, 1841, he married Mary A. Gleason.
His father and mother were now so old tiiey were desirous he
should ccmie home to Canada and care for them the rest of their days ;
but he would not do this until a special amnesty was sent him by the
Canadian Oovemment for his part in the Patriot War. This was
obtained and forwarded to him, and he journeyed to the old home in
Oxford County, accompanied by his wife, son Charles, and Luke, son
of Simon Peter Teeple, (who lived with them), in a two-horse buggy,
th^re being no railroads, and remained there till the two old pioneers
were laid away in the diurchyard. Later he returned to Illinois and
settled at Marengo, where he died on the 12th of December, 1878, and
where his son Charles, above referred to, still resides. Pellum Teeple
left six sons, viz. : — Charles Gleason, Addison Venelle, Levant, Jared,
Lester, and Frank ; and four daughters — Elmina, Elvira, Buth L., and
Lydia Mary.
Of the other descendants of Frederick Mabee and Peter Teeple
little or noising of special note is known to the present writer, except
the dates of their birth and death, and that Oliver Mabee Teeple was
also a captain at Lundy's Lane; but it is hoped that the survivors,
should they read these lines, will, as speedily as possible, contribute
liieir quota to these annals before it is too late; and above all, that
they will prove worthy successors of those sturdy " Pilgrim Fathers of
Canada '* who, for the sake of what they believed, rightly or wrongly,
to be their duty, were willing to undertake, not only the perils of war,
but also the hardships and privations of hewing out for themselves,
and for their children, in the wild forests of Turkey Point, new homes
and habitations, destined after one hundred years to become an
important part of a great and mighly state.
Compiled January, 1899, by W. B. Wateibury, St Thomas, Ont.
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132 ONTA&IO HI8TOBICAI. 80CIBTT.
THE CAMERON ROLLS, 1812.
The MS. from which the following extracts are taken waB sold to
the Ontario Historical Society by a Mr. H. King who could give no
information respecting how it came into his possession, beyond the
statement that he ^^ bought it from another man," whose name he did
not know, some three or four years ago. There can, however, be no
doubt as to its genuineness.
It is written on loose sheets of small letter paper bearing the water
mark 1809, and is mainly in two hands, some dianges, corrections, and
additions having been made by others.
There is scarcely anything in the sheets themselves to guide one as
to their chronological arrangement, but the " Rolls " of Capt Cameron's
company have been placed in their present order on account of the fact
that in the first one, Oeorge Smallman (No. 12) appears as a private,
whereas in the second, he is entered as a sergeant, the presumption
being tiiat he was promoted. D. B.
BOLL OF CAPTAIN CAHBRON's COMPANY OF THB BBOnCBNT OF
YOBK MILiriA.
Capt. Cameron
6 Henry Hall— Dead
Lieut Jarvie
7 Jonathan Cawthrae
Lieut. McLean
8 John Cawdirae
Lieut G. Ridout
9 Alexander L^gg — served by
1 Thomas Bright Sergeant
substitute
5 McMurkuson do*
10 Ely Ludden— deserted
2 John Thompson Sergt
11 Robert Bright
3 Edward McBride Sergt
12. G^rge Smallman
4 George Patterson Sergt —
13 WiUiam Harley
joined Capt Howard^s Co.
14 Thomas Humberston
1 D'Arcy Boulton — ^promoted
16 Thomas Simpson
2 James Hands — dismissed be-
16 George How
ing an appren'c
17 John Ross
3 William Shaw X
18 Henry Webster— David Mit-
4 Michael Doyle— Dead
chell suVe
6 William Myers
19 Simcoe Wright
*The name here entered to not in the same hand as the body of the roll, and
seems to have been Inserted at thto place as there was no room after nimiber 4. It
looks suspiciously like an Interpolation by some comparatively recent hand.
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THB OAMSBOV BOLUk
138
20 Isaac White
21 Charies Denniflon
22 Richard Graham
23 Samuel Lewis
24 Francis Lee
26 Simeon Denns — ^Dead
26 James Finch
27 Osbnm Cox — disdiai^ged
28 John Couvillion*
29 Isaac Pilkington X
30 Johnson ITeomans
31 Heniy Johnson
32 William Lawrence
33 Henry Thompson X
34 Luther Rawlins
35 Edward Thompson
36 Joseph Secord — deserted
37 Peter Stoner
38 William Com^— deserted
39 Ri<diard Thompson
40 John Kenedy
41 Andrew Kenedy
42 William Knowls— subs.
Henry Stiver
43 Roderick Macdonell
44 Timothy Webster — ^joined >-
Capt Howard's Oo*y
45 Adam Ward
46 SethCook
47 John Blaril — dead
48 Peter Whitney — ^joined Capt
Howard's Co'y
Cap. Sub. Serj.
1, 3, 6
49 Joseph Crawford — ^Dead
60 Henry Powell
51 Benjamin Reynolds
52 Abram Culver
63 Abram Stoner — ^joined Capt
Howard's Co'y
54 Assa Lee
55 Samuel Codirane
56 Sheraid G f
57 John Q f — flnbject to
convulsive fits and disch
[dischaiged]
58 John Matthews
59 Thomas Major
60 Edward Laurence
61 Cornelius Fiumerfelt
62 Andrew Hubbard — ^joined
Capt Howard's Co4
Andrew Laurence 1
John Stoner j
joined Capt Howard's Co. $
63 Rueben Pattricklf do. do.
64 William Jcmes
65 Henry Ernest — ^for a Drummer
Matthias Tewilleger
Ebenezer Ransome jun'r
Abram Burkholder
H. K Cross
63 Jeremiah Whipple
64 Stephen Kaull 2 black men p'e
65 Jchn Kaul J [private] servts*
Dr. Privates.
1 60—70.
63
64
two men
*Tfai8 is no doubt the same name appearing on the following roll as " Cuveyon,"
Na 27.
tBoth names are cancelled and unreadable. No. 66 appears to be the same as
No. 61 In the second roll (following) where it is also doubtful.
IThe name is canoeUed but the number remains.
iln both cases names and numben are cancelled.
I The name only is cancelled.
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134
ONTABIO HISTOBIOAL 80OIBTT.
BOix OF GAPT. cambbon's ooMPAmr OF Y 3bd bbq't of
YOBK lOLITIA, VIZ.
1. Dunoan Gameron, Captain
1. Wm. Jarvie, Lieutenant
2. Ardi'd McLean, Lieutenant.
3. Geo. Bidout, Ditto
1. Robert Moor, SerjeantrMajor 1 g^ Serieants
1. Edward McBride, Quartermaster Serjeant J ^
1. Thomas Bright, Serjeant
2. George Smallman, Ditto
3. John Thompson, Serjeant
4. George How, Ditto
1. Henry Ernest* — ^Drummer
1. William Shaw, PrivateX— 22.
John Lyons substitute 23.
2. Michel Doyle Private, Deadf
3. William Myers Ditto 24.
4. Henry Hale Ditto Deadf 25.
5. Jonathan Cawthra Ditto 26.
6. John Cawthra Ditto
7. Alexander Legg DittoX 27.
Philip Philips substitute
8. Ely Ludden PrivateX 28.
9. Bobert Bright " 29.
10. William Harley " 30.
11. Thomas Humberstone " 31.
12. Thomas Simpson " 32.
13. Matthias Tewilliger " 33.
14. John Boss " 34.
15. Henry Webster " 34.
16. Simcoe Wright "
17. Isaac White " 36.
18. Charles Davidson " 37.
19. Bichard Graham " 38.
20. John Quick " 39.
dismissed, being over aget 40.
20. Samuel Lewis Private 41.
21. Francis Lee "
Simeon Devins Private Dead
James Finch " X
Jacob Miller substitute
Osbom Cox Private X Dead
Jeremiah Whipple Private!
Hazen K. Cross " J
deserted
John Cuveyon( t) § "
armourer
Isaac Pilkington PrivateX
Johnson Yeomans "
Henry Johnson "
William Laurence "
Andrew Thompson "X
Luther Bawlins . '^
Edward Thompson "
Joseph Secord "
deserted
Peter Stoner deserted
William Cornell "
Bidiard Thompson Private
John Kennedy Private
Andrew Kennedy "
William Knowls H Stiver,
substitute.
*Name afterwards cancelled.
tin a different hand, and with fainter Ink.
tBntry cancelled, and the next one takes this number.
iSee 28 in former roll.
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42« Boderiok MoDonell
43. Adam Ward
44. Seth Cook
45. Joeeph Crawford
46. Hemy Powell
47. Benjamin Renions
48. Abram Cnlver
49. Assa Lee
60. Samuel Codbrane *^
51. Stunard Gerau( ?)* "
George Allen BfjSbei
52. John Matthews Private
Private
58.
€t
64.
n
65.
U
66.
a
67.
ii
68.
u
69.
«
60.
Lfl. 186
63. Thomaa Major. Private
Edward Laurence "
Cornelius Flnmmerfelt ^*
William Jones.
Ebeneeer Ransome ^^
Abraham Burkholder *^
JohnTirey ''Xf
Harden Ellsworth "
61. Stephen Eaul 1 2blackmenp'e
Private > serv* to officers.
62. RidiardEanltJ Dischai^
62. Philip Haynes
SOIX OF A DSTAOHHBNT OF CAPTAIN [oAMSBON's] OOKPANT WHO
YOLUNTBXBXD OK aSJiVlOiC TO AJKHEBSth u JtO. §
Lieut. Jarvie
14 Adam Ward
Sergts. Qeoi^ Howe
15 Johnson Yeomans
G^rge Smallman
16 Abraham Culver
PRIVATES.
17 Francis Lee
1 Thomas Humberstone
18 Asa Lee
2 Edward Thomson
19 Samuel Codiiran
3 David Mitchell
20. Simeon Devins
4 Koderick McDonell
21 WiUiam Jones
5 Cornelius Flumerfeldt
22 Henry Stiver
6 John Matdiews
23 John Tyner
7 John Boss
24 Charles Denison
8 Lutiier Rawlins
25 Abraham Burkholder
26 Richard Thomson
10 Simooe Wright
27 William Harley
11 WiUiam Myers
28 John Cawthra
12 Isaac White
29 Benjamin Runions
13 Robert Bright
80 Elias Anderson
^Thls name luui three cancel lines drawn throoch it, tlraa making an already
doubtful name atiU more difflcnlt to deciiiher.
tTbeee croeaea after certain names ai^ear to be need aa check-marka, the pnr^
poae of which is not clear.
IThla name is cancelled, and the word " discharged " after the brace relates to
him only.
iTliis roU is written by a different hand, and Taries in some respects from the
fiQfmer.
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i3e
ONTABaO HIBTOBIOAZ. flOOISTT.
BOLL OF CAPT. CAMBBON's OOKPANY BBMAHniNa IN TOBK
0ABBI80N, 30th JUHB, 1812.
Oapt. Cameron
Lt. McLean
Lt. Ridout
Seigt Thomas Bright
Sergt John Thcmison
PBIVATB8.
1 William Shaw
2 Midiael Dojle
8 Henry Hale
4 Jonathan Oawthra
6 Philip Philipa— D
6 Eli Lndden diamisaed 81 Augt
^ Thomas Simpson
8 Matthew Teowellegar
9 Bichard Graham
10 Samuel Lewis
11 Jacob Miller
12 Ozbom Oox discharged 21
Augt 1812
13 Jeremiah Whipple — ^D
14 Hazen K Cross— D
16 John Couvillion
PBITATBB.
16 Isaac PiUdngtan
17 Andrew Thompson — ^D
18 Joseph Secord
19 Peter Sterner
20 William Comdl— D
21 Andrew Keimedj — ^D
22 John Kranedy— D
23 Henry Johnson — ^D
24 Seth Cook
26 Joseph Crawford
26 Henry Powell— D
27 Thomas Major— D
28 Edward Laur^ce— D
29 £%enezer Bansome — ^D
80 Hamden Ellsworth* pris(mer
81 George Allan deserted
82 Stephen Eaul
33 Bichard Kaul dismissed
84 PhiUp Haynest joined 18th
August
Preset 24
•See No. 60 in RoU I.
tNumber cancelled.
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THB OAlOBBOir BOIX8.
137
FSITATS8 OF OAPT. OAICBBOH's OOKp't TO WHOK LBAVX OF AB8SN0B
HA8 BXXN OBANTSD, VIZ.
"Names.
Francis Lee
Andrew Thompeon
William Cornell
Luther Rawlins. ,
Thomas Simpson
Matthew Tewilliger. .
Wm, Jones
Wm. Laurence
Johnson Nuomans* . .
Andrew Kennedy. ...
Eb. Bansome
Joseph Crawford . . . . .
Henry Powell
Samuel Lewis
Simeon Devins
Charles Dennison. . . . <
John Kennedy
Andrew Kennedy. ...
Edward Lawrence. ...
Matthew Teowill^gar.
Joseph Crawford
Peter Stoner
Matthias Twilliger
Saml Lewis ,
Joseph Crawford
Richard Graham
Peter Stoner
John Kennedy
Whin
Grantbd.
1812
16 July . .
do
do
do
16th July .
17th do .
17th do .
17th do .
17th do .
l»th do .
19th do .
19th do .
19th do .
19th do .
22nd do .
26th do .
9th August
do
do
do
do
18th Augt .
24th Augt .
26th
29th Augt .
80 ..
Untii*
When
1812
19th July
do
do
do
do
25th July
26tii do
SSth do
26th do
26th do
26tii do
26tii do
26th do
2l8t do
26th do
26th do
16th August
do
do
do
do
19ih Augt .
30th Augt .
31 Augt
8 Sept'r...
do ...
do ...
3rd Sept . . .
Rbtubned.
1812
18th July
18th July
18th July
18th July
19th July
2601 July
24th July
26th July
26th July
26th July
26th July
2lBt July
25th July
26th July
21st August
do do
28th August
18 August 1812
15th August
19th August
31 Augt
retd 5 Sept'r
retd 31 Augt
retd 8d Sept'r
^Probably the same name, the name that appears on Roll Na 1 as " Teomans.'
LIST OF DBSEBTEBS FBOK TOBX 0ABBI80N, 30tH JULY, 1812.
1 Henry Powell 6 Hazen K. Cross
2 Thomas Major. 7 Andrew Thomson
8 Ebenezer Bansom 8 William Cornell.
4 Jeremiah Whipple 9 Joseph Seoord
6 Henry Johnson. 10 Phillip Phillips
Volunteers
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188
OITTABIO HI8TOBI0AL SOCIXTT.
DB8XBTXB8.
Hamden Elsworth
the 9th August 1812
(George Allan deserted
16th August 1812
John Kennedy ')
Andw Kennedy ft >de8erted 16
Edwd Lawrence jAugt 1812
Thomas Major retd 28th August 1812
Henry Johnson retd 27 do do
retd ISth August 1812
Betumed 21st August 1812
IJ8T OF CAPT. CAHBBON'b OOMPANT
IN THB DBTAOHM't TO THE HXAD OF THB LAKE.
Sergt McBride
Saml Lewis
Michael Doyle
SethCook
Thomas Simpson
Jonath'n Cawthra
Peter Stoner
John Thomson Sergt
BOLL OF OAPT. GAKEBOIT's COMPANY IN YORK OASBISON
20TH AUGUST, 1812.
Capt Cameron
Lt McLean
Lt Ridout
Sergts Thomas Bright
John Thomson
PBTVATES,
1 Wm. Shaw
2 Michael Doyle
3 Heniy Hale
4 Jonathan Cawthra
5 Eli Ludden discharged
6 Thomas Simpson
7 Matthew Teowelligar
8 Richard Graham
9 Samuel Lewis
10 Jacob Miller
11 John Couvilion
12 Isaac Pilkington
13 Peter Stoner
14 Andrew Kennedy
15 John Kennedy
16 Henry Johnson
17 Seth Cook
18 Joseph Crawford
19 Thomas Major
20 Edward Lawrence
21 Stephen Eaul
22 John Bright
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THB TAIJBOT BSTTLXMBNT AVD BUFFALO. 188
THE TALBOT SETTLEMENT AND BUFFALO IN 1816.
The following lettw in the poseeesion of James H. Coyne, of St
Thoma% is addressed to his grandfather, ''Henry Coyne, Pleasant
Valley, near Pougfakeepsie." In the upper left hand corner are the
words in red ink, '' Buffalo, Oct 80th," evidently by l^e postmaster.
The writer, a brother of Mr. Coyne's wife, had gone to the Talbot
settlement in ^at is now the Township of Dunwich in the County of
Elgin, to take up land, his brother Thomas having preceded him.
Thomas Gardiner taught the first sdiool in the Talbot settlement, not
far from Port Talbot Heniy Coyne remained in the State of New
York for seven years, from 1810 to 1817, before deciding where he
should settle. In the fall of 1817 he followed his brothersrin-law to
Canada and purdiased a farm on Talbot Boad a few miles west of
Port Talbot, where the settlement of Coyne's comers and the road
known as the Coyne Boad, preserve the name of the pioneer.
The letter is interesting, not only as showing the hardships of the
pioneers^ but as illustrating ike oonditicm of ihe Buffalo flour market
in 1816. Only one barrel of flour could be procured in Buffalo, after
the hardy settler had come 150 miles in an open boat in a tempestuous
season of the year to procure food for his family.
" Buffalo, October 27th, 1816.
'^ Dbab Bbothxb, — ^I arrived here yesterday after after ten days
passage f rc»n Port Talbot^ a place I never would again see were it not
for my family; but I was obliged to come here for flour, and I am
afraid I will not get what I want I got one barrel and had to give
$12 for it, but when done it is much cheaper than I can get it at Port
Talbot Just before I left home I had 104 lbs. which cost me $16,
viz., I had 4^^ bushels of wheat, cost $9, and a hired man at $12 per
month was seven days to mill to have it ground, so the expense in all
was $16. So you may judge what a comfortable place I am in. No;
it is the hardest place I ever saw to get the necessaries of life, and I
believe, according to the number of inhabitants, they have suffered
more for the want of bread than any other place I ever saw or heard
of. Many persons here, I believe, have not tasted bread for two
months, for they had not ihe grain, and if they had, they could not
have it ground.
" I have bargained for 100 acres of land off Colonel Talbot at three
dollars per acre, and have got a log house 24 by 16 feet not half
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140 OKTASIO HI8TOBIOAL 8O0IXTT.
finished, and it has cost me about $200, for we cannot get a board
without fetching them 130 milea^ and no atone nor brick to build
otpmnejB^ nothing but day.
'^ AJl the money I got for my place would not build such a house as
I had in P. Talbot But God only knows whether I will get home
or not for the lake is so dangerous at this season of the year that I
dread the journey of going 160 miles in an open boat It is a great
undertaking, but I must either do it or my family suffer for want of
bread, whid^ they have never done as yet Things were cut off with
the frost of the 6th of July last, and about the 24th of August there
was another which killed the buckwheat and com, that grain is scarce
and dear; so there has not been one month this summer but there has
been frost I made a mistake in the firm of Townsend & Oa, "New
York, in my last letter. It is K. & E. Townswid, Na 123 Pearl St,
New York; and get an order on Towns^id, Branson & Co., Lewiston;
and send the order in a letter to me to the care of J<^ Warren,
Merchant, near Fort Erie, Upper Canada. But the money is not to be
paid to any person but Thos. or Singleton Gardiner, and to have a
certificate from Mr. Warren that they are the person, for fear of fraud.
I received your letter of August 4.
^' Bemain your affectionate brother,
^^SlNOLBTON GaBDINXB.
'^ Take all the expense and trouble you are at out of the money
before you send it, postage of letters and the like. My family were in
all good health when I left home, and I hope this will find you in the
same.''
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©ntatlo Dtetorlcal Socleti?.
PAPERS AND RECORDS
VOL. II.
The United Empire Loyalist Settlement
at Long Point, Lake Erie.
BY
ColiiQiatf Initilvtt, Ifiti0tMrm FMi,
TORONTO :
>?VILLIAM BRIQQS.
1900
KRAI'S REPRINT CO
MillwixxL New York
•**"'^ Digitized by
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Reprinted with permission of The Ontario Historical Society
KRAUS REPRINT CX).
A U.S. Division of Kraus-Thomson Organization Limited
Printed in U.S.A
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CONTENTS.
L
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VL
vn.
vm.
IX.
X.
XI.
xn.
xnL
XIV.
XV.
XVI.
xvn.
xvin.
XIX.
XX.
XXI.
xxn.
xxni.
xxrv.
XXV.
XXVL
xxvn.
xxvin.
XXIX.
XXX.
XXXI.
XXXII.
FA«B
Introduction 9
Political Aspect of the Bevolnticm 10
Motives of the Loyalists 15
Treatment of the Loyalists Daring the War 17
Legislative Enactments for the Punishment of the Loyalists 1 9
British Parliament and the Loyalists 22
What Britain Did for the Loyalists 25
Loyalist Emigraticm 27
Bontes of the Loyalists 29
Modes of Travelling 30
Early Accounts of Long Point 33
The County of Norfolk 35
The Townships of N<Nrf oik 37
The Indians of the Long Point District 42
The Migration to Long Point 43
Charlotteville 48
Clearing the Land 51
Buildings - - - - 52
Food 54
Mills 56
Clothing 57
The Preaching of the Qoepel 60
Marriage 63
Funerals 67
list of XJ. R Loyalists who Settled at Long Point - - 68
Dedrick 70
Maby(Mabee) - - - 71
Secord 73
Teeple 74
Smith 75
McMichael 77
Austin 78
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viii OONTKNTS.
XXXin. Welch W
XXXIV. Culver 81
XXXV. Ryerse (CH*«n SMMiel) 83
XXXVI. McCiJl - 87
XXXVn. Monro 89
XXXVIII. Haaen 91
XXXIX. Bew% 94
XL. FreemAQ 95
XLI. Knch 96
XLII. TiBdale 97
XLIIL Bertkn 99
XLTVT. C<^ 100
XLV. Rjenon (lieutenant Joaef^) 101
XLVI. Anderson 103
XLVII. Gilbert 105
XLVni. Johnaon 106
XLIX. McmtroBS 107
L. Millard 108
LI. Matthews 108
LII. Powell 109
LIII. Foster 109
LIV. Williams , - 110
LV. Brown - 112
LVL Spurgin 112
LVIL Hutchison 113
LVin. Buchner 114
LIX. Wyooff 117
LX. Haviland 118
LXL FairchiW 119
LXIL Wilson 120
LXin. Shaw 120
LXIV. Davis 121
LXV. Glover 121
LXVL Dougharty 122
LXVIL Green 122
Conclusion 123
References 125
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THE UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT
AT LONG POINT, LAKE ERIE.
CHAPTER L
INTRODUCTION.
No more inspiring subject can engage the pen of any writer than
the theme of loyalty. Fidelity to the oonstitation, laws and institatimiB
of one's native land has becoi honored in every coontry and in every
age. From infancy we have been told of the brave men of our raoe»
and yet the tale, ever told, is ever new. The hero stories that thrilled
ns in onr childhood have stiU the power to make the heart beat
quickly and the eorrent of feeling sweep over us, rich and strong.
Socialists and revolutionists may affect to scorn it, but they cannot blot
out the inherent glory contained in the word " patriot."
" Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori."
To die for one's native land is assuredly sweet and seemly, and yet
there is a truer and a nobler loyalty than this. It is that of preserving
inviolate one's faith to the established government, when all around is
sedition, anarchy and revolution. When to be loyal means to fight,
not against the stranger and the foreigner, but against those of the
same language, the same country, the same state, and, it may be, the
same family as one's self — ^when loyalty means fratricidal war, the
breaking up of home, the severing of the dearest heart cords, the loss
of everything except honor —
" Oh ! who shall say what heroes feel.
When all but life and honor's losfc ? "
Such was the loyalty of these who plunged unshaken, unterrified
and unseduced into a conflict unutterably bitter, which was destined
9
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10 UNITED EMPIRE LOYAUST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
to last for seyen long yean, and finally to sever them from their
native land. Daring the war of the revolution, and in the blind
revenge exacted by the victorious side, their property was confiscated,
their families ostracised and ezpoeed to insult, outrage and spoliation,
their lives were in danger, and often ruthlessly declared forfeit, to satisfy
malicious hatred and suspicion. Their zeal for the unity of the empire
gave them the title of United Empire Loyalists, and these were the
men who, at the close of the war, sought a refuge and a home on
British soil, among the northern forests, and laid deep the foundations
of the institutions, the freedom, the loyalty, and the prosperity of our
land.
'* Dear were the homes where th^ were bom.
Where slept their honored deed ;
And rich and wide, on erery side
Their fruitful acres spread ;
But dearer to their faithful hearts
Than home, and gold, and lands,
Were Britain's laws, and Britain's crown.
And Britain's flag of hi^ renown.
And grip of British hands."
CHAPTER IL
THE POLITICAL ASPECT OF THE REVOLUTION.
The Acts of the Imperial Parliament by which direct taxes were
imposed on the American colonies are to be regarded as the culmination
of the series of causes which brought on the revolution.
In this series of events the most importemt is, no doubt, the renewal
of the restrictions on colonial trade, enforced soon after the third
George began his reign. Under the old "navigation lavrs" and
** laws of trade " the colonial produce had to be exported directly to
Britain, and thence by British vessels only, carried to its destination.
Similarly, goods for the colonies had to be brought to Britain and
thence to the colonies in British ships. The American colonies were
not allowed to trade even with other colonies directly. For nearly a
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THE POLITICAL ASPEGT OF THE BSVOLUTION. 11
century these odious Acts had been evaded by an organized and well
arranged system of smuggling. The revenue officers of the Crown
were lax in their enforcement of the letter of the law ; consequently
the merchants of various states, and chiefly those of Massachusetts,
had grown rich by the illicit traffic, and were exasperated beyond
measure by the attempts of the revenue officers, under fresh orders, to
enforce the law& Fourteen of the signers of the Declaration of
Independence were engaged in trade which was affected grievously by
these restrictions.* At the time of the Declaration of Independence
John Hancock was a respondent in suits of the Crown to recover
£100,000, or over, for alleged infractions of the trade law& Thus the
questions relative to trade and commerce are to be regarded as a
primary cause of the revolution.
Another primary cause was the fact that colonial industry and
manufacture were restricted. The colonists were denied the use of
natural advantages, such as waterfalls ; they were forbidden the erec-
tion of sundry kinds of machinery, particularly spinning and weaving
machines ; the king's arrow was placed on trees in the forest, which
were two feet or over in diameter, at a height of twelve inches from
the ground ; the manufacture of sawn lumber, except for home con-
sumption, was interdicted ; the market for dried fish was cut off; the
commerce in sugar and molasses was rudely interrupted ; the most
important and profitable avenues of trade were closed to them. Hence
one of the aims of the revolution was to take off the shackles which
bore heavily on the rising colonies.
The explanation, or excuse it may be called, for these impositions lies
of course in the opinion held by all Imperial governments at that time,
that colonies existed for the benefit of the Mother Country only. The
world has at last outgrown that doctrine, and we are to-day reaping
the benefit of the removal of restrictions which was accelerated by the
shock of the loss of half a continent. But all nations and governments
are to be judged according to the general standard of enlightenment at
the time of the events under consideration. It is easy to criticise a
public policy when the result of a chain of events has demonstrated it
to be wrong. Before the issue, its wisdom or foolishness is for the most
part a matter of opinion. Had we been a member of Lord North's
Gk>vemment we would have, no doubt, thought the existing colonial
policy a natural and necessary one ; had we made a fortune smuggling
tea, wine, or molasses, we would have, no doubt, thought that same
* Hancock, Adams, Hewes, Langdon, Whippier, Livingstone, Cljmer, Lewes, Sher-
man, Morris, Gwinnet, Taylor, Hopkins and Gerry.
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12 UNITED EMPIRE LOTAUST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
colonial policy vile and inhumaiL Living as we do with a century and
a quarter of added experience, we neither commend its wisdom nor
criticise too harshly its application. Let us be merciful. If we can-
not be merciful let us be fair, and give the devil, on both sides, his dae.
We now come to that question which, as an apple of discord, was
rolled around the parliamentary table for ten long years, and at last
plunged the nation into warfare and led to the dismemberment of the
empire : ** Has the British Parliament power to tax the colonies with-
out giving them representation in the Imperial Parliament?"
This question may be considered: Firstly, from a purely legal
aspect; secondly, from the standpoint of expediency; and thirdly,
from the moral and ethical side.
As a matter of abstract right, the Mother (Tountry has never parted
with the claim to ultimate supreme authority of legislation on any
matter whatever. This has always beto acknowledged by constitu-
tional lawyer& If the Imperial Parliament were to resign this ultimate
right, the tie that binds the empire would be dissolved, and the colonies
would forthwith become independent state& It is that ri^t which,
along with the acknowledgment of a common head, makes us a part
of the British Empire of which we are so proud The question of the
abstract right of taxation was never disputed ; simply that of taxation
without representation. Yet we must remember that the theory of "* no
taxation without representation " was not settled at the time of the
Revolutionary War. Many of the important cities of the United King-
dom, and the large manufacturing districts were not represented for
fifty years after this time ; for example, Bristol, Leeds, Birmingham,
Manchester and Olasgow. Yet they did not resort to arms. Their
burdens were heavy, but with the patient loyalty of true Britons they
bore them until the good sense of the present century gave them a
share in the government. Not so the colonies. They enforced their
demands by an appeal to arms.
It would seem, moreover, as if the moving spirits of the revolution
had seized the enforcement of taxation as an excuse for the unfilial
demand of absolute separation from the Mother CJountry. On what
other supposition can their haste and violence be accounted for ? To
what else can their action be attributed ?
Secondly, let us discuss the action of Britain from the standpoint
of expediency. Viewed in the light of the actual result — the loss of
the southern half of this continent — it would seem as if the Stamp Act
and the tea duty were inexpedient Yet it may be questioned, if, as the
writer is convinced, the question of taxation was used as an excuse
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THE POUTIGAL AWMT OF THE REY0LX7TI0N. 18
toac the Declaration of Independence, would not the leaden of the
leyolution have made some other act of the Mother Country the basis
of their agitation ? The actions of these men at the dose of the war
did not show that rigorous adherence to right and justice which they
had insiflted on so strenuously before the revolation. The following
diapters will prove this point.
But even allowing that the taxation was inexpedient in the li^t of
the result, was it a fair demand? For nearly two centuries the
colonies had been watched over by Britain. They had been defended
alike from the encroachments of home enemies and of foreign foes.
For years the French and the Indian had been repulsed and kept in
check. The constant fear of sudden attack and merciless massacre had
been removed. The New England colonies were in a state of safety
and prosperity they had never known before. Under the superintend-
eney of Sir William Johnson, the Six Nation Indians and their affili-
ated tribes lived in a marvellously friendly state with the white settlera
They had nothing now to fear from their dusky allies. Their enemies,
the French and the tribes of Canadian Indians, were at this time under
the same British rule. The protecting arm which Britain now extends
around the world was furnishing to the colonies that security in which
they contentedly flourished. Even John Otis, one of the most violent
agitators of independence, said in 1763, in the course of a public speech
at Boston, *' The true interests of Oreat Britain and her colonies are
mutual, and what God in his providence hath joined together let no
man put asunder."
Now, on the other hand, the burden on the Home Country was enor-
moua For nearly thirty years England had been fighting the combined
armiee of France and Spain, and at times the allied forces of Europe.
The tale of British conquest in India and in America, is also the tale of
the wonderful endurance and courage of her people. The naticmal
debt had been doubled. The people of the United Kingdom were taxed
to the utmost, and still there was deficit. In this strait she turned to
the colonies and levied a duty on imports, a tax on law stamps, and a
tax on tea — ^the latter being only one quarter of the rate of revenue duty
on tea at home. The colonists refused to import the taxed articles ;
they burned the stamp office, and a mob of Bostonians forcibly boarded
the tea ship DoHmovdh and emptied eight hundred and forty boxes
into the sea. Such was the response of the New England colonies to
the request for help of the hard-pressed Motherland.
Lastly, let us consider the moral aspect of the case. It was no doubt
an assertion, by force of arms, of the '' Right of Rebellion." It seems
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14 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
also to have been a triumphant assertion of the "Right of Advantage" —
the right to take the controlling power in a tight predicament; the rig^lit
to enforce consent to their demands at a time when the Mother Country
could not fairly defend itself.
The Americans were successful through a combination of circum-
stances unfavorable to Britain, chief of which were : The terrible pres-
sure of the war in the East ; the incompetent Ministry in power at the
time ; ignorance as to the real state of affairs in the colonies and as to
the methods of colonial warfare ; and, of course, the insufficient and
imperfectly equipped forces sent to America.
In some cases there may be a distinct " Right of Revolution/' but
surely it is only, as in the case of the English revolution of 1688, after
years of patient waiting for some great fundamental right, which has
been long withheld, and whose accomplishment there seems no outlook
of peacefully gaining.
It seems as if the United States has been reaping the fruit of
this doctrine of the right to rebel against law and the settled con-
stitution of the land. The sins of the fathers were visited upon the
children in that terrible deluge of blood in the sixties, which swept
from South to North. In this case the Southern States who
wished to withdraw from the CJonfederacy were the rebels. In 1776
the secessionists had been the patriot& Assuredly nothing under the
sun is constant, not even the opinions of American politicians. Within
the last two decades there have been over 23,000 separate struggles of
labor against capital, in most cases accompanied by force and violence,
and the attempted subversion of lawful authority. *' And it doth not
yet appear what there shall be." Truly, from the seed of dragon's teeth
sown in the war of rebellion there have sprung up armed warriors in
a great and limitless host, who continue to advocate the same princi-
ples of mutiny and insurrection that fired the hearts of the revolu-
tionists of the last century with the lust of forbidden power.
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CHAPTER III.
MOTIVES OP THE LOYALISTS.
The majority of American historians have been unfair to the Loyal-
ists. They have spoken of them with scorn and ridicule ; they have
called tiiem weak, because they submitted to " tyranny " ; they have
called them cowards, because they refused to fight the British ; they
have called them unnatural, because tiiey took up arms against their
countrymen ; and they have called them the dregs of society, because
they had spirit enough to seek a new home under British rula
Americim writers have further unfairly questioned the motives of
the Loyalists. They have denied to their enemies that freedom of choice
which they reserved to themselves ; they have charged the Loyalists
with being *'Tory office-holders;" they have declared that the pos-
session of offices of emolument from the Crown was the sole reason
which prevented these " office-holders " from taking up arms in company
with the ** victims of Britain's injustice." On the other hand, accord-
ing to these writers no eulogy is too strong, no commemoration is too
extensive for the '' Patriots " who, in the face of fearful odds, swept the
British army from the plains of Torktown, and planted the standard of
liberty on the erstwhile down-trodden and benighted land.
A more impartial age has brushed away the deception of a century.
The honor of the Loyalists has been amply vindicated. It is seen that
those who were called weak, were strong enough to leave all they held
dear for the sake of principle ; those who were called cowards, fought
to the bitter end of a losing struggle ; those who were called unnatural,
were not as unnatural as the matricidal sons who took up arms against
the Motherland; and those who were called in malicious hatred the out-
casts of society, have since been acknowledged the brightest and best of
their aga
It is noticeable that the bulk of the Loyalists were men in no mean
positions in their native states ; men who possessed a high moral ideal
and an elevated mind ; men of education and of unsullied honor. Even
American historians are now coming to admit that they were of the noblest
descent and of the most upright character. Colonel Sabine says, in his
well-known work, " It is evident that a considerable proportion of the
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16 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
professional and editorial intelligence and talents of the thirteen
colonies was arrayed against the popular movement." (YoL L, p. 50.)
And we have other& Dr. Geo K Ellis, in the '* Narrative and Critical
History of America" (page 186), says, ''Among those most frank and
fearless in the avowal of loyalty, and who suffered the severest
penalties, were men of the noblest character and highest positioiL''
And Mr. M. C. Tyler, writing in the Americcm Historical Review, so
lately as October, 1895, says, " To any one at all familiar with the
history of colonial New England, that list of men, denounced to exile
and loss of property on account of their opinions, will read like the
bead roll of the oldest and noblest families concerned in the founding
and upbuilding of New England civilization ; and of the whole body
of the Loyalists throughout the thirteen colonies, it must be said that
it contained more than a third of influential characters, that is, a very
considerable portion of the customary chiefs in each community.*^
Nearly all the clergy were Loyalists. " Fear God, Honor the King/'
was their unvarying doctrine. Lawyers, judges and physicians also, in
a great number, were ranged on the side of loyalty, men of education
and refinement and of deep religious conviction, the moral tone of
whose lives puts to shame even that of the fifty-six signers of the
Declaration of Lidependence.
So much for the general character of the Loyalists. Let us consider
their motives. To charge them with being all office-holders under the
Crown is false on the face of it, because upwards of thirty-five thousand
came to Canada after the war, and it is absurd to suppose that even
one-tenth of that number remained faithful to the king from mercenary
motives. And if the Loyaliste had been influenced by monetary
considerations they would probably have deserted the ship before the
final plunge, and made overtures of friendship and reconciliation to the
victorious party. Base and sordid men are not the kind who are
willing to leave rich and luxurious homes on the banks of the Hudson
and the Delaware, for a cabin in a northern wilderness, and scarcity
and hardship withal.
Those of the New Englanders who remained faithful to the old
flag possessed all the ardor of a lofty patriotism. With an unswerving
trust in the fundamental justice of the British Qovemment, they
believed that the misunderstandings were only temporary and would
be removed. They believed that most of the disaffected were laboring
under an erroneous idea of oppression and an egr^ous conceit of their
own importance, and to the last they remained true to their convic-
tion, that to take up arms against the Mother Country was high treason,
and morally as well as legally wrong.
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CHAPTER IV.
HOffiATMENT OF THB LOYALISTS DURING THE WAR.
From the very begim^ng the Loyalists were looked upon with the
disfavor with which evildoe]:8 always regard those who do not approve
of their actiona They were the objects of sospicion. All their move-
ments were watched. They were even forbidden the ancient British
right of public meeting and the freedom of the press, and were liable to
arrest and imprisonment at any moment, without the right of fuibeas
corpus.
The Declaration of Independence forced the choice of either one side
or the other. Previously both parties had been, nominally at least, at
one in their allegiance to the British Crown ; but now it was open war
and no neutrality. In many states Congress gave the legislative,
executive and judicial powers over to committees, who often improperly
used their authority under the specious ,veil of patriotism.* These
dealt at pleasure with the rights and liberties, and even lives, of the
hated " Tories.'' To crush liberty of speech and opinion, to reduce the
Loyalists to the position, of slaves or proscribed aliens, under penalties
of imprisonment, banishment, and even death, was a startling contra-
diction to their high-sounding declaration, '' All men are bom free and
equal" The Loyalists were exposed to all sorts of indignities and to
wanton insult, such as being tarred and feathered, their cattle were
sometimes horribly mutilated, their bams burned, and neither life nor
property was safcf The rule of the mob was dominant A letter from
John Adams, then at Amsterdam, in 1780, to the Lieutenant-Qovemor
of Massachusetts, says, **! think their (the Loyalists') career might
have been stopped if the executive officers had not been so timid in a
point which I strenuously recommended from the first, namely, to fine,
imprison and hang all inimical to the cause, without favor or afiectioa
I would have hanged my own brother if he had taken part with the
enemy in the contest"} This advice of Adams was foUowed by
* Dr. Ramwy, « Hittoiy of United States," VoL II., Chap. 26, p. 467.
t Dr. Ganniff, <* SetUement of Upper Oanada," p. 56. Sabine, ** American Loyalists,''
VoL L, p. 76.
t Dr. Ryenoo, *' Loyalista of Amerioa and their Times," VoL H., p. 127.
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18 UNITED EMPIRE LOTALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
lieutenani-Govemor Cushing, and many instances are on record of
unjust and cruel persecution.
Bodies of vagabonds roamed about the state, destroying the property
of the Loyalists, imprisoning the suspected, and seizing the goods of
those unable to defend themselves. A nefarious band dubbed them-
selves " Sons of liberty/' and carried bloodshed and rapine to peaceful
homes. Their victims were the women and children, the aged and
defenceless. Their favorite pastime was the burning of the homes of
the Loyalists. Often the houses were set on fire in the middle of
winter and the occupants forced to take shelter in the woods, and
every door being shut against them, some were frozen to deatL Fre-
quently torture of various kinds was resorted to, in order to make the
victims tell where their money or valuables were concealed, or their
dear ones in hiding. The family of Maby, which came to Long Point,
suffered grievously, as will be told in a subsequent chapter. There is
nothing more pathetic than the story of this unceasing and determined
persecution.
Nor were other states very far behind Massachusetts in point of
unpunished lawlessness. The blood of the murdered cried from the
ground unceasingly for vengeance. The governments of the different
states winked at, if they did not sanction, this terrible ill-treatment of
the Loyalists. All trod the blood-stained path of cruelty, and the pen
of anguish writes its history.
The Convention of the State of New York in 1776 enacted that any
person, being an adherent of the king of Great Britain, should be
guilty of treason and should suffer deatL* But this enactment of the
Legislature seems to have been too extreme, and was not carried out in
its entirety, the Lc»y€dists for the most part being given an opportunity
to quit the country. However, in all the states there was a vast amount
of lawlessness by organized mobs, who had at least the passive sanction
of the executive councils. The saying became common among these
bands of '' Loggers and Sawyers," that " The Lord commanded us to
forgive our enemies, but said nothing about forgiving our friends.*'
This went on so far that the State of North Carolina, in 1780, passed a
law to put a stop to the robbery of people under the pretence that
they were Tories, " a practice carried on even to the plundering of
their clothes and household fumiture."f Li New York State this rage
for plundering grew so strong that it demoralized the American army,
• Dr. Ramsay, " History of United States," VoL IL, Chap. U.
t Hiidreth, <* History of United States/' VoL m.. Chap. 41.
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ENACTMENTS FOR THE PUNISHMENT OF THE LOYALISTS. 19
and affected even the officers, who, from first opposing it, came to take
afterwards an active share in despoiling Loyalist homes.*
''We hold," says tiie Declaration of Independence, ** these troths to
be self-evident : that aU men are created eqnal ; that they are endowed
by their Creator with certain inalienable rights ; that among these are
life, liberty and the porsoit of happiness." And yet, in the same year
in which that precious document was promulgated, the State of New
York i)assed an Act whereby severe penalties were pronounced on all
adherents of the king. This, then, was the liberty they allowed their
oppcmenta They had one gospel for the Jews and another for the
Qentfles. It matters so much whose ox falls into the ditch.
CHAPTER V.
LBGISLATJyE ENACTMBNTS FOR THE PUNISHMENT
OP THE LOYALISTS.
Both during and after the war the legislatures of tiie different
states passed Acts for the punishment of the Loyalists and the confis-
cation of their property. In spite of the recommendations of Articles
4, 5 and 6 of the Treaty of PariSjf there was no mercy shown to
• Dr. RamMy, " History of United St^ites," Vol. IL, p. 159,
t The Treaty of Paris was signed on September 3rd, 1783, immediately on the eon-
dnsion of the Treaty of Versailles with Louis XVI of France. The Articles of the treaty
which relate to the Loyalists are these :
Aktiolx 4. — ^It is agreed that creditors on either side shall meet with no lawful
impediment to the recovery of the full value in sterling money of all bona fide debts here-
tofore contracted.
Abticls 5.— It is agreed that Congress shall earnestly recommend to the legislatures
of the respective states to provide for the restitution of all estates, rights and properties,
which have been confiscated, belonging to real British subjects, . . , and that
Congress shall also earnestly recommend to the several states a reconsideration and
revision of all Acts or laws regarding the premises, so as to render the said Acts and laws
perfectly consistent, not only with justice and equity, but with that spirit of conciliation
which, on the return of the blessings of peace, should universally prevaiL
AsncLB 6. — That there shall be no future confiscations made, ncr any prosecutions
commenced, against any person or persons for or by reason of the part which he or they
may have taken in the present war, and that no person shall on that account suffer any
future loss or damage, either in his person, liberty or property, and that those who may
be in oonfinement on such charges at the time of the ratification of the treaty in America,
shall be immediately set at liberty, and the prosecution so commenoed be discontinued.
2
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20 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
those who had joined ihe king's army or who sympathized with the
Royal cause.
New York, on the 12th of May, 1784, passed an Act for the speedy
sale of the confiscated and forfeited estatea The county committees
were authorized to apprehend and decide upon the guilt of such inhal»-
tants as had been in correspondence with the enemy, and punish those
whom they adjudged to be guilty with impE^o^i^i.ent or banishmeant. ,
Delaware enacted that the property, real, and personal, of ioct^&x
persons should be forfeited to the state unless they gave themslnEes
up to trial f (mt the crime of treason in adhering to the Royal cause.
Rhode Island announced the penalties of death and confiscatioii
of property on any person who communicated with the Ministry or
their agents, or -who afforded supplies to the forces or piloted the
armed ships of th^ King.
New HAMPSOnnt confiscated the estates of twenty-eight of her
former citizens and l)anished^seventy-mx.
In CoNNJKTiCfUT, to s{>eak or write against the doings of Congress
or the State Legislature' was punished by imprisonment and disqualifi-
jO^Aipn lor o£Bce. The property of those who sought Royal protectioii
was.seized and confiscated. yCo.^gisre the king's army or yessels any
asaasttoee, whether by information or provisions, was punished l^
forfeiture of estate and imprisonment for three yeara •
Virginia and Pennstlyania proscribed certain persbnQ,iatid 'enacted
that their property should bei soKtfiid^tK^ proceeds golhto the poUie
treasury.
In New Jersey traitors were punished by imprisonment and con-
fiscation of property. If the prisoner were a ** traitor" of repute, he
might be hanged for treason on the judgment of the Executive C!ouncil,
and the estate of aU refugees were declared 6onfiscate.
Maryland. — The estates and property of all persons who preserved
tji^ir ^allc^giance to the British Crown were declared forfeit, and com-
miisSioneri^ppointed to carry out the terms of the statute&
QbIorq>a.— "Augusta, State of Georgia, 4th May, 1782. Be it
enacted by tiie representatives and freemen of tiie State of Georgia
in general assembly met, that all and each of the following two
hundred and eighty-six persons be, and are hereby declared to be,
banished from this state for ever, and il* any -of the aforesaid shall
remain in this state sixty days after the ^^^assing of this Act,
they are to be apprehended and committed to jail without bail
and main prize, until such time as a convenient opportunity shall
occur for their transportation beyond the seas ; and if they shall here-
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XNACTMSNTS FOR THE PUNISHMENT OF THE LOTALI8TB. 21
after return they shall be adjudged and are hereby declared to be
guilty of felony, and shall on conviction of their having so returned as
aforesaid, suffer death without the benefit of clergy, . . . and be
it further enacted, that all their property, real and personal, be con-
fiscated to, and for the benefit of, this state ; . . . and whereas there
are various persons subjects of the king of Great Britain, possessed of
or entitled to estates, which justice and sound policy require should be
applied to the benefit of this state, be it therefore enacted that all and
singular, their estates, real and personal, of whatever kind or nature
... be confiscated, to and for the use and benefit of this state,
. . . and the commissioners appointed are hereby given full power
and authority for the carrying into effect of these regulations."
In South Carolina forty-five persons who had offended the least
were simply amerced ten per cent, of the value of their estates, sixty-
three were banished and tiieir property confiscated for afiixing their
names to a petition to be armed on the Royal side, eighty suffered the
same penalty for holding civil or military commiBsions under the Crown,
and twelve others for the sole reason that they were *' obnoxious."
In North Carolina the property of sixty-five individuals and
four mercantile firms was confiscated.
Massachusetts took the lead in severity. A person suspected of
enmity to the Whig cause could be arrested under a TnagistrcUe'e war-
rant and banished, unless he would take the new oath of allegiance.
In another Act three hundred and eighty of her people, who had fled
from their homes, were designated by name, and in the event of return
were threatened with apprehension, imprisonment and transportation
to a place possessed by tiie British, and for a second voluntary return,
death without the benefit of clergy.
By another Act the property of twenty-nine ^ notorious conspirators "
was declared confiscated, of whom there were two governors, one lieu-
tenant-governor, one treasurer, one chief justice, one attorney-general
and four commissioners of Customs.
Congress itself, by several Acts, subjected to martial law and to
death all who should furnish provisions and certain other articles to
the king's troops in New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware, and
enacted that all Loyalists taken in arms be sent to the states to which
they belonged, there to be dealt with as traitors.
These Acts may well be compared to the scandalous confiscations of
Marius and Sulla in the later days of the Roman Republic That the
refusal to take the oath of allegiance should be declared to be treason,
or neutrality a crime, will always remain an everlasting monument to
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22 UNITED KMPIRB LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
the injustioe and tyraimy of the legislatures of the various states of the
iinicm. No modem dviUaed natUm, uxdess it be Spain in the ooorts of
the inquisition, or the French Republic in its earliest days, has presented
such a spectacle of wholesale and undeserved confiscation of the property
of those who were guilty of no crime, except that of loyalty to their
king.
CHAPTER VL
THE BRITISH PARLIAMENT AND THE LOYALISTa
Ths fifth article of the agreement of the Peace Commissioners at
Paris provided that Congress should recommend the different state
legislatures to show leniency and a forgiving generosity to the Loyal-
ists and to take measures to reimburse them for their lossea
The gross abandonment of the faithful minority to the spasmodic
and uncertain justice, in fact we may say, the certain injustice, of the
state governments, was severely assailed in both Houses of the British
Parliament At the opening of Parliament the Eling, in his speech from
the Throne, alluded to the " American sufferers," and trusted tliat Parlia-
ment would see fit to pass measures for their compensation forthwith.
Lord North said : *' I cannot but feel for men thus sacrificed for
their bravery and principles — men who have sacrificed all the dearest
possessions of the human heart They have exposed their lives, endured
an age of hardships, deserted their interests, forfeited their possessions,
lost their connections and ruined their families in our cavse"
Lord Mulgrave said that, in his opinion, " it would have been better
that it should have been stipulated in the treaty that Qreat Britain spend
£20,000,000 in making good the losses of the Loyalists, than that they
should have been so shamefully deserted, and the national honor so
pointedly disgraced as it was by the 5th Article of the Treaty of Peace
with the United Statea"
Mr. Burke declared that " to such men the nation owed protection
and its honor was pledged for their security at all hazard&"
Mr. Sheridan " execrated the treatment of these unfortunate men,
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THE BRITISH PARLIAMENT AND THE LOYALISTS 23
who, without the least notice taken of their civil or religions rights,
were handed over as subjects to a power that would not fail to take
vengeance on them for their seal and attachment to the religion and
government of the Mother Country."
Mr. Townsend declared that '* this country would feel itself bound
in honor to make them full compensation for their losses."
Sir Peter Burrell said that *' the fate of the Loyalists claimed the
oompaasiiHi of every human heart. These helpless forlorn men, aban-
doned by the Ministers of a people on whose justice, gratitude and
humanity they had the best founded claims, were left at the mercy of
a Congress highly irritated against them."
In the House of Lords, Lord Walsin^am said that " with patience
he could neitiier think nor speak of the dishonor of leaving these
deserving men to their fate."
Lord Stormcmt asserted that " Great Britain is bound in justice and
honor, gratitude and affection, and by every tie, to provide for and
protect them."
Lord Loughborough declared that " neither in ancient nor in modem
history had Uiere been so shameful a desertion of men who had sacri-
ficed all to their duty and to their reliance on British faith."
Lord Sackville argued that "peace on the sacrifice of these unhappy
subjects must be answered in the sight of God and man."
Lord Shelbume, whose Ministry had concluded the treaty, could
only say, in reply, that he " had but the alternative to accept the terms
proposed or to continue the war, and a part must be wounded that the
whole empire might not perisL" He also stated that he did not doubt
the honor of the American Congress, who would doubtless be just and
fair in their restitution of the lands of the Loyalist& As to how far
this was likely to be the case they might have concluded from the fact
that even before the peace was signed the State of Virginia decreed
" that aU demands of the British courts for the restoration of property
confiscated by the state were wholly impossible;" and the State of
New York, " that the scales of justice do not require, nor does the public
tranquillity permit, that such adherents who have been attainted should
be restored to the rights of citizens, and that there can be no reason
for restoring property which has been confiscated or forfeited."
Since even the mockery of justice was denied them, the Loyalists
organized an agency and appointed a committee of one delegate from
each of the tiiirteen states to prosecute their claims in England.
A Board of Commissioners was appointed to examine the claims
preferred.
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24 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
The claimants were divided into six clnnoeo :
1. Those who had rendered service to Qreat Britain.
2. Those who had borne arms for Qreat Britain.
3. Uniform Loyalista
4. Loyal British subjects resident in Great Britain.
5. Loyalists who had taken oath to the American States but after-
ward joined the BiitisL
6. Loyalists who had borne arms for tiie American States and
afterwards joined the British army or navy.
The rigid roles of examination caused much dissatisfaetion and
gave the Board the title of the " Liquisition." The inquiry lasted
throu|^ seven successive yeara Their methods may be best stated in
the words of their report : " Our mode of conducting the inquiry has
been that of requiring the very best evidence which the nature and the
circumstances of the case would admit We have demanded the per-
sonal appearance and examination of the claimant, conceiving that the
inquiry would be extremely imperfect and insecure against fraud and
misrepresentation if we had not the advantage of cross-examining the
party himself, as well as his witnesses, nor have we, for the same reason,
allowed much weight to any testimony which has not been delivered
on oath before ourselves. We have investigated with great strictness
the titles to real property, whenever the necessary documents could be
exhibited to us, and where they have not been produced we have
required satisfactory evidence of tiieir loss or the inability of the
claimant to procure them."
The amount of claims preferred was £10,358,418, and the sum
granted in liquidation thereof £8,294,452, which was distributed among
4,148 persons.
In addition to this money satisfaction they were given land in the
*' country of their exile," and supplies and proyisions ior a certain time,
as will be detailed in the following chapter.
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CHAPTER VIL
WHAT BRITAIN DID FOB THE LOYALISTS.
The money indemnification has been referred to in the preceding
chapter. This enm of oyer $16,000,000 does not include the yalne of
land grants, implements and supplies of food.
Land was ordered to be surveyed for the Loyalists in New Bruns-
wick, and afterwards in Nova Scotia and in Upper Canada.
These grants were free of expense, and made on the following
scale : 5,000 acres to a field officer, 8,000 to a captain, 1,000 to a subal-
tern, and 200 to every private soldier, and 200 to sons and daughters
of Loyalists on coming of age.
In regard to Upper Canada, however, lieutenant-Governor Simcoe,
in 1792, reduced the grants of land to be given to future settlers, still
preserving the rights of those who had settled previously. By this
r^;ulation no lot was to be granted of more than 200 acres, except in
such cases as the Governs should otherwise agree ; but no one was to
receive a quantity of more than 1,000 acrea*
Each settler had to make it appear that he or she was in a conditicm
to cultivate and improve the land. It is related of Colonel Talbot, in the
settlement of his own reservation, that he put the claimant through a
*It seems that, in the few years following, many persons obtained still larger grants
ol land, for in 1797 the £!zecative Ck>nncil investigated the matter, and on the basis of
their findings, made the following reoommendations to the Legislatore nnder date of 28th
Angnat : **{l) That all ^>propriations for townihips or other traots of land heretofore
made in this provinoe be immediately rescinded, and the townships or other tracts
thrown open to other applicants. (2) That all persons who were really and bona fidt
looated in any township or tract, by the nominee, before the first of Jane, 1797, and
since (if there be no appearance of fraud), be confirmed in that location to the amonnt
of two hundred acres, bat that no recommendation made by any nominee for a greater
quantity be attended to, not precluding, however, the settler himself from exercising
the right common to all His Majesty's subjects of making such applications to the
Bzeoutive Government for an addition as he shall think proper. (3) That twelve
hundred acres, including former grants (except otf military lands) be granted to each
of the four principal nominees, in case there should be four, whose names are subscribed
to the petition for an appropriation ; those persons, however, who happen to be
nominees of more than one township, are not to receive this donati<m mcnre than once.
(4) That the unsurveyed tract be surveyed and the unlocated be located as soon aa
possible." (" Dominion Archives," State papers Upper (Canada, Q. 286.)
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26 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
somewhat severe examinaiion, and by this process of separation of the
sheep from the goats, obtained a very fine class of settlers for the
Talbot district
It was obligatory on the settler to clear five acres of land, to build a
house, and to open a road a quarter of a mile long in front of his
property.
The oath of allegiance had to be taken in the following terms : " I>
A. B., do promise and declare that I will maintain and defend, to the
utmost of my power, the authority of the King and his Parliament, as
the supreme Legislature of this province."
As to provisiona The Government had pledged itself to their
suppOTt for three years ; but, despite its promise, the rations were given
out spasmodically and gmerally in insnffident quantities. They con-
sisted of flour, pork, beef, a very little butter, and a little salt In the
distribution of these rations the commissariat officer (to avcnd the i^
pearance of partiality), after duly weighing and tying up the |»ovisioDS
in bundles, would go round with a hat, and each of the claimants
present would put into it something which he would again recognise—
such as a knife, pencil, button, or a marked chip. Then taking Uie
articles out of the hat as they came uppermost, he would place one on
each of the piles in rotation, and the settler would come and claim his
property. To the early setUers material for garments was given also—
a coarse cloth for trousers, Indian Uankets for coats, and also shoes ;
but the clothing was even more uncertain than the food
A certain quantity of spring wheat, peas, com and potatoes was
given for seed, and certain agricultural implements, to wit : an axe,
a hoe, a sickle for reaping, and a spade. In regard to the axes, a griev-
ous mistake was made in sending out the short-handled ship axes,
which, in addition to the defect of inferior quality, strained and wearied
the backs of the colonists in the use thereof, for the short handles
unfitted them for felling tree& A letter of lieutenant-Qovemor Simcoe
to the Home Government (September 23rd, 1793), complains in strong
terms of the axes sent out, saying : " they are of bad quality, too sh<nrt
in the handle, and altogether too blunt They should be made like the
model sent herewith. Those that have come are absolutely useless."
(" Dominion Archives," Q. 279, p. 325.)
In addition to the supplies given to every family, a plough and
a cow were allotted to every two families, a whip-saw and a cross-
cut saw to every four families, and a portable com mill in every settle-
ment or district
A quantity of nails, a hammer, and a hand saw for building was
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THE LOYALIST EMIGRATION. 27
fl^ven to each family, and to every five families a set of tools, which
included a full set of augers and draw-knives, and also a musket and
forty-eight rounds of ammunition. Four small panes of glass, 7x9
inches, were allowed for each house, and a small quantity of putty.
Such were the supplies allowed by the British Qovemment in the
early years of the Loyalist settlement in Canada; but it must be
remembered that, although the Loyalists who came to New Brunswick
enjoyed this provision which had been made for them, yet when they
made their second migration into the wilderness of Long Point, they
were dependent on their own resources, and except the grant of land
and the glass and ironware for their houses, did not receive Qov-
emment aid. Hence we have the fearful struggle for subeistenoe
in Norfolk C!ounty in the latter years of the century, the cry of the
children for bread and the anxious waiting for the first harvest
CHAPTER VIIL
THE LOYALIST EMIGRATION.
Although the treaty of Peace recommended the Loyalists to Uie
mercy of the different states, the Americans, being secured in their
indep^idence, used their victories to the blind and selfish punishment
of the '' traitors " to their traitorous cause.
Consequently, instead of an entire cessation of hostility, as should
follow the conclusion of peace, the most bitter and rancorous mob law
under the sanction of the different legislatures, was employed against
the Loyalista They were driven from the country by a process of
organized persecution. Thus the wretched and short-sighted policy of
the majority of the states depleted them of their very best blood. Those
who had been the doctors, lawyers, judges and often ministers of the
community, men of culture and refinement, men of worth and charac-
ter, were driven into hopeless and interminable exile.
And indeed, the migration into Canada was considered by them as
exile, though unfalteringly they chose its hardshipa They believed
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28 UNITED EMPIRB LOTAUST 8KTTLSMENT AT LONG POINT.
that they were coming to the region of eyerlaating snow and iee. They
understood that New Brunswick had at least seven monUis of winter
in the year, that hot few acres of that inhospitable land were fit for
cultivation, and that the country was covered with a cold sp<mgy moss
instead of grass, and devoid of any kind of fodder for cattle.
Lower Canada was known as a region of deep snow, a nine mcmths'
winter, a barren and inhospitable shore.
Upper Canada was not thought of in the. early years of the migra-
tion, except as the " great beyond,** a tangled wilderness, the Indians'
hunting ground, covered with swamps and marshes and sandy hills, the
forests full of bears and wolves and venomous reptiles. The only
favorable report of Upper Canada that had reached them was of its
abundance of fish and game.
The British commander of New York, in his work of transportation,
when no more could be accommodated in New Brunswick and Nova
Scotia, sent for a Mr. Grass, who had been a prisoner at Fort Frcmtenae
among the French, and anxiously inquired if he thought *' men could
live in Upper Canada," and on a favorable reply*being given Mr. Grass
was sent as the founder of a colony to Cataraqui in 1784.
The mere fact that thirty-five thousand Loyalists left their native
land for a country which they regarded as a land of exile, is the
best proof of two things — ^first, that they were barbarously treated
by the victorious side ; and second, that they were not a mere set of
office-holders influenced simply by mercenary motives, as is charged
against them, or that they came to Canada for what Britain provided.
To enter the unbroken forests, chop, hew, ''log" and "after mlmy
days " sow the seed among the blackened stumps was a herculean task
for any one, but was even more difficult for these men — judges, lawyers,
commissioners, and others — who were not used to farm life, much leas
to the kind of toil required to change the acres of forest land into fields
of waving grain.
But their courage rose with their difficulties, and in spite of their
dangers there was much to encourage them. They were not, it is true,
entering on a land ** flowing with milk and honey," but it abounded in
fish and game ; and, above all, it was a land over which waved the banner
under whose folds their sons and fathers had fallen in disastrous war,
and to which they clung with the love that passeth not away, but
endureth "through all the years."
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CHAPTER IX.
ROUTES OF THE LOYALISTS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE
TO LONG POINT.
In additicm to the promise of the British Government to indemnify
the Loyalists for their losses, was the promise to send ships to carry
them into Canada. Consequently in tiie spring of 1788 crowds of the
hiqdess exiles awaited in the Atlantic seaports the British vessels.
They came at last, and the first contingent of refugees arrived on
the 18th of May, 1783» off the month of the River St John, and by the
end of the year about 500 had been safely transported to the land, over
which waved the ^ meteor flag of England."
Bnt for those living inland other means had to be provided, and they
were asked to rendexvoos at differoit stations along the Canadian
frontier, for example, Oswego, Niagara-on-the-Lake, and Isle aux Noix
on Lake Champlain. The distance travelled by most of the Loyalists
before readiing Lake Ontario was about 500 miles. From New York
to Albany, the Hudson is navigable about 175 miles. North of Albany,
the river forks into two branches, the western of which is the Mohawk.
About the ancient Fort Stainwix (now Rome) the Mohawk is joined by
Wood Creek. This was followed up for some miles, then a portage of
ten miles was necessary to Lake Oneida, from which Lake Ontario could
be reached by the Oswego river. This was by far the more generally
followed, hence in our classification of routes it is to be put first.
Second — ^The eastern branch of the Hudson was sometimes followed,
the mountains crossed and Sackett's Harbor reached by the Black
River, which empties into the lake at that point Occasionally the
Oswegotchie was reached from the Hudson, and followed to its mouth
at the present town of Ogdensburg, then called " La Presentation.''
Third. — The old military road which ran along the west shore of
Lake Champlain, thence down the Richelieu River to the St Lawrence,
or west to Cornwall.
FourtL — Others again travelled more directly westward from the
rendezvous on Lake Champlain, and striking Lake Ontario at its
eastern extremity, proceeded westward along the southern shore of the
lake to the settlement on the River Niagara.
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30 UNITED EMPIBE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
But it must be remembered that nearly all the Loyalists who
came to the Long Point country settled first in New Brunswick. This
province became rapidly overcrowded, and of necessity their thoughts
were turned westward, and most opportunely came the messages from
Qovemor Simcoe and President Peter Russell urging them to settle in
Western Canada, and promising liberal grants of land. Hence it was,
that in the last decade of the century, many availed themselves of thttir
offers, and moved their families up the St. Lawrence, and lakes Ontario
and Erie, to the Long Point country. This was therefore the common
route of the Loyalists who settled in Norfolk.
Still there were some who came direct, via the Hudson and Black
rivers to Sackett's Harbor, and thence by boat to Long Pdnt Oihen
again came in a north-westerly direction overland through Pennsylvania
and New York, and crossed Lake Erie in frail skiflb.
These were the routes of the Loyalista
CHAPTER X.
MODES OP TRAVELLING.
As to travelling expedita, from place to place, there were just two
means of transit for the early settler, namely, oa foot or by canoe. Of
course the latter was used wherever there was water communication.
The canoe, weighing less, as a usual thing, than fifty pounds, could,
when necessary, be taken out of the water and carried over the neces-
sary portages. Besides, it was swift A speed of ten miles an hour
could be reached by practised hands, and so it continued to be used
well into this century ; for we are told that Sir Isaac Brock travelled
in a birch- bark canoe all the way from Lower Canada to York on the
outbreak of the war of 1812. But the purpose of this chapter is to
deal with the methods of conveyance used by the Loyalists and their
families for themselves and goods in the long migrations to Upper
Canada.
First and ehiefly — BaUeaiua. These were long Ureh canoes, eaeho^>-
able of holding about eight persons and two tons of goods. The standard
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MODES OF TRAVKLLING 81
mm WAB thirty feet in length and nz in width, diminiehing to a short
point at either end, bow and etem being alike. The frame is made by
bending in hot water or steam long strips of ehn. This, when fitted
together, is covered with birch bark not more than an ei|(hth of an
inch in thickness. These strips of bark are sewn together by the
twisted fibres of the root of a partieolar tree, and the joints made
water-tight by the aiq;dicatioii of a gum obtained from the fir tree,
which becomes perfectly hard. These fibre ropes or cords also bind
the parte of the frame together, and the bark to the frame, for no iron
work of any description whatever is need. The result is a veasel of
wonderfnl lightness, resonance and strength, and capable of standing
the impetooos torrent of any rapid. Boats of this deseriptioii are still
used by the Indians in taking tourists down the rapids at Sanlt Ste.
Maria For convenience in transportation over the numerous portages,
the cargo was dime up in portable packages of about a hundred weight
each.
The settlers usually came in companies, the different batteaux f orm-
ing a kind of caravan. About a dosen boats would constitute a brigade,
and an experi«M)ed man was always appointed conductor, who gave
directimis for the safe management of the boats. When they came to a
rapid the boats were doubly manned. A rope was attached to the
bow, and about three-quarters of the crew walked akmg the shore haul-
ing the boat, enough men being left in it to keep it off logs and rocks
by the use of pike pole& The men on shore had to walk along the
bank, or sometimes in the shallow water, occasionally stopping to open
a path for themselves through the underbrush by the use of the ever-
necessary axe. When the top of the rapids was reached the boats
which had been brought up were left in charge of one man, while the
others returned to assist in the navigation of the remaining boats, or
to carry up the cargo. The progress was certainly slow. Sometimes
several days would be consumed in transporting the cargo past the
rapid, and the labor was hard and often dangerous. Day by day they
would make their few miles, and at night lie down to sleep under
the stars, and €ux)und the blazing camp-fire gain strength for the labor
of the morrow. By such trials was the bone and sinew and muscle of
our forefathers developed, in a way they little expected twenty-five
years before, when in their manor houses on the Hudson, they lived
in the enjoyment of the luxuries of civilized life.
Still another kind of water transportation was in curious flat-
bottom boats, called '' Schenectady." This was of wood, not of birch bark,
and was rigged with a triangular sail. The difficulty with this was
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32 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
that its weight made it ahnost impossible to be carried across the port-
ages, and though it would bear a tremendous load, it conld only be used
along the lakes or where there was clear transit for many miles.
Another variety still less used was called the ** Durham " boat This
resembled the Schenectady to a large extent, but was not quite so flat
bottomed, and was propelled in shallow places by poles about ten feet
long, and by oars when the deptii of the water necessitated it
So much for summer trayelling. But many families of refugees
came in the winter. These followed as nearly as possible some one of
the recognized routea Several of the families would join to form a
train of sleighs, which were often nothing more than rude jumpers, the
runners being often not even shod with iron. On these rude sleds*
would be plaoed their bedding, elothee» and what they deemed most
preeiou& The fiivorite route for these winter travellers was the old
military road alcmg lakes George and Ohamplain, and then north to
the St Lawrence. Provisions had to be taken with them sufficient for
the long journey, for iMme was to be had en rxmte.
For winter travelling the ^ French train " was often used, whidi
simply consisted of a long narrow jumper, drawn by several horses in
tandem style Arranged in this way the passage around the trees and
throuj^ the underbrush was more expeditiously made Yet the num-
ber of Loyalists who came in the winter was but few in ccmiparison
with those who made their way west in the swift and wleob batteaux.
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33
CHAPTER XI.
EARLY ACCX)UNTS OF LONG POINT.
The earliest menidon we have of the Lake Erie country is in the
re< om there will be further mention made
in Q visited what is now South-western
Oi B somewhat uncertain what district he
is as near the Lake Erie shore, for he
sp 'ild fowl in the marshes and along the
st] larger game, for he says, " The deer,
wj 3, are easily captorsd, for they have but
lit dians drive Uiem into wedge-shaped
in [ in fish, and the marshes in wild ducks
an
>ve reliable mention of Long Point in
th ds information the writer is indebted
di L, of St Thomas, who is preparing for
th Father Qalin^ and Father Dollier de
O its, who made a voyage of discovery
th Huron in the years 1669 and 1670,
re lault, Lake Nipissing and the Ottawa
ri^
' the other priest and seven Frenchmen
(n k, where it joins the River Lynn (near
th n October, 1669. There they encamped
fo March following, they went down to
th ss, with the Royal arms affixed, and a
w] A taken possession of it as unoccupied
ie ouis XIV. On the 26th of March they
pi h in three canoes. Off Turkey Point
tb ind and forced to land. One of their
ca was carried out into the bay and lost,
ai \ had to be divided between the other
U _ the canoes, and five, including the two
priests, had to proceed west to Kettle Creek by land. It seems that
they marched from the Point about two miles to the high bank, and
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34 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
then followed substantially the present lake road through the location
of Port Rowan to Big Creek, about where is the present Port Royal.
This stream they followed up for some distance, but being dismayed at
the widening swamp, walked down the east bank to the mouth of the
creek. There they built a raft and crossed without accident. They
went on to the portage, where their companions joined them some
days later. After celebrating Easter together they again separated
On the shore near the present site of Port Stanley they found the canoe
Joliet had left the previous September on his return from the explora-
tion of the Mississippi From there to Point Pel^ they travelled in
canoes. At the latter point a storm wrecked one of the canoes, and its
cargo was entirely lost, including the altar service, which they had
intended to leave in a mission among the Potawatamies.* Thus they
were obliged to give up the idea of the mission altogether, and after
making their way as far as Sault Ste. Marie they travelled home by
the ordinary route, namely, by the French and Ottawa rivers.
Qalin^ speaks of the Long Point country in glowing terms. He
mentions the immense herds of deer, which were to be seen feeding
together. He admired the great walnut trees, with their savOTj fruit,
also the chestnuts, hickory nuts, the wild grapes and apples, and says
that it is a perfect paradise and well suited for settlement
In the journal of Charlevoix, of the date June, 1721, there is mention
of Long Point, a sandy ridge of land which had to be portaged.
Thus it will be seen that though the country had been explored and
commended by French discoverers, it was destined to remain for more
than a century without settlement, until a strong and sturdy band of
Loyalists should rear for themselves new homes among the forests.
* The PotawaUunies (or Pouteouatamis) have a village near Detroit of one hundred
and eighty men. They bear for device the golden Carp, the Frog, the Crab, and the Tor-
toise. They also oompose the Village of 8t. Joseph, south of Lake Michigan, to the
number of one hundred warriors. (Report of M. de Jonoaire, *< Documentary Histoiy of
New York," Vol. I., p. 26.)
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86
CHAPTER XII.
THE OOTJNTT OF NORFOLK.
By the Act of the Imperial Parliament, 1791 (81 Qeorge IIL, CSap.
81), ttie Governor was empowered to divide Upper Canada into as
many ooontiee as he might think fit Aooordingly, in the following
year nineteen .connties were surveyed, among them Norfolk, which is
the sixteenth on the list The original proclamation boonds it as
follows:
" On the north and east by the County of Lincoln and the River
La Tranche (Thames) ; on the south by Lake Erie, until it meets the
Barboe ; thence by a line running north until it intersects the Tranche,
and np the said river tiQ it meets the- mnth-west boundary of the
County of York." This included the townships of Burford, Oxford-
upon-the-Thames, Norwich, Dereham, Rainham and Walpole, now in
otiier counties.
At first it formed part of the Western district, an extremely
indefinite province. Previous to the Treaty of 1794,, which came into
eflbet in 1796, the Ohio and Mississippi rivers formed the boundary
line of Canada. By that treaty the line of division was drawn in the
middle of the lakes.
The Surveyor-General described the Western district as follows in
1796 (the early part of the year) : " On the south it is bounded by Lake
Erie ; on the east by a meridian passing through the easterly extremity
of Long Point, and comprehends all the lands north-westerly of these
boundaries, not included within the bounds of the Hudson Bay
Company or the territory of the United States. The boundary whidi
divides it from Louisiana is not well known after it reaches the sources
of the Mississippi."
In 1798 the London district was created, and Norfolk incorporated
in it "^ The counties of Norfolk, Oxford and Middlesex, with as much
of this province as lies westward of the Home district and the district
of Niagara to the southward of Lake Huron, and between them and a
line drawn due north, from where the easternmost limit of Oxford
intersects the Biver Thames till it arrives at Lake Huron." (It will be
3
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36 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEBCENT AT LONG POINT.
noticed that what is now called " Georgian Bay " was not distinguished
from Lake Huron.)*
The general appearance of Norfolk county is rolling and pleasant.
A century ago the gentle undulations were covered with vast forests of
beech, white pine, walnut and oak, of which a good deal yet remaina
In certain townships (Houghton, Middleton, Charlotteville and
Walsingham) are extensive deposits of bog iron ore of the very finest
kind. In this connection may be mentioned the establishment of the
blast furnaces at Normandale as far back as 1818.
Nearly every kind of fruit found in the temperate zone flourishes
here — apple, peach, pear, plum, quince, cherry, grape, apricot and
berries of all kinds. The woods are well stocked with quail, partridge,
rabbits, hares and black squirrels, and the marshes abound in water-
fowl, especially at Turkey Point and at Long Point, which is now a
game preserve and owned by a private corporation. The creeks and
streams are well stocked with fish, speckled trout predominating.
Some parts of the county, for example, Houghton Centre, are simply
tracts of sand ; but the general character of the soil is a clay loam,
suitable for a great variety of crops, easily worked, early and rich.
* The following extracts are taken from a series of remarks in 1708, by Chief Justice
Elmsley, on the *' Act for the better division of the province," which had been passed in
the preceding session of the Legislature of Upper Canada (*' Canadian Archive," Series
Q, 286, p. 86) :
" The very rapid progress made in the townships on the River Thames and in those
which form what is commonly called the Long Point settlement, together with the great
distance of the latter from the Town of Sandwich, which is at present the capital of the
Western district, called for the division of that district into two, if not three, districts.
The County of Norfolk will probably in a few years require to be raised into a distinct
Bailiwick ; its limits and those of the adjacent counties were aooordingly moulded with
a view to that event.
"The head of the navigation of the River Thames, and the confluenoe of its two
principal branches, are two of those points which I have already had the honor to oboorve
naturally present themselves as points of rendezvous and consequently as places for the
transaction of public business, both where aooordingly long ago selected by His Excel-
lency the Lieutenant-Governor for the sites of towns, to that at the former he gave the
name of Oxford, to that at the latter the name of London. In forming the present
arrangement, therefore, care was taken to distribute the townships which lie near thoee
places in such a manner as it was conceived would best promote His Excellency's
intentions.
** The town which has been projected, and I believe actually laid off at Charlotte-
viUe, will be a very convaiient capital to the Long Point settlement ; and it is hoped
that the towns of Chatham and Sandwich will be equally so for the two counties which
will compose the Western district."
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37
CHAPTER XIII.
THE TOWNSHIPS OP NORFOLK.*
GfHABLOTTKYILLl.
This township was named after the now extinct town, Charlotte-
▼ille or Turkey Point. It is probably the most historic of the seven
townships, chiefly on account of its containing Turkey Point, rich in
historical memories, of which a number will be mentioned in subse-
quent chapters.
The soil is a loam, with a tendency towards sandy loam in some
places, chiefly in the southern part. Yet the township contains a
great deal of rich farming land.
It is watered by a multitude of creeks, most of them short and
flowing directly into Long Point Bay. It was one of the very earliest
townships settled, chiefly because, as the Loyalists came generally in
batteaux, they would strike the lake shore first, and not go further
inland than necessary to obtain good land or favorable locations.
Among the earliest Loyalist settlers were Frederick Maby (Mabee),
Lieut. Joseph Byerson, Anderson, McCall, Munro, Seoord, Johnson,
Spurgin, Finch, Montross, Freeman, Smith, Welch, Brown, Teeple and
Tisdale.
The towns and villages are Simcoe, Yittoria, Normandale, Walsh,
Lyndock, Qlenshee, Forestville and the much-to-be-regretted Char-
lotteville or Turkey Point
WOODHOUSE.
Is a comparatively regular township at the south-east comer of the
county. It has a large lake front and two harbors — Port Dover and
Port Kyerse. The latter harbor has been spoiled by the drifting in of
sand, but many years ago it was a regular calling-place for the steamers
which plied up and down the lake.
The township is well watered. Among the creeks is the Lynn, and
one district is called the Lynn Yalley, where the Austins settled. The
soil is rich, very rich in places. This was the attraction which drew so
* The reader is referred to the m*p aooompenying.
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88 UNITED SMPIBI LOYALIST SKTTLiSCSNT AT LONG F<HMT.
many LojralisU to the oountry in the eurly days ; aa» tot example,
Capt Samuel Ryerae, Wyeoff; Davis, Austin, Matthews, ^X^llimms,
Berdan, Wilson, Priee, Millaid, Gilbert and Bow%.
The chief town is, of oourse. Port Dover, if we exeept Simooe, which
takes a comer off fonr townships. Port Byerse has lost alinost every-
thing but its name.
TOWHSEND.
This township would be regular, were it not for a '*bias line" which
cuts off its north-easterly comer. It also is a rich township and well
watered, chiefly by small creeks^ which are tributary to those in other
townships.
Many Loyalists settled here, notably Dou^iarty, Fairchild, Qreen,
Havilaod, Shaw and the Culvera The chief town is Waterf(»d, and
the chief villages, Rockford, Boston and Villa Nova.
WINDHAM.
Is the only township perfectly rectangular and contains fourteen
concessions nine miles long and five-sixths of a mile wide, laid out
on the same plan of survey as Daniel Hazen followed in Walsingham.
The soil of Windham varies greatly, from almost pure sand to the
heaviest clay or muck, with all the intermediate grades.
The chief rivers are Big Creek and Paterson's Creek. In the
western part of the township is Hunger Lake, called so by a party of
Indians who camped a winter on its shores. It is of great depth,
indeed, is said to be unfathomable ; its waters are " crystal dear," while
the banks slope gently up from the shores and are covered with the
richest verdure among the pines.
It was one of the earliest of the townships settled, as will be seen
from mention of the fdlowing names : Beemer, Powell, George Brown,
Joseph and Philip Sovereen, Jesse Munro, Jacob Powell, Wood, Martin,
Qlover, Peter and Henry Boughner, John Butler.
It heads the list in the number of villages : Kelvin, Wellington,
Powell's Plains, Colbome, Windham Centre, Teeterville, Nixon and
Bookton.
MIDDLETOK.
This township was originally covered vrith great forests of pine, and
the axe of the woodman busily plied for a century has scarcely removed
much more than half of its timber. In the western part of the town-
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THE TOWNSHIP OF NORFOLK. 39
ship the land is a day loam, in the eastern a sandy loam, and admirably
adapted for all kinds of crops. Bog iron ore is found in great quantities.
The streams are the Little Otter in the western part and various
branches of Big Creek. Venison Creek takes its rise in the south. It
is therefore a well*watered township, and abounds in water-power
facilities.
It will be noticed in the map that the roads in this township are
peculiarly laid out, and this makes the shape of the farms trapezoid, or
diamond shaped. The reason for this is that the concessions follow the
direction of the celebrated Talbot Street, which was planned in 1803
by Colonel Talbot, of Malahide, an aide-de-camp on the staff of Lieu-
tenant-Governor Simcoe. He was given a large grant of land, chiefly
in Elgin County, and settled at a place on Lake Erie called Port Talbot*
The principal villages are Fredericksburg (Delhi) and Middleton
Centre (Courtland).
Settlement — Middleton was not settled as early as Walsingham or
Charlotteville. About the year 1812 settlers moved into the township
chiefly from the adjoining townships. Frederick and Henry Sovereen
(Sovereign) and the four sons of Samuel Brown were among the
earliest settlers. Lot Tisdale removed to Middleton Centre in 1823.
Southwest of Delhi is a settlement of Protestant Germans from WtLrt-
emberg. This consists of about eighty families, the great majority of
* The following extracto are from the <* Life of Col. Mahlon Burwell," by Archibald
Blue, Esq. , Director of Bureau of Biines, Toronto :
'* In 1804 an expenditure of £250 was made under the direction of Col. Talbot on
building a road through his lands. In 1808, when Sir Francis Gore became Governor,
CoL Talbot petitioned him for an extension of the road, saying that the money already
expended would be entirely lost if a through road were not opened up. On his recom-
mendation CoL Mahlon Burwell was commissioned to survey the road, under date March
24th, 1809. The commission to Col. Burwell from Acting Sur\'eyorB General Chewett
and Ridout begins as follows :
** In obedience to His ExoeUency, the Lieutenant-Governor's commands to us, bearing
date 17th February, 1809, to send a surveyor and a sufficient party as soon as the season
will permit, to complete certain surveys in the London District, recommended by the
Executive Council and approved by His Excellency the Lieutenant-Governor, upon a
petition submitted to the Board by Thomas Talbot, Esq., of Port Talbot, who has recom-
mended you to carry the said survey into execution.
" You are hereby required and directed without loss of time, as soon as the season
will permit, to survey and lay out a road, to pass through the aforesaid townships on the
principle of Yonge Street, by making the said road in breadth one Gunther's chain, and
laying out lots thereon of twenty chains in breadth on each side of the same, leaving a
road on the side lines of each of the said townships, and a road between every five lots in
each of the same of one Gi|nther's chain.
" For this survey your pay will be 7«. M. per day, with an allowance in lieu of rations
of U. 3d. Provincial currency per day."
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40 IGNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
whom came in one body in 1847. The old settlers tell of the defitnic-
tion in 1824 of an immense beaver dam near Guysboro', on Talbot
Street.
HOUGHTON.
'* The santly township." The soil in this township, the most west-
erly in Norfolk County, is principally a sandy loam, with pure sand
predominating in many placea
The " Sand Hills " are famous. One is a thousand feet long, three
hundred wide, and two hundred high, of which the summit presents
the form of a circular plateau with a crater, both deep and wide,
a natural ampitheatre or coliseum. The sand is composed almost
entirely of grains of silica, with a small proportion of limestone, feld-
spar and garnet, the particles very round. It is a great absorbent of
moisture, which it retains for a long time. This keeps the hills in
their original shape. There is an observatory of the United States
Lake Survey on the summit. Another of the peculiarities of these sand
hills is a curious appearance presented by the tops of great pine trees,
protruding from the sand which has engulfed them, resembling the spars
and masts of a fleet of wrecked ships. No description is adequate, the
sight is simply unique.
The chief streams are Clear and Hemlock creeks, flowing into the
lake, and some branches of the spider-like Otter.
Settlement. — Houghton was first settled along the lake shore by the
Beckers, Burgars and Walkers. These were not Loyalists. The two
villages are Houghton Centre and Gear Creek.
WALSINGHAM.
The soil of the southern part of Walsingham is a heavy clay loam.
Towards the centre it becomes sandy, but from this to the north town
line there is much excellent land. Altogether it is a very fine agricul-
tural township.
The largest stream is Big Creek, which takes its rise in Windham
Township. After being joined by its most important tributary,
Venison Creek, it becomes a large stream, and is in places very deep
where the current is held in by high banks. Occasionally it flows
through deep gulches and ravines. In Galinee's journal it is men-
tioned that his party were delayed more than a day in attempting
to cross this stream. It was also at the mouth of this creek that the
McCall party landed in 1796. The township was surveyed by Sergeant
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THE TOWNSHIP OF NORFOLK. 41
Daniel Hazen in 1797. The chief villages are Port Bowan, St. Williams,
Walsingham Centre, Port Royal and Langton.
Settlement — Walsingham was one of the earliest settled of the
townships. "Dr." Troyer and Lucas Dedrick (1793), Ed. McMichael
ri794), one of the Browns and Daniel Hazen (1797), Cope, Backhouse
and Wm. Hutchison (1798), Rohrer and Foster (1800), the Fecks
in 1805, Ellis and the Schumackers in 1807; also John McCall, Silas
Secord, James Munro, David Price and William Johnson. The reader
will recognize that many of the names are those of Loyalists.
LONG POINT.
For many years this district was popularly known as the Long
Point Settlement, hence a few lines of description of the peninsula will
be d propos.
Long Point is a tongue of land (the greater part being hard sand)
extending out into Lake Erie for about thirty miles, and for muni-
cipal purposes attached to the Township of Walsingham. It is now an
island, a kind of shallow canal having been dredged between it and the
main shore.
It abounds in waterfowl, wild duck, geese and turkeys, quail and
partridge. It is also the " anglers' paradise," rock bass, salmon trout,
carp, whitefish, pike, pickerel, and mcu^kerel being found in abundance.
It is now owned by a private corporation, who bought it from the
Government. They have also a preserve of deer on the island, the
number of which is increasing from year to year.
There is but one settlement on the island, called the " Cottages," to
which a small boat runs a regular ferry service in the summer.
To the north, that is on the inner side, is a small triangular isle,
called Ryerson's Island. The reader is referred to the map subjoined,
for a clearer idea of this curious formation and the bay enclosed
between it and the mainland.
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4S UNITED KMPIBS LOYALIST SBTTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTER XIV.
THE INDIANS OF THE LONG POINT DISTRICT.
The tribe of Indians which inhabited the country between Lake
Erie and Lake Huron» in the 17th century, was called the " Neutrals,"
for they had preserved a strict neutrality in the savaf^ wars of the
Hurons and the Iroquoia Champlain speaks of them in his aooount of
his trip west in 1616, saying that they had twenty-ei^t villages and
more than four thousand warriors. These Indians seem to have been
favorable to the French, for in 1626 when three Frenchmen named
Daillon, Lavell^ and GrenoUe visited their country, the Indians hospit-
ably entertained them, the chief, Souharissen, adopting them as members
of his family. In fact, it was with some difficulty that the three
Frenchmen finally escaped from the affectionate hospitality which was
lavished on their devoted heads. .
Unfortunately for the Neutrals they were ultimately drawn into
the fierce tribal wars, and in the conflict, about the middle of the
century, were dispersed, and absorbed into the neighboring Indian
tribes.
Thereafter, the Indians who roamed round* the western part of
Ontario were chiefly Iroquoia After the war Brant and his Mohawks
settled on the Grand River. Between the Thames and Lake Erie,
further west, dwelt the Delawares, and bodies of the Chippawas,
Hurons, Shawnees, Potawatamies, Ottawas, Fustans, and the Six
Nations (Mohawks, Senecas, Oneidas, Cajrugas, Onondagas, Tuscaroras).
The attitude of these Indians to the Loyalist settlers seems to have
been one of unchangeable courte^ and kindnesa Chief Joseph Brant
(Thayendan^ea) was a personal friend of Governor Simcoe, and with
twelve Indians accompanied him in 1795 on his visit to Detroit on a
prospecting tour through western Canada.
In spite of the fact that England had neglected to provide for the
Indians in the Treaty of Paris, the loyalty of the Six Nations
never wavered. The allegiance of Brant to the British brought him
the enmity of the American revolutionists, the consequence being that
the Mohawk valley was the most frequently of all districts invaded and
overrun, and that, too, by an enemy more barbarous than the Indians
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THX MIGRATION TO LONG POINT. 48
themaelves. Their towns and Tillages were ruthlessly bnmed, and the
whole district turned into a scene of widespread and sickening deeo-
latioiL Let not the Americans censure England for the use of Indian
tribes in the war and the atrocities alleged to have been committed by
them, until they have excused, to some extent at least, the terrible
depopulation of the Mohawk valley after the war, for they left there
only a third of the inhabitants, and of that third there were three
hundred widows and two thousand orphaned children.
There are many traditions of the kindness of the Indians to the
early settlers. More than once when a pioneer family was reduced to
the verge of starvation a kind-hearted Indian would come with a fish
or a deer or some wild fowl, although perchance he needed it himself
almost as badly.
The Indian was always welcomed at the settler's shanty. The door
was never shut against him, and they continued to live on terms of
peace and good fellowship. Such instances of treachery as will be
described in connection with the history of the Maby family are likely
untrue, and if they were true the singular exception only proves the
rule.
CHAPTER XV.
THE MIGRATION TO LONG POINT.
Fob many years before a settlement was made at or near Long Point,
Major-Oeneral John Graves Simcoe, the Lieutenant-Governor of Upper
Canada, proposed to found there a military establishment, to aid in the
defence of the new province. He had heard favorable reports of that
district long before he had the opportunity of personally examining it.
He constantly advises the Home Government of its importance, as for
example in the letter written on December 7th, 1791, shortly after his
appointment, he says : " Toronto, the best harbor on Lake Ontario, and
Long Point, the only good road-stead on Lake Erie, are admirably adapted
for settlements. These and the country between the Grand River and
the La Tranche (Thames) form a body of most excellent land, of which
no grants have yet been made.*' (*' Dominion Archives," Q. 278.)
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44 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
In another letter (August 20th» 1792), accompanying the proclamation
dividing Upper Canada into counties, etc., he announces his intention
to occupy in the following spring a post near Long Point, and another
at Toronto, and to settle himself on the river La Tranche. ("Dominion
Archives/' Q. 278, p. 197. " Simcoe to Dundas," No. 11.)
About a year afterwards, he again sends to the Home Goverment a
favorable notice of Long Point, saying, " The survey of the communica-
tion between Lakes Ontario and Sinclair (St Clair) is completed. The
surveyor has discovered an admirable harbor on Lake Erie, near the
very place he (Simcoe) wished it, namely, Long Point, opposite Presqu*
Isle. (August 23rd, 1703.).
On September 20th of the same year, Lieutenant-Governor Simcoe
submitted to the Home Government, an actual survey of the Thames,
so far as it serves to communicate between lakes Ontario and St
Clair, referring to the tract of land as " one of the finest in America,"
and, accompanying it a survey of Long Point, on Lake Erie, saying, " the
situation of Long Point is eminently suitable for a fortified poet and
Qaval arsenal for Lake Erie, and the establishment of one here would
counteract the one held by the United States at Presqu' Isle. A harbor
could be constructed on the island near it. It possesses every facility
necessary for an important centre of military operaticms ! " (" Domin-
ion Archives," Q. 279-82, p. 483). Towards the dose of this long
epistle he again reverts to the settlement at Long Point as affect-
ing the movements of the Indians. '* Tlie settlers to be brought
in slioxdd be brave and determined LoyalistSy* such as those from
Pennsylvania and Maryland^ who at the end of the tear were
associated to support tite cause of the King, and wlio had sent a a
agent to ascertain what arrangemennts could be made for their
removal to the province. A strong settlement there would effectually
separate the Mohawks on the Grand River from the other Indians."
In a letter, about two years after (July 31st, 1795), to the Earl of
Portland, Simcoe emphasizes the importance of the occupation of Long
Point as a naval arsenal, saying, " I am thoroughly convinced that it is
absolutely necessary that military establishments should precede settle-
ments, and hence I have withheld all grants on the centre of Lake Erie.
There should be a military organization established there at once, and
around it a strong settlement could group itself. The lialf-pay loyalist
officers with their followers ivill form a proper basis for the settlement
at Long Point I propose to put Major Shaw in command of the
troops and in general superintendence there."
In another letter, written at the same time, to Lord Dorchester, he
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THE MIGRATION TO LONG POINT. 45
announces his intention to visit the intended settlement near Long
Pointy and in view of the fact that three hundred troops of Pennsyl-
vania are at Presqu' Isle to construct a fort at the entrance of the
harbor, he asks leave to send a detachment of the Queen s Rangers
(one hundred rank and file) to Turkey Point, which is considered to be
the most eligible situation.
During the summer months of 1795, Lieutenant-Governor Simcoe
made his Icmg-def erred visit to Long Point and the Grand River. In a
letter written on his return to Lord Dorchester from Navy Hall, he
describes his route and the country through which he passed. His
favorable preconception of the district was not disappointed, and he
became more than ever anxious to found a settlement there. " The
country is thickly timbered, the chief trees being oak, beech, pine and
walnut. Making our way through the forest we reached the lake at
a place which, from the abundance of wild fowl, is named Turkey
Point. A ridge or cliff of considerable height' skirts the shore for some
distance. Between this and Lake EIrie is a wide and gently sloping
beach. The long ridge of hard sand (Long Point proper) encloses a
safe and commodious harbor. The view from the high bank is magnifi-
cent. Altogether the place presents a combination of natural advantages
and natural beauty but seldom found. Here we have laid out a site of
six hundred acres for a town, with reservations for Government build-
ings, and called it Charlotte Villa, in honor of Queen Charlotte." In
this letter was enclosed a sketch of Long Point and a plan of the
proposed town.
In a despatch from the Earl of Portland to Governor Simcoe
(December 6th, 1795) the proposed settlement at Long Point was form-
ally approved, as was also the class of settlers proposed. "The
gentlemen mentioned in your letter of the 30th of July, as desirous
with their followers of settling there, cannot fail to lay the best
foundation of attachment to the Crown and constitution" ("Dominion
Archives," Q. 281, 2) ; and a month later, in another despatch, " His
Lordship urges that the occupation of Long Point should take place
with as little delay as possible (January 6th, 1796).
The intention of Lieutenant-Governor Simcoe to found a military
settlement at Long Point was frustrated by Lord Dorchester. His
Lordship, in a despatch from Quebec (April 4th, 1796), declares that
"the present posture of affairs would condemn growing expense or
leaving troops in Upper Canada to increase the growth and prosperity
of the colony. The policy of placing so many troops out of the way,
and the enormous abuses in the public expenditure for twenty years.
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46 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
are not the only objection to this mode of encouraf^ing settlements.
The principle itself is erroneous, as evidenced by the improvement in
provinces where neither extraordinary expenses were incurred nor
troops were employed for civil purposes. We have no intuition of
authorizing public works of great expense, but reserves of land should
be made at every place likely to become of consequence, where they
may be required for public purposes."
In a despatch to the Earl of Portland (June 18th, 1796) Simcoe
states plainly that his plan as to Long Point had been frustrated by
tlie interference of Dorchester. " It is my public duty to observe, that
in the civil administration of this government I have no confidence
whatsoever in any assistance from Lord Dorchester. His economical
ideas are contrary to the real principle of public saving."
It is unfortunate that this difference of opinion existed, for it
prevented the early establishment of strong military posts at such
places as Long Point, London and Chatham.
The settlement at Long Point was assuredly tedious in its beginning,
but it was not thereby doomed to be forgotten.
Lieutenant-Qovemor Simcoe obtained leave of absence, owing to
ill-health, in the summer of 1796, and sailed for England. The H<nL
Peter Russell, President of the Executive Council, was appointed acting
Governor.
The townships in various counties were surveyed into allotments,
and among them Walsingham, Windham, Townsend and Charlotteville.
Up to this time no grants of land had been formally assigned in
Norfolk County. There were a few squatters already there. "Dr."
Troyer, Frederick Mabee, Peter Secord, Lucas Dedrick, Edward
McMichc^l, Abraham Smith and Solomon Austin. These were con-
firmed in the possession of the farms they had already chosen. Now
proclamations were issued inviting settlers to the New districts, and
appealing especially to the United Empire Loyalists.
The fees for land grants, a much discussed question, were settled by
an enactment of the Executive Council for Upper Canada, in 1798, as
follows :
" Council Office, 25th October, 1798.
^' That grants to be issued in consequence of Orders of Council
subsequent to the 6th instant, to U. E. Loyalists and their children of
the first generation, to the extent of two hundred acres each, are not to
be charged to the expense of survey, but are to be subject to a fee of
threepence per acre, and that one-half of the above fees are to be paid
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THE MIGRATION TO LONG POINT. 47
to the Reoeiver-QenenJ by all persons on taking oot their warrants of
survey, and the other half to the Seeretary of the Province on receiving
the patents for the land ordered them.
** Approved and signed, " J. Small,
« PsTKR Russell. " C. R C."
The fame of the Long Point district had reached to Eastern Canada,
and when it was opened for settlement there was for a few years a
steady influx of settlers, chiefly Loyalists from the Lower Province, for
whom it was a second migration. The great majority had lived abeady
in New Bnmswick for ten years or longer. That province was over-
crowded, and the allotments unsatisfactory ; and so, being influenced
by tiie offers of land in Upper Canada^ they came west^ for the most
part in open boats, to make their homes in that district
But this removal was a work of stupendous difficulty. The roads
were simply biases through the forests. The heaving bosom of the
inland sea was the only highway, and they had to trust themselves
and their dear ones in frail batteaux to the deep waters. Only one
man came to Long Point in the later years of Uie century who had
ever been there before, that is, the old Scotch soldier, Donald McCall,
whose history is related in a subsequent chapter. Consequently, their
knowledge of the course was meagre and the danger great
Those who came by land had to find their way over the devious
trail of the Indian. Their worldly possessions were tied up in portable
bundles, and carried often on their shoulders. The length of their
journey precluded their bringing much with them, and thus the
building of their new homes in the County of Norfolk was just as
tedious and just as severe as it had been yean before in their settle-
ments on the St John.
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48 UNITED EMPIRE LOTALIST SETTLEBffSNT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTER XVL
CHARLOTTEVILLE.
The principal point of interest in Norfolk Connty is, or ought to be,
the location of the now extinct town of Charlotteville, or Turkey Pmnt.
This was situated on the high bank overlooking TNirkey Point proper.
This point projects into Lake Erie in a Qouth-westerly direction for a
little more than five miles. It is a low-lying peninsula of sandy loam,
forming, as it were, a backbone to the masses of marsh which surround
it This marsh, of reeds, rushes and quill grass, fills up almost entirely
what was formerly a safe and commodious harbor on the inner side of
Turkey Point. Through the point flows a narrow stream, not more
than eight feet wide, called Indian Creek. Although so narrow and so
shallow that the bottom is easily touched, there is sufficient current to
prevent its freezing up in the winter, and it is the waterway of the
sportsmen, who thereby insert themselves into their favorite coverta
The immense numbers of wild turkeys found there a century ago
gave the point its designation. The wild turkeys have, for the most
part, disappeared, but wild ducks of many varieties abound, particularly
mallards, black ducks, yellow legs, red heads, butter balls, the mourn-
ing duck, pintails, and canvas-backs. The point is owned by a private
company, who have erected a commodious club-house thereon, with
boat-houses and all conveniences for the sportsman.
When London district was separated from the Western district, as has
been mentioned in the chapter on the " County of Norfolk," and com-
prised the land that is now incorporated in the counties of Bruce,
Huron, Middlesex, Elgin, Norfolk and Oxford, the courts of Quarter
Sessions were first held in the house of Lieutenant Munro, as will be
detailed in the chapter on his settlement ; but not long afterwards a
public-house was built in Charlotteville by Job Loder, and the early
courts were ocmvened there until a more suitable accommodation could
be obtained.
In 1804i a building was erected to serve the purposes of a court-
house and jaiL This was of frame, two stories high, and twenty-six
feet in width by forty feet in length. The lower story was occupied by
the court when in session, with the exception of a small portion at one
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INDIAN CREEK, TURKEY POINT.
Ou each side is the niarah of tall reeds and quill grass.
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CHARLOTTEVILLE. 49
end partitioned off for the " district jail." The upper story was divided
into two rooms for the jurors, but it is said that in the hot days of
summer they preferred to conduct their deliberations under a spreading
oak tree close by.
The jail was but seldom used, for crime was rare in that community
and the moral sentiment so high that locks and bolts were scarcely
thought of. There is, however, in connection with this jail and court
house an interesting tradition which shows that once at least, in
Norfolk, the sterner penalties of the law were dealt out. The
writer does not vouch for the correctness of the narrative. It is
said that while Sheriff Major Bostwick was in charge of the govern-
ment buildings there, a negro was in confinement awaiting execution
for theft, in those days a capital crima The negro was sentenced
to be hanged on a certain Thursday, but the sheriff had friends coming
from York in the latter part of the week to visit him and enjoy the
shooting; so the good sheriff, not wishing to be troubled with an
execution after his friends arrived, asked the " colored gentleman " if
he would have any objections to be hanged on the preceding Tuesday,
to which the negro replied, " No, no, massa, you've been very good to
me, and if you feed me well until Tuesday I'll be hanged then to
oblige you." So the necessary ceremonies took place, per agreement,
on the Tuesday, and the sheriff was at liberty to entertain his friends.
In 1812 Fort Norfolk was built at Charlotteville, of which nothing
but the trenches remain. This was a stake fort, the walls consisting of
a double row of pointed stakes, the two rows being several feet apart,
and the space between filled in with earth. At the close of the war the
fort was abandoned, and nothing more than the irregular trench marks
its location.
Just on the outskirts of the town a rough frame building was
erected in 1813 for a hospital. This was put up during the cholera
epidemic of that year.
As to the other buildings, it is certain that a rival hotel to Job
Loder's was built on the shore by a man named Hatch, and still
another by Silas Montross. In the kitchen of Loder's hotel was held
the first meeting of Norfolk Masons. The branch society was organ-
ized in that old tavern. In the same room was held the first meeting
of the adherents of the English Church to see about securing a glebe
lot or reservation, so that their church might be appropriately and
suflSciently endowed. This was secured, although the church was not
built for many years afterwards, until the Rev. Mr. Evans came to
reside among them.
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50 UNITED EMPIRE LOTAUST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
But the town did not prosper, the chief reason being that it was
apart from the main thoroughfare east and west Twenty years after
its foundation it contained but one solitary house. To-day it exists no
more. A barren stretch of sand is all that meets the eye. Yet the
antiquarian, or the curio-hunter, or the traveller with Uie historical
mania, can find many an interesting landmark that tells the story of
long ago.
And how many interesting memories crowd upon one who is familiar
with its history ! There is the hill on which was buried the first white
man who died in that district A hollowed log was the coffin of Fred-
erick Maby, and in this simple tomb the members of his sorrowing fam-
ily laid him away. In the war of 1812 an anxious watch was kept for
American foes from the bastion of old Fort Norfolk. In the court-
house for twelve years, at the courts of quarter sessions, those old
settlers, in Qrand and Petit Jury assembled, tried offenders against
the peace of King George. In this little quadrangle were confined
those who from time to time thought themselves above the law of the
new land. Over to the west are the traces of the old hospital, where
works of mercy were no more omitted than were the requirements of
law overlooked.
Interesting surely, though the blinding sand has blotted out man
and his works ; yet the lives of those who raised these earliest marks
of law, religion and pity for suffering man, have not been without
effect Far from it They live in the best blood of Ontario, in our
people's reverence for law, in the stem unswerving loyalty to the Crown,
in the scorn of cant and empty show, the acts of mercy and benevolence,
love of God, faith with man, courage in war, kindness in peace, purity
and goodness and true religion undefiled.
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51
CHAPTER XVII.
CLEARING THE LAND.
It is no small undertaking to enter the forest and attempt, even
nnder the most favorable circumstances, to torn the wilderness into
cultivated fields. Much more di£Bcult was it for these Loyalists, many
of them unaccustomed to the use of the axe, to remove the giant trees
of the " forest primeval " from sufficient of their allotments to sow the
seed. It has been mentioned that the British Government made the
unfortunate mistake of sending out ship-axes for the colonists, and this
clumsy implement, too blunt, too heavy, and too short-handled, almost
doubled the labor of the already over-taxed settler. Many, indeed, who
had had no experience of *" roughing it in the bush " found it almost
impossible to overcome the difficulties of pioneer life.
Moreover, a certain amount of land had to be cleared before any
grain could be sown. This was the prime necessity after the building
of the rude log-houses described, and the fact that often a wife and a
number of starving children were dependent on him, caused the early
colonist periods of almost superhuman exertion.
It is related of one early settler in the township of Stamford, named
Spohn, that he used to work from the earliest streaks of dawn till the
darkness prevented his further labor, and then walk three miles to the
river where fish were to be caught, collect light wood, and spend often
the greater part of the night in fishing by the aid of these " fire jacks.''
The fishing tackle was very rude, the hooks being simply part of the
bone of the pike. On the fish which he managed to catch in this way, and
certain leaves and buds of trees, mixed with the milk of a cow, which
he had fortunately brought with him, the family managed to exist until
early August, when his little crop of spring wheat headed out suffi-
ciently to allow a change of diet Not less severe was the struggle for
subsistence of the earliest Loyalist families who came to Long Point,
among whom may be specially mentioned the families of Maby, Secord
and Teeple.
At that time the only thought was to get rid of the great forests of
beech, maple, white and yellow pine and walnut in the shortest and
easiest way. The great green trees, after being felled, had to lie until
4
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52 UNITED EMPIRE LOTAUST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
they had dried sufficiently to be burned, or until they could be cut into
pieces and removed. Time was necessary for the first, and for the
second prolonged labor with the unwieldy axe. Moreover, beasts of
burden or draught animals were rare in this section, and if the trees
were to be removed while green they had to be cut into small pieces
to permit of carrying.
The common process of clearing the land, after the first litUe plot
had been planted, was to bum the tree& Often the trees were "girdled"
with an axe ; that is, the bark was out through all round the tree,
whereby it would die, and becoming gradually dry would bum the
year following.
When the trees were felled they were set on fire, and most of the
smaller branches would bum, leaving the great blackened trunks. Then
came the " logging " bees, when the settlers of the neighborhood oom-
binod to draw these great logs into heaps, where they would be out of
the way, comparatively speiJ^ing, till they were dry enough to bouL
Thus it was that the forest melted away before the determined
attacks of the sturdy pioneers.
CHAPTER XVIII.
BUILDINGS.
Until the settler could erect his rude shanty, which usually took
about two weeks, the spreading forest trees formed the only protection
for his family from wind and weather. Coming, as they generally did,
in the early summer, this was not severely felt unless a period of rain
made their condition deplorable.
The settler's first task was, of course, the erection of a log shanty,
and all in the community turned out to help the newcomer build his
house. These gatherings for co-operative labor were called " beee " in
Upper Canada. The same institution was known by the name of
" frolics " in New Brunswick
A number of straight, round basswood trees were cut down and
logs cut off the required length, seldom more than fifteen or twenty
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BUILDINGS. 58
feet. These being roughly notched at the comers were piled one on
top of another until the required height of the walls was obtained.
The Qovemment had provided saws, as has been mentioned, and with
these an opening was cut for a door and a window.
The wall on one side was graierally built four or five feet higher
than on the other, and the roof put on in one continuous slant Others
managed to make a kind of gable roof. Strips of bark (generally black
oak or swamp oak), overlapping one another, formed the sheeting of
the roof. As nails were an extreme scarcity, for they cost 18d. a
pound, and being made by hand, so few were in a pound that the price
was at least a shilling a dozen, this bark, which formed the roof,
was fastened to the rafters by green withes.
The interspaces of the logs which formed the walls were filled up
with small straight branches, chinked with clay, which soon hardened
so as to be air and water tight.
The fireplace was made of flat stones, laid one upon another, with
clay for mortar, the roughness of the material necessitating its occu-
pation of an exceedingly disproportionate space in the one-roomed
house.
The chimney was composed of strips of hard wood fitted together
and plastered with mud. These were not alwajrs safe, for Captain
Ryerse's house was burned to the ground in 1804, having caught fire
from the chimney.
The floor of the cabin was made of split timber, rudely levelled by
the axe, or by an adze if there was one in the community.
As has been mentioned, the government allowed a whip saw to
every fourth family, and with this lumber for a door was sawn out
and a few boards wherewith to make a rough table and benches.
The bedstead was formed by inserting long straight poles into the
walls across the end of the house while the walls were in process of
construction. Between these poles the long strips of green bark would
be woven back and forward — a very comfortable " spring mattress."
The earlier .settlers also followed the fashion of changing or trading
work or labor. One who possessed any skill as a carpenter was in
constant demand, and the others would do, in exchange for his services,
the rough work in clearing his land. The " village carpenter " would
make and tit in the little sash with its four panes of glass, in the
opening left for a window. He would, perhaps, also construct a rude
cabinet or cupboard for them, or a chest of drawers.
These articles with, it may be, some treasured heirloom brought
from their native home, such as a tall clock, or a carved chair with
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54 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
curved feet, or an old mahogany escritoire, would constitute the
furniture of the early settler's home.
Yet they were happy, for they were on British soil, which to Uiem
meant more than palatial homes and broad, cleared lands ; more than
fine clothes and fine furniture ; more than flocks of sheep and herds of
cattle ; more than all the luxuries which the thought of rebellion and
the countenancing of it made as gall and wormwood to their loyal
hearts.
CHAPTER XIX.
FOOD.
As has been mentioned in Chapter VII, to the Loyalists who
first came to Canada provisions for three years were given by the
Government ; but the people of Long Point were thrown on their own
resources, and the first settlers experienced the most acute distress.
Mention will be made from time to time of particular instances of
hardship, but in a general way it may be here* stated that the long
journey from New Brunswick, and the insufficient means of convey-
ance, forced the settlers to come without any quantity of provisions in
store for the few months before the grain could be ripened.
Thus it was that there occurred many touching instances of hard-
ship and almost starvation. All kinds of edible herbs were eaten
— ^pig-weed, lamb's quarter, ground nut, and the plant called Lidian
cabbage. The bark of certain trees was cut in pieces and boiled, as
were also the leaves and buds of the maple, beech and basswood.
Were it not for the game, which Providence occasionally threw in
their way, they certainly would have starved. Occasionally a deer
was shot and divided among the members of the rejoicing community.
Frequently, also, great flocks of wild turkeys were seen in the marshy
lands, and it did not require an expert shot to bring down the unsus-
pecting birds. Fish were also easily caught; so that as soon as ihe
first year or two had passed, the settlers had abundance for themselves,
and for any strangers " within their gatea" Tea was an unthought-of
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POOD. 55
luxury for maoy years, and yarious subetitates were used ; as, for
example, ihe hemlock and sassafras.
Still a mde pl«ity existed. As to meat, the creeks and lake sup-
plied fish of several kinds — black and rock bass, perch, carp, mackereL
pickerel, pike and white fish, and above all speckled trout; the
marshes — wild fowl, turkeys, ducks and geese ; the woods — pigeons,
partridge, quail, squirrels, rabbits, hares and deer. As to other animals
in the woods, there were many (too many) wolves, bears, Ijmx, wild
cats, beavers, foxes, martins, minks and weasels. Bustards and cranes
also were found by the streams.
As to grain, they soon had an abundant supply of Indian com,
wheat, peas, barley, oats, wild rice, and the commoner vegetables.
The thoughtful housewives of those times tried to make up for the
various articles of food which they could not procure by the invention
of new dishes, and to make the ordinary menu as palatable as possible
by some change or addition. One of the most appreciated of the
" delicacies " was the pumpkin loaf, which consisted of com meal and
boUed pumpkin made into a cake and eaten hot with butter. It was
generally sweetened with maple sugar.
Another " Dutch dish " was '' pot-pie," which consisted of game or
fowl cut up into small pieces and baked in a deep dish, with a heavy
crust over the meat On such fare were developed the brawn and
muscle which in a few years changed the wilderness into a veritable
Garden of Eden.
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56 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTER XX.
MILIA
As has been mentioned in Chapter VII., some were fortunate
enougli to be provided with portable mills for the grinding of their
corn, but the greater number in Upper Canada had no such loxuriea
For many years the nearest flouring mill to the Long Point settlement
was that at Niagara Falls, a distance of a hundred miles.
At first, then, when they were unable to make the long journey to
the mill, they used what was called the "hominy block " or ** plumping
mill." This was simply a hardwood stump, with a circular hollow in
the top, partly burned into it, and partly chopped out. If a cannon-
ball could be obtained, it was heated to bum out this hole. In this
hollow the grain was pounded with a great wooden beetle, and some-
times a heavy round stone was attached to a long pole or sweep, and
by this mortar and pestle contrivance the Indian com and wild rice
were rudely crushed, and afterwards baked into com or "Johnny"
cakea But wheat could not be ground by this process, and unless the
family had a portable steel mill they were compelled to do without
wheaten bread. Some, however, had these mills, and if they also
possessed a horsehair sieve for bolting cloth, the bran could be separ-
ated from the flour and white bread manufactured.
It was always a condition of the grant of land on which there were
good water-power facilities, that a grist mill be erected within a certain
time, and thus in a few years all over the country sprang up flouring
mills. Captain Samuel Ryerse built the first mill in Long Point, and
ran it for several years, though at a financial loss, for the toll was
only one bushel in twelve, and the mill was idle all through the sum-
mer. The machinery for these mills was hard to procure, and after
it was gotten, hard to keep in order. It could only be bought for cash,
and ready money was never a very plentiful article with the early
settlers. Captain Ryerse had to sell part of his grant of land at a
dollar an acre to obtain money to buy the machinery for his mill.
Moreover, there was no market for any surplus wheat that might
be raised. Until the war of 1812 wheat was never more than two
shillings (sterling) a bushel. Consequently after the first struggle for
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CLOTHIKO. 67
Mf 6 there was no particular indnoemeiit f (^ the early settler to grow
more wheat than was necessary for his own coDsnmpiioQ.
For many years the Ryerse mill was the ooly one within seventy
miles. About 1805, however, Titus Fineh built one at Turkey Point
There was also the Sovereign mill at Waterford, the Russell mill at
Vittoria, Malecdm's mills near the present site of Oakland, the Culver-
Woodruff mills on Paterson's Creek, and the mills of Robert Niool at
Dover.
CHAPTER XXI
CLOTHING.
The half-pay officers who settled in New Brunswick had frequently
their uniforms and accoutrements which they had worn in their native
States — ^taght knee-breeches of black or yellow or dark blue satin,
white silk or satin waistcoats, and the gorgeous colored frock coats,
often claret, royal purple, or pea, pearl or bottle green, with their wide
odlars. The coats were lined with plush or velvet of a different shade.
Black silk stockings and morocco shoes, with immense silver buckles
covering the whole instep, completed their attire.
However, these were not garments suitable to making their way
through the tangled underbrush, fording creeks and marshes, and
stamping and logging in the bush. Even if it were used at all, in a
year or two this finery would disappear, and the colonists had to
resort to the produce of their fields or that which the new land
pcovided.
It may be thought that the wool from the sheep would be the most
natural material to weave into coarse garments. This would have
been the case if the early settler could have depended on his sheep
from one day to another, but the fondness of Canadian wolves for
lamb and mutton seriously interfered with his calculations in this
regard, and supremely fortunate was he, if by any chance a sheep
could be preserved until its wool were of sufficient length to be clipped
and thereafter made into garmenta Consequently they resorted to
the culture of flax. Every family had its little plot of ground sown
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58 UNITED IMPIRI LOTALI8T SETTLKMINT AT LOKO POIKT.
with flax-fleed, and one of the standard aooomplishments of the brave
women of those days was the knowledge of its eoltore. They had to
weed, pnll and thresh ont the seeds, and then spread it to rot After
it was dressed they span and wore it into ooarse linen, which sup-
plied garments for both sexes. The spinning and weaying procoooos
were generally diffieolt on aceoont of the rade h<mie-made imjdemoits
which the early settlers had to use, for but rarely had any spinning
wheels or looms been brought over from the Statea The " fulling " of
the cloth had to be accomplished by the process of ''treading'' the
fabric in large tubs. This coarse linen doth, which was very often
raized with what little wool could be obtained, made a matfirial whieh
would last for year&
The next most important clothing material was deerskin, which was
used not only for shoes, but for garments alsa The settlers got the
idea of using it from the Indians, who taught them how to prepare it,
so as to be pliable and comfortable. The fatwnwy process consisted in
removing the hair, and working it by hand with the brains of some
animal until it became soft and white. This, of course, made the most
durable garments, and was a favorite material for trousers. Petticoats
were also made of it for the women.
The only objection to deerskin garments was ttiat they soon got
lamentably greasy and dirty, and were hard to dean. In Dr. Byer-
son's history an interesting story is told.of the domestic, Poll Spragge.
She had but one artide of dress, a kind of sack made of buckskin,
with holes at the top for her arms, and this garment hung from her
shoulders, and was tied in at the waist by thongs of the same material.
She was left alone in the house one day with orders to wash her
single garment. In the absence of soap she bethought hersdf of the
strong lye, made from wood ashes, not knowing its effect on leather.
When she took it out of the pot where she had been boiling it, it was
nothing but a partly decomposed mass. The feelings of poor Poll may
be more easily imagined than described. As soon as she caught sight
of the returning &mily she hid herself in the potato cellar, and refused
to come out until some one's second best petticoat was procured for her.
Such was the scardty of dothing of any kind in these early yeara
As for personal ornamentation or decoration the pa^ of the
Yankee pedlar supplied the wants of the families who were rich
enough to buy such luxuries. The coming of the pedlar and the open-
ing of the pack was a long-looked for occurrence. The ordinary artides
always carried by these itinerant merchants were gaudy printed calicoes,
a yard of which sold for the usual price of an acre of ground (Jll.OOX
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CLOTHING. 59
coarse muslin at about fifteen shillings a yard, and shawls and 'ker-
chiefs, of elaborate pattern, "fearfully and wonderfully made/' the
gaudy colors greatly enhancing their value. Besides these, he was
accustomed to bring around the standard assortment of tape and needles,
horn combs, pencils, paper, hooks and eyes, and some yards of narrow
ribbon of divers colors for hair and neckwear on special occasions.
To get a long chintz or gingham dress to " go to meeting " in was
the height of many a fair maiden's ambition. The writer has been told of
an instance where two daughters of the same family were accounted the
most finely dressed "belles" of the settlement, because they had each a long
veil of coarse muslin to wear to church, though, indeed, neither of them
had anything to wear in the line of footgear, and so went to meeting
barefoot.
As to wedding garments, generally some faded silk dress of the
mother, which had been laid away for a quarter of a century or more,
with cinnamon bark or sprigs of cedar, was remodelled to fit the fair
damsel on this auspicious occasion. Some amusing stories are told
of smaller dresses being " let out," with the coarse linen of the house-
hold, so as to fit the extensive figure of a maiden who was not so slender
as her mother had been. But " necessity constraineth us," and these
trifling inconsistencies, which would drive a modem jmncie to distrac-
tion, did not alloy the happiness of the Loyalist maidraia
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60 UNITED EMPIBE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTER XXIL
THE PREACHING OF THE GOSPEL IN LONG POINT.
Until the year 1800 there were very fewehnrehes in Upper Cmrnkdn;
and the people were dependent on one of Uieir own number to ooodnci
serviee, in a settler's cabin or under the forest trees. A letter of Hon.
Peter Russell to the Anglican bidiop of Quebec (22ad June, 1796X gives
a very accurate view of the state of religious organization in Upper
Canada at that time. " There are no churches west of Eingstozi, a
circumstance disgraceful to the inhabitants, and only to be apolog^ized
for by their haatd struggles and want of proper clergymen. Of the
£1,000 voted by Parliament, I suggest that £500 be used in building a
hai^dsome church at York, and when the inhabitants of New Johns-
town (in Eastern District), Newark and Sandwich appear disposed to
raise subscriptions for their respective churches, let £100 be given to
Newark and £200 to eaeh of the other two. I have appointed Rev.
Mr. Addison to Newark."
The Bishop of Quebec approved of the appointment of Addison, and
decided that he be one of four to receive a salary (£100). Rev. Mr.
Addison had, however, other sources of income,* for a minute of the
(Council of Newark (August 14th, 1797) reads : " Resolved that the salt
springs at the Fifteen-mile Creek be leased to the Rev. Mr. Addison at
a rent of 6& currency, for such time as he shall continue to officiate as
a clergyman of the Church of England at Newark."
Rev. Mr. Addison was given grants of land in various places, among
them 400 acres (lots 1 and 10, third concession) in Walsingham.
L EPI8CX>PALIAN.
For thirty years after the foundation of the settlement, until the
arrival of the Rev. Mr. Evans in 1824, the colonists who adhered to the
faith of the English Church had no regular minister. There was no
clergyman nearer than Niagara, a hundred miles distant, and a blaze
through the trees constituted the only road to that centre of advance-
ment and civilization.
Captain Samuel Ryerse was accustomed to read the church service
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THE PREACHING OF THE Q06PEL IX LONG POINT. 61
every Sunday to his household, and to any who might wish to listen
with them.
Subsequently Mr. Bostwick, who was the so } of a clergyman, used
to read the service and sometimes a sermon. But very few copies of
sermons were to be obtained, for, indeed, but few copies of any books
existed among the settlers, and after reading over several times the
*' stock in hand " they naturally lost their interest
The first visit of a bona fide minister of the Episcopal faith to
Norfolk County occurred in 1805, when the Rev. Mr. Addison, the
only clergyman in Western Ontario, came by request from Niagara to
baptize the children who had been born on the settlement, for so far
there had been no regularly authorized licentiate to perform that cere-
mony. It was a long-to-be-remembered event, and many of the people
broke out into a passion of tears as they listened, in some cases, the
first time for eleven years, to the voice of a regularly ordained minister.
It was surely an afiecting scene, and brings home to our minds one of
those trials which the Loyalists had to undergo, and which is but
seldom thought of, namely, their enforced deprivation of religious in-
struction.
IL BAPTISTS.
In 1798 Elder Titus Finch came to Long Point and became the
leader of the Baptists of that district For many years they had no
church, and so Elder Finch travelled around and held service on
the Sabbath at various points in the settlement. The houses of the
settlers were not often large enough to accommodate those who
assembled, and frequently on summer days the service was held in an
open glade of the forest, the murmur of the breeze forming a sweet
accompaniment, which in its calm and heavenly infiuence wafted their
thoughts to the Creator of the universe. In 1804 the community of
Baptists was organized, and about 1810 their church was erected, a
commodious and substantial building.
III. PRESBYTERIANS.
The founder of the first Presbyterian church of Norfolk County
was the Bev. Jabez Culver. He was a regularly ordained minister in
New Jersey, and on coming to the Long Point settlement in 1794, held
service every Sabbath in his own house. In 1806 the Presbyterians
were organized into a church community, with the Rev. Jabez Culver
as their regularly appointed pastor. This was known as the old
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62 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
'* Windham Church/' and continued till the death of Mr. Culver in 1819.
Then it was dissolved, but being reorganised later, became a flonrishiiij^
and important body.
IV. METHODISTS.
This denomination was, as usual, one of the very first to establifih
its organization in the new country. It is said that the Presbyterians
have the congregation first, and the church afterwards ; but the Metho-
dists the church first and the congr^ifation afterwarda The Methodist
body had two cliapels in this county before the first Presbyterian
church was built.
The first recognized Methodist minister was the Bev. Daniel Free-
man, who, though not ordained by the Methodist Episcopal Church
until he had been some years in the Long Point district, nevertheless
conducted regular service, and most of the young people of the com-
munity joined his churcL This was called the ** Woodhouse Methodist
Church," on the identical site of which the third Woodhouse Methodist
Church now stands.
All honor to these eurly ministers of the dissenting bodies, for
though they were unlearned, and sometimes uncouth in speech, their
lives proved their sincerity. They bore cheerfully every privation,
and prc€u:hed in every place where they could get a hearing. Nor can
any one charge them with doing this, to be supported by the other
members of the community, for even " after many years " the regular
stipend for a married man was only S200, and* half that sum for a
single man. Nor was this always paid in cash, but the greater part of
it made up in the produce of the land, or in the coarse linen or woollen
garments which were the product of the house looms.
There were no Roman Catholics in the neighborhood until after 1825.
Such was the state of religious instruction in the Long Point
Settlement in the early days.
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CHAPTER XXIIL
MABRIAGE.
There were but few clergymen in Upper Canada in the early years
of the century. Mr. Addison, of Niagara, was the nearest minister to
Long Point Consequently almost any person who held any public
position whatsoever was often called upon to perform the ceremony ;
as, for example, the captain of a regiment, a colonel, adjutant, magistrate,
or sheriff.
In a letter of lieutenant-Grovemor Simcoe to Dundas (November
6ih, 1792), he calls attention to the necessity for a bill to make valid
marriages contracted in Upper Canada, and to provide for them in the
future, and he encloses a bill for the purpose framed by Chief Justice
Osgoode, and a report on the same subject submitted by Mr. Cartwright
(" Dominion Archives," Q. 279, p. 77).*
• THE MARRIAGE I4AW IN UPPER CANADA.
BSPOBT BY BICHAKD OABTWBIOHT, JUHIOK.
C* Canadian ArcUves,'* Series Q, S791, p. 174-)
** Rkpokt on the subject of Marriages and the State ol the Church of England in the
Province of Ui^ier Canada, humbly submitted to His Excellency Governor Simcoe.
*' The Country now Upper Canada was not settled or cultivated in any part except
the settlement of Detroit, till the year one thousand seven hundred and eighty-four,
when the several Provincial Corps doing Duty in the Province of Quebec were reduced,
sod, together with many Loyalists from New York, established in di£ferent Parts of this
Province, chiefly along the River St. Lawrence and the Bay of Quenti. In the mean-
while from the year 1777 many families of the Loyalists belonging to Butler's Rangers,
the Royal Yorkers, Indian Department and other Corps doing Duty at the Upper Posts,
had frmn Time to Time come into the country, and many young women of these families
were contracted in Marriage which could not be regularly solemnized, there being no
Clergyman at the Posts, nor in the whole country between them and Montreal. The
practice in such cases usually was to go before the Officer Commanding the Post who
puhlickly read to the parties the Matrimonial Service in the Book of Common Prayer,
using the Ring and observing the other forms there prescribed, or if he declined it, as
was sometimes the case, it was done by the Adjutants of the Regiment. After the
settlements were formed in 1794 the Justices of the Peace used to perform the Marriage
Ceremony till the establishment of Clergymen in the Country, when this practice adopted
only from necessity hath been discontinued in the Districts where Clergymen reside.
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64 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
To avoid complications which might have resulted from illegal
marriages, the Parliament of Upper Canada, in 1793, passed " an Aet to
confirm and to make valid certain marriages, heretofore contracted in
the country now comprised in the Province of Upper Canada, and to pro-
vide for the future soleiAuization of marriage within the same. ....
The marriage and marriages of all persons not being under any
canonical disqualification to contract matrimony, that have been publicly
contracted before any magistrate or commanding officer of a post, or an
adjutant, or surgeon of a regiment acting as chaplain, or any other per-
son in any public office or employment before the passing of this Act,
shall be confirmed and considered to all intents and purposes as good
and valid in law; and it is further enacted that the contracting
parties, which do not live within eighteen miles of any minister of the
This is not yet the case with them all ; for though the two lower Diatriote have had each
of them a Protestant Clergyman sinoe the year 1786 ; it is but a few months ainoe this
(Nassau or Home) District hath been provided with one ; and the Western District in
which the settlement of Detroit is included, is to this day destitute of that useful and
respectable Order of men ; yet the Town of Detroit is and has been since the Conquest
of Canada inhabited for the most part by Traders of the Protestant Religion who reside
there with their Families, and among whom many Intermarriages have taken i^aoe,
which formerly were solemnized by the Commanding Officer, or some other Layman
occasionally appointed by the Inhabitants for reading prayers to them on Sundays, but
of late more commonly by the Magistrates since Magistrates have been app(Hnted for
that District.
*' From these circumstanoes it has happened that the Marriages of the generality of
the Inhabitants of Upper Canada are not valid in Law, and that their children mnst
strictojure be considered as illegitimate and consequently not intitled to inherit their
property. Indeed this would have been the case, in my opinion, had the Marriage Cere-
mony been performed even by a regular Clergyman, and with due Observance of all the
Forms prescribed by the Laws of England. For the clause in the Act of the 14th year
of His Present Majesty for regulating the Government of Quebec which declares " That
in all cases of Controversy relative to Property and Civil Rights, resort shall be had
to the Laws of Canada as the Rule for the Decision of the same," appears to me to
invalidate all Marriages not solemnized according to the Rites of the Church of Rome, so
far as these Marriages are considered as giving any Title to property.
** Such being the Case it is obvious that it requires the Interposition of the Legis-
lature as well to settle what is past, as to provide some Regulations for the future, in
framing of which it should be considered that good policy requires that in a new Country
at least, matrimonial Connections should be made as easy as may be consistent with the
Importance of such Engagements ; and having pledged myself to bring this Business
forward early in the next Session, I am led to hope that Your Excellency will make such
Representations to His Majesty's Ministers as will induce them to consent to anch
ari-angements respecting this Business as the circumstances of the Country may render
expedient. Measures for this purpose having been postponed only because they might be
thought to interfere with their Views respecting the Clergy of the Establishment.
" Of this Church I am myself a member and am sorry to say that the State of it in
this Province is not very flattering. A very small proportion of the Inhabitants of
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MARQIAGK. 65
Church of England, may apply to any neighboring justice of the peace,
who shall affix in some public place, a notice for which he shall
receive one shilling, and no more."
In 1798 another Act provided that ministers of the Church of
Scotland, or Lutherans, or Calvinists, could perform the ceremony if
one of the contracting parties had been a member of that Church for at
least six months. This clergyman had to prove his qualification before
six magistrates at Quarter Sessions, appearing with at least seven mem-
bers of his ocmgregation, to bear witness to the correctness of his oath.
In 1818 a further Act made valid the marriages of those who had
in any way neglected to preserve the testimony of their marriage.
In 1831 another Act confirmed marriages contracted before any
justice of the peace, magistrate, commanding officer, minister or clergy-
man, and at the same time it was provided that it should be lawful for
Upper Canada have been educated in this Pbrsiiasion and the Emigranta to be expected
from the United States will for the most part be Sectaries or Dissenters ; and nothing
prerenta the Teachers of this class from being proportionally numerous, but the Inability
of the People at present to provide for their support. In the Eastern District, the most
popnloos part of the Province, there is no Church Clergyman. They have a Presbyterian
Minister, formerly Chaplain to the 84th Regiment, who receives from Government fifty
Pounds p. ann. They have also a Lutheran Minister who is 8upx>orted by his Congre-
gation, and the Roman Catholic Priest settled at St. Regis occasionally officiates for the
Scots Highlanders settled in the lower part of the District, who are very numerous and
all Catholics. There are also many Dutch Calvinists in this part of the Province who
have made several attempts to get a Teacher of their own Sect, but hitherto without
success.
" In the Midland District, where the members of the Church are more numerous than
in any other part of the Province, there are two Church Clergymen who are allowed one
hundred pounds stg. p. ann. each by Qovemment, and fifty iK>unds each by the Society
for the Propagation of the CospeL There are here also some itinerant Methodist
Preachers, the Followers of whom are numerous. And many of the Inhabitants of the
greatest property are Dutch Calvinists, who have for some time past been using their
endeavours to get a Minister of their own Sect among them. In the Home District there
is cue Clergyman who hath been settled here since the month of July last. The Scots
Presbyterians who are pretty numerous here and to which Sect the most respectable part
of the Inhabitants belong, have built a Meeting House, and raised a Subscription for a
Minister of their own who is shortly expected among them. There are here also many
Methodists So Dutch Calvinists.
" In the Western District there are no other clergy than those of the Church of
Rome. The Protestant Inhabitants here are principally Presbyterians.
" From this statement Your Excellency will be able to draw the proper Conclusions ;
and to judge how far the Establishing the Hierarchy of the Church of England in this
Province may be proper & expedient.
" I have the Honor to be, with the most profound respect,
" Your Excellency's most humble servant,
'» RICHD. CARTWRIGHT, Junr.
"Nbwam, 12th October, 1792."
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66 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
ministers of the Church of Scotland, Lutherans, Presbyterians, Congre-
gationalists. Baptists, Independents, Methodists, Mennonists, Tnrkers
or Moravians, to solemnize matrimony.
This is very important, as it conveyed a long delayed right to
ministers of all the recognized dissenting bodies.
Until 1814 no licenses were used. In that year, on the 31st of May,
the Qovemment appointed five persons as issuers of marriage licttisee,
of whom the nearest to the Long Point Settlement lived at Queenston.
The ordinary method was to publish the banns for three successive
Sundays. This notice was to be posted in some conspicuous place,
generally on the mill door, for there were not many churches at that
time. The young people, in their anxiety to avoid publicity, would
sometimes put the notice on the inside of the door, while another way
was to take two or three of their immediate friends, sworn to secrecy,
and simply hold it to the door for a few minutes each Sunday, Uuree
Sundays in succession. The purport of the notice was as follows, the
words being subscribed by a magistrate : '' Enow all men by these
presents, that A. B. is desirous of taking to wife C. D. If any one
knows any just cause why the ceremony should not be duly performed
let him give notice to Magistrate X. Z. on or before ."
As to wedding garment& If the family had any fine clothes stowed
away, which had been brought from ** Old Virginia," these were looked
up, the creases of a score of years smoothed out, and her mother's dress
made over to fit her youthful daughter. But, as a rule, in this settle-
ment it was the height of the prospective bride's ambition to get money
enough to buy from a pedlar a few yards of dimity or colored calico, or
calamok, or a " linsey-woolsey " petticoat, or a woollen drugget But
many a blushing bride had to be content with a garment of deerskin,
and a squirrel-skin bonnet, and still looked lovely in the eyes of
her lover.
The d/jeikier consisted usually of huge chicken or partridge pies,
wild fowl of all kinds, piles of '* Johnny cake " and wheaten bread and
buns, cranberry and wild fruit pies and puddings, and various other
dishes which have been described in detail to the writer.
A wedding without a dance was an insipid aflhir, and often the
festivities were kept up for two or three nights in succession.
As to dowry, the bride was rich if her portion was a yoke of steers,
a cow, three or four sheep, and a few yards of homespun linen ; whik,
if the groom had a hundred acres of land, with a tenth of it cleared, and
a log-house already built, they were a much-to-be-envied couple.
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67
CHAPTER XXIV.
FUNERALS.
The first white man who died in the Lon^ Point Settlement was
the U. R Loyalist, Frederick Maby. In 1794 he passed away, after
only one year spent in the endeavor to bnild up a home in the wilder-
ne8& He was buried in a log coffin ; that is, one hewn out of a solid
1(^ covered with a rough slab. The grave was on the top of the hill
which overlooks Turkey Point There was no funeral, for there was
not a minister of any denomination within a hundred milea The
weeping &unily simply knelt around the open grave. Besides the
widow and the children of the deceased, there were three other men,
still earlier settlers, — ' Billy Smith," who had lived a wild life for years
among the Indians, Peter Secord, and *' Dr." Troyer.
The places of burial continued generally on the spot chosen by the
&mily of the first person who died in that locality. When another of
the settlers died, it was the natural thing to lay him beside the one
who had gone before, and thus the number of those who were re-
moved from their difficulties and hardships would keep on increasing,
and the cemetery would be filled.
But some preferred to bury their loved ones in a comer of their
farm, and many a little private burying ground may be seen to-day — a
comer of a field, where a few cypress or willow trees have been left to
murmur a requiem over the departed.
The mode of burial was simple and touching. Seldom in the early
days of the settlement was there any minister to conduct the service
The elder sons of the mourning family would bear the rude cofBn,
which had sometimes the simple tribute of a few wild flowers placed
thereon, to the open grave. When the body was lowered the father,
in broken voice, would read a prayer or make a few remarks about
the departed to the friends who were standing around, with heads
uncovered *'Dust to dust, ashes to ashes." Sadly the sorrowing
friends filled in the earth and turned away, striving to drown their
grief in labor. But the cypress trees softly whispered in the breeze of
summer or howled in the winter's blast over the resting-places of those
who had been loyal and true and noble, who had done their duty for
5
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UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
conscience' sake, who had worked hard and long and faithfully to build
a home on British soil, and to whom had now come the everlasting
rest after labor. Oh, what memories, sacred and sad and sweet,
cluster around these old burying grounds ! Men who rest without a
marble monument, yet who need none, for the fields, clad with the ripen-
ing grain, the beautiful homes, the splendid roads, the churches, the
schools, the benevolent institutions of every kind are their memorials,
for it was they who first entered the wilderness and laid the founda-
tion for that marvellous superstructure of civilization reared by
generations then unborn.
CHAPTER XXV.
LIST OF UNITED EMPIRE LOYALISTS WHO SETTLED AT
LONG POINT.
Note.— Where no date is given it hat been found impossible to obtain accurate
infonnation. Where the date is marked (?) it is approximately, but may not be absolutely
correct.
Xame. Township.
Anderson, Captain Walter Charlotteville
Austin, Solomon Woodhouse . .
Berdan, Albert Woodhouse . .
Buckner, or Boughner, Mathias Windham . . .
Buckner, or Boughner, Henry Windham . . .
Bowlby, Thomas Woodhouse . .
Brown, Samuel CharlotteviUe
Culver, Jabez Townsend . . .
Culver, Timothy Townsend . . .
Cope, William Walsingham .
Davis, Thomas Woodhouse . .
Dedrick, Lucas Walsingham .
Dougharty, Anthony Townsend . . .
Freeman, Daniel Charlotteville
Dale.
1799
1795
1798
1801
1801
1797
1800
1794
1795
1798
1793
1810?
1798
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UNITSD EMPI&B LOTALI8T8 WHO SBTTLED AT LONG POINT.
69
Home. * Tawtukip.
Finch, Titus Charlotteville. ,
Foster, Elias Walringham . . <
Fairchild, Peter Townsend
Green, Renben Townsend . . . . .
Glover, Jacob Windham
Gilbert, Joaiah Woodhouse . . . ,
Hntchison, Capt William Walsingham . . .
Hazen, Daniel Walsingham . . .
Haviland, John Townsend
Johnson, Lawrence Charlotte ville. .
Maby, Frederick CharlotteviUe. .
Mnnro, lieutenant James CharlotteviUe. .
Mcmtross, Peter CharlotteviUe. .
MiUard, Daniel Woodhouse . . . .
Matthews, James Woodhouse
McCaU, Donald CharlottevUle. .
McMichael, Edward Walsingham . . .
PoweU, Abraham Windham . . . . .
Ryerse, Samuel Woodhouse . . . .
Ryerse, or Ryerson, Joseph CharlotteviUe. .
Smith, Abraham CharlotteviUe. .
Smith, Hart Windham
Spurgin, William CharlotteviUe. .
Secord, Silas Walsingham . . .
Secord, Peter CharlotteviUe. .
Shaw, Michael Townsend
Ilsdale, Lot CharlotteviUe. .
Teeple, Peter CharlotteviUe. .
Welch (Walsh), Thomas CharlotteviUe. .
Williams, Jonathan ' Woodhouse
Wycoff, Peter Woodhouse
Wilson, Jacob Woodhouse . . . .
Wilson, Joseph. . . Woodhouse
DaU,
1798
1800
1805?
1811
1810?
1799
1798
1797
1803
1799
1798
1796
1799
1799
1799
1796
1794
1799
1796
1799
1794
1811
180C
1798
1798
1798
1794
1800
1801
1805?
1805?
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70 UNITSD BMPIBB LOYALIST SETTLEMSNT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTEE XXVI.
DEDRICIL
{Tke/rM Lcffoiiai who aeUUd in Norfolk CoinUy.)
The Dedriek family were of Qerman descent, and early settlers in
Pennsylvania. Lucas Dedriek was one of the Pennsylvania Loyalists,
bnt remained in his native state till 1798, when he came directly to
Long Point
He built a log cabin on the high land overlooking the marsh, about
a mile and a half west of the present village of Port Rowan. Hewae,no
doubt, the seccmd white settler in WaJsingham, his [Hredeeessor being
the noted Dr. '* Witch " Troyer (not a Loyalist), who had settled on the
lake front in Eastern Walsingham, It was not till 1797, after the
township had been regularly surveyed, that Mr. Dedriek received the
patent for the land on which he had settled.
The creek which flows into the lake just west of Port Rowan ia
called Dedrick's creek* Over it Mr. Dedriek built a rude but substan-
tial bridge, the earliest engineering structure in the county.
One of his daughters, Hannah, was married to John Backhouse, a
mi^of the Norfolk militia. She received in 1815 a grant of SOO
acres near her father's home in Walsingham.
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** Wolfe's cove," near TruKEV point.
liunk nlM)iit 150 frot liigh. Turkey Point scon faintly in tlu* <list4in<i>.
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CHAPTER XXVII.
MABY (MABEE).
Frederick Mabt was a native of Massachuaetts. He appears to
have not taken a very active part throughout the whole of the Revolu-
ble evidence that he had joined the
For it is so mentioned in the official
eserved in the Crown Lands' depart-
ther states in the stringency of the
supra Chap. V.) Immediately after
of the triumphant insurgents being
pvemment for those that remained
Sure of immunity the Americans
9 with the utmost severity. Frederick
chusetts and was accounted a wealthy
sh in flocks and herds. But night
^ere inflicted on the unofiending ani-
night sixteen of his cows had their
sinews and tendons of the hind legs
r animals had to be shot. Ears were
slit, nostrils split open, and other most dastardly outrages inflicted
without the condemnation of the Legislature. Nothing remained but
voluntary exile to Canada.
Accordingly, in 1786, the Maby family fled to New Brunswick,
settling at St. John along with a cousin, named Peter Seoord. At their
home in that province they were occasionally visited by an English
trapper, Ramsay by name, and, as it was in the tale of one of his adven-
tures the Mabys first heard «of the Long Point district, it may be worth
while to relate it.
This trapper was accustomed to make yearly visits up the lakes for
the purpose of trading with the Indians. On one of these trips he took
lus little nephew with him, a boy at that time about 10 years of age.
During his voyage along the northern shore of Lake Erie with his
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72 UNITED EMPIRS LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
canoe richly laden with gaudy prints, and the trinkets so dear to the
hearts of the dusky natives, and also with a considerably quantity of
liquor, he came to Long Point and landed for the night There they
fell in with nine Indians, whose eagle eyes took an inventory of the
contents of the canoe, and in one of those treacherous outbursts of over-
whelming covetousness, seiised his boat and merchandise. It was not
long before they got drunk on his fire-water and resolved to bum him
at the stake and hold a war dance round the flaming body of the unfor-
tunate white man. However, the potent liquor proved rather too much
for ihe Indians, and when they found themselves able to stand on their
feet only witii difficulty, they resolved to leave ihe prisoner alive till
morning. So they bound the Englishman, his back to a tree and his
hands tied around it by thongs of buckskin, and in the most blissful
unconsciousness of what was in store for tiiem, eight lay down to sleep,
leaving <me of their number as guard. This one relieved his loneliness
by copious draughts from the bountiful supply of good liquor so fortu-
nately provided.
Unfc«iunately for tiiem, ihey had neglected to tie the boy, who was
hiding timidly amcmg the trees on the outskirts of the camp. Ramsay
watched his diance, and calling the boy, asked him to steal a knife and
cut the thongs which bound his hands. The boy did so, and forthwith
Ramsay seized the knife, and making a dash at ihe already tottering
guard, struck him to the heart Then seizing a musket he proceeded
to brain the whole party, an easy task, for the Indians had long since
passed the stage of consciousness. The tables being thus successfully
turned the Englishman and his nephew reloaded their canoe and pro-
ceeded on their journey.
This tragic tale, whether it is to be credited or not, is at least
believed by the descendants of ihe Maby family now living, who say
that it has been handed down from generaticm to generation in their
family as a true adventure of their friend, in the locality where their
family afterwards settled.
Let us come back, however, to something which may well be
r^arded as more authentic by the sceptical minds of tiiiis sceptical age.
On one of his subsequent trips up the great lakes, Ramsay was
accompanied by Peter Secord. Together they visited Turkey Point
and explored ihe country inland for some distance. Seccnrd was very
much delighted witii the land, and on returning to New Brunswick
persuaded his cousins to move west The long journey was accom-
plished in 179S, and they settled in the township of Charlotteville, cm
the high land overlooking Turkey Point
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SECORD. 73
Mr. Maby, however, died within a year of his cominj; to his new
home, and was buried on the top of the high ridge which skirts the
lake. In 1795, when Lientenant-Qovemor Simcoe visited the Long
Point district he was shown this grave, the grave of the first white man
who had died in the district, and the Governor knelt with reverence by
the rudely-shaped mound.
The wife of Frederick Maby was named Lavinia. In 1796 she
applied for a further grant of land in her own name. On the 20th of
June of the year mentioned, a list of applicants for lands in the town-
ships of Walsingham, Charlotteville, Woodhouse, and Long Point set-
tlement generally, was filed in the office of acting Surveyor-General
Smith. The names of some of the applicants are well known, Ryerse,
Maby, Backhouse, Secord and othera In the case of Mra Maby, a
widow, about whose patent there was some delay in the department.
Governor Simcoe was very peremptory in his order that she, being the
widow of a Loyalist, must have her application promptly attended to.
The family of Maby are connected witii the Teeple, Stone, Secord,
Smith, Layman and Montross families. Their descendants live at pres-
ent in Charlotteville and Walsingham. .
CHAPTER XXVIIL
SECORD.
As is mentioned in the previous chapter, Peter Secord paid a visit
to the Long Point country before it was settled, and on returning to
New Brunswick induced his cousin, Frederick Maby, to move thither.
The Maby party consisted of Frederick Maby, his wife and seven
children, with the husbands of two of the daughters, Peter Teeple and
John Stone, and also Peter Secord. They all settled in Charlotteville.
Another Secord family which settled in Norfolk, was that of Silas
Secord, who had been a sergeant in Butler's Rangers, and had settled,
in 1786, with his wife and one child, in the Niagara District He was
subsequently given an allotment in Walsingham. One of his daughters
was married to Joseph Andrews, of the same place.
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'irnxD EHnsx lotaust 9kttlmmest at ldkg point.
CHAPTER XXIX.
TEEPLK.
Sebgeaxt Petke Txetle was one of the emrliest settlers in Nor-
folk CoootT, oofnnng witii his bkihtr^in-law, Frederick Maby, in 1793.
He meuled od lot eight of the broken froot line <rf QiariotteTille. Sab-
seqoefLtlv three o< his aaom received lutd in Oxfocd County, whither he
also removt;-! a few yean later.
• William Teeple, laboro-, son erf Peter Te^, a U. R Loyalist, two
hundred acres. Oxfonl in Oxf<xxi Coonty, 14th January, 1812.
" Edward Teeple. two hundred acres, Oxford, in Oxf(»d County, 6th
Janoary, 1815.
" Pellum C^ Teeple, two hundred acres, Oxford, in Oxford County, 8th
December. 1832.
*• Luke Teeple. two hundred acres in Charlotteville, Norfolk County,
20th May. 1817.- •
Sergeant Teeple was quite a prominent man in Norfolk. He was
one of the first justices of the peace, and one ot the three appointed to
administer oaths to municipal officers. He was also a prominent mem-
ber of the first Baptist Church in Norfolk, and one of the origrinal
trustees of that body.
During the war of 1812, Luke Teeple. the Sergeant's youngest son,
while visiting his friends in New Jeney, was arrested by the Ameri-
cans, and kept as a prisoner for over two years. On being freed he
immediately returned to his home in Norfolk County.
*The entriM are fiom the Dodcet books of gnmts of land to United Empire
LoyalisU and military claimants, presenred in the Crown Ijuids Department, Toronto.
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CHAPTER XXX.
SMITH.
Ik New Jersey four Acts were passed by the Legislature dealing with
the Loyalists of that State. The first provided for the ponishment of
traitors and disaffected persons ; another provided for the taking chaige
of and leasing the real estates, and for the confiscation of the personal
estates of certain fugitives and offenders therein named ; a third for
forfeiting to and vesting in the state the real property of persons
designated in the second statute ; while a fourth more rigorously defined
and enunciated the principles of the first By it certain offenders who
had contributed provisions and other specified articles to the king's ser-
vice were given sixty days to leave the state, after which time, if they
still remained, they were to be adjudged guilty of felony and to suffer
death.
Abraham Smith had been a soldier in the New Jersey volunteers
and had taken a rather prominent part in the Revolutionary War. It
seems that he did not realize the seriousness of this statute, for the
sixty days had passed and he had not conformed to the regulations.
Promptly at the expiration of the allotted time, there appeared at the
house a sergeant and a few troopers with a warrant for the arrest of
the head of the family. But Mr. Smith had seen them coming and had
had time to conceal himself. His wife met the soldiers at the door and
coolly told them that her husband had gone that morning to Summer-
ville, to make arrangements for transporting their goods to Canada,
and she did not expect him back before the evening of the following
day. She also volunteered the information that they were about ready
to leave, and pointed to sundry large wooden boxes, in which they in-
tended to transport the goods they were taking with them. " You and
your family may go,'* replied the sergeant, " but your husband will
have to stay and stand his trial" So they left, with the intention of
returning the following evening for their man. During their absence
preparations were hurriedly made, Mr. Smith was put into a large box^
and with him some pro\4sions and a couple of jars of milk. Then the
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76 rXITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
box with its precious freight was duly lifted with a eouple of others on
to the first load, and one of the hired men drove the team straight for
the northern boundaries of the state. They travelled all that night
and part of the succeeding day as rapidly as possible. When they had
crossed the borders of the state whose regulatiims Smith had violated,
they proceeded more leisurely, though by no means without danger.
The returning soldiers were calmly met by the inf (Hmation that Mr.
Smith had not returned, and they h€ul better take the road for Sum-
merville and look for him there. By the time the sergeant realized
that he had been duped, Smith had crossed the borders of Maine into
New Brunswick, whither his brave wife and family followed soon after.
After remaining a short time in New Brunswick they removed to
Western Canada, settling first in the eastern part of what is now Wel-
land County. Their eldest son, William, came still farther west, and
lived among the Indians near Long Point. His father, mother, brothers
and sisters removed to Charlotteville about 1794, and ''squatted" cm
land about the centre of that township. This particular porti<m was
secured to them along with other lots by patents issued about three
years later, by Hon. Peter Russell, acting Lieutenant-Governor of
Upper Canada.
Another Smith family (Loyalists) settled in Norfolk County some
years later, namely. Hart Smith, also of the New Jersey volunteers.
From New Brunswick he came west to the township of Crowland, in
Lincoln County, and thence to Windham, in 1811.
The Crown Lands' records show the following grants of land to his
family :
" Catherine Doan, wife of John Doan, and daughter of Hart Smith,
28th May, 1811, two hundred acres in Charlotteville.
" Eliza, daughter of Hart Smith, 8th April, 1812, two hundred acres in
Windham.
"Aaron, son of Hart Smith, 8th April, 1812, two hundred acres in
Windham."
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CHAPTER XXXI.
McMICHAEL.
The McMiehael family are from Ayrshire, in Scotland. Elarly in
the eighteenth century they emigrated to America, one branch of the
family settling in New Jersey and another in Pennsylvania. When
the war broke out Iklward McMichael was a prosperous merchant in
Philadelphia. Of him, Colonel Sabine has the following note (Vol. II.,
p. 72): "Edward McMichael, of Pennsylvania, was lieutenant in the
Whig army while stationed at Fort Schuyler, but in August, 1776, he
deserted to the enemy.**
He was given a captain's commission in the " Guides and Pioneers "
of the British army, and at the battle of Trenton was wounded in the
face and deprived of the sight of one eye. Later he was with the
nnfortonate Comwallis at Torktown. After the war he was attainted
of treason and his property confiscated, for the Legislature of Pennsyl-
vania designated sixty-two persons who were required to surrender
themselves to some judge of the court or justice of the peace within a
specified time, and abide trial for treason, or in default thereof to
stand attainted. McMichael was very far from pursuing the suicidal
policy of staying in the " burning fiery fiumace " if he could get safely
away, and at the expiration of the days of grace he was settling his
family on the western bank of the Niagara River. Consequently his
property in his native state was confiscated, for, by a subsequent Act,
the estates of thirty-six persons who had been previously attainted,
were declared to be confiscated. Among this list also appears the name
of McMichael.
In the Niagara district the McMichael family remained till 1794,
when they removed farther west and settled in Walsingham, on the
lake front The Captain lived but six years in his new home. In
1800 he passed away, leaving to his widow the stupendous task of
bringing up her ten children amid the hardships of a wilderness home.
But bravely Mrs. McMichael applied herself to the best interests of her
family, and the high characters of her children show that in them the
mother's work was blessed.
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78 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTER XXXII.
AUSTIN.
Solomon Austin was originally from North Carolina. He was a
private in the Queen's Rangers, and served all through the Revolution-
ary war. On one occasion, at least, he exhibited conspicuous bravery.
This was at the battle of the Horseshoe. The standard-bearer was killed
and the flag fell to the ground and was in danger of being lost Solomon
Austin leaped forward, and grasping the standard bore it bravely till
the close of the action. After the battle Major-General Simooe inquired
his name, praised him in public before the marshalled company, and gave
him to understand that if he could ever be of service to him after-
wards his bravery would not be forgotten.
After the war North Carolina passed a Confiscation Act, which
embraced sixty-five specified individuals, the terms applied not only to
the lands of these persons, but their negroes and other personal
property as well. Some of these continued to live in their native
state, although the majority immediately proceeded to Canada.
Solomon Austin, however, remained in Carolina* till 1794, but in that
year determined to remove his family to Upper Canadfli, where General
Simcoe, his old friend, was Governor. In June, 1794, he appeared at
Newark with his wife and family of nine children (four sons and five
daughters). He met with a very flattering reception, the Governor
offering him a home in his own house until he should make a selection
of land. He was also offered six hundred acres in any unselected part
of the province. The Governor directed him to inspect the country and
choose for himself. Accordingly he made a trip through the western dis-
trict on foot with his eldest son, going as far as Detroit Finally he chose
a home on Patterson's Creek, now called the River Lynn, about three
miles south-east of Simcoe, in the County of Norfolk. This proved
to be a very pleasant and fertile district. It is now known as Lynn
Valley.
To this spot he removed with his family in the early spring of
1795, and by the end of the summer had a log-cabin erected and
almost an acre of land cleared and fall wheat planted.
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AUSTIN. 79
In the war of 1812, true to their prineiples of loyalty, the father
and four sons shouldered their muskets and marched under Broek to
fight the hated ''Yankees'* ones more. Tliey fonght at Malcolm's
Mills (Oakland), Maiden, and Londy's Lane. In the N<urfolk militia
two of the sons soon obtained the rank of ciq[>tain. The descendants
of this family are tiie most numerous of any of the families of the
settlement
S(domon, the eldest son, married Miss Sarah Slaght, and became
the fatiier of ten children. Two of their sons were the proprietors of
the largest carriage works in the coimty, and continued their business
for over twenty-five years. Another son is a Baptist minister.
Jonathan, the second son, married Miss Hannah Potts, and had
seven children. He and his son John built Austin's mills in the Lynn
VaUey.
Philip, the third son, married Mary Slaght, a sister of his eldest
brotiier's wife, and had a family of sixteen children.
Moses, the youngest son, married Mary Wisner, of Townsend, and
had seven children.
Of the daughters, Mary, the eldest, married Henry Walker, who is
said to have been the second white child bom in Norfolk County.
Amy married a man named Styles, and had fifteen children.
Esther married Raymond Potts, a U. K Loyalist.
Elizabeth married John Pegg, who had accompanied the party from
Carolina.
Anna married David Marr, and had nine children.
The last one of the original family to die was Philip (October 17th,
1876), in his 87th year, having lived to a greater age than any of his
broUiers or sisters.
For many years previous to Philip's death an annual gathering of
children and connections was held at the old homestead on the anniver-
sary of his birthday. On the last gathering kia direct descendants
numbered 137, while the direct descendants of the original founder,
Solomon, numbered 734.
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80 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTER XXXIII.
WELCH.
The Welch family is one of the most distinguished who settled in
Norfolk County. The original home of the family was in Wales, from
which country one branch moved in early times to Ireland, and sub-
sequently (1740) one member of the family (Francis) left Tyrone
County and emigrated to America. Francis Welch settled first in
Philadelphia, but soon gave up his quiet life in the city for a roving
one on the sea, and during the Seven Tears' War placed his vessel at the
service of Britain.
His eldest son was the Thomas Welch who settled in Long Point
This Thomas Welch had settled in Maryland, where he followed the
profession of survejring. On the outbreak of ihe war of the Revolu-
tion he joined the King's troops, and was appointed quartermaster in
one of the contingents of the Maryland Loyalists. At the close of the
war he was appointed to survey lands for the Loyalists in New
Brunswick. There he remained till 1794, when he removed to the
Long Point settlement. In 1796 he succeeded Mr.* Hamlin, and finished
the survey of Charlotteville.
The family name is properly spelled Welch, but towards the close
of the century it began to be written Walsh, and has continued so to
the present. The name is perpetuated in " Walsh," a smaU village of
Charlotteville.
Thomas Walsh (as we shall now spell the name) was appointed, in
1796, Registrar for Norfolk County. On the organization of Lond<m
District in 1798 he was further appointed Begistrar of the Surrogate
Court, and Deputy Secretary for the issue of land patents for the
district. Twelve years after he became Judge of the District and Surro-
gate courts, and in this same year his son, Francis L. Walsh, was given
the Registry office.
In the journals of the old court, now in the Registry office at Simcoe,
there is the following curious item : '' Francis L. Wabh, small gent,
fined two shillings for swearing volubly at Henry Slaght's two sona"
This Francis Walsh had assisted his father in the Registry office.
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CULVER. 81
from the year 1808. He has the record for the longest term of govern-
ment service in Canada, and, in the belief of ihe writer, the longest in
the British Dominions, for he held the position till his death in 1884.
The family have had considerable paiiiamentary honora For two
terms (1821-1828, and in 1835-1836) Mr. Francis Walsh occupied a
seat in the Provincial Parliament. His son, Aqnilla, represented the
North Riding of Norfolk in the Dominion House, 1861-1872.
There is no man more highly spoken of than the old Registrar. He
had always a kind smile and an encouraging word for everybody. In
the early days of the settlement he used to advise the strangers who
came to settle as to what he considered the best lands yet untakdn, and
often protected the unwary from the wiles of the "land shark."
He remained till his death a faithful government official, devoted to the
duties of his office, and to works of kindness and charity among the
people he had seen grow up before his eyes. At one time he was
presented with an oil portrait of himself and a costly silver set, as a
token of esteem and good- will, from the inhabitants of Norfolk County,
many of whom had been ihe recipients of his kindnesa Long was his
life on the earth and great was the good he did therein. Truly,
according to the dictum of Solon, he might call his life happy, for he
had " reached the end of days ripe in years and wisdom, and Uie gods
had given him favor in the eyes of his fellows."
CHAPTER XXXIV.
CULVER.
Of this family name there were two distinct and yet strangely
united families, the families of two cousins, Jabez and Timotiiy. BefcMre
the war of the Revolution tiiey lived in New Jersey, and the families
were very intimate. Four of the daughters of Timothy Culver did
not require to change their name when they married, for their husbands
were the four sons of Jabez. The names of the daughters were Anna,
Elizabeth, Marian and Martha ; and the sons, Jabez, Aaron, John and
(Hbrid. Tliat was «irely a strong family combination.
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82 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
The first Culver family to settle in Norfolk was that of Jabes
Culver. They left New Jersey in 1793, and made the journey on foot,
arriving in ihe township of Townsend in March of the next year.
Tliey are thus one of the earliest pioneer families. Rev. Jabez Culver
was an ordained Presbyterian minister when he came to Norfolk, and
by 1806 he had the Presbyterian church of the new settlement fully
organized, though the services had to be held at his own house for
many years. The old gentleman settled in Windham, but hb sons in
Townsend.
Jabez Culver did not take any active part against the Americans in
their struggle for independence, but Timothy Culver was in r^ular
service. However, he seems to have been unmolested after the war,
for he did not flee to Canada, but remained in New Jersey till 1796.
In 1795 Mr. and Mrs. Timothy Culver walked all the way from
New Jersey to visit their daughters and sons-in-law in Norfolk County.
They were so pleased with the new district that they determined to
move there themselves, and this they did in the early spring of 1796.
The U. K Loyalist records show the following grants of land to
the four daughters of Timothy Culver, all under date of the Order-in-
Council, 14th November. 1799 :
" Elizabeth, wife of Aaron Culver, two hundred acres in Townsend.
"Marian, " John
"Anna " Jabez
"Martha " Gabriel " " " . " Walsingham."
In 1795 Governor Simcoe, during his visit to Turkey Point, granted
to Aaron Culver water privileges on Patterson's Creek, and a mill was
built there within the limits of the present town of Simcoe. This mill
was enlarged a few years later and became one of the most important
in the Long Point district When the war of 1812-14 broke out, it
was owned in partnership by Aaron Culver and K Woodruff During
" McArthur's raid " of November, 1814, it shared the fate of four other
flouring mills, and was totally destroyed. In the report of the Loyal
and Patriotic Society of that year the loss of Mr. Culver and Mr.
Woodruff is mentioned to be £1,751 58.
As McArthur's Raid will be mentioned in more than one chapter, it
may be interesting to devote a few lines to a connected statement of its
course.
General McArthur had about 1,500 troops when he invaded the pro-
vince from Detroit. He had proceeded as far as the Grand River
when, fearing troops from the east, he turned southward and took up
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SAMUEL BTEBSE. 83
a position at Malcolm's Mills, now known by the name of Oakland.
The Norfolk militia, commanded by Major Salmon, marched out to
attack them. The forces met on the banks of the river which flows
through Oakland. Before the engagement the wily American sent a
detachment unnoticed down the river ; hence the British troops were
attacked both front and rear and quickly routed. The battle is sadly
spoken of to-day by ihe old settlers as the " foot race.**
The victorious army of McArthur then marched to Waterford,
burning the mills there — Avery's and Sovereign'^ A detachment also
came through Simcoe ravaging and plundering. Thence the ravagers
marched to Lyndock, and the whole force being reunited, retreated by
the Bostwick Road to Talbot Street, and along that highway to Detroit.*
The members of the various branches of the Culver families have
aJways taken an important part in the affiurs of the townships in
which they reside.
CHAPTER XXXV.
SAMUEL RYERSR
Of this family there were two brothers, Samuel, the elder, and
Joseph. They were descendants of an old Dutch family, and their
ancestors had held judicial appointments under Kings Gtoorge II. and
UL At the opening of the Revolutionary War, Samuel Ryerse enlisted
a company of over a hundred men for the service of the king, and was
appointed captain thereof, his company being designated as the Fourth
Battalion New Jersey Volunteera
The original spelling of the name is Ryerson, but on making out
his commission a mistake of spelling was made, and the form Ryerse
continued through sundry despatches, commissions and patents, and
was finally retained by this branch of the family.
After the war the Legislature of New Jersey having confiscated his
* For a fall aooonnt the reader is r«ienred to the official despatch of Brigadier-General
McArthur to the Secretary of War, 18th NoTember, 1814, publiihed in ** Documentary
Histoiy of Canada, 1812.14," edited by Ool<Hiel CruiokBhank. (PMi IL, pp. 908-312. )
6
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84 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
property, he, in company with others, moved to New Brunswick and
was ^ven a grant of land near Fredericton, being assigned three
thousand acres of the new survey.
In 1794 he took his family (for he had been married in New
Brunswick and had four children) back to Long Island, New T<Hrk»
in the hope of being able to settle there, but he soon found that
the bitter hatred of the Americans for the Loyalists had not died
away in the slightest, and so determined to come back to
Canada. Before removing his family Captain Ryerse and a £riend
came to this part of the country on a prospecting tour. At Niagara
he was welcomed by Lieutenant-Governor Simcoe, who promised him
a liberal grant of land, amounting in all, with that given to the
members of the family on coming of age, to over eight thousand acrea.
Late in that fall he returned to New York and made preparations
to move his family the following spring. At the opening of navigation
they started in a sloop up the Hudson in company with the family of
Captain Bouta, and from Albany portaged across to Schenectady, where
they procured one of the Schenectady boats, which have been described
in a previous chapter.
In this flat-bottomed boat they made their way against the current
up the Mohawk, and thence up Wood Creek Between the head of
navigation on Wood Creek and the Oswego river, which flows into
Lake Ontario, is a portage of ten miles, over which their boat had to
be drawn by hand on a kind of a rude waggon, the wheels being
simply slices of a round beech tree.
They skirted the southern shore of Lake Ontario to Niagara, then
up the Niagara to Queenston^ from which place they had a long and
wearisome portage of nine miles, till Chippawa was reached From
that place all was smooth sailing to the Long Point district, which they
had chosea The long journey was completed on the last day of June,
1795. The spot selected by Captain Ryerse was the land surrounding a
creek, towards which the forest-covered ^unres sloped gently down«
This was called Ryerse Creek, and the little settlement which grew up
at its mouth, Port Ryerse.
Before the fall a comfortable log-house was erected with the help of
the settlers already there, a more pretentious building than was common,
for it contained a parlor, two bedrooms, a kitchen and a garret. As
there were valuable water facilities on his land, one condition of his
patent right was that he erect both a saw mill and a grist milL In
1797 the former was built and the latter the following year. This
milling enterprise (the flour mill) was almost the ruin of Captain Ryerse,
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SAMUSL RTIRSS. 85
for he did not undersfeand flour milling, and for some yeara no
one arrived in the settlement that could properly manafje his milL In
addition, the cost of repair was heavy, as much of the supplies and
machinery necessary could only be procured for cash, which was exceed-
ingly scarce in the Ryerse family at that time, for he had to sell part
of his land at a dollar an acre to as«st in building ii The dam broke,
the machinery got out of order, bolting cloths and other supplies were
continually needed, and it was certainly a financial loss for many years.
The toll was only one bushel in twelve^ and the settlers had not much
wheat to grind, what they raised being intended solely for their own
consumption. During the summer season the mill was absolutely idle.
However, ^cperientia docet, and in any case it was a very great benefit
to the little settlement, for no other mill at that time existed nearer
than at Niagara Falls, a hundred miles away.
The saw-mill, on the contrary, brought in better returns. The
machinery was simpler and less apt to get out of order, and it did not
require skilled operators. Sawn lumbeor was a staple article of trade,
and the toll was half the lumber sawn. The lumber found a ready
sale, not so much for cash, as for whatever the settlers had to barter.
Consequently, the saw-mill was remunerative, but the flour-mill a
heavy loss.
In 1800 Capt Ryerse was appointed his Migesty's CJommiasioner of
the Peace for the District of London. He was first Chairman of the
courts of Quarter Sessions^ and Judge of the District and Surrogate
court&
The duties of magistrates in those days were not simply judicial
They had to solenmize marriages, register births, bury the dead, pre-
scribe for the sick, and read the Church service on Sundaya They were
the judges, lawyers, doctors, ministers, and even ihe dentists of tibe com-
munity. Virtual paragons they must have been to have attended to
the various wants of all ranks and conditions of men.
About the beginning of the century the militia of the district was
oiganized, and Mr. Ryerse was appointed lieutenant-Colonel of
Militia. The regiment used to meet annually on the 4th June, the
King's Birthday, for training. It was a motley company, the majority
being big slouching, round-shouldered young men, armed with cid
flint-lock muskets. These could be easily distinguished from the few
spruce, upright and military-looking soldiers who had served a quarter
of a century before in the war of American Independence.
In 1804, the log-house mentioned was bumcMl, having caught fire
from the rudely constructed chimney, and all the Ixx^ and keepsakes.
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86 UNITED EMPIBE LOYALIST SETTLIHXNT AT LONG POINT.
artiel60 of plate and brio-a-brac, brought from New York and prized
beyond all price, were burned. For some time thereafter the family
lived in the house of the miller who managed ihe grist mill for Mr.
Byeise.
The later years of Mr. Byerse's life were spent in the weakness of
failing health. That dread disease consumption had laid its icy
fillers on a constitution never too strong. In 1810 he was compelled
to resign the military and political offices he held, and in June, 1812,
passed away at the age of sixty. He was buried in the little plot of
ground on which was afterwards erected a church (as he had designed)
to mark his resting-place.
The mills and property of Mr. Ryerse were destroyed in the war of
181S. On the 14th of May, 1814, an American force crossed Lake Erie,
and, after plundering and burning the town of Dover, marched along
the Lake Shore to Port Ryerse. When it appeared there Mr&
Ryerse entreated the officer in command to spare her property, for she
was a widow and defenceless. But she only succeeded in saving her
house. The mills and all other buildings were remorselessly given to
the flamea The excuse argued was that ihe buildings had been used
as a barracks and the mills had furnished flour to British troops. The
militia of the district, under Colonel Talbot, was near Brantf ord at the
time, and in his unfortunate absence Uie labors of the late Captain
Byerse were destroyed.*
* Vide n^ Chapter XLL
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87
CHAPTER XXXVI.
McCALL.
The McCalls were of a Scottish clan from Argyleshire. Donald
McCall came to America in the year 1756 with the re^lar British
troops who were sent over against the French at the beginning of the
Seven Tears' War. He was a private in Montgomery's Highlanders,
and took part in the capture of Louisborg in 1758, and served alto
nnder Wolfe at the battle of the Plains of Abraham and the taking
of Qnebec. With a detachment of his regiment he was afterwards sent
up the lakes. From the Niagara River the party came along the north
flhore of Lake Erie in batteaux, and when near Turkey Point had an
encounter with a party of French and Indiana Their enemies fired at
them from the shelter of the woods, • but the plucky Highlanders
promptly ran their boats ashore, defeated and chased them inland as
far as where the village of Waterford now stands. On their way
back they encamped for the night on what is now lot 18 of the 4th
concession of the township of CharlotteviUe, near the present resi-
dence of Simpson MeCall. In the morning the soldiers improvised
some fishing tackle, and in a short time had caught out of Young's
Creek all the speckled trout the party could eat
In 1763, after the treaty of Paris, being discharged on the breaking
up of his regiment, he settled in the State of New Jersey, where he
lived till the breaking out of the Revolutionary War. He immediately
joined the King's Regiment, and did not retire from military life till
after the surrender of Yorktown.
When he returned to his New Jersey home he soon found that he
was regarded as an alien and shunned by his neighbors. Not caring
to remain, in 1783 he made his way to New Brunswick and settled on
a small allotment there.
In 1796 a party from New Brunswick, led by Donald McCall, came
west to the Long Point settlement. He was selected as the leader
because he had previously visited the country. Among the party were
the loyalists Lieut. Jas. Munro and Peter Fairchild. They landed at
the mouth of Big Creek on July 1st, 1796, and took up land in
various localities.
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The old leader, remembering his adventures with the French and
Indians, and the episode of the speckled trout fishing alluded to above,
made his way inland to the identical spot where the camp fires of his
Highland regiment had been lighted forty years before.
His family consisted at that time of five sons and three daughters
— John, Duncan, Daniel, James and Hugh, and Catherine, Elizabeth
and Mary. Duncan, being already married, settled near his father, on
Lot 23 of the 5th concession. On the S6th July, 1796, a son was bom
to him, the first white child bom in the county of Norfolk. This child
(Daniel) served afterwards in the War of 1812, taking part in the
Battle of Lundy's Lane and in a skirmish at Malcolm's Hollow (Oak-
land), where the British were outnumbered and driven back by General
McArthur. Until his death he received the pension voted by Parlia-
ment to the veterans of 1812. Duncan McCall, his Either, was elected
to the Upper Canada Parliament, and remained a member till his death
in 1838.
In this connection mention must be made of Simpson McOall, also
a grandson of the original founder. This gentleman now resides on
the lot which his grandfather chose. His father, James McCall, was a
lieutenant during the War of 1812. Mr. Simpson McCall was bom in
1807 and died in 1898, at the ripe old age of ninety-one. He had
also the singular honor of attending for some time the District School
of Dr. Egerton Ryerson, late Superintendent of Education of Ontario.
For thirty-four years he was Postmaster at Vittoria (1884-68), and
in connection therewith had a general store, f'or four years he was
Warden of the County, and has been a justice of the peace since
1845. He was elected a member of Parliament in 1867, and held the
position for two terms. He was an Independent in politics, though he
inclined to the support of the Conservative party.
In the respect and veneration of the whole community, Mr. McCall
in his old age received his reward for the sterling honesty which
was the predominant feature of his whole life, and the unflinching
justice and impartiality which were his most notable traits of character.
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CHAPTER XXXVII.
MUNRO.
le of the chief members of the McCall
pa] Qt in 1796. He settled in the township
of est of the village of Vittoria.
e means, he built the best house which
ha bime. It stands to-day, a disused relic,
ah e road running straight west from Vit-
toi d house of considerable size. The frame
of ^rong that it seems even yet able to defy
th< The bents are four feet apart, strength-
ens d tendoned — a marvel of axeman's skill.
id sheeting were cut out by the " whip "
sai n many a bee to accomplish the tremen-
do lumber for so large a dwelling. The
flo « almost worn through with the wear
of iry.
t it is the original roof which is on the
bu The shingles are of cedar, rudely whittled
by 1 places an original thickness of over an
inch.
In the main room is the immense fire-place, built of rude stone,
occupying in itself almost space enough for a modem sleeping chamber,
in which many a back log of oak or walnut five feet long and two feet
through, roared and hissed and sputtered in the early years of the
century.
This building is notable for another reason, namely, because it was
used as the court-house of the district for two years, 1800-1802, for it
was not until the latter date that the court was removed to Turkey
Point This was the only building in all London District that was
capable of accommodating the court.
The first court was organized in April, 1800, the first commission of
magistrates being as follows: Peter Teeple, John Beemer, William
Spurgin, Wynant Williams, and Captain Samuel Ryerse ; to which two
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90 UNITED EMPIRE LOVALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
others were afterwards added, Captaiii William Hatchison and Major
John Backhouse. Colonel Joseph Ryerson was the first sheriff and
Thomas Welch the first clerk of the court. The old journal of the court,
containing the minutes of the meetings between the years 1800-1812,
was found some time ago in a heap of rubbish. It is preserved to-day
in the Norfolk archives in Simcoe.
A temporary jail was erected near the house, a log building, 14 x 25
feet, divided into two rooms, one for debtors and the other for those
charged with criminal offencea Lieutenant Munroe was to act as
jailer, his stipend being SlOO per annum. It was agreed that as soon
as a permanent court-house and jail were erected elsewhere, that Mr.
Munroe should buy back this building at a fair and just price. This
building was erected during the winter of 1800, by day labor, and was
used for nearly a year, until the courts were removed to Turkey Point
Lieutenant Munro was a son-in-law of Donald McCSall, having
married Catherine, the eldest daughter, before coming to Long Point
His family consisted of two sons, Robert and Daniel, and one daughter,
Mary.
The U. E. Loyalist records show the following grants of land to his
daughters :
*' Amelia Sophia Munro, spinster, two hundred acres in Walsingham,
23rd December, 1815.
'' Charlotte Dustin, wife of Paul Dustin, two hundred acres in Walsing-
ham, 23rd December, 1815.
" Harriet Ann Gillaspy, wife of William Gillaspy, two hundred acres
in Walsingham, 23rd Decembar, 1815.
" Mary Green, wife of Jeremiah Green, two hundred acres in Towns-
end, 23rd December, 1815."
Among the descendants of Lieutenant Munro was J. H. Munro,
Esq., member of Parliament at Confederation, who remained in the
House of Commons till 1872. His brother, Malcolm Munro, was a
member of the Local Legislature for about the same time.
The Munro family are connected with the Wood, Smith, Jewell,
Smalley, Wilson and Tisdale families of Norfolk County.
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CHAPTER XXXVIIL
HAZEN.
One of the most distmgaished Loyalists who settled at Lonji^ Point
was SergL Daniel Haien. The grand ancestor of the American Haiens
was Edward Haien, who emigrated to Massachusetts in 1648 from
Northamptonshire, England. In the year following, his wife died and
was boned at Rowley, a small village in that state. In 1650 he was
married to Hannah Grant, and their eldest son was Thomas, bom in
1657.
The town records of Rowley, Massachusetts, prove that Edward
Haien was a man of substance and influence in his day. He was
appointed Overseer or Select-man in 1650, '51,^54, '60, '65, and '69, and
Judge of Delinquents in 1666. On his death, in 1683, his estate was
inventoried at £404 7a. 6c2. a considerable sum in those days.
The writer will trace in the family hist(»ry that branch only in
which the Long Point Loyalists are interested.
John, the eldest son of Thomas Hazen, married Mercy Bradstreet,
the granddaufi^ter of Governor Bradstreet One of their sons was
Daniel, while his eldest son was the Daniel Hazen who afterwards
settled at Long Point Daniel, jun., was bom on the 10th of August,
1755. When he was twelve years old his father removed to New
Jersey, and the family became prominent in that State as formerly in
Maasachusetta
Daniel had just come of age when the Declaration of Independence
was signed. On the outbreak of hostilities, with all the ardor of a
native-bom Englishman, he joined the King's army, and so distinguished
himself that he was appointed sergeant in Barlowe's regiment of the
New Jersey Volunteers. On several occasions he was entrusted with
important commissions, which he so discharged as to bring him into
constantly increasing popularity with his superior officers, for he was a
man to be depended on, and though wary and cautious, as bold as a lion
in open fight
Until the outbreak of the war he had been employed in a surveyor's
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office, and had beoome rery skilful and accurate in thai profeflsion.
At the close of the war, with his young wife (Anna Ward), he
moved to New Brunswick, and was appointed by the Government to
survey lands along the St John's River, for the Loyalists who were
coining in crowds to that province. Sergeant Hazen received, among
the rest, a large grant of land on that river, and lived there for about
eight years ; but being filled with the desire to explore western Canada,
he left New Brunswick in 1792, and settled in the new Province of
Ontario, first in Brant and afterwards in Chippawa, in the Niagara
district.
During the summer of 1796 the Hon. Peter Russell, acting Lieuten-
ant-Governor of the Province, sent Sergeant Hazen and a Mr. Hamlin
to survey the townships of Charlotteville and Walsingham in Norfolk
County. Charlotteville was surveyed by Mr. Hamlin and his successor,
Mr. Welch, but Sergeant Hazen by himself completed the whole survey
of Walsingham.
In surveying land the first line run is called the base line. Then
others are drawn parallel to it. In Walsingham these are two and a
quarter miles apart with an allowance in each case of sixty-six feet
for a road. In this township there are three of these, the boundary
lines not being known as "base line&" The township is therefore
nine miles wide. At right angles to these were roads called the con-
cessions, and numbered 1, 2» 3, 4, etc. There are fourteen of these in
Walsingham, at a distance of five-sixths of a mile apart, the fourteenth
concession being one mile wide. There are, therefore, six allotments of
two hundred acres between the side lines, or twenty-four farms to each
concession, the size of the farms being five-sixths of a mile by one
hundred and twenty rods. The roads were simply marked. Many
were not opened out for years after the survey, and some, indeed,
are still ** blind roads."
Sergeant Hazen was very particular about having absolutely pure
water for the use of his family. During the survey he came to a lovely
little stream, where the water fell in rippling sparkles over the rocks,
like Horace's "/cma Bamdv^sia, epUruiidior vitro.** As he saw it, and
examined the land on either side, he exclaimed, " Here will I live, and
here will I be buried ! "
Accordingly he determined to remove from Chippawa, and in 1797
he received a large grant of land in Walsingham, the allotment that he
had chosen for himself. He had six sons and two daughters, who
received from the Government the following grants of land. The
entries are taken from the records of the Crown Lands Department :
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HAZBN. 93
" Daniel, jun., yeoman, eon of Daniel Haien, Order-in-Cooncil 19th
Denmber, 1806, two hundred acres in Woodhoow.
"Lydia, epinater, daughter of Daniel Haien, Order-in-Coancil 29th
July, 1806, two hundred acres in Walangham
"WUliam, yeoman, son of Daniel Hasen, Ordar-in-Conndl 5th
AugoBt, 1807, two hundred acres in Walsingham
" John, yeoman, son of Daniel Haaoi, Order-in-Conncil 13th October,
1812, two hundred in Walsingham.
" Bachael, spinster, daughter of Daniel Haien, Order-in-Coundl
13th October, 1812, two hundred acres in Walsingham. And also
** Anna Hasen, wife of Daniel Hazen, jun., and daughter of James
Matthews, a U. E. Loyalist, Order-in-Council 19th December, 1806, two
hundred acres m Woodhouae."
There were also the two youngest sons, Caleb and Elijah« Elijah
was the carrier of His Majesty's mail from Vittoria to Port Rowan,
for which he was allowed seventy-fiye cents per week. This gives one
an idea of tiie value and scarcity of money in the early times, eight
shillings York currency being the <miinary price of an acre of ground
Sergeant Hasen was a very large man, tall and powerfully built
He is described as a man of exceedingly good humor, with a kind word
ioc every one. He was a man of strong religious conviction, and a
pnmiinent member of the original Woodhouse Methodist Church,
oiganized by Daniel Freeman. He attended service every Sunday,
though it meant for him a walk of over twenty miles through the
woods. When the regular minister was absent, Sergeant Daniel would
officiate himself, and his words were always acceptable to tlie little
congregation.
The old Sergeant, on the outbreak of the war in 1812, promptly
took up arms in defence of Canada, and served for the three years.
F<»rtunately no accident happened him, and at its close he settled down
to peaceful life once more at his home in Walsingham, called " Hazen's
Comers."
In 1824 he was a candidate for election to the Provincial Parliment.
There were three days of open voting. Unfortunately, although
almost every vote in Walsingham was cast for him, the opposition in
the other parts of the county was too strong, and he was not elected.
Such was the life of the original surveyor of Walsingham as related
by his grandson, Jacob W. Hazen, of Tilsonburg, now in his sixty-sixth
year, an extremely interesting and entertaining host The writer was
shown several relics of his grandfather, notably the sword which did
duty in the Revolutionary War, the musket used in 1812, the epaulettes
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94 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
of his uniform, and the BiUe which wm eMTied eonsUoUy ttKoagii
the latter war, also many of his papers, sketches of places, and mmps
of survey& In many places the writing is indistingaishaUe. bat the
sketches show extreme neafaiess and care.
The Hasens may well be proud of their good old Loyalist \
CHAPTER XXXIX.
BOWLBY (BOULSBY).
During the war of the Revolution Thomas Bowlby became a YoknoBt-
teer in Captain Thomas's Company of the New Jersey Volonteera For
some years after the war, however, he remained in New Jersey. Dar-
ing the summer of 1797 he, his wife and young scm, witii their goods
in a waggtHx, made the long journey to Long Point and settled in
Woodhouse, on a grant of four hundred acres of land
Mr. Bowlby was a man of considerable influence in N(HrfoIk oonntgr,
and a prominent member of the Masonic order. In this connection the
following story is t<^d.
In November, 1814, General McArthur, during his famous raid, having
burned the mills at Simcoe, Oakland and Waterf<Hrd, was »w^»^^^ng
westward to Vittoria, where he intended to bum the Russell milL
However, the news that General McArthur was a Mason rapidly
spread over tiie country, and the people of Yittoria, to whom their mill
was of more value than a gold mine, urged Thomas Bowlby, the hesul
of the Masonic lodge of that place, to go to meet the General and beg
him to spare the mill. This he did, and with a white 'kerchief obl the
end of a stick he met the American cavalry at the top of the hill wbich
overlooks Yittoria, and urged McArthur to spare the mill, appealing to
him as a member of the Masonic order. To this the General ccmsent^
and though his troops murmured mightily at the " tender-heartedness "
of their General, he marched them straight through the town withoat
allowing one to leave the ranks. Truly the power of Masonic duty ^vas
as strong in those early days as in these.*
The writer is indebted to Mr. T. W. Dobbie, surveyw, of Tilsonborgr,
for this account of his maternal grandfather.
* Vide also Owen, '' Pioneer Sketches,'' pp. 351-352.
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CHAPTER XL.
FREEMAN.
Akotheb noted man in the history of this settlement was Daniel
Freeman. He had lived daring the war in New Jersey, remaining
loyal to England, though not taking part in actual hostilitiea
Always of a deeply religious nature he was created by the Methodist
Episcopal Church of the United States, first an exhorter, next a lioentiate,^
and finally a regularly appointed minister. It may be remarked that
he is credited witii having preached the first evangelical sermon ever
delivered in the city of Detroit
However, in the year 1798 he came to Long Point country, and
became the founder of the first Methodist society in this district.
The Government granted him lot 24 of the 4th concession of Char-
lotteville, and there he established his new home.
As soon as he was settled he set earnestly to work to organize clasa
meetings, which have always been the distinctive mark of the Methodist
Church.
His work prospered, The people of the little colony came willingly
to hear him, and in the third year of the century the settlers decided
that a regular meeting-house or chapel was necessary, and they imme-
diately proceeded to erect the first Methodist church in the county.
It was situated in Woodhouse township and is called the Woodhouse
Methodist Church. It was a log church, forty feet long and thirty-four
feet wide, and about fifteen high. The church was quickly completed,.
and never did the Methodist people of any part of the world worship
Qod in truer sincerity under gilded dome, than did the congregation
of half a hundred in that little log meeting-house in the centre of the
forest.
No doubt the silent grandeur of the lofty beech and maple, the oak
and walnut trees, with their branches spreading like the cedars of
Lebanon, the green sward stretching like folds of the richest velvet
among the trees, the blue sky and the singing birds, and all the beauties
of nature surrounding their little chapel would awaken in their
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minds feelings of veneration and reverence for the great Gkxl who has
measared the waters in the hollow of his hand, and meted out heaven
with a span, and comprehended the dost of tiie earth in a meastue, and
weighed the mountains in scales and the hills in a balance. The minds
of the earlier settlers, trained by habit to meditation in the forest^
naturally found this a fit place for contemplation and worship.
The second church was a frame building (1818) ; the third a hand-
some brick structure, which now stands cm the identical site of the
first church in the Long Point district
CHAPTER XLI.
FINCH.
T1TU8 Finch joined the Royal Standard shortly after the Declara-
tion of Independence, and continued in the service till the close of the
war. In 1784 he landed in Halifax with other Loyalists, and built a
home for himself about forty miles west of that city.
Mr. Finch was a very religious man, and feeling himself called to
the ministry, was ordained, and preached on the Sabbath to his friends
and neighbors in their new home.
In 1798 he removed to Long Point, obtaining from the Government
a grant of six hundred acres of land on the fourth concession of
Charlotteville. He and his son built a grist mill near Fort Ryerse.
This mill was burned on the 15th May, 1814, by Americans who came
across Lake Erie in six schoonera No sooner had they left, however,
than plans for a new mill were got ready, and in less than two months
everything was completed and in operation again. In the Qovemment
satisfaction for damages Mr. Finch received £265, or one-half the value
of the former mill*
* Despatch from Lieutenant-General Drammond to Sir George Prevost (** Docmnentaij
History of CaiufcdA," Part L, p. 16) :
«* KnronoK, May Slat, 1SI4.
** Sir,— I have the honor to transmit herewith for your Excellency's informatioQ the
deposition of Mr. Mathias Steele, of Woodhouse, who was on the spot at the time the
enemy landed there on the 14th inst., and which I feel satisfied is correct.
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TISDALB. 97
Following the example of the apostle Paul, who " worked at his
trade '* six days in the week, '* Elder '' Finch labored on the farm or in
the mill, and on the seventh he preached the Gospel In 1804 he
organized the first Baptist Church in London District, and remained as
its minister till his death, in 1821.
CHAPTER XLIL
TISDALE.
Thk Tisdales are one of the most noted families of Norfolk County.
They are the descendants of an old Welsh family of considerable promin-
ence in Britain in the seventeenth century. About 1700 a branch of
the family came to America, and settled in Freetown, Massachusetts.
For scHue time before the war Ephraim Tisdale was the owner and
captain of a vessel engaged in trade to the West Indies.
*' PeraooAlly appeared before me, the Hon. Richard Cartwright, one of Hit Majeetj's
Jnatioea aasigned to keep the peace in and for the said district, Mathiae Steele, of Wood-
hooee, gentleman, who, being doly awom on the Hoi j Evangelists, saith, * That on Satur-
day, the fourteenth of the present month, an American force, computed at ab6ut eight
hundred men, and consisting of regulars, militia and seamen, under the command of
Colonel Campbell, disembarked at the mouth of Patterson's creek from six schooners,
where they encamped for the night. That having met with no opposition, they, on the
folloi^ing morning, advanced and took possession of the Village of Dover, and having
plnndered the houses of all the inhabitants and carried off all their provisions, set fire to
the village and entirely destroyed it. They then proceeded to Ryerson*s mills, situated a
little farther up the lake, and set fire to them with several other buildings ; and pro-
ceeding still farther up the lake, destroyed another set of mills belonging to Mr. Finch.
He further depoeeth and saith, that to the best ci his knowledge and belief they destroyed
altogether twenty dwelling-hoQses, three flour mills, three saw mills, three distilleries,
twelve bams, and a number of other buildings. He further deposeth and saith, that they
shot all the cows and hogs that they could find, leaving them to rot on the ground. And
further, that on the said Colonel Campbell being asked the reason of this wanton and
barbarous conduct, where he had met with no opposition, he answered that it was done
in retaliation for the burning of Havro de Grace, Bufiblo and Lewiston, and further this
deponent saith not.' **
(Signed) «< MATHIA8 STEELE.
" Sworn before me at Kingston, this 81st day of May, 1S14.
"RICHARD CARTWRIGHT, J.P."
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When the colonies declared war against Britain, Captain Tisdale
placed his boat at the service of the king, and he was engaged to
distribute supplies at various points on the Atlantic coast Colonel
Sabine in his book on " Loyalists of the American Revolution " (Vol. U,
p. 357) has this interesting note : '* During the war, while on a voyage
to St. Augustine, Ephraim Tisdale abandoned his vessel at sea to avoid
capture, and gained the shore in safety. Though nearly destitute oi
money, he accomplished an overland journey to New York, a distance,
by the route that he travelled, of fifteen hundred miles. In 1788 he
embarked at New York for New Brunswick on the ship Brothen,
Captain Walker, and on the passage his wife gave birth to a son, who
was named after the master of the ship."
Mr. Tisdale and his family (eight sons and four daughters) settled
on lands allotted to them at Waterbury in New Brunswick. This is on
the St John River, between St John and Fredericton. Here they all
lived together till 1798, when Lot, the second son, came to the Long
Point settlement, and was assigned land in Charlotteville. He was
greatly delighted with his new home, and wrote many letters to New
Brunswick urging his father and brothers to come west.
In 1801 Lot paid a visit to New Brunswick, and returned the same
year with two brothers, William and Ephraim, and his sister Hannah
(Mr& Ferley). In the following year another brother, Joseph, made
his way to Long Point» and in 1808 three other brothers and Mr. and
Mra Ephraim Tisdale, sen. The old gentleman lived for eight years in
the new home.
Four of the Tisdale brothers, together with Benjamin Mead, formed
in 1810 a business partnership, and built a large store in Vittoria.
Their enterprise prospered, and in a short time they were regarded as
well-to-do men.
True to his loyalist instincts, Mr. Ephraim Tisdale, jun., fought in
the war of 1812, and in this connection the following incident is told :
In 1814 a body of American militia, 150 strong, the scium of the troops,
came across Lake Erie for the purpose of plundering and burning.
They had marched from Dover to the mills of Titus Finch, at the pla^
since known as Cross and Fisher's Landing, and burned them. Thence
they were proceeding to Turkey Point to destroy the district court-house,
which was then standing on the bank near where the road now leads
down the hill which overlooks Turkey Point When near Normandale
(four miles from Turkey Point) they were attacked by a body of twenty-
eight irregular volunteers, armed with fowling pieces and rifles, and
driven back to their boats. The volunteers one of whom was the elder
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ROAD LEADING DOWN HIGH BANK AT TURKEY POINT.
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BEBDAN. 99
Mr. Tifldale, ran through the woods to the bank of the lake to cut ofF
their retreat They were too late to prev^it the ^lemy from embark-
ing, bat killed an officer and fourteen of the men. The enemy immedi-
ately set sail for Turkey Point ; but when a short distance from shore
discovered the redcoats of a party of troops, which had just arrived to
reinforce the volunteers, and, not caring to risk an encounter, forthwith
put the helm hard around and made away for the end of Long Point
and thence across to the place '* from whence they came."
In the rebellion of 1837, Ephraim Tisdale, jun., served for two years
as sergeant in a troop of cavalry, and during that period was at the
Niagara frontier when the steamer Caroline was cut out and burned.
He was one of those engaged in that exploit. Subsequently to 1837,
he held a captain's commission in the Militia. He was also a justice of
the peace for over twenty-five years.
Amcmg the descendants of Ephraim Tisdale is the well-known ex-
Mmister of Militia, Colonel David Tisdale, M.P. for South Norfolk.
CHAPTER XLin.
BERDAN.
Ths Berdan family were prominent land owners in New Jersey.
On the outbreak of the Revolutionary War, Albert Berdan enlisted in
the New Jersey volunteers, and was appointed sergeant in the 2nd
battalion. On the conclusion of peace he settled in New Brunswick,
where he remained till 1798. In that year he came west, settling in
the township of Woodhouse. He and his family received allotments,
partly in Woodhouse and partly in Charlotteville.
When the Courts of Quarter Sessions were organized, in 1800, and
the first session held in April, at the house of Lieut. James Munro,
Albert Berdan was sworn in as the first constable of Woodhouse, and
was also appointed the first Court Crier. An item in the court journal
for the spring term of 1801 states that Albert Berdan was indicted for
swearing in the presence of one of the jurymen, Lucas Dedrick. But
this seems to have been quite common in those days, for in the same
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seanon two other prominent men were fined for the same oflbnoe.
Moreover, in the fall session of the same year, Mr. Berdan was again
indicted, this time not only for profane lan|;xiafrB, but for aggravated
assault, tor we read : " Albert Berdan, fined £5, Halifax curreney, fcur
assault and battery." In fact, the great majority of offonees that were
brought into court in those early days were for assault or aboaiTe
language. There are very few instances of theft
CHAPTER XLIV.
COPR
William Cope was bom on Long Island, the first year of the Seven
Years' War. In the Revolutionary War he was a private in the Royal
Regiment, New York.
After the war he remained for about ten years in New York State,
but in 1794 removed to the Niagara District, and four years later to
Norfolk County, settling on the lake front of Wakingham, called for
many years Cope's Landing. The old pioneer died in 1813.
His eldest son, Jacob, was one of those wounded in the battle of
Lundy's Lane.
The descendants of the family live in and around the village of
St Williams, a border town between Walsingham and Charlotteville.
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CHAPTER XLV.
JOSEPH BTEB80N
Joseph, younger brother of Samuel by nine years, was bom in New-
Jersey, at a town called Paterson, on the 28th February, 1761. At the
outbreak of the war of American Independence he entered the army in
1776 as a cadet. Being for some time too small to handle a musket, he
used a light fowling-piece. About the close of that year, Sir Peter
Parker and Sir Henry C!linton called for volunteers to form a light
infantry corps, to go south for the purpose of besieging Charleston.
Joseph is mentioned by CoL Sabine as being one of the 550 volunteers
for this campaign. When Ck>L Ennis, the recruiting officer for this
expediticm, came to Joseph Byerson, he told him that he was too small
to go ; but the boy replied that he was growing older and stouter every
day, and the colonel, pleased at the lad's ready answer, accepted him.
The service was hard and dangerous, and scarcely a sixth of the
force returned, Joseph being one of the eighty-six who got safely back
to the Northern States after the unsuccessful siege. After this, the
light infantry corps was dispersed, and the men who remained were
returned to the regiments from which they had volunteered.
In 1778 he was made an ensign in the Prince of Wales Begiment
This honor was conferred on him in recognition of his services in the
bearing of dispatches from Charleston to a point 196 miles in the
interior. In the course of this he had many narrow escapea One
story is related by Peter Bodner, who had served in the same division,
and remained, till death, his faithful and intimate friend.
He says that on one occasion Byerson was sent on a scouting expe-
dition and was rash enough to crawl up to a tent of American officers,
when he was discovered by one standing in the door, but determining
to save himself by an act of unparalleled intrepidity, walked boldly up,
and, drawing his bayonet, plunged it through the heart of the hesitating
officer and escaped before the startled Americans could give pursuit
He also mentions that Ensign Byerson was one of the most determined
mexi he ever knew, and with the service of his country uppermost in
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his mind, often exposed himself to great dangers for the aocomplish*
ment of his purposes.
In the following year he was promoted to a lieutenancy in the
same regiment, in recognition of the courage which he showed in the
bearing of special despatches by sea to the north, having eluded the
enemy many times and repulsed them frequ^itly at great odd& He
was in six battles and several minor encounters, and once wounded.
In 1783 he went to New Brunswick, being assigned lands at Major-
ville, on the St. John. There he remained till 1799, when he removed
to Upper Canada and settled in the township of Charlotteville.
In Canada, he hdd in suooession the military offices of captain of
the militia, major, and afterwards colonel
In 1800 he was made a member of the first commission of ma^ps-
tcates, and was for some years chairman of the Courts of Quarter Ses-
sions. In that same year he was appointed high sheriff of London Dis-
trict, which position he held for about five years. He held also the
positicm of Treasurer of London District for eight years.
True to his loyalty to the British crown whenever danger threatened,^
in the war of 1812 he again shouldered his musket, and, together with
three of his sons (George, William and John), remained in active service
to the end of the war.
He seems to have been of a stronger constitution than his brother
Samuel, and to have remained healthy and vigorous throughout his life.
The Colonel lived till 1864 and was probably the last of the orii^rinal
U. E. Loyalists who joined the Boyal Standard in 1776. His descend-
ants, who live at the present time, have inherited his pluck and pei«e*
verance, unswerving loyalty to the Crown, and unsullied faith in the
^orious destiny of the laaid for which their distinguished ancestor
fought so long and so faithfully.
The families of the two brothers, Samuel Ryerse and Joseph Ryer-
son are connected by intermarriage with some of the best f amiliss of
the Province. The circle of connection is very wide, including, among
others, the Austin, Barett, Lee, Stirling, Wilson, Burch, Freeman, Wil-
liams, Bostwick (the late Colonel Bostwiek, of Port Stanley, was a scm-
in-law of Joseph RyersonX Wyatt, Rolph, Hasen, Mitchel, Clark and
McMichael families.
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CHAPTER XLVI.
ANDERSON.
Just before the war there settled in New Jersey a Scotch family
of the name of Anderson. On the declaration of the hostilities they
declared themselves on the side of the King, and enrolled themselves
in the New Jersey volonteera One of the family, Walter, rose to the
rank of captain. His true British bravery, his sharp wit and clever
repartee commanded the admiration and respect of the men of his com-
pany. He had an extraordinarily versatile nature, and at night aronnd
the camp-fire he was the popular entertainer, spinning off by the hour
romantic stories with exceedingly dramatic execution.
About the dose of the war he was one of the Loyalists who took
refnge in Ward's blockhouse on Long Island. Li that place they were
beei^ed by the Americans ; but, before a surrender was made, he and a
comrade named Henry Bush, escaped by night across the ice to the
mainland of Connecticut. In this State they were, however, in exceed-
ingly dangerous territory, for Captain Anderson was one of the
persons who were designated by name, and in a certain posted
order were required by the Executive Council to surrender themselves
to some judge of a court or justice of the peace within a specified
time and abide trial for treason, or, in default of appearance, to stand
attainted.
It is needless to say that these men were very far from trusting
themselves to the tender mercies of the Executive Council of Connec-
ticut, and a plan of escape was soon concocted in the fertile brain of
Anderson. They assumed the r61e of a pair of itinerant evangelists, a
Moody and Sankey, or Crossley and Hunter, of the last century. It
seems that Bush could sing very acceptably. His rich, melodious voice
would ring out in sonorous tones over the rows of New Englanders in
the log meeting-houses in such affecting strains as :
** Well driye the deril around a stump,
We're marching on to glory ;
And hit him a thump at every jump,
We're on our journey home."
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Nor was Anderson less talented on bis side. Clothed in a rusty
black coat reaching to his knees, his beard shaved off, with the exception
of a most sanctimonious-looking pair of side whiskers, his shoulders
bowed beneath the burden of the woes of wretched humanity or the
ponderous Bible which he carried so carefully under his arm, with a
voice tremulous with emotion he would plead with the people to accept
the offer of salvation. Anon, in firmer tones, he would relate such
familiar tales as that of the good Samaritan or the rich man and
Lazarus, and draw moral lessons therefrouL As he proceeded, we
are told that he would work himself into a paroxysm of rage as,
on the basis of : '' Woe unto thee Chorazin, woe unto thee Bethsaida,"
he would proclaim the vengeance of a justly angry Qod on account of
the wickedness of the country in general, and the ill-fated remnant of
Loyalist Elnglish in particular, and the barbarous atrocities of the Six
Nation Indians at Wyoming. His eyes would glow, his mouth quiver,
his heart throb, his breast heave, and his finger-nails dig into the palms
of his hand, as in a fervor of religious frenzy he prayed high heaven to
send the red archangel with the two-edged sword of flame to separate
the sheep from the goats, and the dire deceivers from those that were
true.
Thus they held one meeting each day at early candle-lighting in all
the school-houses and chapels in a comparatively straight line between
the southern and northern boundaries of the State. Once safely out of
Connecticut, they struck with unclerical haste for the military high
road, which ran along the west shore of Lake Champlain. In a flat-
bottomed boat they rowed themselves the whole length of the Upper St.
Lawrence and of Lake Ontario, and settled in the Niagara district
Captain Anderson's family made their way to him as soon as
possible, and for about thirteen years they lived in the County of
Lincoln. In 1799 they moved to the Long Point settlement, having
received land in Charlotteville.
The old Captain died from injuries received by falling from a roof
in 1810. " Full of years and honors " he passed away, leaving to his
flve sons and two dau^^ters a name to be respected and honored as
long as the lamp of patriotism sheds light on the deeds of men.
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CHAPTER XLVII.
GILBERT.
JosiAH Gilbert, of New Jersey, was a corporal in the King's Ameri-
can Regiment. In company with a man named Pearlie he acted as a spy
in the War of the Revolution. After peace was concluded he came
under the penalties of the same acts passed by the legislature of New
Jersey, as have been detailed in Chapter V., and his escape from his
native state was almost as dramatic as that of Abraham Smith.
Late in October, 1783, a body of troops came to his house seeking
him, and Gilbert had barely time to leap on his horse and get well
away. But he had not gone far when the shouts of his pursuers, also
mounted, fell on his ear. The race for freedom was an exciting one,
but Gilbert managed to maintain his lead. His pursuers hoped to
catch him at the river Alleghany, never thinking that he would venture
to cross it But the brave man, throwing himself from his horse,
rolled a small cedar log into the water, and with his left arm round it
for support, attempted to steer himself with the other to the opposite
shore.
By the time the Americans reached the river, he was nearly two
hundred yards from the bank he had left, although it was only with
extreme diflSculty that he was making his way slowly across. Forth-
with, the sergeant commanded his men to open fire upon the swimmer,
and the unremitting sharp-shooting was kept up as long as Gilbert was
within range. The arm which encircled the log was shot in the fleshy
part, but by good fortune the bone was not splintered, and he was
enabled to still cling to his support. The log itself received many
balls, but by keeping it between himself and the enemy his head was
protected until he was out of range, and the disappointed troopers had
to return gloomily home.
The corporal made his way to New Brunswick, where he remained
till 1799. In that year he came to the Long Point country settling in
the township of Woodhouse. In the war of 1812 he was appointed
captain of a local body of volunteers, and again nobly proved his
loyalty to Britain.
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106 UKITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
Some of his descendants live at the present time near Springford in
North Norwich, and some in Dereham. A grandson, John Gilbert,
aged eighty-nine, is yet living in Dereham, and also the eldest sister of
John Gilbert, a Mrs. Mahoney, at the ripe old age of ninety-two. One
of the sons of John Gilbert is called Josiah, after his noted ancestor.
CHAPTER XLVIIL
JOHNSON.
Many Loyalists of this name distingaished themselves in the war of
American Independence. George and James Johnson served as junior
ofiicers in the Royal Regiment, New York. Sir John Johnson was
laeutenant-Ck^lonel, and William, a captain in the King's Loyal fig-
ment. Jonas Johnson was a soldier in the noted Butler's Rangers, and
another, James, a trooper in Jessup's Brigade.
But one only of the name settled in Norfolk County, to wit,
Lawrence Johnson. He had served as a corporal in Colonel Robinson's
regiment. When taken prisoner in one of the countless skirmishes of
the war. Colonel Livingstone, the Commander of the American squad-
ron, sent the prisoner to the President of Pennsylvania with the
message: "Lawrence Johnson is an impudent, determined villain,
undoubtedly in the service of the enemy. If you examine him, you
will find him to be one of the greatest liars you have ever met."
With such a testimonial as this, the governor was graciously pleased
to entertain the unfortunate Johnson in one of the strongholds of the
capital, and the loyalist remained the guest of the governor till the end
of the war.
At the conclusion of hostilities, Johnson was told to leave the
country, and, glad enough to be out of prison, promptly went to
New Brunswick in the spring of 1784. For fifteen years he remained
in that province, that is, until 1799, when he removed to Long Point
He is described as a tall, spare man, of considerable physical strength
and great powers of endurance, sharp-witted, clever with his tongue,
and of remarkable power of rapid decision in emergencies. He was a
" pioneer " Baptist, and one of the original members of Titus Finch's
church.
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•'fisher's glen."
From 1800 to 1825 a proeperouB little settlement under name of Newport ; now a
popular picnic resort (near Port Ryerse).
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107
CHAPTER XLIX.
MONTROSS.
In the war of American Independenee, Peter Montroes, een^ had
been a soldier in the Loyal Ameriean Regiment^ and at the dose of the
war settled in New Brunswick.
In 1799 his three sons, Levy, Silas and Peter, and their three sisters,
came west to hofog Point, settling in Charlotteville near the lake.
They each reeeiyed from the Oovemment two hundred acres in Char-
lotteville, under date of Order-in-Council 17th February, 1802.
(The allotment of Silas was lot 20 of the Ist concession, near the
«aien.O
The wife of Silas Mcmtross was Sarah, daughter of Frederick Maby.
She received (»e of the first grants of land given in that section, the
entry being the third on page 1, folio L of the Docket Book for
warrants of survey to U. E. Loyalists and military daimanta
The various sons of Silas Montross also received free land. Evi-
dently both the father, Peter Montross, and son Silas, were in active
service in the Revolutionary War, for Silas is mentioned also* in the
list of the Loyal American R^ment ; but at the time of the war he
must have been very young.
Silas built a distillery at a place called Cross and Fisher's Landing
(Old Newport), now known as the " Olen." In 1814 the crews of the
six American schooners, who burned the mill of Titus Finch, burned
two houses and a bam belonging to Mr. Mcmtross, and looted this dis-
tillery of forty barrels of whiskey. When peace was restcnred, he was
given by the (Government £235 1 Is., this being 50 per cent of the
assessed value of his losa
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108 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTER L.
MILLARD.
Daniel Hillard was a corporal in the 85th Regimeni In 1786
he came to Nia^ra. The entry ** Daniel Millard and wife " appears on
the Niagara provision list for that year.
In 1799 he removed to the township of Woodhouse. He was a
man of exceedingly good character, reliable and trustworthy. He was
appointed, in 1800» the first treasurer for London District EUs two
sons were given land in Norfolk Ckmnty, the one in Woodhouse, the
other in Townsend.
CHAPTER LL
MATTHEWS.
During the war of the Revolution. James Matthews served as a
cavalryman in the New Jersey volunteers. After the war he settled
on Lyon's Creek, in the Niagara District; but, in 1799, exchanged his
government allotment there for lot 3 of the Gore of Woodhouse.
He was a member of the first court jury of London District, and a
trustee of the original Woodhouse Methodist Church.
In the war of 1812, he again volunteered, and did faithful service
for his country in the transportation corps. The old pioneer died in
1818, having lived a century all but four yeara
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CHAPTER LIL
POWELL.
The name of Abraham Powell was inserted on the list of U. E.
LoyaUsts by special Order-in-Cooncil, 13th January, 1807. At that time
he had been living; in Windham for eight years. On the 7th February,
1809, he was granted two hundred acres in Charlotteville, and on the
20th October of the next year one of his sons, Jacob, also received two
hundred acres. The other sons received further grants in Windham at
a later date.
It is said that Mr. Powell opened the first store in Windham, at a
place which afterwards received the name of Powell's Plains.
In 1804 he was appointed Road CJommissioner for Norfolk County,
and subsequently held other municipal appointmenta
One of his sons, Israel, was the Norfolk representative in the
Dominion Parliament from 1841 to 1848 ; he was also warden of his
county for some time. The family has always taken a prominent part
in municipal politics.
CHAPTER LIII
FOSTER.
Elias and Mary Foster were the first who settled in Walsingham,
west of Big Creek.
Before the war of the Revolution, Elias was in comfortable circum-
stances in Long Island. However, he promptly threw in his lot with
the British, and served in the Royal Regiment^ New York.
In 1783 he came with others to New Brunswick, settling about ten
miles from Fredericton. He was a widower at the time he left his
American home, but married again in New Brunswick.
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110 UNITED nCPIEE LOYALIST fiRTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
In 1800 he came to Long Point with his yonng family, settlinK in
Walsingham, near the marsh land, west of Port BoyaL Three years
after he was made a jnstioe of the peace, and later, a justice of the
Court of Requests. He continued a man of prominence and influence
till his death, in 1833.
His eldest son, Edward, served in the war of 1812 as a commissariat
<^cer. This gentleman was a skilful hunter, and his &mily tell many
thrilling " bear stories," tales of adventure in the thick forests west of
Walsingham Centre. Hislistof bear ''scalps" is said to have amounted
to over one hundred.
Muskrats seem to have been plentiful in Walsingham at Uiat time,
for it is said Mr. Foster killed as many as seventeen hundred in <me year.
The skins had a value of about two shillings, York currency. Evidentiy
Long Point was a sportsman's paradise to an even greater extent than
it is at the present time.
CHAPTER LIV.
WILLIAMS.
In the Revolutionary war, Jonathan Williams was a captain in the
Loyal Rangera Strange to say, he was not so much molested by the
Legislature of the State of New York after the war as were (^ers.
He was left ofF the confiscation and " expurgation " lists. Consequently,
it was not till 1800 that he came to Canada, when he settled in the
township of Woodhouse. His son, Titus, was bom in Long Island in
1790, and came over with his father.
Four years before the war of 1812, Titus received an ensign's com-
mission in the 2nd Regiment of Norfolk militia, and as soon as war was
declared he was made lieutenant of the left flank company, which
assembled at Turkey Point. He was second in command of the 100
volunteers from this county who accompanied Brock to Detroit, which
was followed by the ignominious surrender of the American general,
Hull His rank was then raised to that of captain.
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WOUAMSw 111
Shortly afterwards he was ordered to the defence of Fort Erie,
which* it was sarmised, would soon be attacked, for thirteen thousand
men were arming and drilling at Buffiila When the attack came, the
Canadians were forced to retire, for their numbers were far inferior to
tiiose of the American force. However, on his way back to Chippawa
Capt. Williams succeeded in surprising and taking prisoners thirty
Americans under Oapt Bang. In the fight at Fort Erie, which lasted
through the night, it may be mentioned that Major Bostwick and John
Matthews, of Norfolk County, were wounded : the former in the head,
the latter in the leg.
The next year he was ordered to take forty men and a large boat
and proceed to Sugar Loaf, where a quantity of flour was buried. This
he was to seize during the night, if possible, and bring it to headquarters.
After dark he proceeded to the point and ran his boat on shore, but
before they could land a volley was fired into the boat, for the Ameri-
cans had received information from a deserter. They had run on the
shore with such impetus that the boat was grounded, and there being
no chance of escape, the whole party were taken prisoners. The cap-
tives were forwarded from one place to another, Schlosser, Fort Niagara,
Batavia, Geneva, Albany, Pittsfield, Mass., and, finally, Philadelphia.
On account of some executions of deserters taken in arms by the Cana-
dian (Government, Williams and his companions were looked upon as
hostages, and stood in hourly danger of the gallow& They were incar-
cerated five in a cell, in dose confinement As time went on, however,
the feeling subsided, and they were liberated on the 18th of May, 1814,
and arrived in Upper Canada July 25th, 1814. On his return he was
appointed adjutant and fought at Lundy's Lane. After that battle he
was placed in command of the militia working on Fort Norfolk, in
Turkey Point, and remained in that capacity till the close of the war,
when the militia was disbanded.
There were few engaged in this struggle for home and fireside that
fought longer or more gloriously. From the 25th of June, 1812, till
the forces were disbanded, in 1815, he was either on duty or a prisoner
of war. Subsequently, he was made successively major and colonel,
and did not lay down his commissions until failing eyesight demanded
his resignation.
Lord Elgin sent a cordial letter of appreciation to him on the
occasion of his handing in his resignation. It reads as follows : " I
have much pleasure in availing myself of the opportunity of expressing
to Cc4. Titus Williams the high sense I entertain of his services, and he
is hereby permitted to retire, retaining his rank.**
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112 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
Assuredly the U. E. Loyalists were the '* stuff of which heroes are
made." The writer has been told many further incidents of the bravoy
of Col. Williams, in the war of 1812, but sufficient has been said to
prove his courage.
CHAPTER LV.
BROWN.
Samuel Brown was a New Jersey loyalist, who came to the Niagara
District in 1786, settling in the township of Stamford. His name
appears on the provision list for that year. "Samuel Brown, wife,
and one child," reads the entry. This child was his eldest son, James,
who had been bom in New Jersey three years before.
In 1800 he removed to Norfolk, settling about the centre of Char-
lotteville. His family by this time consisted of five sons and four
daughters. Four of the sons left Charlotteville and settled in Middleton,
becoming four of the earliest pioneers of that township. One, Samuel,
jun., was a very successful hunter and trapper, and accumulated consid-
erable property, paying for it with the bounties, he received from the
Government for wolves' scalps. For these a bounty of $6 each was
received.
CHAPTER LVI.
SPURGIN.
With regard to William Spurgin, the only reliable information we
have is that he was a loyalist from North Carolina. He settled in
Charlotteville about the year 1800, as far as we know. His son, Samuel,
received a grant of two hundred acres in the same township on the
26th of May, 1817.
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CHAPTER LVIL
HUTCmSON.
The troable between loyalists and revolutionists began in many
cases long before the war. The radicals were intolerant of opposition,
and to attempt to be neutral was, in their language, to be a '* traitor."
Such was the case with William Hutchison, of New Jersey. At the
opening of the war he was urged to join the rebel army, but persist-
ently refused. Henceforward he was followed by the open and avowed
haired of the American patriot& Their dislike in this case was unre-
mitting and implacable. His cattle were mutilated, his bams burned,
and, finally, his estate was confiscated, and orders were given to bring
him '' dead or alive '* before the executive officers of the State Legislature.
Nothing remained, therefore, for himself and friends (for there were
eleven to whom this order had reference), but an attempt to escape to
the King's troops. His wife and eight children had to be left behind.
The small body of eleven men were followed, and, being brought to bay
by a detachment of American cavalry, bravely defended themselves for
some minutes, but seeing the contest useless, took refuge in an old
bam. Their hiding-place was soon discovered, and ten of thetn were
caught and afterwards hanged. It happened that William Hutchison
did not enter the bam as did the others, but threw himself among some
furze bushes a little distance from it. But his hiding place was
none too safe, for one of the sentries peered into the bush, remarking
that "it would be a d fine place for a 'rebel' to hide himself."
But being hidden in the deep shade he was not discovered. So he
crawled along the borders of the field to get to the road, lying motion-
less when the moon shone brightly, and again moving when it was
hidden by a doud. On every side he could hear the calls of the
American troopers to each other as they prowled round in search of
him.
Finally, however, he made his escape to the British army, and,
burning for vengeance, he asked to be appointed to the command of a
small body of troops. His request was willingly granted, for, before
the war he had been granted a captain's commission, and he was made
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a captain of one of the regiments of New Jersey volnnteera. His
company did remarkably daring service for the Motherland during Uiat
bitter war.
Bat his wife and little children did not survive the hardships to
which they were subjected, and at the conclusion of peace he and his
two remaining sons went to New Brunswick. There he married again
and settled on the St. John River. There he remained for about
fourteen years, when he removed to the township of Walsingham,
Norfolk County (1798). He was an added member of the first com-
mission of magistrates for the London District
In the war of 1812, true to his loyal spirit, he took his three eldest
sons, of whom two had been bom in New Brunswick, and went to the
front. At the battle of Moravian town, Alexander, the eldest, was
killed.
Captain Hutchison was a justice of the peace, and for one term of
1809, chairman of the Court of Quarter Sessions at Turkey Pointw He
was also an associate justice of the Court of Requests for Wakingham.
The descendants of the Captain live yet in Walsingham, and are
connected with the Beard, Sovereign, Backhouse, Fairehild, and
McEinna families of Norfolk coimty.
CHAPTER LVIII.
BUCKNER.
Thsrb were four brothers of this name settied in New Jersey before
the war, Mathias, Henry, John, and Martin. They came originally of
good old German stock, and remained staunchly loyal to Eang Gteorge.
Not content with a passive allegiance, they took up arms, not in defence
of the " Yaterland " across the water, but in defence of the right of
their adopted sovereign.
In the U. K Loyalist record we have an entry to the efiect that
Henry and John joined the Royal Standard at New York, the latter in
1779. WiUi r^ard to Mathias, the entry records show that he joined
the Royal Army in the Jerseys as early as 1777. Martin is not men-
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BUCKNSR. 115
tiOBed, bat^ no doobt^he was an aetiye loyalisfc also, for the four brothers
cane to this eonntry together in 1796.
The long joomey from New Jersey was made on foot^ a walk of
five hundred milea The two children of Henry» a scm and a daoghter,
Henry and Anne, mM« infants at thai time» were slung in baskets, one
on either side of a pack bona Father and mothor walked by their
side and carried a few small relics of their former home. They followed
the military highway by Lake Champlain, Fort Tioonderog% Plaits-
harg, and then tanked Northward to ComwalL Slowly they made
Uirar way l^ land akmg the north shore of Lake Ontario, and along the
high road ranning west, which QortirDar Simeoe had projected in 1795,
but which at that time was^ in many places, simpfy a blaze, for the
GoTemor had left the Province before his intentions could be carried out.
They settled first at Lytm's Creek, in the Niagara District, but about
1800, removed to the Long Point settlement, and received from the
Gkyvemm^it the following grants of land, chiefly in the township of
Windham:
** John Bou^mer, son of Mathias, of Willoughby, Lincoln Co., 200
aeres, 30th Septonber, 180a
*• Mathias Bou^mer, jun., son of Mathias, 200 acres, 30th Sept., 1800.
*< Anna Boughner, daughter of Mathias, 200 acres in Woodhouse, 23rd
June, 180a
"" Alex. BiNighner, son of Mathias, 200 acres, in Windham, 26th June,
1807.
** Getta Boughner, wife of Alexander (supra) and daughter of Jacob
GloTer, a U. E. loyalist, 200 acres in Windham, 16th Feb., 1811."
Two daughters of Henry Buckner also received land.
" Elizabeth Owen, wife of Abner Owen, 200 acres in Woodhouse.
" Mary Wilson, wife of Joseph Wilson, jun., 200 acres in Windham,
4th May, 1811."
The present home of Elias Boughner, on the 13th concession of
Windham, is on the identical site of the original log cabin, erected just
a century ago.
It will be noticed that the name as spelled in these entries is
" Boughner," a mistake of the copyist no doubt ; but as the grants of
land were drawn out in that name, the majority of the family adopted
it tiienceforward.
For years the wolf, the bear, and other ferocious animals were a
source of terror to the early settler. The want of firearms and ammu-
nition, in many cases made their extermination a task of great diffi-
culty. They grew very bold and would come even by day to the door
s
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of the shanty, ready to seize the poultry, pigs, sheep, or pnm8i<Mis of
the early settler, and even his little child, while night was made hideons
by their incessant howling.
The little sheep-fold of Mr. Mathias Bnckner had been broken into,
night after night, by wolvea There was not a doubt as to the nstare
of the marauder, for a few inches of snow lay on the ground and the
tracks were plain. He followed the marks through the woods to a cave
at the mouth of which the bloody snow and scattered tufts of wool
were an indisputable evidence that the offender had been tracked to his
den. The mouth of the cave was not much larger than the body of a
man. To attack a ferocious wolf in such a place might well make a
man shudder ; but, nothing daunted, Mr. Buckner prepared to enter the
den. He fastened a candle on the end of a long pole and shoved it into
the cavern, and, taking his musket and a pitchfork, he crawled in on his
hands and knees. The roof of the cave was higher on the inside, uid
he was enabled to stand almost upright. Carefully looking around in
the awful silence, he saw a pur of glassy eyes gleaming in the shadow.
His life depended on one shot. He aimed a little below the glittering
eyeballs, and a howl of pain told him that his shot was eflfoetive.
But a frantic leap of the maddened animal showed him also that the
wolf was far from dead. He seized the pitchfork, and, though his coat
was torn by the claws of the wolf as he sprung aside, he succeeded in
impaling the animal at the first thrust, and a few stabs settled it forever.
This story, and others as interesting, was told the writer by an old
lady now nearly eighty years of age, living aboul two miles from Til-
sonburg. She is the widow of Peter, one of the six sons of Mathias.
Mrs. Boughner is an extraordinarily interesting old lady, with the
marked conversational power of her family.
The family is an extensive one, and well and favorably known
throughout the section, Mr. Elias Boughner being on two occasions the
standard-bearer for the Conservative party in North Norfolk. Though
he missed election, the immense vote cast for him is an evidence of the
regard and esteem with which his fellow citizens honor him.
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117
CHAPTER LIX.
WYCOFF.
Ik the War of the Revolution families were frequently divided by
the bitterest hatred. Many times did fathers recognize sons, or brothers
in the opposing battle line. The Wyooff family, of Long Island, is an
instance of this fratricidal division. One of the family, Major Hendrick
Wycoff, was the trusted agent of Governor Clinton. On the British
side Peter Wycoff fought as conscientiously and as bravely.
Immediately after the close of the war, this Peter Wyooff removed
to the Niagara District, settling in Lincoln County, near St Catherines.
About 1797 he returned to Long Island for some business purpose, and
on his way back it is supposed was murdered, for he was not heard of
again. His widow and two sons, John and Peter, remained for some
years at their home in Lincoln County.
After some time the widow married John Clendenning, a miller,
and the family removed to Long Point, settiing near Port Ryerse. Mr.
Clendenning was engaged by Mr. Ryerse to manage his milL
The two sons, John and Peter Wycoff, enlisted for the war of 1812.
John was killed on the Niagara frontier, but Peter returned safely
home. He was given 200 acres in Woodhouse on the 17th December,
1816, and lived on his farm until his death, in 1881.
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118 UNITED EMPIRE LOYAUST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTER LX.
HAVILAND.
During the war of the Revolution, John Haviland, of New York
State, was a captain in the company commanded by Colonel James
Delaney.
At the close ci the war, he joined the party which Mr. Orass
was preparing to conduct to Upper Canada. They left New York in
five small vessels, and sailed around the coast, arriving at Sorel, in
Quebec, in October, 1788. There they built themselves shanties, and
wintered. In May, 1784, they re-embarked in their boats and reached
Cataraqui, Kingston, in July. Captain Haviland settled in Adolphus-
town. There he remained till 1803, when he removed to the Long
Point Settlement, erecting his log cabin on lot 12 of the 1st concession
of Townsend
Captain Haviland received a large grant of land from the Crown,
as is proved by the following Order-in-Coundl, under date of 27th
January, 1809:
" John Haviland, of Townsend, Norfolk County, Londcm District,
gentleman, formerly a captain in Delaney's Regiment, 2,600 acres, to
make up 3,000 acres, as captain, in King and Gwillimbury." This was
in the northern part of York County, but Mr. Haviland preferred to
live on the 600 acres in Townsend, where he had established his home
There are also the following grants registered :
" Benjamin, son of John Haviland, yeoman, 200 acres in Townsend,
20th March, 1815.
" John, son of John Haviland, yeoman, 200 acres in Townsend, 20t]i
March, 1815.
'* Esther, wife of John Haviland, jun., and daughter of Peter Fair-
child, 200 acres, 20th March, 1815.
" Sarah, spinster, daughter of John Haviland, 200 acres in Townsend^
7th August, 1816 ; also lot 19, 5th concession, Zorra, 8th May, 1821.
" Fanny, daughter of John Haviland, 200 acres in Townsend, Siik
October, 1833."
Captain Haviland enlisted for the war of 1812, and was slightly
wounded in the Battle of Lundy*s Lane.
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FAIHCHILD. 119
One of his grandsons, also a John Haviland, obtained a part of the
old captain's farm, and so improved it thai it is now a veritable far-
mer's paradise. The buildings are large, and display a qnaint old-
fashioned magnifioenoa The homestead is a great square farick hoose,
wiih a balcony ranning completely around the second story. Every-
thing is in keeping, and the impression given to the visitor is one of
easy cirenmstances and solid comfort
CHAPTER LXL
FAIROHILD.
The name of Peter Fairehild was inserted on the original list of
U. E. Loyalists by a special Order-in-Coundl, dated 10th May, 1808.
It is here stated that he joined the Royal Standard in 1777. It would
seem t^ this that he did not come to Canada till quite late, probably
about tiie year 1805.
At any rate, it is certain that he was settled in Townsend by the
year 1807, for we find mention of him in that year in the records of
the township. His family received from the (Government the following
grants of land :
'' Rebecca, daughter of Peter Fairehild, a U. E. Loyalist, wife of
Joseph Meril, 200 acres in Charlotteville, 28th May, 1811.
'' Elizabeth, daughter of Peter Fairehild, wife of J. Smith, 200 acres
in Charlotteville, 2l8t June, 1811.
''Benjamin, son of Peter Fairehild, SOO acres in Townsend, 7th
August, 1816.
"* Sarah, daughter of Peter Fairehild, spinster, 200 acres in Townsend,
8th October. 1833."
The Fairehild and Haviland families were connected by the mar-
riage of Benjamin Fairehild, spoken of above, to Elizabeth, daughter
of John Haviland of the same place. '
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110 UNITED EMPIRE IX)YAIJST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTER LXII.
WILSON.
Jacob and Joseph Wilson were brothers. On the outbreak of
hostilities they each joined the British, and were enrolled in the New
Jersey volunteers. Jacob was made a sergeant in one company. Joseph
was a private in Barton's division.
After the war they settled first in the Niagara District^ but in the
early years of the century removed to the Township of Windham.
Their children received the following grants of land :
" Philip, son^of Jacob Wilson, two hundred acres, 23rd March, 1811,
in Windham.
"Mary, daughter of Joseph Wilson, wife of Michael Cairo, two
hundred acres in Windham, 26th March, 1811.
" Elijsabeth, daughter of Joseph Wilson, wife of Jdin Van Attar,
two hundred acres in Windham, 26th February, 1812."
CHAPTER LXIII.
SHAW.
During the war of American Independence, Michael Shaw was s
private soldier in Butler^s Rangers, and was one of the three hundred
who attacked Fort Wyoming. He settled first in the Niagara District,
and afterwards in the Township of Townsend. His two sons received
grants as follows :
" Dennis, son of Michael Shaw, of same place, a U. E. Loyalist, two
hundred acres in Townsend, 12th October, 1810.
" Michael, jun., two hundred acres in Townsend, 23rd December,
1816."
Nothing further concerning the family has been learned.
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121
CHAPTER LXIV.
DAVia
Thomas Dayis was a member of a North Carolina regiment. He
settled after the war in the Township of Willoughby, County of lin-
cob, of the Niagara District Later, he removed to Woodhonse, in
Norfcdk County. His daughter, Fanny, was married to a son of Jaeob
IK^lson, and received a grant of 200 acres in Charlotteville on the 20th
May, 1835.
The writer has not learned anything farther concerning the family.
CHAPTER LXV.
GLOVER.
Jaoob Glover was a merchant of Newtown, Connecticut On the
outbreak of the war he served as a sergeant in Lord Rawdon's com-
mand, hi 1770 he was sent to Long Island in a boat in command of
eight soldiers to capture Major-Oeneral Sillman. The American
general was captured easily, for he was alone and comparatively
defenceless. On returning to the mainland they foimd Colonel Simcoe,
of the Queen's Rangers, waiting for them, who called out, " Have you
got him?" Answer "Yea" "Have you lost any men?" "No."
" That is well," answered Simcoe, " your Sillmans are not worth a man,
nor your Washington&"
Sergeant Glover settled in Windham about 1810, where he was
given Government land. His son, John, was given land in both Wind-
ham and Zorra townships.
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122 UNITED EMPIRE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
CHAPTER LXVI.
DOUGHARTY.
Anthony Douohartv was one of the North Carolina Loyalists.
To the best belief of the writer, he did not oome to Canada till about
1810. He is mentioned on p. 6 of Folio IL of the Loyalist Docket
Books as " Of Townsend, lately deceased." This entry is under date
16th October, 1811, in connection with a grant of two hundred acres
in Townsend to his daughter, Margaret, the wife of Nathaniel Boot
Another daughter, Elizabeth, the wife of Alexander Tagert^ was giTen
two hundred acres in Townsend on the 16th March, 1817.
No further information concerning the family has been obtained.
CHAPTER LXVIL
GREEN.
Reuben Qreen was a sergeant in the 1st battalion of New Jersey
volunteers. He settled in Townsend in 1811, receiving from the Gov*
emment a grant of 500 acres, on the 7th May of that year, as a militaiy
claimant
Two of his daughters also received grants of land :
" Elizabeth, wife of John Dickson, daughter of Reuben Green, two
hundred acres in Townsend, 28rd December, 1815."
"Phoebe, wife of Jonathan Silverthome, two hundred acres in Town-
send, 23rd December, 1815."
The writer has not obtained any further information concerning
the family.
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123
CONCLUSION.
SuoH is ihe story of the aettiameiit of United Empire Loyalists in
the LoD j( Point Disbiei It has been the aim of the writer to tell, in a
simple and straightforward style, of those brave men who laid the
foundation of a loyal British population in that part of Upper Canada.
The material for tike last forty chapters at least has been obtained from
the descendants of these Loyalist setUera Traditions as to the settle-
ment of their ancestors are jMresenred in almost eyery fiunily.
It may be wondered that the literature as to the Loyalists is so
scanty, but the reason is not hard to gness. They who are driven from
their homes, who surrender their property and are forced to flee with
what little baggage can be carried on the back of a horse or a cow,
exiles from their native land, wanderers in a strange one, leave but
few written memorials for the guidance- of those who come in after
daya Their papers are scattered and lost Further, those who must
devote their time and energy to the all-absorbing task of clearing away
the forest and rearing new homes for their little cmee in a land removed
from even the vestiges of civilization, have but little time or inclination
for writing history or recording event& Their feelings are often too
bitter for tears or for worda Hence, except for the purely historical
part, dealing with their enforced exile from the land of their birth,
common to all the Loyalists who sought a refuge in Canada, we have
had to depend upon tradition.
It is to be hoped that the traditions embodied in these pages are not
materially inaccurate. The method of comparison and examination of
different individuals as to the settlement of a single person has been
adopted so far as circumstances would permit. It is astonishing to find
80 much unanimity and consistency as to the tales and stories that are
embodied herein. Moreover, many an old man is living to-day who
knew personally those whose lives are recorded in these pages. Sons
are yet alive whose fathers carved a home out of the wilderness almost
a century since, and their evidence in many cases is unimpeachable.
The writer has been oftentimes intensely stirred by the stories told by
old men, now on the verge of the grave. If these chapters give to the
mind of the reader an increased feeling of pride in the early settlers of
this Province, the purpose of this treatise has been accomplished, and
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124 UNITED EMPIBE LOYALIST SETTLEMENT AT LONG POINT.
these pages, begun in a spirit of extreme timidity, and sent forUi with
many a misgiving as to their crudeness and imp^ection, will not have
been in vain.
The Rev. Le Boy Hooker, of Detroit, expresses the issues which
the Loyalists had to face, in a few beautiful lines :
'* TheM be thy hevoM, Canada !
These men, who stood, when pressed.
Not in the fevered pulse of strife.
When foeman thrusts at foeman's life.
But in that sterner test
When wrong on somptuous fare is fed.
And right must toil for daily bread.
And men must choose between.
When wrong in lordly mansion lies.
And right must shelter 'neath the skies,
And men must choose between.
When wrcmg is cheered on every side.
And right is cursed and crucified.
And men must choose between.
And when you pray for Canada,
Implore kind heaven, that like a leavfln.
The hero blood which then was given
May quidcen in her veins each day ;
So shall she win a spotless &me.
And like the son her honored name,
Shall shine to latest years the i
The End.
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REFERENCES.
Dominion ArohivM, recordt 1783-1810
Anttncftn Loyalist Col<m€i 8abin€
Loymlifts d America Rytrmm
Loyaliats Dt Lancey
Life of GoTomor Simooe Read
Settlement of Upper Canada Dr. Canniff
Britiah Dominions in North America BoueheUe
Trmvek in North America, 1706-6-7 Imac Weld
Life of Joaeph Brant fV. L. Stone
Life of Colonel Talbot ....... E, Ermaiingtr
History of United States Rawitey
•• " HUdreth
" " •• Tucker
Bcmeroft
History of Revolntionary War Andrews
Pioneer Sketches Owen
Before the Coming of the Loyalists Haight
The Coming of the Loyalists Haigkt
The Aftermath of a Rey^dntion Dr. 0. 8, Ryersan
DoenmsotaryHistoryof New York, Vols. L»IL,IIL, IV. -
Doonmentary History of Canada Colonel Orukkshatde
The Tarioos histories of Canada .......
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PASS
Hoose of Lieotenant James Monro, erected 1706 - • • - 80
Jonction of Black Creek and River Lynn 38
" Fisher's Glen " . 107
" Wolfe's Cove," near Turkey Point 71
Indian Creek, Turkey Point 48
Road leading down High Bank at Turkey Point .... 99
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INDEX
Adams, John 11, 17
A1lfltiz^ SokNiion. 46,68,78
" Familyof 78, 7»
AddMon, Rot. Mr 80,61
Anderaon, Walter 68,103
*' " atory of hit aaeape to
Canada 103
Batteaux of Loysliata 31
Bnildiiig aettien' oabina 32
Baptist Chuoh (firat) 67
Bmal of first idiita man 67
Big Crook Settlement 87
Boomer, John 689 80
Baokhooao, John 68.90
Bowlby, Thomaa 68,90
Berdan, Albert, first ooDsUble of Wood-
hoBso 94,99
Bntler's Rangers 106,120
Brown, Samuel 68, 112
fiockner (Bonghner) family 68,114
MatSaa 68,114
Henry 68,114
Jolm 68,114
Blartin 68,114
Backner's story of adventure with the
wolf 116
Bnckner, ELias 116
Clendenning, John 117
Connecticiivs treatment of the Loyalists 20
CommissioiierB of Loyalists to England. 23
Congress's treatment of Loyalists 21
Charlotteville, Fonnding of 45, 48
CharlotteviUe, Township of . 37
Culver, Rev. Jabez 61, 68, 82
Colver, Timothy 68, 82
Cope, William 68, 100
C^'s Landing 100
Delaware's treatment of Loyalists 20
Daillon, Father, visit to Long Point, in
1626 33
Dolber de Casson, Father, his voyage
of discovery in Ontario, 1670 33
Dedriok, Limms, Family of . . 69, 70
Debbie, T. W., surveyor of Tilsonburg. 94
Destruction by Americans of Ryerse
Mill, 1812 86
Davis, Thomas 68, 121
Dougherty, Anthony 68, 122
PASS
^isoopalian Church, first one in Nor-
folk Coonty 60
*' Freooh train ** for winter jonmeys . . 32
First oourtbouso in Norfolk 89
Finch, Elder Titus 61,68,96
Freeman, Rev. Daniel 62,68,9ft
First churdi in Norfolk 60
First white ehild bom in Norfolk 88
First burial of white man in Norfolk . . 67
First Court of Magistratea 89
First store in Windham 109
Foster, Elias and Mary 69, 109
Foster, Edward 110
Fort Erie, Fight at Ill
FairehikU Peter 68,87, 119
FamUyof 119
Grants of land to Loyalists 26
Galinee, Father, visit to Long Point . . 33
Gilbert, Joeiah 69, 105
Glover, Jacob 121
Glover, John 121
Green, Reuben 122
•• Daughters of 122
Hou^^ton, Township of 40
Homioy block or plumping mill 06
Hacen, Sergeant Daniel 69, 91
Familyof 98
Hazen's Comers 93
Hutchison, Capt. Wm 69, 90, 113
*' sUnry <^ his escape 113
Haviland, John 68,118
«• •• Familyof 118
Indians' treatment of settlers 42, 43
Johnson, Lawrence 69, 106
** George and James 106
" Sir John 106
•* Jonas and Wm 106
Journal of first court 90
Long Point Settlement 41, 45, 47
Long Point, Proposed military outpost
at 43
Loggimr bees 52
Lynn VaUey 57, 78
Log church at Woodhouse 95
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128
INDEX.
MaryUnd*« treatmant <^ Lovftlisto .... 90
MassaokiisetU' trMtaient of LoyalisU . 81
MiddleUm Towmhip 38
Mills, Grifit and saw 66
Matarialt for dothine 57
Methodist Church, First 02
Marriages at Long Point 68
Maby, Frederick 71
•• " Death of 73
Family <^ 71
McMiohael. Edward a9» 77
McArthur's Raid 82,94
Magistrates, Daties of early 85
MoCaU, Donald 87
« <« adventure with French
and Indians 87
McCall, Family of 88
Simpson 88
Munro, Lieut. James 87, 90
Malcolm 90
«• J.H.,M.P 90
Montross, Peter, Family of 69, 107
Silas 107
Millard, Daniel 69,108
Mathews, James 6b, 108
New York's treatment of Loyalists 20
New Jersey's " " .... 20
Norfolk County, Surveying ol 33
** Townships of 37
Normandale, Enoonnter at 98
Old house of Lieutenant Munro 89
Paris, Treaty of, re Loyalists 19, 42, 71
Pennsyh-ania's treatment of Loyalists . 20
Presbyterian Church 61
Port Ityerse Settlement 84
Powell, Abraham 69, 109
Rhode Island treatment of Loyalists . . 90
Routes of the Loyalisto 29, 30
Ryerse, Captain Samuel 84
Ryerse Creek 84
Ryerson, Colonel Joseph 83, 90, 101
" *• «• Story of, by
Peter Rodner 101
** Schenectady boato" 32
PASS
Supplies to loyalists 96, 27
Sand hills of Houghton Township 40
Sheriir Boetwiok, Story ol 4»
Story of Mr. Spohn 51
PoUSpragge 58
8eootd,Pteter 69,70,73
Silas : 73
Smith, Abraham, Stoiy ol his escape. 69, 75
Smith, William 76
Smith, Hart, Fuuly ol 69,76
Sugar Loaf , Seisure ol Osaadians at .. Ill
Spurgin, Wm., Family ol 69,60,112
Shaw, Michael 120
Shaw, Michael, Sons of 120
Townaend Township 38
Talbot Street 39
Talbot, Colonel 86
Trapper Ramsay, Stofy ol 71
Terate, Peter 69, 74
•• «* Sons of 74
Tisdale, Bphraim 69, 97
*' ** FamUyof 98
" Lot 96
*' Bphraim, jun 98
" CoLDaTid,M.P 99
Virginia's treatmsot <^ Loyaliite 90
Vittoria, Norfolk County 86
Woodhouse Township 37, 94
Windham " 38,109
Walsingham ** 40,92
Welsh TWalsh), FamUy of 69,80
Walsh, Francis 81
« Thomas, Registrar 81
•* Frands^i 81
Williams, Wynaat 86
" Jonathan 110
«• Capt. Titus 110
" «* «« stories of 1812 .. Ill
Wyooff, Pteter 69, 117
•* SoDS<^ 117
Wilson, Jaoob 69, 190
«• Joseph 69,190
Young's Creek, Visit of Highlanders to,
inl758 87
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©ntario Dtstorical Societi?.
PAPERS AND RECORDS
VOL. III.
TORONTO :
PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY.
1901.
KRAUS REPRINT CO.
Millwood. New York
1975
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Ontario 1>i9torical SodcVi, 1900«
HononuT PMiid«nt:
Hon. RiGHAmD Harooukt, M.A., Q.C.» Mimtter qf Mdueatha,
Freiid«at:
Jamm H. Ootkb, B.A., St. Thomas.
Itt Yiee-PreddMit:
C. C. James, M.A., Tar<nUo.
Slid Yic«-PMdd«nt :
UauL M. E. Ross Holdin, HmmtUan,
lUr. C. E. Tbomson, •
MiM jAirsT Oabnochan,
Rbt. Canov Bull, M.A.,
JgsoB J. A. Amdaob, -
W, W. Fbaemaii, •
J. A. Bath, '
f^BVT.-COL. H. C. Roous,
UwB, Qmo. E. Fosnm, -
T. H. Paubb,
Mbs. Fobstthi Obabt,
IIbs. Galdbb,
Nblbov Moktutb, M.P.P.,
Horn. Albx. Vidal,
J. H. LtTLB,
llBt. W. N. POMTOSr, .
^>B. RoBBBnOB,
JVDOB J. ROBB,
J. H. Thompiob, •
flu Cbawiobd,
Bz-Oflicio l^o^-PrMidantB :
Prtmdtml York Pioneer^ AsfodatioH^ Toronto.
FreaideiU Niagara Hi&i. Soe.^ Niagara.
PrtddaU Lundy's Lane HiM. Soe., Niagara FoXU Souik.
PrtddetU Simeot Pioneer and HitL iSoc, Barrie.
President Weniworth Hist. 8oc., HamHton.
President Elgin Hist, amd Seient\/ie Inetiiute, St. Tkotnat.
Pruident Peterborough Town and Cowidg Hist. Soc,
Peterborongh.
President Women' $ Canadian Hist, Soe. qf Ottawa.
President Oa^ord HisL Soe., Woodstock.
President Women's Canadian ^HisL Soe. qf Toronto.
President Wentworth Women's HisL Soe., Hamilton.
President Perth County Hist. Soe., Stratford.
President Lambton Hist. Soe., Samia.
President Victoria Hist. Soe., Lindsay.
President Belleville and Bay qf Quinte Hist. Soe.,
BeUeviUe.
President Halton Hist. Soe., Milton.
President Norfolk Hist. Soe, Simeoe.
President Thorold and Beoper Dams HisL Soe, Thorold.
President Peel Pioneer and Hist. Soe, Brampton.
Secretary:
Datio Botlb, Education Department, Toronto.
Treasurer:
Fbauk Ybioh, Parliament Buildings, Toronto.
Reprinted with permission of The Ontario Historical Society
KRAUS REPRINT CO.
A U.S. Division of Kraus-Thomson Organization Limited
Printed in U.S.A.
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CONTENTS
Early Records of St. Mark's and St. Andrew's Churches, Niagara. By Janet
Camochan 7
Baptisms in Niagara, by Rev. Robert Addison 9
Weddings at Niagara, 1792 53
Burials, Niagara, 1792 66
Register of Baptisms, commencing 29th June, 1817, Township of Qrimsby 74
Register of Marriages, Township of Grimsby, U.O., commencing Aug., 1817 77
Register of Bnrials in the Township of Grimsby 80
Register of Christenings in the Presbyterian Oongregatiim, Township of
Newark, Upper Canada 81
Register of Births and Baptisms, St Andrew's Church, Niagara . . 83
Marriages celebrated by Rev. Robert McGill 84
German-Oanadian Folk-Lore. By W. J. Wintemberg 86
The Settlers of March Township. By Mrs. M. H. Aheam 97
The Settlement of the County of GrenviUe. By Mrs. Burritt 102
BeooUections of Mary Warren Breckenridge, of Clarke Township. By Catherine
F. Lefroy 110
A Relic of Thayendanegea (Capt. Joseph Brant). By Mrs. M. K Rose Holden 113
Some Presbyterian U. E. Loyalists. By D. W. Clendennan 117
The Migration of Vayagev/rs from Drummond Island to Penetanguishene in
1828. By A. C. Osborne 128
listof the Drummond Island Fbya^«r< 149
Portrait of Father Marquette 167
A Brief History of David Barker, a United Empire Loyalist. By J. S. Baricer. 168
The Old **Bragh," or Hand Mill. By Sheriff McKellar 170
The Ethnographical Elements of Ontario. By A. F. Hunter, M.A. . . 180
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ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE
PBNBTAN(;:riSaENB BaV iN 1836
123
A OrOUP op VOTAQBUltH
126
Baptists SYLYEdTRK
142
Amtoinb Labattb
142
Father Marqubitr
167
Back ok Marquhti'i^ Po:. trait Panel
168
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EARLY RECORDS OF ST. MARKS AND ST. ANDREWS
CHURCHES, NIAGARA.
The following copy of the Record Books of Si Mark's and Si
Andrew's, Niagara, is as much as possible verbatim et literatim. The
spelling, etc, has been preserved. As showing the value of these early
records, it may be mentioned that part of Si Mark's has been copied and
deposited in the archives of the Historical Society, BuffiBblo, and the
marriage notices, up to 1830, have been reproduced in the history of
Si George's, Si Catharines, by Rev. Robi Ker.
The early records of Si Mark's Church are found in good preser-
vation, in a stout old leather-covered book with thick yellow paper.
Rev. Robi Addison, from Westmoreland, England, came as a missionary
in 1792, sent out by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in
Foreign parts; the church, however, was not built till 1802. His
field was an extensive one, as we find by the entries, Chippawa,
Long Point, Grimsby, Twelve-Mile Creek, etc. The records are
neatly kept, and the usual monotony of such lists is relieved here
and there by a touch of humor or some quaint remark. Instead of the
births, marriages and burials being kept in different parts of the book,
we find a page allotted to each of those for each year in succession. He
signs his name as Minister of Niagara; we know that he was military
chaplain, and that he also acted as chaplain to Parliament, both in York
and Newark, while from other records we learn that he was chaplain to
the lodge of Free Masona As his residence was at Lake Lodge, three
miles from the town, the records were safe and did not share the fate of
others, when the town was burnt in 1813. His valuable library of one
thousand volumes, containing many rare folios, may be seen in the
Rectory. At the Centennial of Si Mark's, held in 1892, many descend-
ants of the first minister were present.
The assistant and successor. Rev. Thomas Creen, bom in Ireland*
and a graduate of Glasgow University, came in 1820, and taught the
Niagara District Grammar School for several years. In this historic
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8 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
church there were only three incumbents in the century, a unique cir-
cumstance, it is believed, in church history. As showing the ^ae of
such records, it may be mentioned that letters are being constantly
received by the rector, Rev, J. C. Garrett, asking for extracts from the old
volume in his charge, and it is by his kindness and courtesy that in the
interest of historic research, access has been given to these records which
have been copied by me with a loving hand.
To this is appended the corresponding records in Qrimsby, by Bev.
Wm. Sampson, as many of the names are the same, several from
Niagara appearing.
The Record Book of St. Andrew's dates from 1794, and is mostly
the account of the business transactions and contains only a few bap-
tisms, there having been many changes and intervals when there was no
clerg}rman, while Si Mark's had the advantage of a fixed salary, paid
by the S. P. G., of £200 yearly. It ipay be noticed that in one record
the word Niagara is used altogether, in the other Newark, the latter
name being given by Simcoe in 1792, and changed by Act of Parliament
in 1798, but from habit or fancy either was used. St Andrew's, built in
1794, was totally destroyed in the conflagration, and though the record
book was saved by Mr. Andrew Heron, the secretary and treasurer, no
doubt other records were destroyed. The first minister was Rev. John
Dun, 1794-1797, followed by Rev. John Young. Rev. John Bums; but
no regular record is known to be in existence till 1829, that of Rev.
Robt. McGill. After the war the congregation worshipped in St
Andrew's schoolhouse till 1831, when Uie present church was built
Janet Carnocban.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA. BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON.
1792.
July 9. John McNabb, of Colin and Elizabeth.
13. Frederick Aufs^stus Scram, of Frederick and Angelica.
Isaac Crumb, of Benoni and Sarah.
15. Peggy Slingerlandt, of Richard and Elizabeth.
Mary Hodgkinson, of William and Mary.
Andrew Haynes, of Nathaniel and Lydia.
Jacob Derby, of George and Margaret
Margaret Miller, of William and Margery.
16. Deborah Butler, of Thomas and Ann.
22. Thomas Silverthom, of John and Esther.
Aaron Silverthom, of John and Esther.
John De Forest, of Abraham and Elizabeth.
William Dayton, of Asa and Sarah.
Martha Lampman, of Abraham and Hannah.
James Hamilton, of Hon. Robert and Catherine.
Aug. 5. Mary Bark, of Francis and Jane.
Deborah Barraws, of Thomas and Mary.
9. John Clement, of Joseph and Margaret
11. Peter Mann Ball, of Peter and Elizabeth.
19. John Scram, of Jeremiah and Mary.
22. Jane Cassady, of Samuel and Sarah.
26. Anna Isabella Sheehan, of Walter Butler and Elizabeth.
Eliza Sheehan, of Walter Butler and Elizabeth.
Sept. 12. Elizabeth Rees, of Jacob and Elizabeth.
17. Susannah Henesy, of James and Phebe.
Sarah Henesy, of James and Phebe.
21. Sarah Dew, of Jacob and Elizabeth.
Mary Springer, of Richard and Sarah.
24. John Cox Van Every, of Benjamin and Mary.
Catherine Gould, of John and Hannah.
Clartie Hinner, of Richard and Hannah.
Harriet Secord of Lieut. Sol. Secord and .
Edward Vanderlip, of riper years.
Jane, a daughter of Martin, Col. Butler's Negro.
William Jobbitt, of Thomas and Mary.
Elizabeth Jobbitt, of Thomas and Mary.
Susan i slick Stone, of William and Mary.
John Putman Clement, of James and Catherine.
Benjamin Smith, of Henry and Catherine.
Sarah, wife of John Petit
Henry Nelles, of Robert and Elizabeth.
Hannah Messilas, of Peter and Margaret.
John Larrison, of Miller and Elizabeth.
Nancy Green, of John and Mary.
Hannah Green, of John and Mary.
0
30.
Oct
17.
Dec
20.
1793.
Jsa
6.
13.
30.
Feb.
2.
m
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10 Ontario uistokical society.
Feb. 2. John Hare, of Peter and Catherine. 1 5$1
Charlotte Hilse, of Joseph and Elizabeth. I'^^jl
Mary Hilse, of Joseph and Elizabeth. I 1 14
George Hervy, of John and Elizabeth. j^li?
18. John Vanderlip, of William and Elizabeth.
Anna Vanderlip, of William and Elizabeth.
Jane Vanderlip, of William and Elizabeth.
Christina Markle, of Alexander and Rebecca.
Samuel Bovce Markle, of Alexander and Rebecca.
Jacob Markle, of Alexander and Rebecca.
Solomon Osterhout Markle, of Frederick and Rebecca.
March 3. Hanna Ball, of Peter and Elizabeth.
5. Catherine Sedthill, of a Mohawk Chief.
22. Mary Bradt, wife of Peter.
John Cox. of Samuel and Barbara.
31. John Shier, of John and Elizabeth.
April 12. Thomas Taylor, of riper yeara
Ann Albury, of David and Elizabeth.
Crowell Fanning, of John and Sarah.
Mary Warren, of Henrv and Catherine. |
Dorothea Kitson, of John and Margaret.
Catherine Bledan, of Peter and Gertrude.
Abraham Bowen, of John and Jane.
Christina Bowen, of John and Jane.
Jehoiakim Johnson, of Ralph and Elizabeth.
Jacob Sykes, of Jacob and Catherine.
Abraham Wintermute, of Benjamin and Hannah.
Elizabeth Anguish, of Henry and Elizabeth.
Daniel Bowen, of Cornelius and Rebecca. ^
John Lawer, of Peter and Elizabeth.
Peter Wintermute, of Peter and Eve.
Charles Anchor, of Frederick and Magdaline.
April 18. Margaret Clement, of John Putman and Mary.
26. William Wilson, of Thomas and Susannah.
27. Abraham Homing, of riper years.
Jacob Ryman, of William and Barbara.
Philip Ryman, of William and Barbara.
Catherine Lampman, of Mathias and Eve.
Joseph Long, of Jacob and Mary. |
John Cribbs, of Philip and Ann. y <J
Henry Beasley, of Richard and Hannah. |
Christina Bowman, of Abraham and Dorithy. c:
Christina Cribbs, of Aaron and Elizabeth. ^
Margaret Springer, of John and Sarah. t
William Reynolds, of Caleb and Rachel. ^
David Rejoiolds, of Caleb and Rachel. |
Sarah, Reynolds, of Caleb and Rachel. j g
Catherine Alms, of Christian and Magdalane.
Christina Smith, of Henry and Mar}'.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 11
April 28. John Price, of John and Esther.
Mary Davis, of Thomas and Deborah.
May 2. Martha Parslow, of William and Catherine.
5. Catherine Barrow, of William and Mary.
Mary Molynoz, of W^illiam and Ann.
12. Priscilla Bassey, of Robert and Mary.
John Read, of William and Catherine.
19. Jane Crooks, of Francis and Elizabeth.
26. Elizabeth Bassey, of Jacob and Elizabeth.
27. Francis Fryder, of Francis and Maif^arei
June 5. Mar^ Smith, of David William and Ann.
David Smith, of David William and Ann.
12. Mary Camden, of William and Elizabeth.
16. John Jones, of John and Jane.
July 14. William Bamnp, of John and Lydia.
Ann Davidson, of John and Catherine.
23. George Bennet, of Francis and Catherine.
John Robson, of James and Mary.
Aug. 4. Elizabeth Collinson, of Thomas and Mary.
Sept. 2. Mary Young, of Henry and Phebe.
Oct. 12. John Butler, of Thomas and Ann.
13. Hannah Brown, of Samuel and Margaret
"^•^ ''• S^ld^nTmesl-'Wrn Holmes -r^^^f^'^*'^"^!^^
Maria Holmes, j »°d his wife.
22. Catherine Bradt, of Minor and Catherine.
Nov. 8. Elizabeth Lutes, of George and Hannah.
Margaret Crookshanks, of Peter and Catherine.
19. Catherine Moleny, of James and Mary.
24. Mary Ann Clarke, of William and Jane.
Ellen Callaghan, of James and Mary.
Dec. 22. Mary Roark, of Thomas and Mary.
29. J. Buchanan, of Dr. and Mrs. McCaulcy.
N.B. — The Dr. is called James and his wife Elizabeth.
RoBT. Addison.
Minister of Niagara,
1794.
Jan. 1. William James Sheehan, of Walter Butler and Elizabeth.
13. John Allan, son of a private in the 5th Regt.
Mathias W^oodlev, of George and Christina.
Feb. 5. Adam Young, of Daniel and Elizabeth, of the Grand River.
10. Hetty Slingerland, of Richard and Elizabeth.
Cloi Slingerland, of Walter and Jemima.
11. Catelina Butler, of Andrew and Ann.
26. Angelica House, of John and Christina.
Christina Anger, of Charles and Abigail.
March 1. Henry Browne, of Joseph and Rebecca.
2. William Joyner, of Timothy and Mary,
3. Peter Van Every, of Samuel and Hannah.
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12 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
March 6. David Beasley, of Richard and Henrietta (Head of tlie Lake).
Margaret Fairchild, of Benjamin and Mary.
Benjamin File, of John and Sarah.
Ellin Young, wife of Abraham.
John Young, of Abraham and Ellin.
Catherine Young, of Abraham and Ellin.
Henry Young, of Daniel and Elizabeth.
Dorothy Young, of Daniel and Elizabeth.
Elizabeth Young, of Daniel and Elizabeth.
Peter Young, of Henry and Phebe.
William McDonell, \
Elizabeth McDonell, V of John and Christina.
Christr. McDonell, j
Elizabeth McDonell, ) e m. - l u jo
John McDonell, } ^^ Christopher and Susan.
William Cook, of Nicholas and Mai^ret.
Jacob Whitsell, \
Catherine Whitsell, >of Christian and Rachel
Elizabeth Whitsell, j
Qeorge Henry Dockstedder, of George and Catherine.
William Gamer, of William and Mary.
10. Samuel Heaslip, of John and Mary.
John Chrysler, of John and Martha.
Sarah Chrysler, of John and Martha.
Jacob Steinhoff, of John and Hannah.
Anna Steinhoff, of John and Hannah.
Elizabeth Ueaslip, of Jos. and Ann.
11. William Stevens, of Aaron and Mary.
Margaret Stevens, of Aaron and Mary^
16. Samuel Hamilton, of Robert and Catherina
12. Elizabeth Hotiman, of Michael and Elizabeth.
22. John Haynes, of Daniel and Lydia.
Maria McNabb, of Colin and Eliza.
April 5. Frederick Marcle Picard, of Benj. and Mary.
12. John Van Every, of Samuel and Ann.
20. William McGee, of William and Cicily.
27. John Lowson, of soldier in the 5th Regt
28. Martha Clandenin Mathews, of Jonathan and Ann.
May 7. Clement, of Joseph and Margaret
June 7. James Walker, of Samuel and Sarah, of the 5th R^^
8. Mary Derby, of George and Margaret.
9. Mary Peckard (fiL pop.).
16. Catherine Van Alstyne, of Jacob and Charity.
Thomas Paxton, of Cap. and his wife.
29. Peter 0*Carr, of Peter and Mary.
30. John Ellis, of John and Sarah.
John Morden Field, of Gilbert and Ellin.
July 5. William David Smith, of David William and Ann.
8. Henry Pawling, of Benjamin and Susan.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BT REV. ROBSHT ADDISON. 13
July 8. Ellin Pawling, of Benjamin and Susan.
Peter Ten Broeck Pawlinfj^, of Jepe and Gertrude.
Magdaline Secord, of Solomon and Margaret
G^^d^^*^' } of Catherine LitchmanC/U. pop.).
Aug. 17. Jane Richardson, of Robert and Magdaline.
19. John Birch, of Thomas and Isabella.
Sept 8. Cloe, a mulatto.
16. , wife of Henry Johnson.
22. Ann Ridout, of Thomas and his wife Mary.
23. Robert Casson, of Henry and Joanna.
28. John McNabb, of John and Isabella.
Oct 15. Ellin Decker, of Thomas and Marv.
27. Elizabeth Ck)eby, of George and Mary.
Nov. 30. John Charles Ainen, of John Ueoflrey and Mary.
Oct 27. Sophia Holmes, of Wm. Holmes, surgeon of 5th R^^, and
1795. his wife.
Jan. 10. Jemima Clement, of John and Mary.
Samuel Thompson Clement, of James and Catherine.
14. Elizabeth Eitson, of John and Margaret
25. Magdalen Scram, of Frederick and Angelica.
26. Peter Bastiddo, of David and Elizabeth.
29. Hannah Catherine Clench, of Ralfe and Elizabeth.
Feb. 9. George William Lawe, of Georm and Elizabeth.
14. Frederick House, of James and Catherine.
Frederick Anger, of Frederick and Magdaline.
Christina House, of James and Catherine.
March 1. Adam Bowman, of Abraham and Dorothy.
Margaret Chrysler, of Jno. and Elizabeth.
John Woodley, of George and Christina.
John Haynes, of Adam and FJizabeth.
Mary Crooks^ of Francis and Elizabeth.
David Bradt, of Peter and Mary.
Israel Birch, of riper yeara
Anna Eenerick.
Dorcas Kenerick.
Walter Bradt, of CoL Andrew and .
Robert McNabb, of Allen and .
William Munson Jarvis, of William and Hannah.
Isaac Bradt, of Christian and Elizabeth.
Elizabeth Basset, of Major and his wife, of the 5th Regt
Ebenezer Witney, of Peter and his wife Margaret
William Wilson.
John Butler Muirhead, of James and Deborah.
Elizabeth Jane McNabb, of John and Isabella.
Mary Ann Clement, of Joseph and Margaret
24.
April 19.
May 3.
7.
July
16.
■"-.i^;
22.
Sept
6.
13.
Oct
9.
16.
DecL
13.
1796.
Mar.
21.
May
10.
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14 ONTAIUO HlbTOBlCAL SOCIETY.
June 19. Joseph Atwell Small, of John and Elizabeth.
26. Ralph Morden Chrysler, of John and Elizabeth.
David McFall Field, of Gilbert and EUen.
John Johnson Browne, of Joseph and Rebecca.
Catherine Stephens, of Aaron and Mary.
Mary Mar^ret Clarke, of James and Elizabeth.
John Murray Marcle, of John and Margaret
Alexander Stewart Thompson, of Archibald and Elizabeth.
Jean Hamilton, of Robert and Catherine.
John Meddaugh.
Mary Boarmaster, of John Henry and Mary.
John Richardson, of Robert and Magdaline.
Benjamin Merritt Pawling, of Benj. and Susan.
Hamilton Merritt
Ely Pawling Birch, of Israel and Deborah.
Henry Callat, of Henry and Ann.
Mary Ridout, of Thomas and Mary.
Mary Elizabeth Clement, of John and Mary.
Sarah Whitney, of Peter and Margaret
Lay ton Pawling, of Jesse and Qeitrude.
Walter Butler, of Thomas and Ann.
Henry Sheehan, of Walter B. and Elizabeth.
Rachael Springer, of John and Sarah.
John Donald McKay, of John and Margaret
23. Mary Elizabeth Peters, of William B. and Martha.
Jane MTarland, of John and . •
80. Ann Kerr Clench, ) * t> i* j T?r u xu
Euretta Johnson Clench. [ ^^ ^'^^ '^^ Elizabeth.
Ellin McNabb, of John and Isabella.
Thomas Waddel, of Francis and Jane.
Maria Merritt, of Thomas and Mary.
Hannah Owen Jarvis, of William and Hannah.
&h"S^1»"'««p "■""»"""•
Ann Howard Crampton, of John and Ann.
Daniel Bradt, of Peter and Mercy.
Mary Ann Lawe, of George and Elizabeth.
Alexander Stewart, of Alexander and Jemima.
Joseph Walter Butler, of Andrew and Ann.
George StuU {from the IQ-MUe Creek).
Robert Ross, of John and Elizabeth.
Henrv William Nelles, of Abraham and Catherine.
S'is wSisT""'} °'^»°»"'"«^"-
William Adams of George and Phcbe
Sept
25.
Oct
7.
9.
27.
Dec
12.
25.
1797.
Jan.
6.
6.
10.
22.
28.
March 6.
19.
April
23.
May
24.
July
2.
12.
20.
Aug.
9.
20.
Oct
1.
22.
•24.
Nov.
12.
26.
Dec.
15.
17.
24.
1798.
Jaa
18.
14.
19.
Feb.
22.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAQABA, BT REV. BOBEBT ADDI80S. 15
Felx 22. Joseph Wilson, of John and Jane.
March 4. Ellin McNabb, of Colin and Elixa.
7. ^Augusta Clans, of Cap. William and CaUierine.
15. Loms James ClementC of James and Catherine.
April 10. John Woodley, of John and Catherine.
22. John Blakeley. of William and Dorithy.
Geoi^ Rodney Hind, of Thos and Majry.
May 20. John D^^gan, of Cornelias and Nancy.
July 29. Donald Qrant, of Donald and Sarah.
George Bradt, of Minard and Catherine.
Aug. 30. James Mnirhead, of John and Elizabeth.
Sepi 9. Joseph Hamilton, of Hon. Robt. and Mary.
16. Bland, of Roger and Sarah.
20. Junes Clement, of John and Mary.
Adam Chirsler, of John and Elizabeth.
30. James Miller, of William and Margery.
Oct 8. Elizabeth Anna Clarke, of James and Elizabeth.
14. Mai^ Oakley, of Johnathan and Mary.
NoY. 11. Christopher Yates Bntler, of Johnson and Eve
18. Rebecca Slingerland, of Qarret and ElizabetL
Dec 2. John Read Ten Broeck, of Jacob and Priscilla.
26. WiUiam Michael Ball, of Peter and Elizabeth.
Jacob Hntt, of Adam and Dorothea.
30. Robert Richardson, of Robert and Magdalane.
1799.
Jan. 20. Mai^ O'Carr, of Peter and Manr.
Feb. 24 Jemima Clement, of Joseph and Margaret
March 2. John White Pawling, of Jesse and Qertmde.
10. John Slingerland, of Tunis and his wife.
14. Elizabeth Ann Haynes, of Joseph and Ann.
Catherine Amelia Warren, of Henry and Catherine.
Qeorge Ulrich Revardi, of the Major and his Lady (Am. off.)
16. John Camer, of George and Christina.
May 4. Esther Haynes, of John and Elizabeth.
Nicholas William Pecard, of Benjamin.
26. Alice Howell, of John and Ann.
Duncan Campbell, of John and Catherina
June 18. Henry Givens, of Lt. James and Angelica.
19. Harrot Eunice Albertina Peters, of William B. and
Patty Maria.
iSSKSSi^y, } »' •"-» «»•> ^^<^
16. Ann Shaw, of Hon. MnesB and Ann.
24. Allen Napier McNabb, of Allen and
Ridout, son of Thomas and Mary.
* Qyit. WilliMn CUas, aoa of Duiiel CUoi, SuperintezHlent of Indians and son-in-law
of Sir William Johnson.
I
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10 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
July 21. Joseph Brant Sheehan, of Walter B. and Elizabeth.
Uldah Whitney, df Peter and Margaret
23. Alexander Robinson McKay, of John and Margaret
28. Sarah Adams, of Thomas and Margaret
c:3.S c?£: }«"<"■» "«"^'»"'-
Aug. 25. Joseph Stephens, of Aaron and Mary.
Sept 22. Richard Henry Secord, of Stephen and Hannah.
Oct 22. George Purvis, of Qeorge and Ann.
John William Gamble, of John and Isabella Elisa.
27. William Stuart, of Alexander and Jemima.
Nov. 25. John Aaron Bellinger, of Jacob and Elizabeth.
RoBSRT Addison,
Minister of Niagara,
Dec. 8. James K. Blakeley, of William and Dorithy.
Catherine Henry, of Dominick and Mary.
15. Thomas Otway, of Mary McDonell (fiZ. pop*)-
20. Alexander McNabb, of John and Isabella.
24. Anna Smith (of riper years).
John Smith, ^
PhcBbe Smith, )
Phoebe Main (of riper years).
l,|of,
John Caldwell,
Elizabeth Caldwell, ^ of John and Hannah.
Mary Caldwell,
29. Elias Smith Adams, of George and Phoebe.
Robert Addison,
1 800. Minister of Niagara.
Jan. 19. Cornelia Canute, of Henry and Ann.
26. Mary Hoffinan, of Michael and Elizabeth.
Ann (or And.) Kemp, of David and Rebecca.
Feb. 11. Maria Elizabeth Melles, of Abraham and Catherine.
22. Warren, of Henry and Catherine.
24. Sarah McFarland, of John and Margaret
March 3. John Qreenset, of Robert and Hannah.
5. Warner Henry Nelles, of Warner and Elizabeth.
29. Peter Hunter Hamilton, of Hoa Robert and Mary.
Peggy, a Mulatto (filia popvU),
April 13. Thomas Nuckle, of Thomas and Catherine.
Qeorge St Ledger, a soldier's child.
27. Priscilla Stuart Clench, of Ralfe and Elizabeth.
Qeorge Robert Smith, of Francis and Carolina.
May 12. Jas. Wm. Osgood Clarke, of James and Elizabeth.
18. John Johnson Claus, of Capt William and Catherine.
26. John Sidney Johnson, of John and Margaret
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BAPTISMS IN NIAOAKA, BY KEY. ROBERT ADDiSON.
17
June
10.
July
24.
31.
Aug.
17.
31.
Sept
10.
14.
Oct 3.
4
19.
Dec.
14.
17.
1801.
Jan.
11.
25.
Feb.
2.
11.
12.
20.
22.
23.
March 8.
April 5.
19.
July 5.
Alexander Elmsley, of Hon. Jolin and Mary.
George Barclay Small, of John and Elizabeth.
Caroline Givens, of Lieut. James and Angelica.
Mary Hatt, of Richard and Mary {from Anaister).
Margaret Sophia Clement, of John and Mary.
Margaret Stuart, of James and Kezia.
Margaret Thompson Butler, of Andrew and Ann.
John Bright, \
Mary Bright, >- of Lewis and Margaret
Elizabeth Bright, j
John Peter Conrade Shoultez, of John and Catherine.
Immanuel Bradt, of Minard and Catherine.
Immanuel Slingerland, of Richard and Elizabeth.
Robert Gray, of Andrew and Mary.
Catherine Muir, of John and Margaret.
Jacob Cockel, of Peter and Elizal^th.
Ann Cockel, of George and Elizabeth.
Alexander McDonell, of Col. John and Uellen.
John Barton of Arthur and SaraL
James Whitten, of James and Catherine.
Eliza, of Eliza Bradshaw (JUia popvli).
J(^m Alexander Dickson, of Thomas and EUiza.
Margaret McKay, of John and Margaret.
David Morrison, of John and Mary.
Robt Neach, of John and Margaret
Richard Oakley, of Jonathan and Mary.
John Hazleton Johnson, of John and Margaret
John Hoffinan, of Michael and Elizabeth.
Mary Anger, of Frederick and Mary Magdalane.
Catherine House, of John and Christina.
Jacob Hofiman, of Jacob and Anna.
Nicholas Hoffman, of Jacob and Anna.
Comalia Coltman, of John and Elizabeth.
Sophia Weishulm, of Henry and Jane.
Joseph Haynes, of Joseph and Ann.
Mary Haynes, of Nathaniel and Lydia.
Margaret Douglas, of Alexander and Margaret
Margaret Muirhead, of John and Elizabeth.
Margaret Stuart, of Alexander and Jemima.
Laura Slingerland, of Garret and Elizabeth.
Enos Uonett, of Eno.s and Jane.
Sophia Miller, of William and Margery ) m •
Louisa Miller, of William and Margeiy f ^^^^®-
Rosaimah Devenish, of William and Jane.
Xancy Greeusit, of Robei-t and Ann.
Samuel Thompson Stephens, of Aaron and Mary.
Anna Maria Lafforty, of John J. and Mary.
David, sou of Isaac, a ilohawk Indian.
2
}«
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IH ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Catherine Loudon, of Bartholomew and Mary.
Alexander Frederick Tyler, of Isaac and Lucinda Carolina
Anthony Woodley, of Geoi^ and Catherine.
Thomas Dial McKenny, of Amos and Jemima.
John Riley, of Marlow and Elinor.
Andrew Wimple, of Henry and Lydia.
Ralph Fields, of Gilbert and Ellin.
Margaret Nelles, of Abraham and Catherine.
Charlotte Ann Blakeley, of Sergt. William and Dorithy.
William Campbell, of George and Elizabeth.
John Bellinger, of Michael and Mary.
Eliza Symington, of John and Elizabeth.
Frances Everet, of Abner and Catherine.
Catherine Campbell, of John and Catherine.
Robert Goodwin, of Charles and Martha.
William Goodwin, of Charles and Martha.
Ann Butler Clement, of John and Mary.
Elizabeth Alexander, of John and M. Christina.
James Duncan McNabb, of John and Isabella.
Donald Fuller, of Donald and Charlotte.
Esther Markle, of Frederick and Rebecca.
Mary Markle, of Frederick and Rebecca.
Jacob Nelles, of John and Delia,
Susannah Merritt, of Thomas and Mary.
Mary Ann Gisso, of Charles and Mary.
Maria Jemima Backhouse, of 'ohn and Margaret
Henry Backhouse, of John and Jane.
Nancy Moore Backhouse, of John and Jane.
Elizabeth Simons, of Bastion and Margaret.
Abraham Miller, of Andrew and Hannah.
Andrew Butler, of Thomas and Ann.
John Tunnadine Lawe, of George and Elizabeth.
21. Mary Elizabeth Saunderson, of Robert and Margaret
Elizabeth Ball, of Peter and Elizabeth.
Catherine Brian, of James and Eliza.
April] 11. John Hamilton, of Hon. Robert and Mary.
22. Andrew Heron Thompson, of Robert and Ellin.
Mary Thompson, of Robert and Ellin.
Elizabeth Thompson, of Robert and Ellin.
Joseph D. Clement of Joseph and Margaret.
May 2 X William Henry Nelles, of William and Margaret
John Thomas, of John and Ellin
2. *John Baptiste Rousseau, of John Baptiste and Peggy,
16. Sarah Riley, of Sergt. Marlow and Ellin.
24. James Henry, of Dominick and Mary.
July 25. Edward Nuckle, of Thomas and Catherine.
Aug. 8. Susan Pawling, of Benjamin and Susan.
* A natiye of France and interpreter to Brant.
Aug.
16.
17.
Sept
6.
13.
20.
Oct.
1.
17.
28.
Nov.
15.
23.
Dec.
2.
6.
20.
22.
1802.
Jan.
4.
10.
13.
19.
26.
2a
31.
Fob.
8.
26.
March 1.
2.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BY RET. ROBERT ADDISON. 19
Aug. 8. Susan Sarasan, of Baptist and Ann.
15. Ann Needham, of William and Catherine.
29. Duncan McFarland, of John and .
Sept. 5. Rebecca Bradshaw, {jil>, pop.)
Oct. 7. Richard Smith, of John and Elizabeth.
William Lewis Smith, of Elias and Catherine.
Sarah Smith, of Elias and Catherine.
Deborah Clow, of David and Deborah.
Richard Clow, of David and Deborah.
Stephen Alexander Secord, of Stephen and Hannah.
17. George Hill Sheehan. of Walter B. and Eliza Philippa.
Clarissa, a Negro girl.
Nov. 4. William Bowman (^i. pop.).
11. Anna Marr, of Alam and Catherine.
Francis Marr, of Alam and Catherine.
Philip Bender, of Jolm and Mary.
25. Julia Caroline Claus, of Capt. William and Catherine.
Dec. 26. Thomas Whitton, of James and Catherine.
81. John Andrew Butler, of Andrew and Ann.
1803.
Jan. 9. Susannah Harden, of Thomas and Hannah.
19. Thomas Eden Blackwell, of Capt NatL's B. B.and Jane.
Peter Wepill Ten Broeck, of Jacob and Priscilla.
Mar. 20. Charles Forbes, of Capt. Thomas John and Eliza (R. Art'y.)
27. Elizabeth Coles, of John and Bridget.
Elizabeth Mobbs, of John and Penelope.
April 3. George Tumey, of George and Nancy (lO-MUe Creek).
24. Mary Slingerland, of Richard and Elizabeth.
Mary Ann Greensett, of Robert and Ann.
William Bradt, of Minard and Catherine.
Archibald Ferris Ryand, of Charles and Bathsheba.
May " 1. Susan Hatt, of Richard, Esq., and Mary (Head of Lake).
15. William King Merithew, of Benjamin and Ann.
Johnathan Fuller, of Daniel and Charlotte.
21. Abraham Ryerse Stewart Leger.
June 14. John Wilson, of John and Jane.
July 3. Ann Lyford, of Charles and Bridget
Aug. 9. Jacob Barninger, of Jacob and Elizabeth.
Nicholas Barninger, of Michael and Mary.
Susan Barninger, of Michael and Mary.
Sept. 11. John Gardiner, of John and Mary.
18. Ann Needham, of William and Catherine.
20. Mary Hamilton, of Hon. Robert and Mary.
21. Andrew Bums, of Andrew and Deborah.
25. Elizabeth Dunmass, of Peter and Elizabeth.
Mary Ann Anderson, of Alexander and Elizabeth.
Margaret Anderson, of Alexander and Elizabeth.
Anthony Slingerland, of Garret and Elizabeth.
John Kennady, of John and Ann.
Oct. 2. Horatio Jones, of George and Catherine.
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20 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Oct. 2. Benjamin Jones, of George and Catherine.
16. Maria Emeiy, of William and Mary.
Michael Kain, of Michael and Elizabeth.
23. Mary Eliza Catherine Gesso, of Charles and Mary.
Thomas Brown, of John and Sarah.
30. John Jones, of Isaac and Elizabeth.
Nov. 20. Elizabeth Butcher, of Tliomas and Charlotte.
27. Mary Margaret, of John and Jane.
Dec. 14. Mary Stewart, of Alexander and Jemima.
18. Catherine Aarell, of Christian and Margaret
21. Hannah Grant, of Calvin and Elizabeth.
25. Jane Eliza Hatter, of John and Anna Magdelina.
1804.
Jan. 7. William Gamer, of George and ChristincL
15. Charlotte Ryan, of Charles and Bathsheba.
Elizabeth Devenish, of William and Jane.
22. Mary Wilson Douglas, of Alexander and Margaret
23. William Muirhead, of John and Elizabeth (Chippauu),
Catherine Warren, of Henry and Catherine.
Mar. 18. Joseph Convaley, of John and Margaret
30. Hugn McGennis, of Barnard and Mary.
May 4. Henry Brant Staats, (JiL pop. — Grand River).
Ellen Prisciila Nelles, of Abraham and Catherine.
Elizabeth Nelles, of Robert and Elizabeth. ^■
Elizabeth Lawrence, of William and Anna.
13. John McBride, of Peter and Ann.
21. James Brown, of James and Mary.
John Brown, of James and Mary.
Jane Brown, of James and Mary.
James Udell of John and Margaret.
Civtherine Udell, of John and Margaret
23. Eliza Jane Henry, of Dominick and Mary.
27. Thomas Butler, of Andrew and Ann.
June 10. Mary Smith, of Daniel and Mary.
21. Elias Durham, of James and Mary.
Catherine Durham, of James and Mary.
Isaac Durham, of James and Mary.
Sarah Durham, of James and Mary.
Ann Durham, of James and Mary.
Elizabeth Durham, of James and Mary.
Elizabeth Clow (of riper years).
Elias Smith, of Elias, sen., and Catherine.
Mary Durham Smith, of Elias, sen., and Catherine.
Solomon Secord Smith, of Elias and Ann.
James Field, of Gilbert and Ellin.
Ann Clow, of Duncan and Elizabeth.
24. Johnson Butler, of Thomas and Ann.
July 15. Alexander Riley, of Martha and Ellin.
27. Alexander Douglas, of Alexander and Margaret {Fort Erie).
29. James Spear, of James and Mary Ann.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGAUA, BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 21
Au^. 11. Jacob Antonius Anger, of James and Abigail.
19. Eloisa Matilda Forbes, of Capt. Thos. J. and Eliza.
Jane Wilson, of John and Jane.
Julia Ann Secord, of Stephen and Ann.
26. Mary Margaret Saunderson, of Robert and Margaret
Sept. 9. Elizabeth Haynes, of Nathaniel and Elizabeth.
Abraham Secord, of Keziah and Sarah.
Isaac Secord, of Keziah and Sarah.
Daniel Secord, of Keziah and Sarah.
Elizabeth Secord, of Keziah and Sarah.
Mary Secord, of Keziah and Sarah.
Oct. 28. Catherine Oberholtzer (of riper years).
Nov. 11. John McKay, of John and Ann.
John Wheeler, of Peter and Jane.
18. John Robert Shelier, of William and Mary.
Dec 9. Thomas Drye, of William and Mary.
25. William Simon Shaw, of John and Mary.
Mary Ann Shields, of William and Susan.
1805.
Jan. 18. Richard Cockril, of Richard and Mary.
Mary Baker, of Reuben and Temperance Cof riper years).
21. Catherine Beach, of Michael and Elizabeth.
22. Ann Eliza Waters, of James and Catherine.
25. Robert Clench, of Ralfe and Elizabeth.
Benjamin Clench, of Ralfe and Elizabeth.
Eliza Clench, of Ralfe and Elizabeth.
Mar. 24. William Moore, of Lawrence and Frances.
John Suttle, of John and Margaret.
Mary Marshall, of Alexander and Mary.
James Jones, of Isaac and Elizabeth.
31. Caroline Jane Eve Gesso, of Charles and Mary.
Warren Claua, of Capt. William and Catherine.
James Fred Heniy Dennis, of James and Sarah Lucia.
Apr. 15. Sophia, of Mary McDonell (Jilia populi).
21. Elizabeth Kennady. of John and Ann.
28. Joseph Oallineau, of Joseph and Editha.
Mary Ann Chitley, of Francis and Elizabeth.
Sarah Secord, of Isaac and Caroline Magt. Martha.
Anthony Francoeur, of Antoine and Amiabla
May 12. Ambrose Hofiman, of Conrad and Abigail.
Catherine Devaulx Margt. De Farcy, of Ambrose and Ellin.
19. Jessie Gillis, of Elias and Rebecca.
Jane Fuller, of David and Elizabeth.
Margaret Haynes, of Nathaniel and Lydia.
23. David La Ville, of Daniel and Charlotte.
June 16. Elizabeth Campbell of John and Catherine.
Jane Campbell, of John and Catherine.
23. Esther Convoy, of Johnathan and Margarei
26. Mary Phoenix, of Margaret Read (JiL pop.),
30. John Steins, of Sergt.-Major of the 24th and his wife.
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22 ONTARIO HISTORIC AI. SOCIETY.
July 4. Catherine Sheiler, of John and Mary.
Aug. 4. Augustus McArthur Tyler, of Isaac and Lucinda Caroline.
Caroline Matilda Tyler, of Isaac and Lucinda Caroline.
14. Mar^ Jane Ann Eliza Shorty of Major William Charles and
18. Jemima Jane Clarke, of James and Elizabeth. [Margaret
John Hare Fairchild, of Benjamin and Maty.
Eliza Jane Emery, of John and Jane.
25. John Hatter, of John and Anna Magdelina.
Sept 4. Robert Oreensitt, of Robert and Anna.
Mary Ann Cox, of Samuel and Barbara
8. Joseph Squires, of Isaac and Mary Ann.
Nov. 16. Elizabeth firadshaw (of riper years).
17. Mary Ann Forsyth, of George and Catherine.
Dec 25. Mar^ Camp, of Burgoin and Elizabeth.
29. Lydia Mary Carpenter, of John and Diana.
John William Carpenter, of John and Diana.
1806.
Jan. 12. Julia Beauprd, of Francis and Josette.
15. James Aristiow, of Michael and Mary.
26. * Walter Hamilton Dickson, of William and Charlotte.
Mar. 9. f Edward Clark Campbell, of Major Donald and Elizabeth.
14. Catherine Bo wick, of Frederick and Eve.
16. Charles Gallineau Ryan, of Charles and Bathsheba.
Johnathan Merithew, of Benjamin and Ann.
23. Thomas Needham, of William and Catherine.
30. Barbara De Potie, of Michael and Margaret
Margaret Thompson, of John and Bridget
April 20. Mary McKindle, of Thomas and Mary.
22. John McOrath, of William and Charity.
23. Ann Symington, of John and Elizabeth.
May 2. Ann Draper Hatt, of Richard, Esq., and Mary (Ancaater),
4. Ann Jane Ten Broeck, of Jacob and Prisdlla.
11. William Shelier, of William and Marv Augusta.
June 2. Abraham Nelles, of Robert and Elizaoeth.
Maria Elizabeth Ball, of George and Catherine.
John Pettit Bridgman, of Thomas and Deborah.
Andrew Pettit Muir, of Andrew and Ann.
Jhonathan Hixon, of Henry and Rachel.
Sarah Barber, of Mathias and Mary.
Levina Smith, of Benjamin and Catherine.
Hannah Smith, of Joseph and Margaret
Margaret Lonckulin, of Francis and Mary Ann.
Sarah Lawrence, of William and Anna.
Jane Anderson, of Charles and Anna.
Anna Anderson, of Charles and Anna.
Martha Carpenter, of Alexander and Elizabeth.
Elizabeth Carpenter, of Alexander and Elizabeth.
Catherine Carpenter, of Alexander and Elizabeth.
Alexander Carpenter, of Alexander and Elizabeth.
* Late Senator Dickson. t Afterwards Judge CampbeU.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 23
June 8. Ann Norman, of Dennis and Margaret.
Phebe Ruby, of Sawyer and Mary.
13. Catherine Weaver, of John and Mary.
John Weaver, of John and Mary.
July 8. Mary Benner, of Jacob and Mary.
13. Helen Eliza Butler, of Johnson and Susan.
27. Mary McDonell, of Archibald and Elizabeth.
Aug. 10. M. Lapsley {fil, pop.)
17. Margaret Freel, of Hugh and Ann.
31. John Taylor, of John and Lucy.
Sept. 11. John Douglas, of Alexander and Margaret.
Horatio Nelson Warren, of Henry and Catherine.
Charles Barnard Fleming, of David and Mary.
James Cummins, of Thomas and Elizabeth.
24. Peter Dunmass, of Peter and Elizabeth.
28. Bridget Maria Slingerland, of Garret and Elizabeth.
Charles Bunnel Samuel Sinclair De Farcy, of Ambrose and
Ellin (French Refugee).
Oct. 11. Jemima Merithew, of Benjamin and Ann.
21. Catherine Sheefeldt, of Qasper and Catherine.
Eliza Deal, of Zecharias and Catherine.
26. Valentine Lewis, of Philip and Mary.
Nov. 16. Sophia Qray, of Thomas and Hannah (41st Regt).
Dec 19. Charles Caldifield Saunders {fiiius popvU).
William Bayley, of James and Ann (41st).
25. Charles Lewis Vigoreux, of Henry and Eliza (RL Engrs.).
Andrew Claskey Brown Cole, of James and Jane.
26. John Garret Fitzgerald, of Dennis and Mejna (41st).
1807.
Jan. 6. Abraham Barninger, of Michael and Mary.
Isaac Barninger, of Michael and Mary.
18. Alexander Secord, of Isaac and Caroline Mag. Mart
19. Mary Gunn, of William and Isabella.
Edward Daniel Wilson, of William and Sarah.
Philip Anger, of Charles and Abigail.
Charles Near, of Henry and Elizabeth.
25. Peter Ball Nelles, of William and Margaret (iO-MUe Creek).
Mar. 13. Jhonathan Woolverton Moore, of Fierce and Orpha.
17. Mary Secord, of John and Susan.
John Wertman Secord, of Daniel and Rachel.
Francis Gore Swayz^, of Isaac and Ellin.
19. James Yrooman, of Adam and Margaret.
Joseph Brown, of Joseph and Rebecca.
Andrew Brown, of Joseph and Rebecca.
Catherine Brown, of Joseph and Rebecca.
Nathan Fields, of Gilbert and Ellin.
April 7. Richard Campbell Proctor, of Col. Henry and Elizabeth (4l8t).
Ann Bleamire Campbell, of Lieut. Patrick and Sarah.
19. Henry Adams, of John and Elizabeth.
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24 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
26. Sarah Facer, of Henry and Sarah.
Phebe Facer, of Henry and Sarah.
Rachel Facer, of Henry and Sarah.
May 10. John, of a Ne^o girl {filiua popiUi),
19. John De Witt, of Williatm and Mary.
Elizabeth Muirhead, of James and Bathsheba.
June 9. Annabella Clans, of Capt. William and Catherine.
28. Elizabeth Wilhelmina Qesso, of Charles and Mary.
July 8. Samuel Price Hatt, of Richard, Esq., and Mary (Ancaster\
12. Roswell Mathews, of Roswell and Hannah.
26. William Henry Durham, of Thomas and Ann.
Robert Field, of Charles and Rose.
Charles Chambers, of William and Mary.
Aug. 16. John Friezman, of John and Maria.
Charlotte Newstead, of Michael and Bridget
23. William Smith, of John and Sarah.
27. Mary Eliz <beth Fuller, of Daniel and Charlotte.
30. Margaret Emery, of William and Mary.
Sept 6. John Rapeiji Vanallan, of Henry and Winifred.
Henry Vanallan Rapeiji, of Abraham and Sarah.
Hellen Rapeiji, of Abraham and Sarah.
Henry Bostwick Williams, of Jhonathan and Mary.
Richard Woolson Bowlby, of Thomas and Sarah.
Henry Williams Bostwick, of Henry and Ann.
William Claus Hartshorn McAlister, of Samuel and
Elizabeth.
Joseph Kerr Parks, of William and Abigail.
George Ryersd Williams, of John and Netty.
Harriot Ryersd. of Joseph and Mehitahle, his wife.
M. Eklwy Ryers^ of Joseph and Mehitable, his wife.
Samuel Hunt Parks, of William and Abigail.
Oct 4. George Clement, of James and Catherine.
Peter Ball Clement, of John and Mary.
21. Maria Turner, of John and Mary.
Nov. 14. Catherine Heiser, of Dennis and Elizabeth.
15. James McBride, of Peter and Eliza.
Jane Cushman, of James and Mary.
22. Deborah Hostitter, of Harman and Ann.
29, Mary Freel, of James and Ann.
Dec 3. Hellen Dickson, of Thomas, Esq., and Archange.
20. Margaret Bradt, of Minard and Catherina
23. Elizabeth West, of Dr. Jos. , surgeon to Am. Gar., and Elizabeth.
1808.
Jan. 10. Harriot Easterbrook, of John and Julia (41st Regt)
11. John Needham, of William and Catherine (R. Artillery).
Jacob Near, of Jacob and Margaret (from Fort Erie),
17. John Dorland Smith, of Isaac and Elizabeth. ^ ^•$'
Elizabeth Priscilla Anderson, of Charles and Ann. I ^J
John Pettit Barber, of Mathias and Margaret j |jj
Sarah Moore, of Jhonnthan and ^Inrtha. J ^S
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 25
Mar. 27. John Angus Campbell, of Donald and Elimibeth (Fori Major).
April 17. Samuel Colahan, of Thomas and Catherine.
24. John Thomas Morgan Freel, of Hu<^h and Anna
May 3. Eliza Anna Maria Vigoureux, of Capt Henry (R. Engineers)
and Eliza.
♦ God-father, Revd. Lewis Vigoureux.
Qod-mothers, Dowager Lady Spencer 1 g rj^oxv
and Anna Maria Vigoureux. j ^ P /•
8. Ellen Field, of Charles and Rose.
Peter Francoeur, of Antoine and Amiable.
15. Sarah Margaret Buckingham McOee, of Alexander and Sarah.
June 5. Joseph Page, of Jesse and Elizabeth.
12. Henry Lewis, of Philip and Mary.
God-fathers, Lieut. Bullock, Geo. Clark.
God-mother, Sarah Clark.
21. William Aug. Anger, of Augustus and Rosina.
Margaret Creger, of William and Christina.
Anna Catherine Creger, of William and Christina.
July 10. Alexander McDonell, of Archibald and Elizabeth.
31. James Price Dew, of Edmund and Grape (41st Regt.)
Aug. 14. Catherine Ranson Bingle, of Samuel and Maria
21. Sarah Hanson, of Thomas and Mary.
Amos Sherwood McKenny, of James and Jemima.
Sept. 6. Mary McBean, of James and Mary.
God-father, George Rimshaw.
God-mothers, Margaret Taylor, Ann Durham.
7. Elizabeth Parson (of riper years).
Mary Ann Nelles, of Robert and Elizabeth.
11. Richard Butler, of Johnson and Susan.
Antoine, of Charlotte Francoeur (JU. pop.).
18. John Symington, of John and Elizabeth.
Oct. 16. Brook Tinlin, of James and Ann. "^ ^5 ?*•
John Glover, of James and Elizabeth.
17. William Runchey, of Robert and Ann.
18. John Smith Merritt, of Amos and Sarah.
Jemima Merritt, of Amos and Sarah.
''• WxmSS;on. } °f ^'--'i- -^ E^^-^*^-
God-fathers, Andrew Pettit, John Smith.
God-mother, Sarah Pettit.
William Harrington, of William and Catherine.
God-fathers, Henry Hixon, Samuel Rider.
God-mother, Rachel Hixon.
* This is the first mention of god-fathers and god-mothers.
i^
1-^
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26 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Oct 16. Sarah Smith, of Isaac and Elizabeth.
Ghxl-father, Absoloin Smith.
God-mothers, Sarah Petti t, Maitha Pettit
Elizabeth Hixon. of Allan and Mary.
God-father, Robert Nelles, Esq.
God-mothers, Elizabeth Nelles, Elizabeth Mann.
Margaret Hixon, of Henry and Rachel.
God-father, Joseph Smith.
God-mothers, Margaret Smith, Margaret Nelles.
23. William Rhodes, of William and Ann. \
Daniel FitzGerald, of Dennis and Maria. J- 41st R^t.
Henry Brown, of Isaac and SusannaL J
Nov. 20. Augusta Margaret Firth Procter, of Col. Henry, Commandant
of the 41st Regt, and Elizabeth.
James Cuntard, of John and Jane (41st Regt)
Dec. 1. William Butler, of Thomas and Ann.
12. John Thomas Gordon Emery, of John and Jane.
1809.
Jan. 7. Richard Thompson, of John and Bridget (4l8t Regi).
God-fathers, Sergt L. Smith, Sergt D. Henderson.
God-mother, Catherine Smith.
8. Mary Lloyd, of William and Margaret
John Hodgkinson, of Samuel and Amey.
Mary Sheeler, of William and Mary.
21. Robert Gamer, of George and Christina.
25. Thomas Butler Ten Broeck, of Jacob and Priscilla.
Mar. 12. Samuel Hatt, of Samuel, Esq., and Margaret. ] v
James Asa Newton, of David and Susannah.
15. Catherine Elizabeth Nelles, of William and Margaret
(40'MiU Creek).
24. John Muselle, of John and Catherine.
April 9. Elizabeth Eeely, of Dennis and Dorithy.
12. Mary Ann Ten Broeck, of John, Esq., and his wife.
May 4. John Clement, of Lewis and Catherine.
Mary Ann Secord, of Isaac and Caroline.
14. Ephraim Summerson Wheeler, of Peter and Jane.
June 11. Henry Burchell, of Charles and Charlotte.
18. Charles William Page, of Elijah and Elizabeth.
Lucy Rosalind Proctor Firth, of William and Ann (Atty.Qea).
27. Francis Adolphus Muir, of Capt Adam and Maria (4l8t).
July 9. John Durham, of Thomas and Ann.
Jane Mahony, of Daniel and Honoris.
Grod-father, John Clarke.
Grod-mothers, Jane Crooks, Catherine Muselle.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAQAIU, BY REV. HOBEttT ADDISON. 27
July 16. John Milton, of John and Lettice.
Robert, of Phebe Still, a black woman {fl, pop)
23. John Powell, of John and Isabella.
Margaret Woolford, of William and Elizabeth.
26. Jane Newstead, of Michael and Bridget.
30. Thomas Smith, of John and Sarah.
Qod-fathers, Sergt-Major Kerby, Sergt. D. Bencroft
(41st Regt.)
God -mother, Mary Bencroft.
Aug. 1. Ebenezer, of Jessica Clarke {JiL pop.)
29. Jane Hingston, of Samuel and Winifred.
Sept 7. Peter Augustus Ball, of Geo. Augustus and Ann.
10. Mary Ann Jane Wallace, of James and Ellin (lOOth Regt.).
29. John Secord Fuller, of David and Elizabeth.
Oct 15. Mary Ann Owens, of William and Elizabeth.
22. Mary Jane Bunnell, of Enos and Sarah.
Ellin Thomas, of John and Ellin.
Andrew blatt, of Richard and Mary.
Margaret Secord, of John and Jennet
25. Johnathan Pettit Barber, of Mathias and Mary.
James Henry Pettit, of Johnathan and Margaret
Robert Campbell McCullom, of Peter and Mary.
Andrew Pettit of John and Mary.
Alexander Millmine, of James and Mary.
Catherine Matilda Nelles, of Abraham and Catherine.
John Millmine, of James and Mary.
29. Elizabeth Muirhead, of John and Elizabeth (Chippawa).
Nov. 12. Amelia Rath, of Thomas and Mary (100th Regt.).
19. Jane Eliza Crooks, of James and Jane.
James Gough, of Thomas B. and Margaret
Agnes McGie (McKee), of Alexander and Sarah.
John Hamilton Smith, of John and Catherine.
Lucy Goring, of Frederick Aug. and Ann.
Dec 24. Rosannah McBride, of Peter and Ann Elizabeth.
Ann Elizabeth Field, of Charles and Rose.
1810.
Jan. 7. Mary Felicia Doute, of John B. and Margaret
12. Jane West, of Joseph, surgeon to Am. Gar., and Rebecca.
Emily West of Dr. .
14. William Wallace Howell, of Phinheas and Mary.
Mary Ann Howell, of Phinheas and Mary.
21. Joseph Needham, of William and Catherine.
Thomas Erang^, of Thomas and Mary.
Betsy Futril, of John and Sarah.
Mar. 27. Ann O'Brien, of John and Catherine.
29. Georgiana Vigoreux, of Capt Henry and Eliza (R. Engineers)*
Thomas Godwin, of Thomas and Esther.
31. Robert Gilkinson. of William and Isabella.
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:^
28 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
April 1. Mary Ann Ahem, of V. B.,Qr. Master 100th Regt., and his wife-
ly Ja& Gordon, Esq., Ast. Com.
Sponsors < Eliza Ahem, for Mra Urqahart
( Clementina Lyons, for Miss M. A. White.
John Smith, of Mathew and Mary (100th Regt).
8. Jane Davis, of Peter and Mary.
Ann Cadeson, of Charles and Mary (100th Regt.).
22. John Wm. Morgan Freel, of James and Ann.
May 6 Johnson Butler Brown, of Robert and Mary.
13. James Vincent, of Robert and Sarah.
George Morrow, of John and Jane.
20. William Crooks, of William, Esq., and Mary.
Mary Elizabeth Jackson, of Alexander and Elizabeth.
Ruth Bridgman, of Thomas and Deborah.
Hezekiah Vansickle, of John and Catherine.
John^^ I Hixon, of Henry and Rachel.
21. John Book, of Mathias and Elizabeth.
Jonathan Moore, of Jonathan and Martha.
Hugh Anderson, of Charles and Ann.
27. John Murphy, of Patrick and Ellin.
30. Margaret Jane, of Lydia Orant (Jilia populi),
June 10. Eliza Sybil Freel, of Hugh and Anna.
Elizabeth Armstrong, of William and Catherine.
24. Catherine Mary Bowlrice, of Lawrence and Charlotte.
John Fred. Chas. Wm. Qesso, of Charles and Mary.
July 1. John Tumey, of George and Ann.
Joseph Ball (Element, of John and Mary.
8. George Arbuthnot, of William and Mar&raret.
Aug. 8. Thomas Jones, of William and Mary (lOOth Regt>
^^' Catherine Jordan } Douglas, of Alexander and Margaret
God -father, Hon. Alex. Grant.
God-mothers, Mrs. Clark, Miss Theresa Wright
26. William Kerr Emery, of John and Jane.
Sept 2. Richard Colver Griffin, of Richard and Ann.
23. John Wilson, of Hugh and Esther.
80. Thomas Murray, of William and Sarah.
Jane Murphy, of John and Mary.
Oct 14. Eleanor Sarah Campbell, of Major D. and Elizabeth.
21. John Edward O'Bnan, of Edward and Margaret
28. Eliza Cole, of Robert and Rose.
Thomas Phellemy, of John and Ann.
Nov. 4. George Hodgkinson, of William and Mary.
Mary Patrick, of Samuel and Ann.
11. Ann Symington, of John and Elizabeth.
Charles Kitt, of Charles and Elizabeth.
18. Ann Owens, of Simeon and Ann.
Dec. 9. Mary Murphy, of Patrick and Martha.
30. Harriet Augusta Jarvis Peters, of Wm. B. and Martha.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 29
1811.
Jan. 6. Elizabeth Secord, of Isaac and Caroline. \ .^
13. John H. Williams, of John and Elizabeth. i^
Mary Ann Price, of John and Ann. I "g
18. Daniel Young Anger, of Frederick and Mary Mag- \^
dalene.
George Near Anger, of Charles and Abigail
29. Margaret Hatt, of Samuel and Margaret (Ancaster).
3. William Barent Staats, of John G. and Betsy (Grand River).
5. Samuel Kern, of David and Catherine.
Charlotte Kitson, of John and Margaret
6. George Moore Nelles, of Robert and Elizabeth.
John Beamer Pettit, of Jonathan and Catherine. ^
Mary McCasler, of Alexander and Margaret. > iAA*k -q ^
Edward Ennis, of John and Ann. J ^^^^^ ^^8**
17. Peter Van Cortland Fuller, of David and Elizabeth.
24. James Crooks, of James and Jane.
April 9. Betsy McGunnicle, of John and Selah (100th Regt.).
12. Margaret Miller, of John and Mary.
14. Phebe Ferris, of Elijah and Rosannah.
28. Brant Johnson Stewart, of Alexander and Jemima.
May 4. Joseph Shaw, of George and Sarah.
9. CatherinePettit, of Ashman and Elizabeth. \ /n \r'j r i
Mary Pettit of Jonahan and Margaret. j ^^'^^^^ ^^^<^^ •
22. Alexander Stephens, of Aaron and Mary.
Robert Addison Clement, of James and Catherine.
Aug. 11. Isabella Hamilton Rea, of Robert and Ann. ^
18. Robert Armstrong, of Robert and Jane. > 100th Regt.
James Wrath, of Thomas and Mary. j
25. Mary Ann, of Mary Stuart {fit. pop.).
Oct. 5. Mary Ann Eddlestone, of Thomas and Magdalene (R. Art.)
10.
I?
6. Maria Hamilton Adams, \
Thomas Wilson Adams, > of Thomas and Margaret.
Phoebe Wilson Adams, )
13. Mary Jane Evans, of William and Margaret.
27. William Welford, of William and Elizabeth.
Nov. 3. Susan Smith, of Thomas and Susan.
Jane Davis, of Aaron and Maria (100th Regt.)
N.B. — 23 from Fort Erie (to be sent) for which I leave
room.
8. Robert Nelles Nixon, of John and Anna.
Allan Nixon Mayhew, of Levi and Diua.
Hannah Lapsley and John, of Mary Bony (both /?/. populi).
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80 OXTAUIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Dec. 22. Mary Ann Dochard, of George and Mary.
23. Catherine Elizabeth Holcrof t,of Capt \Vm. and Frances (R.A.)l
Caroline Elizabeth Maria Gordon, of James and Caroline
1812. MaUlda.
May 9. William Jno. Augustus Thompson, of William and Jane.
10. Harriet Frances Emery, of John and Jane.
13. William Powers, of Francis and Magdaline.
27. James Symington Short, of Col. Wm. C. and Jane.
June 16. Benj. Pas:e, of Jesse and Elizabeth.
21. George Wm. Robinson, of John and Elizabeth.
Francis Waddel« of Robert and Mary.
28. Robert Jarvis Hamilton, of George and Mary.
July 1. Mary Ann Wilson, of David and Susan (41st Regt.)
19. William FitzQerald, of Dennis and Maria.
20. John Adolphus Nelles, of William and Margaret.
26. Joseph Hone, of John and Mary.
Aug. 9. Eliza Ann Milton, of John and Lettice.
James Ramsay Crooks, of William and Mary.
^ "" « 30. Charles Lewis Vigoureux, of Capt. Henry and Eliza (R. Eng.).
Sept. 27. Mary Ann McGhie (McEee), of Alexr. and Sarah.
Oct. 3. John Ogilvie Hatt, of Richard and Mary.
5. Elizabeth Smith, 1 # x v j i?i* v. i.i.
Jennet Smith, ' j of Joseph and Elizabeth.
6. James Godfrey Durand, "j
George Godfrey Durand, J
7. George Gallicher, of George and Elizabeth.
John Glover Pettit, of John S. and Mary.
Hannah Smith, of Isaac and Elizabeth.
Hannah Young Pettit, of Johnathan and Catherine.
Catherine Ann Nixon, of William and Christina.
SK:}«^ William and Caroline.
John Pettit, of Ashman and Elizabeth.
Cyrus Summer Barber, of Mathias and Mary.
Mary Elizabeth Muir, of Andrew and Anna.
Catherine Phcebe Nelles, of John and Mary.
Joseph Moor, of William and Caroline.
Nov. 8. Deborah Freel, of Hugh and Ann.
James Alexander Chambers Freel, of James and Nancy.
15. Charles Riggers (of riper years).
James Harrison, of John and Ann.
Harriet Eliza Thom, of Alexr. (surg'n 41st Regt) and Harriet
Dec. 20. Thomas Henson, of Thomas and Mary (41st Regt).
•ft
15
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BAPTISMS IS NIAGARA, BT REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 81
1813.
Jan. 10. Jane Gray, of Thomas and Hannah.
Dennis Eeely, of Dennis and Dorothy.
Eliza Botton, of Stoother and Margaret.
19. Catherine Lay ton (of riper years).
Abraham Phoenix, of Abraham and Ellin.
Feb. 7. Ann Jennet Cameron, of Alexander, E^q., and Catherine
13. Francis Peter Latonche Chambers, of Capt P. Latonehe, of
41st Regi, and Ann Emily.
16. John Symington, of John and Eliza.
21. Caroline Secord, of Isaac and Caroline.
Mar. 4. Mary McCarty, of James and Mary.
15. Margaret Nelles, of Jacob and Ann {iO-Mile Creek).
21. Michael Maddingan, of Michael and Mary.
24. Maria Theresa Nichol, of Col. Robt. and Theresa.
28. William Webb, of Thomas and Elizabeth.
April 11. Mary Churchill, of William and Mary.
25. Julia Gorman, of James and Margaret
May 11. Peter Whitmire, of John and Lany.
Jane 17. James Trump, of John and Margaret
Joly 16. Susan Croft, of John and Sarah.
18. Benjamin Upper, of Jacob and Mary {of Stamford),
Frances Ensign, of Ormond and Sarah.
Mary Theresa Dickson, of Thomas and Archange {Quecnston).
27. Catherine, wife of Capt Norton, a Mohawk Chief.
Aug. 1. Ralph Morden Clement, of Lewis and Margaret
George Augustus Clement, of John and May.
Thomas Morrow, of Francis and Margaret.
Thomas Daniel McCormick, of Thomas and Augusta.
8. Thomas Crooks, of James and Jane.
19. Stephen Bead, of George and Maiy.
Sept 14. Margaret Connell, of David and Margaret
20. Eliza Ann Bradt, of John and Ann.
30. Henry Rosa Slingerlandt, of Garret and Elizabeth.
Oct. 6. Ann Brown, of Charles and Ann.
Nov. 6. William Dickson Campbell, of Duncan and Elizabeth.
Dec. 14. William H. McClive, of F. and Margaret
1814.
Jan. 27. Henry Augustus Garrett, of Alexander and Amelia.
Feb. 8. Barbara Elizabeth Parker, of William and Deborah.
10. John Runchy, of Robert and Ann.
21. John Jackson, of James and Martha (R. Arty.)
21. Elizabeth Holland, of Patrick and Ellen.
26. Hannah Read, of James and Jane.
Archibald Hugh Fen wick, of James and Ellin.
Mar. L Ann Hand, of Daniel and Alice.
3. Richard Henry Whitesides, of Richard and Dorothy.
6. Euretta Ann Hamilton, of Thomas and Ann.
11. Josiah Helmky, of John and Mary.
12. Ormsby Sherrard, of Widow Ruggles (fil pop.).
I
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22.
32 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Mar. 20. William Hatt, of Kichard and Mary.
MSSirilSr } «^ S*-"-^ -<* Margaret
Margaret Tbompson, of Andrew and Mary.
21. Mathew Brock Seeord, of John and Jennet T^
John Baptist Secord, of Elijah and Mary Kane. l
1^.: ^^^- } " '>•■"•' "■' R^'i- ) «
Margt. Maria Alexona Nelles, of William and Mai^ 1 6^^
John Markle, of Abraham and Ann. / ""^^li J
April 3. Frederick James Mulholland, of James and Winifred.^ i/wi^k
Sarah Wilson, of Hugh and Esther. } ^^
Alice Martin, of John and Bridget. J ^^^
17. Elizabeth O'Hara, of Bernard and Mary.
18. Edward Emery, of John and Jane.
23. Harriet Robinson, of Francis and Catherine.
24. Catherine Hodgkinson, of Robt and Christina.
May 9. Elizabeth Woodward, of John and Hannah (Royal Soots).
June 26. Margaret Thompson (of riper years), ^
William Lee, of Peter and Mary, I ^ ^r.ir^n^
Maria Lee. of Peter and Mary, f ^^ ^^^"•
James Waters, of James and Clarissa, )
Mary Ann Thompson, of William and Mamret.
Olivia Eliza Williams, of Geo. and Margt. (Lient 100th R^).
Ellen Tinlin, of James and Ann.
Robert Wright, of Abraham and Mary.
Joseph \
Daniel Servos / Waters, of Humphrey and Catherine (of
John r colour).
William )
Mary Van Patten, of John and Ann.
Mary Ann Wilson, of Walter and Mary.
Margaret Flinn, of Patrick and Catherine. )
Michael Coney, of John and Mary. C41stRe^
Elizabeth Shepherd, of John and Jane. ^ ^^
Harriet Sewell Murray, of Sergt. John and Ann. )
James Davidson, of Corporal James and Jennet
Barnabas Colo, of Barnabas and Catherine.
Mary Ann Campbell, of George and Elizabeth.
Cicily McGunnicIe, of John and Cicily.
Johnathan, '^
Charlotte,
Mary Ann, > Levelle, of John and Hannah.
Isaac,
Sarah, J
Benjamin Robinson Merithew, of Benjamin and Anna.
Mary Ann H idgkinson, of Robt. and Christina.
1815.
Jan. 15. Thomas Fox, of James and Margaret (Royals).
28.
July
13.
Aag.
21.
Sept.
6.
29.
Oct
2.
23.
Nov.
9.
27.
30.
Dec.
15.
28.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 33
Jan. 22. Margaret Fiizpatriok, of Edward and Ellen.
25. Alfml Andrew Thompson, of William and Jane.
April 6. George Hamilton, of George and S irah (Royal Artillery).
Eliza Ann Jupiter, of Robert and Mary, ^
Angelica Collins, of Richard and Jane, > of colour.
Clarissa Short, of Joseph and Ann, j
Mary Ann Stevenson, of Joseph and Jane.
John Rawson, of Michael and Mary.
22. Cornelia Ann Thompson, of William and Jane.
M»y 1*- J^^"""^ } Pawling, of Henry and Margaret
Mary Ann Laraway, of Joncks and Mary.
Margaret Follick, of Cornelius and Eve.
Valentine Scram, of Garret and Leah.
Mary Ann Ball, of Jacob and Lydia.
Mary Jane Emmet, of John and Elizabeth.
William Read, of George and Clementina.
Jane Brown, of Robert and Mary.
Benjamin Hodgkinson, of William and Mary.
Mahadabel Hodgkinson, of Francis and Sarah.
Amy "I
Beriah > Hodgkinson, of Samuel and Amy.
Mabel )
a^net } Q^^f'^y* of ^^^^ ^^^ Elizabeth.
Caroline Bowman, of Adam and Hannah.
Catherine Secord, of Isaac and Caroline.
Lewis Sagar, of John and Leana.
Robert Addison Adams, of Thomas and Margaret.
Caroline Gould, of John and Hannah.
Richard Frederick Patterson, of John and Clary.
Elijah Cole, of David and Harriot.
Jane Jemima Lara way, of Harmoneus and Phebe.
Peter Hare "^
Elizabeth |
Sn Sophia \ B^^^°' ^^ ^^^"^ ^^ ^^^y-
Johnson Butler |
Mary J
William
Thomas
Dorothy
Rockaway ^^ } hodgkinson, of William and Mary.
Martha
Eleazer Alexr.
George
Agnes ^
Nancy > Bowman, of Adam and Hannah.
Geor<»e Adam J
3
I
8
I
•8
I
1
I
•8
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34 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
May 21. Henry RoIIh, of Charles and Ann.
Margt Little, of Joseph and Jane.
Sponsors, John McNabb, Thos. Powis and Mary Laytoa
28. Maria McQhie (McKee), of Alexr. and Sarah.
Sponsors, Geo. Tonng, Maria Toung and Ann Young.
June 22. Jemima Smith (of riper years).
Maihew Smith Thompson, of Catherine Smith (JiL pop.).
Mary Ann Smith, of reter and Jemima.
Sarah Ann Freel, of James and Ann.
Sponsors, Mathew Smith, Eliz. Smith, senr., and E.
Smith, jr.
July 12. Walter Crooks, of William Crooks, Esq.,* and Mary. ^
13. Jonathan Pettit, of John and Mary.
Sponsors, Jonathan and Andrew Pettit and
Catherine Pettit.
Elizabeth Smith, of Isaac and Elizabeth.
Sponsors, John S. Pettit, Mary Pettit and Sarah
Biggar.
Martha Moore, of Jonathan and Martha.
Sponsors, John Potts, Esq., and his wife.
William Henry Moore, of John and Phebe.
Sponsors, John S. Nelles and Deborah Moore.
Mary oimmons, of Bastion and Margaret
Sponsors, Andrew and Sarah Pettit
Sarah Maria Nelles, of John and Sarah.
Sponsors, Abraham and Maria Nelles.
Sarah Pettit, of Abraham and Elizabeth.
Sponsors, John S. Pettit, Mary and Pamela Pettit
Aug. 20. Susan Thompson, of Michael and Marj^
Sept 17. Kitty Depins, of Lewis and Catherine.
25. Archibald Qarvin, of James and Isabella.
Oct 1. James Johnson, of Patrick and Margaret
12. Jane Waddel, of Robt and Mury.
Jane Nelles, of Robt. and Maria.
Mary Cameron, of Alezr. and Catherine. ] ^ %^
Sponsors, William Crooks, Esq., Mary Crooks and Debo-
rah Butler.
28. Mary Margaret Crooks, of James and Janet
Sponsors, Col. Robt Nichol and Mrs. Crooks, senr.
29. Matilda Simons, of Titus and Hannah.
Sponsors, James Crooks, Esq., and Mary and Elizabeth
Van Every.
Nov. 9. Richard Brock Hatt, of Samnel and Margaret
Sponsors, Richd. Hatt and Mary, his wife.
* The diSereiice in rank is carefully noticed by the affix ** Esq." to men of position.
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fiAFTISMS IN NIAGARA, BY REV. ROBIRT ADDISON. 35
r
:Nov. 5. Hetty Stickney ^
J^n "^"^ VBostwick, of John and Mary.
George Luke )
Sponsors, Joseph Ryerson and James Mitchel, Dis-
trict Schoolmaster.
Margaret \
James >Mitchel, of James and Elizabeth.
Elizabeth j
Mary Ann Martha Parks, of William and Abby.
Nancy "j
Mary > O'Brien, of Roger and Nelly.
Roswell j
Sponsors, John Bostwick and Danl. Freeman.
6. Horatio Nelson Williams, of Jonathan and Mary.
Clarissa Ann \
Cornelia > Bostwick, of Henry and Ann.
Caroline j
Mary Ann \
John A. > Azford. of Abraham and Mary.
Sally Bowlbyj
Sponsors, H. Bostwick, Jonathan Williams, John
Backhouse and Daniel Freeman.
[David Bogg, of David and Mary Bogg, is alleged to have
been baptized in November, 1815, by Mr. Addison.
Sponsors, Augustus Grigg, Hamilton Hay and Mary
1816. Thompson. Niagara, Oct 9th, 1832. Thos. CreenJ
Jan. 8. Lawrence Corson (of riper years).
Barnabas Corson, of Lawrence and Lydia.
Sponsors, Jno. Hodgkinson, Jas. and Catherine Griffith.
7. Peter Garrick, of Peter and Julia (Can. Fencibles).
18. *Robert Addison Dettrick, of Robert and Ann.
Mary Jane Hayner, of George and Catherine.
Mary Ann M. Tumey, of John and Ann.
Sponsors, James, Walter and Jane Dettrick and Ann
Turney.
27. Elizabeth Sarah McKay, of Hector and Elizabeth. (From
Dundas),
Sponsors, David Stegman and Mary Breakenridge, senr.
and jr.
Feb. 26. Elizabeth Wilmot, of Samuel and Mary.
Sponsors, Jno. Arnold, Elizabeth Arnold and Lisette
Stegman.
Mar. 7. Henry Pingle, of John H. and Barbara.
Sponsors, Philip Elchart and Henry and Mary Pringle.
'"''^'* Although there is a remarkable similarity of names, as Elizabeth, Ami, John,
William, there are many named from distinguished men, as Brock, Batler, William John-
eon, Addison, Brant, Peregine Maitland, Horatio Nelson, Andrew Heron.
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36 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY
Mar. 7. Mary Ann Echart, of Philip and Elizalelh.
Spjnsors, George and Mary Pringle.
31. Alexander Grant Frazer, of Alexr. and Catherine.
Sponsors, Captain and Mrs. Spence.
April 4. Polly Bisse, of Joseph and Mary.
Sponsors, Levi Hale and Polly Laye.
17. Augustine DeRoy, of Jacob and Mary.
18. John Colly, of Richard and Mary.
Laura f Record, of James and Laura.
20. Sibella Philpotts, of George and Maria. (R Engineers).
May 22. John Henry Oakley, of John and Mary.
Sponsors, Major Thos. Taylor and John Russel.
29. David Augustus Hamilton, of David and Mary.
Sponsors, James H. Hay and Mary Thompson.
June 2. John Chick ly, of Francis and Elizabeth.
9. Margaret Jane Darby, of George and Mary Ann.
Mary Read, of George and Mary.
Abraham Bowman, of Adam and Hannah.
Eleanor Connover, of James and Julia.
William Read, of Cornelius and Ann.
John Bennet, of John and Margaret.
Eliza Clarke, of John and Sally B. V -^ ^
Jacob Dettrick, of Jacob and Matty May. i ?
Margaret Honsinger, of John and Mary.
John Charles Haynes, of David and Harriet
George Haynes, of Jacob and Rachel.
Ann Jane Osterholt, of William and Elizabeth.
Jane Gould, of John and Hannah.
Thomas Doby, of James and Nancy.
Sponsors and witnesses to the above baptisms, John,
Adam and Jacob Darby, Robert Campbell, Peter
Pawling, John Dettrick, Catherine Hayner, Mary
Parby, Fanny Gordon, Mary Robinson, etc
18. Catherine Fanny Bender, of John and Catherine.
Sponsors, Asahel Adam, Catherine Bradt, Fanny
Syminorton.
23. Hugh Clinton Freel, of Hugh and Ann.
Sponsors, Jos. Hare and John and Ann Cox.
Jane Burley, of Peter and Mary.
Sponsors, Andrew Romino, Mary Burley and Mary
Lewis.
24. Thos. John Pitton, of Joshua and Margaret.
26. Amabella Nichol of Col. Robert and Theresa.
God-father, James Coffin. Esq.
God-mothers, Mrs. Gore, the Governors Lady, Miss
Eliza P. Addison.
* Children of the famous Laura, who three years before this date had given wamiDg
at Beaver Dams, of the American attack.
■§6
1^.
r
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 37
July 21. Peter Ivers, of Richard and Margaret (37th Regt).
Aug. 2. Robert St. Patrick Stevenson, of John A., Lieut 99th Regt.,
and Mary.
7. Andrew Todd Kirby, of John and Eliza. \ | J ^
Mary Margaret Clarke Kerby, of James and Jane. / '^1'^ :3
C^'ThTa^*'^^'' } Street, of Samuel and Abigail )||"S^
Sponsors and witnesses present: The Hon. Mr. Clark,
Mrs. Clark, the Hon. Mr Dickson and Mr. Grant
11. John ^
James > McFarland, of John and Jane.
Ahijah j
James \
Gordon f Wilson, of John and Ann.
Margaret )
Mary^^^ } (Mc)Farland, of John and Margaret
Sarah Appl^arth, of William and Martha.
Sponsors and witnesses to the last ten baptisms, John
Wilson, John McFarland, Eliza and Jane McFarland.
20. Thomas Butler Crooks, of William and Mary {Qrimahy),
Rachel Egbert, of Welling and Sarah.
Sponsors, Thos. Butler, Esq., John Crooks and Mrs. D.
Muirhead.
Sept 8. Henry Finen, of James and Sarah.
10. Mary Ann Thompson, of Robert and Ann.
Sponsorp, Peter McAvay and Jane Cartv.
18. William Chapman, of Sergt Robert and Ellen (99th Regt).
Sponsors, Sergt. Robt Vincent and John and Ann Coffey.
Oct. 6. Joseph Denning, of Joseph and Jane.
20. John Parker, of Sergt. John and Susan (Dragoons).
21. William Dempsey, of Sylvester and Sarah.
Mary Ann McCauley, of Robert and Sarah.
Nov. 10. James Henry Ritter, of Capt Lewis and Mary (99th Regt).
Sponsors, Mr. Clark and Major and Mrs. Davies.
Dec. 1. Edward Gillan, of Dennis and Mary (99th Regt).
12. Henry James Kain, of William and Ann (9dth Regt).
15. Mary Ann McNamara, of Dennis and Jane (99th Regt).
22. Gamer Osburn, of William and Mary (99th Regt).
29. John Riley, of James and Jane (23rd Regt.).
1817.
Jan. 5. Mary Burke, of John and Catherine (99th Regt).
'^' eild^t} Butler, of Michael and Ellen, K^a. Re^
Margaret Phillips, of John and Margaret, j
George Toung Moore, of Robert and Maria.
19. Mary Vincent, of Robert and Sarah (99th Regt).
21. Margaret Augusta McCormack, of Thomas and Augusta.
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]
38 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Jan. 26. Robert John Gumming, of Robert and Mary, 1 qq.» x>,<w^
Robert Padden, of Edward and Deborah, j ^^^ *^^8^
Eliza \
sUnA >Ferri8, of Elijah and Eleanor.
Hyratn )
Eleanor
Maria ^ Swayz^, of Isaac and Eleanor.
William Dickson ^
Eleanor Swayz^ Fish, of William and Frances.
28. Mary Donell, of Miles and Brid^t.
30. Jesse Augusta Vavassour, of Louisa and .
Feb. 16. Winifred Van Allen, of Henry and Winifred. \ ^ ^-z % ^
Ann Southerland Graham, of Dr. Jaa and Eliz'th. |- i^ .S^4
Mercy White, of Nathaniel and Mercy. J ^ ^ 4
Mar. 9. Daniel Spearman, of Sergt. Henry and Jane.
Rose Ryan, of Patrick and Ellen. ( qq., tj^.^.
23. Patrick Feely, of Thomas and Bridget r ^^^ *^«8^
Robert Burnet, of William and Margaret
April 3. Susan Eliz'th Lampman, of John and Mary.
6. James Smith, of James and Elizabeth (99th Regt)
13. William Hone, of John and Mary.
Mary Hume, of Duncan and Elizabeth (99th Regt)
20. Agnes Maria Gampbell, of Lieut Andrew and Ann (99th
Re^).
27. Eliza Williams Ferns, of Thos. (P. Masr. 99th Regt) and Jane.
May 27. Catherine Maria Hamilton, of Alexander and Hannah.
June I. Catherine Wilson John (2nd Masr. 70th Regt.) and Jane.
Elizabeth \
Margaret I
Bernard [ Ulman, of John and Catherine. AH these cbil-
Benjamin dren grown up, the oldest said to be 21.
Ann
Peter I
15. Lawrence Reily, of Lawrence and Ellin {from the U, States),
24. ♦Ann Crooks, of William Crooks, Esq., and Mary {Orvnuby).
July 6. Charlotte Sophia Pamel, of William and Elizabeth.
William Nelson Secord, of Edwin and Elizabeth.
10. James Duncan J. Famden, of Ja& (ast surgn. 70th R^^>
and Magdaline.
* T ^"^ K "^ I Lawson, of Joseph and Elizabeth.
Sy Chariot J ^*P"^^ ** ^^^^^'^^ ^^- ^^^^'^ <^«^>-
21. Enoch Wooley, of Isaac and Elizabeth.
Thomas Richarts, of Michael and Margaret (99th Regt).
Emily Browne (of riper vears).
John Browne, of Richard and Emily.
* ThU it the last reference to Grimsby or 40-Mile Creek, as in 1S17 came Rev. Wnu
Sampson as minister.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BY B£V. ROBERT ADDISON. 39
Catherine Cor. Hodgkinson, of Robert and Christina.
Aug. 3. Frances Anna Clark, of John and Sarah.
James Newell, of John and Mary.
10. Philip Reilev, of John and Mary.
William Mallanby, of William and Rachel.
15. Catherine Maxwell, of Sergi John and Catherine (70ih R^;t).
25. Robert Ranchey, of George and Margfiret.
31. Mary Ann Wood, of Joseph and Mary (R. Arty.).
William Carry, of John and Christina.
Hu^h McOunnicle, of Hugh and Sarah.
Sept. 1. Ardiibald Miller, of James and Ellen.
Mary Rossel, of William and Elizabeth (70th Regi).
5. Elizabeth Ann Marten, of William and Elizabeth (Rl. Arty.).
19. George William La we McNamara, of Thomas and Mary Ann.
Eliza Magdaline Whitmore, of John and Magdaline.
Julia Ann Robins, of William and Rachel
Nov. 16. Deborah Eleanor Freel, of James and Ann.
19. George ^
Thomas Shaw, of George and Sarah.
Sarah Baptized at St David'a
Catherine J
Sponsors and witnesses, Mr. and Mrs. R Woodruff, Mr.
and Miss Dickson, Mr. and Mrs. D. Secord, Mr. and
1818. Mrs. Duncan Clow.
Jan. 19. Samuel John Cox, of John and Salome.
Mar. 15. Martha Bullock, of Edward and Mary. ^
20. Harriot Agnes Aughterton, of Robert and Mary. > 70th Regt.
William .^rd, of William and Jane. j
Hannah, of Ann Hayes {filia popvli).
April 12. Eliza Hannah Chase, of Lancelot and Catherine.
William Charles Sampson, of Dr. James and Eliza.
17. Louiza Henry, of Louiza and Capt Vavassour.
26. Ann Donelly of James and Ann.
May 24. William Falconbrid<ye, of John K. and Victoria.
27. Amelia Keefer, of George Keefer, Esq., and Jane.
June 28. Daniel Philip Bourke Greenville, of Daniel and Maria.
John Symington Arnold, of Thomas (D.AC.G.) and Mary.
July 5. John Gustavus Stevenson, of John and Mary R R. (H. P.
Lieut.)
Anna Deborah Cameron, of Alexander and Catherine.
6. Mary Philpot, of Edward and Sarah {H(ddi/mand),
19. Archibald Gallinagh, of James and Mary (70th Regi).
23. Walter Slingerland, of Garret and Elizabeth.
Aug. 9. Barbara Ann Martin, of George and Elizabeth.
31. Ramsey Procter, of Capt. William and Jane.
Sept 9. Job Basely Rolls, of Charles and Ann.
20. William Augustus Lampman, of Peter and Agnes Ann.
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40 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Sept 26. Mary Ann Kernejr, of Francis and Elizfibetb.
S7. William Uamphreys, of William and Maiy.
^ '* StrinTc^ JGeale. of Benjanun and Catherine
Nov. 8. John McQueen, of Thomas and Mary. | y^.. p^^
Susan Hunt, of James and Ann. j "^*-
13. Robert Addison Connolly, of George and Eliza P. (E P.
Ensign).
Dec ' 27. Eliza Margaret Pickard, of Archibald and Mary.
Nov. 23. PriseilU Manly, of Walter and Mary. ^ ^
Jane Lay ton, of Samuel and Mary. ! ;;;*
John Young, of John and Elizabeth. I ^^
Elizabeth Read, of Cornelius and Ann. | .|i^
George Connover, of James and Judith. jcg
Lewis Facer, of William and Catherine. j ^
1819.
Jan. 10. Mary Ann Read,, of George and Mary (a sailor).
14. John Warren Hall, of Syrenius and Julia
Eliza Jenet Jane Douglas, of Alexander and Margaret
Mary Clark Staunton, of William and Margaret.
15. John \
HaniL^h Harriet l^laxxii^ of Mathias and Hanna.
Isaac Swayz^ )
cJSta M. Arabella } ^«' «' ^™<^ "^^ ^*'^-
Sarah Wilson, of John and Elizabeth.
William Usher Thompson, of Tannatt and Margaret.
Julia Ann Street, of Samuel and Abigail.
Martha Ensi^, of Ormond and Sarah Ann.
24. William Young, of William and Elizabeth (R. Arty.).
Feb. 7. Isabella Wharton, of James and Catherine.
9. Eve Bowman (of riper years) {IS-MiU Creek),
Elizabeth Barninger (of riper years.)
22. Peter Stephenson, of Lieut. James and Mary (Sapper and
Miners).
March 3. John Greenfield, of Francis and Christian Annet
7. James Browne, of William and Nera (Prv. 70th Regt).
13. Edward Curry Wood, of Samuel and Ellen (IZ-Mile Creek),
31. Benjamin, of Black Thom and Highly.
May 3. Robert Moore, of Robert and Mary.
9. Thomas Key, of Robert and Amey. \ ,-^. , t> ^
16. Robert MuUighan, of Robert and Ellen. | ^^^^ ^^^^
30. John Mills, of George and Martha (70th Regt).
June 13. James Robinson, of Landrick and Sarah (70th Regi).
July 22. Mary Madlin Sampson, of Dr. James and Eliza.
25. Patrick Joice, of Peter and Ellin. ) /»<.., t^ .
Thomas Frelly, of Patrick and Mary. J ^^^^ ^^^
Elizabeth Ellen McKie, of Alexander and Sarah.
3
1^
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BV REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 41
J°^y 25. Sophia Electa J Secord. of Daniel and Electa.
Peter Sidney Secord, of Abraham and Elizabeth.
Phebe Ann Lampman, of John and Mary.
Au^. 8. Mary Ann Newell, of John and Mary (a sadler).
'"• ho^^hS™'' l'^f^°'i.u w^^TroSi^rl;
John Jenkina ) Mem'^Her name is Mary.
22. Eliza Borland, of Hugh and Sarah (68th Ele^t.).
29. Andrew Phoenix \ avaasonr, of Capt. and Louisa ( fU, pop.).
31. Elizabeth Hodgson, of Thomas and Sarah (68th Regt.).
Sept. 29. James Stull, of Adam and Mary.
Oct. 10. Mary Angelique Stoneman, of William and Elizabeth.
31. John Nelson, of John and Snsan (68th Regt.).
David Willis, of Black Antrim.
Nov. 14. William Frederick Johnson, of George and Ann.
Sponsors, James Wood, John Cobby and Charlotte Wood.
18. Charles ) Wilson, of John and Ann. Baptized at their
Thomas f mother's funeral.
21. John Harrison ) n* i.. j i ^ t i. it
Mary Ann Jane f Martmdale, of John and Jane.
Bobert Pope, of Thomas and Elizabeth.
Sponsors, George Johnson, James Wyld and Mary A.
Hynn.
28. Mary Browne, of William and Elizabeth.
Dec. 5. Mary Ann Pye, of Robert and Elizabeth.
12. William Ryan, of Patrick and Ellen.
John Wilson McDougal, of Robert and Harriot
26. Amelia Maria Garrett, of Alexander (Barr. Master) and Amelia.
1820.
Jan. 2. Ronald Anid, of William and Jenett (68th Regt).
14. Margaret McGaren, of Michael and Ann (68th Regt).
''• -S Wem^L IColver, of Ebenezer and Phebe.
Augustas P. Maitland ) '»""«''• ^'^^ ^"'''-
28. Margaret Malemby, of William and Rachel {Orand River),
Ann Morton Stevenson, of John A. (H. P. Lieut) and Mary £. R.
Feb. 6. Mary Rolls, of Charles and Ann (Orantham),
Margaret Rea, of Thomas and Sarah (68th Regt).
Mar. 9. Margaret Runchey, of Robert and Ann. ) Louth, iiear
Eleanor Runchev, of Thomas and Ann. j so-MiU Creek.
10. Francis Scott, of Joseph and Ann (navy surgeon).
Cvnthia [ C^^'^'^^' ^f Jonathan and Sarah.
Sponsors, Colin McNeiledge and Cynthia Street
William Smith, of James and Mary.
Sponsors, Rychart and Michael D.
* Why give the military names to the daughters and that of the nmn of peace to the son ?
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42 OXTABIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
April 16. Ellin Lynch, of John and Sarah. ) ^q., j. ,
Ellin Roach, of John and Mary. / ^^^^ ^^
2S. James Jacob Ball, of Henry C. and Mary (lO-MUe Creek}.
30. Eve Larranay, of Jcmas and Mary.
Benj. William Scram, of Garrett and Leah.
Mitr^ret Jane Godfrey, of Peter and Elizabeth.
Jane Read, of Cornelius and Ann.
Rebecca, Eliza C6nnoIley, of George and Elizabeth (P. H. P.
Ensign).
Sponsors, John Killaly, Mrs. Stevens and Mrs. F. A.
Dickson.
May 14. Margaret Catherine Wheaton, of Joseph and EUizabeth.'
Charlotte Cole, of John and Phebe.
William Henry Toknm, of Henry luid Elizabeth.
Caroline Young, of Peter and Catherine.
21. Francis Kimey, of Franeb and Elizabeth.
28. Mary Kidney, of Edmond and Catherine (68th Regt).
Jane 11. Florence, of Ann Atkinson (JUia popvli).
25. George Adam Haynes, of Lewis and Eve. 1 .S ^
John Haynes, of Lewis and Eve. ^ |
George Hamilton Dettrick, of Walter and Eve. 4
Catherine Hansicker, of John and Margaret J ^
Mary Hartsel, of George and Catherine. f'^
George Adams Clark, of John and Sarah. j «; -.
28. John Balfour, of John M. and Manr Ann (H. P. Officer).
July 2. Amelia Ann Philips, of Joseph and Ann.
18. Catherine Springstead, of David and Hannah.
29. John Chetly, of Francis and Elizabeth.
80. Harroot Mary Ann Freel, of Hugh and Anna.
31. Hannckh Cartwright Secord, of James and Laura (Quseneton).
Aug. 3. George Frederick "j 1 *§
Robert Hill [ Gates, of Edward and Elizabeth. j-f
Mary Elizabeth J
20. Jane Mason, of Thomas (a blacksmith) and Jane.
John Philpott, of Ekiward (Innkeeper) and Sarah.
Richard Deace McDonald, of William and Elizabeth.
Hyram McDonald, of William and Elizabeth.
Abie Elizabeth McDonald, of William and Elizabeth.
Mary Richards, of Peter (a sawyer) and Catherine.
Elizabeth ) Logan, of Alexander (a shoemaker) and
Thomas ) Anna.
Betsey Ward, of Henry and Margaret
27. Mary Ann Jackson, of Rubin and Charlotte (of colour).
Sept. 6. Ann Sarah Runchey, of Robert and Ann.
16. Margaret Goodney, of Edward and Margaret (an emigrant).
Oct 1. Samuel Peters Jarvis, of Samuel P. and Mary Boyle (Bar.
at-Law).
22. Isabella Read, of George and Mary.
Sponsors, Alexr. and Jane Bryson and Ann Curry.
5^r
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BAPTISMS IK NIAQABA, BT REV. BOBERT ADDISON.
43
Nov.
19.
Dec
20.
24.
1821.
Jan.
7.
Peter Lampman, of Peter and Ann.
Jane Davis, of Joel and Mercy.
Elizabeth Alice Ann McNamara, of Thomas M. and Mary.
James C. Secord, of Abraham and Elizabeth.
1-3
15.
23.
Feb.
11.
12.
13.
Mar.
15.
^1
Edward Peter Godfrey, of Peter and ElizabetL '
Henry Facer, of William and Catherine.
Jane Read, of George and Mary.
Eliza Jane Little, of Joseph and Jane.
Stephen Manly, of Walter and Mary.
Eliza Layton, of Samuel and Mary.
Hellen Jane Eerby, of James and Jane (Queeneton),
John Bernard Qeale, of Benjamin and Catherine.
William Milton, of John and Letitia.
Joseph Shaw, of William and Elizabeth.
Geor^ Thomas Jarvis, of Stare and Susan Isabella.
Sponsors, Thoe. Marigold, sen., Geo. Hamilton and
Eliz. H. Jarvis.
sfowrj'^** } Scarlet, of John and Mary.
Sponsors, W. W. Baldwin, Quetton St. George and
Mrs Wilcox.
Mary Ann Wickens, of Mr. Comissy. James D. and
Elizabeth M.
Jesse Augusta Hamilton, of Alexander and Hannah O.
John Collins, of Patrick and Ellin (68th Regt.).
*Jedediah P. Merritt, of William H. and Catherine.
James Murray Gordon, of James and Caroline.
James Young, of Elijah and Charity.
Benjamin Wood, of Samuel and Eleanor.
Margaret Leslie, of David and Mary.
Reb^sca"!
Thomas
William - Bradt, of and Miry.
George
Stephen
Ida Eliza
Jacob
Anna Margaret
Madalina
Sine } B~dt. of David and Sarah.
15. Catherine Rea, of Thomas and Elizabeth (68th Regt).
Aug. 4 Mary Jane Farwell, of Leonard and Mary (Qiieenston).
18. Hiram John Chsise, of Lancelot and Catherine.
Sept 4. William Nelson Garden, of John C. and Mary.
9. Agnes Aird, of William and Jennet
* Son of William Hamilton Merritt, and author of the memoirs of hit father, the
projector of the Welland Canal.
May 13.
20.
Jane 3.
July 1.
Crow, of John and Sarah.
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44 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Sept 29. John O. Donald, of Richard and Mary (68th Regi)
Joseph Norman Newell, of John and Mary.
28. Richard Joseph Robhins, of William and iKachel.
30. Jane Lundy, of William and Mary (68th Regi.).
Oct. 25. James Jenkins Beardsley, of Bartholomew and , his wife.
28. William Potts, of Samuel and Mary.
31. Mary Plummer Stevenson, of John A. and Mary E. R
1822.
Jan. 10. Mary Elizabeth McC!orniick, of Thomas M. and Augusta.
Sponsors, Robert Grant, Esq., Eliza Powell and Elizabeth
Jarvis.
27. William Kemey, of Francis and Elizabeth.
Sponsors, Thomas Whitton, Samuel Thompson and Lucy
Askwith.
Feb. 7. William Dnmmer Powell Jarvis, of Sam. P. and Mary B.
Sponsors, William Robinson, Esq, John Powell, Esq.
and Eliza Jarvis.
William Edward Cannitf, of Jacob and Susan.
Frederick Alexander Thompson, of William and Jane.
Alexander Armstrong, of James and Catherine.
Samuel Nesbit, of Samuel and Mary.
George Hamilton, of George H. Esq., and Maria Lavinia
(Bartcni),
Samuel Hugh Freel, of James and Ann.
Morgan Freel, of Hugh and Ann.
John Young Manly, of Walter and Mary. | Ch*anihar(i
John Read, of George and Mary. j lO-MUe Credc
George Stewart Connolly, of George and EIizal>eth Plummer.
God-fathers, Hon. Dr. Charles Stawart, Thomas Butler,
Esq. (Bar.-at-law).
Jane Courtney, of James and Margaret.
Thomas Bosquat, ok* Abraham and Margaret.
Augusta Ann Holey, of Ann Henry {fit. pop,).
William H. Meftrritt. of Wm. H. and Catherine (S^. Catharines).
John Symington Clark, of John and Sarah.
Mary Ann Kay, of Robert and Mary Ann.
Agnes Ann Secord, of Abraham and Elizabeth.
Ann Merithew, of Benjamin and Ann.
John Bush^, of Peter and Mary.
Eliza Plummer McCullagh, of Hugh and Margaret
Elizabeth Mary Stephenson, of James Allen and Mary.
JotHam^nT''' } <>' Thomas and Elizabeth (TayU.^
George Hammond, of John and Martha.
George Charles Donollv, of Ann {F, P.).
Mary Ann Foster, \ of William and
William Josiah Foster,/ Elizabeth.
Margaret Pilkinton Corry, of George and
Mary.
Mar.
April
May
10.
12.
10.
1.
5.
June
July
12.
9.
7.
Aug.
11.
18.
Sept
7.
14.
17.
Oct 23.
Dec. 25.
29.
1823.
Jan. 5.
12.
13.
,4e
e--2^^<fc
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BAPTISMS IX NIAGAIU, BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 45
Jan. 26. Thomas Alexander Smith, of Henry and Ellsey.
28. Peter Sprag^ Scram, of Garret and Leah.
Feb. 14. Agnes Stri^an, of Hon. Dr. John (Rector of York) and Ann.
21. Harriet Eagenia Baldwin, of T. B., Esq., and Ann (York),
Mar. 19. Elizabeth Maria Scarlet, of John and Mary (near York).
29. Edward Nelson Secord Parnell, of William and Elizabeth.
William Agnew Dempster, of John and Margaret (bk.
binder).
April 14. Melville Garret Moir, of William and Margaret Ann (LieutX
17. Mary Maria Hughes, of .
24. Martha Morris, of Thomas and Mary (blacksmith).
25. William Clark Dickson, of Robert (Bar.-at-law) and
Margaret.
God-fathers, Hon. Thomas Clark, Thomas Dickson, Esq.
God-mother, Mary Clark.
May 2. Oswell War, of Thomas and Sarah.
6. Ellen CoUum, of John and Catherine (wheelwrightX
11. James ^
Jenet > Japiter, of Robert and Mary (of colour).
Patty j
17. Alexander Jenkins, of John and Margaret.
June 15. *Thomas James McGhie, of Alexander and Sarah (school-
mistress).
Charles Rolls, of Charles and Ann.
Thomas Stitt Stevenson, of Robert and Jane.
July 1. Richard Fanell, of Leonard and Mary (Queenston).
6. George Thomas Wood, of Samuel, E^q., and Eleanor (l^-MUe
Creek).
16. Eleanor Runchey, of George and Margaret (Grand River),
Elizabeth Runchey, of Rol^rt and Ann (near 20'Mile Creek).
23. William McCormick, of Thomas, Esq., and Augusta.
Sponsors, Thomas Racey, Esq., W. B. Robinson, Rsq.,
and Susan Beman.
Geoi^e^rSryf' } of Edmond and Dorothy.
Aug. 10. Sarah Ann Howard, of Richard and Sarah.
24. Thomas Potter, of Thomas and Grace.
James Rice, of Charles and Ann.
30. Peter Claus Servos, of John D. (miller) and Elizabeth.
Sponsors, John Claus. Peter M. Ball and Gertrude
Servos.
Sept 14. Mary Ann Bumell, of Alexander and Maria
21. William Waugh, of Thomas and Sally.
28. Charlotte, of Sergt Morris (76th Regt).
Oct. 5. Elizabeth Jane Gibson, of (lO-Mile Creek).
William Read, of John and Eliza.
14. John and Mary Ann Martindale, of John and Mary Ann.
* This is a mistake for McKee.
28.
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46 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Nov. 9. James Whitten, of John and Jane.
Mary HuUett, of Joseph and Mary (76th Regt).
16. Catherine Ann Thompson, of John and Charlotte.
23. Walter Lee, of Walter and Letitia.
1824. (In a different hand.)
Jan. 15. Sarah Smith, of James and Mary (bom 22 Jaly, '21).
William Smith, of James and Mary (bom 8 Dee., '23).
R W. TuNNBT, Chapln, OffL Min,
24. Robert Hamilton O'Reilly, ) of Daniel and Debora {NeUan,
Helen Eliza O Reilly j Home District).
Feb. 15. James Hamilton, of William and Mary (bom Dec 21, '23).
Joseph Corran Greenlees, of George and May (bom 11 Dec^
23 )•
Margaret Nesbitt, of Samuel and Mary (bom Jaly 23, '23).
R W. TuNNEY, PL and Of a.
22. Jane Dillon, of Frederick (shoemaker) and Mary.
Mar 21. William Thomas Fish, of William and Frances.
Joseph Caddy, of William and Mary.
April 6. Mary Jane, of Eklward and Mcu^ret Courtney.
R W. TUNNEY.
May 2. John C!ondy Gilded, of C!olambas and Dorothea.
Peter May, of Jame& "J
Eleanor Say ton, of Samuel. ^rl2'Mtle Creek.
Eliza Ann Manly, of Walter. )
23. John Hamilton (Tonnolly, of George and Elizabeth.
Susan Maria Caniff, of Jacob and Susan.
30. George Murray Jarvis, of Samuel P. and Mary B.
Sponsors, George William Murray, Grant Powell and
Mrs. McCormick.
June 10. Margaret Hannah Cox, of John (farmer), and Salome.
July 11. Ann Asquith, of William and Eliza.
14. William Wilson Ball, of Peter M. and Jane.
Frederick Augustus Ball, of George and Catherine.
Ann Augusta Wilson, of William and Maria.
Ann Wilson, of John and Mary.
Sept. 3. Thomas Masson, of Thomas and Jane Elizabeth.
18. Elizabeth Hammond, of Thomas and Elizabeth.
19. Catherine Hannah Ross, of John and Alice.
Aug. Jane and Mary Ann Glass, of Edwin and Fanny (misplaced).
Nov. 3. Catherine Pickard, of James and Elizabeth.
Robert Addison, Ojfficiating ifm
1825.
Feb. 4 Thomas Butler Lawe, of John and Mary (bom 10 Oct,
1822).
Mary Ann Forsythe Lawe, of John and Mary (bom June 28,
1824).
John J. Waggoner, of George and Sarah (bom 6 Feb., *22.)
Ellen, of George and Sarah (bom 10 Oct., '20).
Mar. C. Sarah Calcott, of John and Margaret (born Feb. 5).
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA, BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 47
Mar. 6. Mary Cannon Haghes, of Benjamin and Mary (bom 22
July, '24).
April 10. William Freel, of Hugh and Ann (bom Jan. 30).
By R W. Turner, Chapln,
19. Qeoi^e Reid, of George and Mary (Toronto),
20. George Edward Keating, of Edward and Maria.
29. Deborah Catharine Butler Muirhead, of John B. and Agnes.
Sponsors, Dr. Muirhead and Mrs. Muirhead and Miss
Stuart. RoBT. Addison, Off. Min.
24. James Thomas Jolbitt, of James and Elizabeth (bom 5 March).
May 2. Jane Isabella Theodora Daly, of John and Leonora.
R, W. Tunney, Officiating.
24. Thomas Addison Creen, of Thomas and Ann (bom 19 April).
RoBT. Addison, Off. Mm.
June 12. Mary Ann McAllister, of John and Isabella
R W. Tunney.
17. Elizabeth Ann (supposed mother's name Hamilton).
This child was found exposed on the highway.
R W. Tunney.
William Wright, of James and Alice (bom 6 Feb.).
26. Mary Grean, of John and Sarah.
27. Edith Elizabeth Smith, of John and Elizabeth.
RoBT. Addison, Off. Min.
29. Charles Mordaunt Chrysler, of Adam and Ellen.
(Hon.) Chas. Stewart, DD., Offg.
John Richardson, of William and Isabella
R W. Tunney.
July 10. Abram Claus, of Thomas and Hetty (of colour).
R Addison.
13. Mary Courtney, of Edward and Margaret.
R. W. Tunney.
24. John Gordon Lampman Secord, of Abrm. and Elizabeth.
R Addison.
Aug. 2. Matilda, of Ralph and Ann Foster. \p \xr Tttw^wv
10. Elizabeth Melhuish, of William and Frances.] *^ ^ iunnky.
7. M. Keen Lawson, of Alexander and Jane,
Sarah Jane Lawson, of Alexander and Jane.
21. Jtiseph Richard Phillips, of Joseph and Ann.'
25. William Howard, of Richard and Sarah.
28. Thomas Cudney, of Thomas and Jane.
Sept. 21. Mahala and Alemethy (twin daughters), of James and Ann
Freel.
22. John Withers McGlashan, of John (Comt.) and Jane.
Oct. 9. Margaret Thompson, of John and Charlotte.
R. W. Tunney.
Nov. 3. Frances Isabella McCormick, of Thomas (Esq.) and Augusta.
R Addison.
R. W. Tunney,
Off. Min.
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48 OXTAKlO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
1826.
Jan. 18. Frances Sabin, of J. A. Stevenson and Mary E. R
22. Hannah Martindale, of John and Jane.
Thomas Whitten, of James and Jane.
Feb. 8. Mary Eliza Ryan, of Isaac and Margaret, a
10. Mary Kennedy, of James and Margaret. p xtt m,,__„__
Ls. James Guthrie, of John and Ann. \ n^ i u^NEY.
Jan. 15. Robert Du Little, of Moses and Jane (mis- ^^' ^*^-
Mar. 9. William Claus, of John and Mary, [placed). I
19. Samuel Waugh, of Thomas and SariJi.
April C. George Beson, of Andrew and Mary Ann. R W. Tunney.
9. Julia Thompson, of John and Charlotte. Off, Min,
Thomas Anderson, of James and Ellen. I
May 8. Samuel Wood, of Samuel and Eleanor. |
IG. Sarah Crysler, of Ralph M. and Sarah. \ R W. TuNNEY.
George Greenlees, of George and Mary. j Off. Min.
June 11. Thomas Butler, c»f Walter and Caroline. J
10. Joseph Caniff, of Jacob and Susan.
1 6. Mary Ann Descent, of Antonio and Maryr Ann.
R W.TUNNBY, O/.Jf.
30. Sarah Jane Ball, of George (Esq.) and Catherine.
R Addisok.
Aug. 11. William Travers, of William and Jane.
24. Margaret Ryburn, of Andrew and Margaret.
27. Hamilton John, of John Clendenning {St. Catharines).
Catharine Ann Long, of Ralph M. and Hannah.
Sept. 10. Elizabeth Hamilton, of Alexander (Esq.) and Hannah V.
Oct. 19. Julia Ann Vanderlip, of Joseph and Charlotte.
Margaret Vanderlip, of Joseph and Charlotte.
29. Geo. Thomas Major, of John and Margaret
Dec 11. Rebecca Dillon, of Frederick and Mary,
25. Charlotte Catherine Thorold, of Samuel and Maria.
* Thomas Creen, Assist avt Minister of Niagara
1827. (Appointed 30 July, 1826).
Jan. 3. John Creen, of Hugh and Catharine.
15. William Campbell, of Alexander and Elizabeth.
24. Thomas Farwell, of Leonard and Mary.
25. Livinia Smalley (of riper years). [iTies).
Caroline Elizabeth Smalley, of John and Lavinia {St. Cathar-
26. Thomas Runchey, 1 of Thomas and Ann {frorti tlie Grand
Priscilla Runchey, J River).
Robert Addison Seeord, of Abraham W. and Elizabeth.
Mar. 25. Oliver Taylor, of Rol>ert and .
May 11. James Mulligan, of James and Jane (bom April 19).
16. Mary Wilson, wife of John W., sen.
Hannah Elizabeth Wilson, of John and Mary.
18. Mary Ann Balmer, of Benjamin and Hannah (bom 5 April).
* Rev. Thomas Creen appointed assistant minister, ."^Oth July, 1826, on Dec 30th signs
himself Minister of Niagara ; in 1836 Kector, ami again Minister and Rector.
NuTR. — The Incumbent was inducted in the Rectory of Niagara, on Mondav, 2od
May, 1836, by the Archdeacon of York, duly commissioned iiy the Bishop of the Diocese,
the Hon. and Rt. Rev. Charles Jamcis Stuart.
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BAPTISMS IN ^'lAOARA, BY REV. ROBERT ADDISON. 49
May 57. Alexander FreeU, of Hugh an«l Ann (born 22 Feb.)
July 25. William George O'Connor, of Francis James and Margaret
(born 13 April, '25).
Francis Henry O'Connor, of Francis James and Margaret
(born 27 April, '27).
29. Charles Pbillpots Creen, of Thomas and Ann (born 24 Jane).
Aug. 14. Eliza Hammond, of Thomas and Elizabeth (bom 5 Aug., '26).
19. Elizabeth Kirkland, of George and Susan (Queenaton) (bora
8 Aug.) Thos. Creen, Asst Min.
(In a different hand.)
Feb. 4, 1827. Baptized Catherine Mary Keating, of Edirard
and Maria Elizabeth.
Eleanor Octavia Taylor.
Elizabeth Barbara Miller.
Thursday, 8th Feb. George and Mary Miller.
Thomas and Eliza Taylor.
RoBT. Addison,. 0/. Min.
Meil — These names to be inserted in the place to which they are.
R A.
Oct. 9. Eliza Addison Stevenson, of John A. and Mary R R. (mis-
placed). RoBT. Addison, Off. Min.
15. John Dunn, of James and Dorath.
2. Richard Moffat, of William and Ann (born 21 July).
14 Mary Jane Courtenay, of Thomas and Jane.
Nov. 22. John Secord Servos, of John B. and Elizabeth.
James Servos, of John B. and Elizabeth.
R Addison, Off. Min.
23. Caroline Butler (of riper years), wife of Walter, died on the
same day.
Robert Freffry (of riper years) (Queenstoii).
Ellen Fleming, of Robert and Sarah (bjrn 12 Nov., '27).
Joseph Cox, of John and Salome. R. Addison, Off.
Thomas Graham, of John and Sarah (born Sept. 20, '28).* _ ^
Eliza Magdalene RicbarJson, of Charles, Esq., and Eliza, died
on the same day (born 31 May).
29. Samuel Jarvis McCormick, of Thomas and Augusta.
Sponsors, Charles Jarvis Todd, Alex. Hamilton and Miss
Todd.
July 27. William Daniel Breakenridge, of John, Esq., and Mary.
Elizabeth Anna and Henrietta Augusta, of John, Esq., and
Mary. Robt. Aodison, Off.
Aug. 17. William Thomas Whitten, of John and Jane (bom 28 Jan.)
James Whitten, of James and Jane (born 8 Jan.)
22. Samuel Winterbottom, of George.
25. Gertrude Margaret Long, of Ralph M. and Hannah.
Sept. 7. Helen Hamilton, of Alex., Esq., and Hannah Owen.
21. John Kirkland, of George and Susan (Queenston).
27. Mary Ann Barrie, of Robt. (Bar.-at-law) and Helen Eliza
Augusta. Baptized by R Addison.
Dec.
16.
1828.
Jan.
21.
29.
Mar.
20.
June
3.
Digitized by
Google
Oct.
11.
6.
26.
28.
Nov.
16.
23.
1829.
Jan.
3.
April
15.
Jane
16.
6.
16.
50 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Hector Orenville Garland, of Samuel and Jane.
Samuel John Flanner, of Rodolphus and Mary Ann.
Barbara Planner, of Rodolphus and Hary Ann.
Joseph Clement Ball, of Jacob Henry and Catharine.
Priscilla Shultis, of Barnard and Margaret
Barnard Shultis, of David and Abigail.
Ann Brownley, of Thomas and Sarah (bom 7).
Featherstone William Martindale, of John and Mary.
Ellen Jane Hobson, of Robert and Catharine.
Julia Caroline Augusta Claus, of John and Mary.
RoBT. Addison, Off.
Abraham Thomas Hutt Ball, of George and Catharine.
Julia Sophia Ralston, of James J. and Mary.
Maria Theresa Creen, of Thomas and Ann (bom 8 May).
N.B. — ^These are the last children that received baptism
at the hands of the Rev. Mr. Addison.
21. M«'vry Letitia Houghton, of George and Mary (bom 14).
Charlotte Bell Taylor, of Thomas, E«q., and Eliza {Hamilton).
Sarah Ann Moore, of Francis and Sarah.
Edmund Henry Garland, of Samuel and Jane.
Aug. 2. Mary Eliza Stoneman, of William and Eliza.
27. Diana Margery Miller, of Robert and Mary Ann.
30. Elias Freels, of Hugh and Anne.
Sept 16. Eleanor Wood, of Samuel and Eleanor (bom 16 July).
Sponsors, Mr. Pawling, Miss Wood and Mrs. Pawling.
1829. (Omitted on the opposite page.)
Jan. 1. Mary Margaret, of Samuel and Maria Thorold (bom 28 Aug.)
Elizabeth Eaglesum, of James and -^ — .
Susan Leeming, of John and Mary Crooks (bom Nov. 20).
Elizabeth Fisher Lockhart, of James and Isabella (bom 14
Sept.). baptized privately.
Present, Mrs. Torrance (James) and Miss Smith.
Robert Mathias Wilson, of John (sen.) and Mary.
Stephen Jeffry, of Stephen and Mary (bom 18 Aug.).
Margaret McClelland, of John and Mary {Thordd).
Clarissa Howard, of Richard and Sarah.
William James Nagle, of Robert and Eliza.
John Courtney, of Edward and Margaret (bom 18).
Jane Shaw, of Hugh and Marv (bom 7 Dec).
John Meneilly, of William and Charlotte.
Thomas Creen, Minister of Niagara.
John Beverly Robinson Richardson, of Charles (Esq.) and
Eliza.
Sponsors, Chief Justice Robinson, Capt. Hanson, 7l8t
Regt, and Miss Clench.
Feb. 6. Margaret Mary Brand, of John Sparrow and Martha Letitia
(born 6 Feb., 1826).
Feb.
17.
Oct.
3.
4.
25.
28.
Nov.
15.
22.
30.
Dee
25.
30.
1830.
Jan.
5.
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BAPTISMS IN NIAGARA. 61
Feb. 14. Eliza Ann MorHe, of William (sailor) and Eliza.
Mills Morse, of William (sailor) and Eliza.
24. Amelia Ball, youngest daughter of John and Margaret Ball.
Mary Millar Ball, of John and Margaret Ball.
Catharine Isabella Ball, of John and Margaret Ball.
Catharine Greenlees, of George and Mary (born Dec. 16, *29).
Julia Caroline Swayze, of Francis Gore and Frances (bom
Nov. 26, 1829).
Alexander Whitten, of John and Jane (bom Oct 23, '29).
Eliza Lennox, of Thomas and Elizabeth.
Edward Stevens, of John A. and Mary (bom 3 Feb.).
Robert Hagerman Melville, of Capt. Robert and Margaret
Hannah Frances Lewis (filia populi).
Catherine Clarinda Gray, of Robert and Mary.
George Edward McCioud, of James and Ann.
Lord Edwin Crannel Beardsley, of Charles Edwin and Louisa
Chapin.
Samuel McSpaddin, of William and Margaret
James Eenniff, of Jacob and Susan (bom 26 March).
Mary Agones Meneilly, of James and Isabella (bom 23 Jan.).
Ann Hamilton, of Robert and Mary (bom Sept. 28).
Elizabeth Showers Ball, of William Mann and Margaret
William Swayze, of William Dickson and Mary (bom 11
Dec, '30).
June 3. Frank Alma, of John Lees and Emily.
Sarah Ap. Williams Meredith, of Joseph and Ellen (bom
11 May).
July 30. Susanna Catherine Crooks, of John Young and Charlotte
(bom Jan. 15).
Aug. 13. William Clarence Secord.
William Waitman Secord, of Daniel and Electa.
Levi Page Secord, of Daniel and Electa.
14. Eleanor Sarah Campbell, of Edward Clarke and Ann
Isabella.
15. Margaret Ann Keating, of Edward and Maria Elizabeth.
Susannah White (of riper years).
19. Catherine Ann Servos, of John D. and Elizabeth.
Sept 13. William Harvey MacKell,)
John Blakeley MacEell, ^oi Charles and Ann.
Margaret Jane MacKell,
28.
March 3.
6.
26.
May
16.
4.
24.
July
3.
10.
16.
29.
Oct
3.
10.
Dec.
10.
28.
1831.
Mar.
18.
14.
S:?ySNeil.}of«««^-*iM-y^°-
Oct 2. Elizabeth Ann Creen, of Thomas and Ann.
16. John Alexander Faulkener, of John and Caroline.
William Lennox, of Thomas and Elizabeth.
J^ov. 3. Clarinda Lampman, of John and Mary.
13. Emily Freel, of Hugh and Ann.
17. William Butler Dockstadder, of Richard and Mary Ann
(born 24 May).
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52 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIFH'.
Dec 11. Alexander Stuart Claus, of John and Mary (bom Dec 30).
George Dhiel McCormick, of Thomas and .
21. Mary Louisa Hutchmson, of Thomas and Sophia.
1832
Feb. 7. Elizabeth Helen Ball, of William M. and Margaret
26. Johnson Clench (of riper years).
Walter Butler Dockstadder (ot riper years).
Mar. 2. Colley William Foster, of C!olley Alexander and Ann.
3. Elizabeth Slack, of George and Mary (bom 4 Dec).
11. Catherine Berryman.of Edgar and Rachel (born 9 Sept, '31).
15. George Kinsley, of George and Mary.
18. Margaret Ann Brownlee, of Thomas and Sarah (bom
18 Jan., '31).
20. Walter Duezzler Clement, of Peter Ball and Elizabeth (bom
8 Dec, '31).
April 1. George Appleford, of William and Amelia (bom 23 Dec,
1831).
8. Margaret Ann Dority, of Thomas and Ann (bom 23 March).
12. Frederick Moore Clement,
Jonathan Putman Clement,
Margaret Clement,
Caroline Clement,
Joseph Clement,
Rebecca Clement,
Elizabeth Ann Clement,
Jane Clement,
17. Robert Pierce Maskell, of Michael and Eleanor.
Michael Maskell (of riper years).
June 14. Eliza Euretta Richardson, of Charles and Eliza.
Eliza Clench (of riper years).
26. Emilie Goudie, of David and Sarah (bom 18 May).
Aug. 25. Mary Elizabeth Wait, of Richard and Elizabeth.
John Courtland Secord (born 18 Sept, '29).
Sophia Electa Secord (bora 1 July), of Elijah and Catherine.
Jane 27. William Colborne Johnson, of Hugh and Mary (Adelaide)
(bom 7 July).
Mary Ann Robinson, of James and Susan.
of John Putman and Rebecca.
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WEDDINGS AT NIAGARA. 53
WEDDINGS AT NIAGARA, 1792.
Aug. 23. Henry Warren, bl., and Catherine Aglor, spinr.
Michael Showers and Elenor Thorn.
24. Captn. James Hamilton to Louise^ his wife.
They had been married by some commanding oflSeer or
mafj^strate and thonght it more decent to have the
office repeated.
Corporal Crawford and Widow Farewell.
Dr. Bobt. Richardson, bir., and Magdalene Asken, spinr.
Daniel Cassady, widr., and Ann Dennis, spinr.
James Everingham and Catherine Lemon.
Mathew Pearson, br., and Catherine Cowell, wid.
James Barley, br., and Mary Crysler, spr.
Ensign Lemoine, blr., and Susan Johnston, spinr.
Alexander Allen, br., and Mary Sporbeck, widow.
William Spencer and Rachel Ostrander, spinr.
Peter Holme and Sarah Goodman.
William Knott, br, and Elizabeth Haggerty, spr.
John Hitchcock, br., and Martha Bal', spr.
William Price, br., and Phebe Soper, spr.
Bartholomew DuniL br, and Mar^^t. Harslip.
George La we, br., and Elizabeth McQrath, spinr.
Daniel Gleesand, br., and Mary Van Every, widow.
George Browne and Mary Cheen (of the 5th Regt).
Andrew Van Every, br., and Jane Purbice, spr.
Frederick Smith, br., and Elizabeth Rosarayer.
William Dickson, bachr., and Charlotte Adiara, spr.
Enos Scott, br., and Christina Beaumond.
Isaac Smith and Sarah Showers, spr.
Cornelius Dongan, br., and Nancy Adams.
Samuel Mather, br., and Dorithy Du Forest, spr.
Briant, br., and Eve Durham, spr.
Jacob Ostrander, br., and Ellin Clarke.
James Hurst, br., and Margaret Kamp, spr.
Thomas Adams, bachr., and Margaret Disher, spr.
John Wilson, br., and Jane Adams, spinster.
George Adams, bachr., and Phcbe Smith, spinr.
John Cain, batchelor, and Ann FitzGerald, widow.
John Crysler, br., and Elizabeth Morden, spinr.
Mathew Wormwood and Margaret Wintermute.
William Wallace, bachr., and Ann Doudle, spinr.
Cornelius Volick, br., and Eve Larraway, spinr.
James McBride, bachr., and Sarah Read, widow.
Peter Whitney, br., and Margaret Haynes, spinster.
1793.
Jan.
24.
Feb.
4.
April
2.
14.
May
4.
Jane
5.
6.
July
13.
21.
28.
Oct
6.
24.
Dec.
8.
9.
29.
1794.
Mar.
3.
5.
April
12.
June
3.
4.
24.
July
10.
Sept
26.
Oct
5.
Nov.
3.
Dec.
2.
7.
179
15.
Jan.
28.
Mar.
3.
9.
15.
24.
April
11.
13.
Digitized by
Google
54 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Israel Birch, br , and Deborah Bellinger, spr.
James Muirhead, bachr., and Deborah Butler, spinr.
Andrew Templeton, bachr., and Mary Johnston, spinr.
Ebenezer Hodges, br., and PoJly Sceeley, spinster.
James Clark, bachr., and Elizabeth Hare, spr.
John Jacks, br., and Rose Moore (Negroes).
John Edens, br, and Martha Allen, spr.
Lieut. Falkner, of the 5th Regt, and M. Redding, spr.
Capt Geo. Hill, widower, and Isabella Ford, widow.
James Wallace, bachr., and Charity Doudle, spr.
David Kamp, br., and Rebecca Ransier, spr.
Alexander Stewart, br., and Jemima Johnson, spr.
John Soper, bachr., and Elizabeth Price, spr.
♦Moses and Phoebe, Negro slaves of Mr. Secy. Janria
Gfeorge Woodley, widr., and Catherine Bowman, spr.
John Cain and Sarah Clarke.
Roser Bland, br., and Sarah Haynes, spinr.
Charles Siliick, blr., and Elizabeth Qihson, spr.
Zacharia Hajner, bachr.. and Sophia Brown, spr.
Abraham Nelles, br., and Catherine Ball, spinr.
Jacob Ten Broeck, bachr., and Priscilla RcAd, spr.
Samuel Backhouse, br., and Mary Percy, spinr.
Cuff Williams and Ann, Negroes from Mr. C. McNabb.
John Boyce, bachr., and Mary McLaughlin, spinr.
Jacob Cochannon and Mary Stevens.
Thomas Burch, bachr., and Eliz'th Nicholson, spinr.
Lieut. James Givens, bachr., and Angelica Andrews, spr.
Adam Beemer, bachr., and Eve Bowman, spr.
John Moirhead, bachr., and Elizabeth Vanderlip, spr.
Barnabas Cain, widr., and Cyble Clinton, widow.
George Havens, bachr., and Elizabeth Rice, spinr.
Stephen Prichard and Anna Collier.
William Havens, bachr., and Elizabeth Schram, spr.
Jonathan Jones, br., and Sarah Kelly, spinr.
Titus Simons, bachr., and Elizabeth Green, spr.
William Emery, bachr., and Mary Holiday, widow.
Samuel Boyd, br., and Jane Gregory, spr.
Joel Wooding and Susan Shields, spr.
Elias Gillis, bachr., and Rebecca Layton, spinr.
Daniel Fuller, bachr., and Susan Harris, spr.
John Ledan and Mary Humphreys.
John Johnston, br., and Margaret Anderson, spr.
William Nelles, bachr., and Margaret Ball, spinr.
* Although by Act of Parliament slavery was abolished as far as slaves coming into
the coontrj, children did not obtain their full freedom till a certain age.
May
3.
19.
June
9.
22.
Aug.
29.
30.
1796.
Mar.
6.
April
27.
June
22.
July
17.
Oct
1.
Dec
7.
13.
1797.
Feb.
5.
12.
Mar.
6
11.
19.
May
2.
July
9.
Sept.
30.
Oct
12.
23.
Nov.
7.
26.
Dec.
29.
1798.
Jan.
2.
0.
Feb.
11.
Mar.
4.
17.
Apr.
1.
10.
Jane
3.
Sept
4.
Dec.
2.
7.
31.
1799.
May
29.
June
19.
July
8.
16.
Digitized by
Google
WEDDINGS AT NIAGARA.
55
Peter Coekle, br., and Elizabeth Boyce, apin.
Major Slater and Christina Thomas.
Qeorge Campbell, bachr., and Eliz'th McLaughlan, spr.
Bethnel Banker and Josette Ambroisoule.
Col. Samuel Smith, bachl., and Jane Isabella Clarke, spr.
Thomas Dickson, bachr., and Eliza Taylor, widow.
Benjamin Skinner, br., and EUiza Drean, spr.
James Davidson, widower, and Mary Clarke, spr.
William Parnell, br., and Elizabeth Goring, spr.
Libbins Porter, bachr., and Ann Adams, spr.
John Neach, bachr., and Margaret Lighthall, spr.
Johnathan Leet, br., and Elizabeth Godfrey, spr.
Enoch Monett, br., and Jane McKenzie, spinr.
John Morrison and Mary Campbell
Alexander Douglas, br., and Margt De Mille, spr.
James Macklem, br., and Lydia Smith, spinr.
Edmond Raymond, br., and Elizabeth Wintermute, spr.
Elihu Sheldon, br., and Nancy Dickinson, spinr.
Samuel Rose and Jane Hays.
William Devenish, br., and Jane Webster, spinr.
John Symington, bar., and Elizabeth Crooks, widow.
Eustace Parge, br., and Nancy Jacobs, spr.
John Thompson, br., and Catherine Stuart, spr.
Thomas James, br., and Mary Bowers, spr.
John Eaglesharo, br., and Elizabeth Jack, spr.
Samuel McKay, br., and Mary Whasson, spr.
John Johnson Laffity, br., and Mary Johnson, spr.
David Price, br., and Margaret Gaunder, spinr.
Abner Everet, br., and Catherine Lichman, spr.
Solomon Skinner, br., and Rachel Vrooman, spr.
Arthur Burton, br., and Sarah Wallace.
Benjamin Carty and Mary Suttonfield (Americans).
Prince Robinson and Phillis Gibson (negroes).
Jacques Marchand, br., and Elizabeth Bowman, spr.
John Laplace, br., and Elizabeth McFall, spinr.
Michael Bellinger, br., and Mary Koch, spr.
John Coltman, widr., and Elizabeth Lyons, spinr.
Andrew Smith, br., and Nancy Lyons, spinr.
William Bowen and Elizabeth Brown.
James Guggins, br., and Content Bassell, spr.
Mathias Steel, br., and Catherine Anderson.
Thomas Waters, br., and Judith Fritz, spinr.
•William D. Powell, br., and Sarah Stephenson, spr.
* This was evidently a case of elopement, as shown by a letter in the Historical Room
from Wm. D. Powell, dated Queenston, 28th July, 1801, to Robert Neilee, 40-Mile Creek
(now Grimsby), thanking him and his wife for helping their escape. W. D. V. was a
member of the first Law Society of U.C, 1797.
Aag.
13.
25.
Sept
3.
14.
Oct
21.
Nov.
17.
Dec.
a
7.
24
29.
1800.
Jan.
14.
15.
2a
Feb.
16.
22.
2a
26.
March 3.
la
22.
May
Jalj
5.
8.
12.
Aug.
9.
17.
20.
26.
Oct
2.
19.
20.
De&
1.
30.
1801.
Jan.
1.
8.
Feb.
12.
14.
23.
2a
March 2.
July
2a
26.
Digitized by
Google
56 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
William Needham, br, and Catherine McDonald, spr.
Edward Taylor, br., and Hannah CoUard, spr.
Adam Bowman, br., and Hannah May, spr.
John Smith, br., and Catherine Goring, spr.
Erasmus Kelly, br., and Anna Boyd, spinr.
John Alexander and Mary Christina Talbot
Garret Schram, br., and Leah Vanatten, spinr.
John Riley, bacr., and Catherine Vanatten, spinr.
John Martin Horton, br., and Catherine Dorshimer, spr.
Samuel Davidson, br., and Flora McDonell, spr.
James Larraway, br., and Maria Griffin, spr.
George Tnmey, br., and Ann Smith, spinr.
Allen McDougal, br., and Frederica Whitsell, spr.
John Miller, br., and Catherine Woolman, spr.
John Campbell, br., and Lueretia Bailey, widow.
Conrad Miller, bar., and Magdaline Browne, spr.
James Cushman, br., and Mary Boise, spr.
Thomas John Forbes, br. (R Art), and EUiza Herbert, spr.
John Bowman, br., and Elizabeth Hoghstroper, spinr.
David Thompson, bacr., and Jcuae Gamble, .spinr.
John Robertson, bacr., and Elizabeth Read, spinr.
Alexander Marshall and Mary Gray, spinster.
James Connover, br., and Jalia Lambert, spr.
John McCIellan, bacr., and Jane Thompson, spinr.
William Parker, widower, and Catherine Parsley, widow.
John Hatter, bacr., and Aiina Magdalina Gastman, spr.
Johnson Butler, widower, and Sosan Hatt, spinr.
John May, bachr., and Dorithy Hainer, spinr.
Edward Gahan, br., and Mary Fields, spinr.
William Kent, bachr., and Rebecca Bradshaw, spr.
Jesse Jones, bachr., and Anna Bemer, spinr.
Richard Griffin, br., and Anna Collver, spinr.
Peter McBride, bacr., and Eliza Hurst spinr.
Sergt Thomas Cummins, br., and Eliza Woods, spr.
David Van Every, br., and Elliza Jones, spinr.
Duncan Clow, br., and Eliza Smith, sninr.
John Emery, bachr., and Jane McBriae, spinr.
Charles Trump, br., and Christina Cook, spr.
Elias Smith, bachr., and Ann Secord, spinr.
James Millmine, br., and Mary Lutes.
Ambroise De Farcy and Ellin Weymouth, spr.
Calvin Grant bacr., and Elizabeth Browne, spinr.
John Lyons, bachr., and Elizabeth Barlow, spr.
Peter Welsh, bachr., and Sophia Brady, widow.
James Maitland McCuIlah, bachr., and Sarah Woodmfl^ spr.
Thomas Dickson, Esq., widr., and Archange Grant spinr.
July
2G.
Aug.
27.
Sept
1.
Oct
1.
25.
Nov.
8.
19.
22.
24.
29.
Doc.
9.
20.
21.
1802.
Jan.
1.
3.
C.
19.
Fed.
3.
March 2.
28.
30.
April
5.
6.
22.
May
26.
July
15.
Aug.
5.
31.
Sept
21.
22.
29.
Oct
1.
5.
7.
21.
Nov.
4.
11.
Dee.
6.
4
19.
1808.
Jan.
2.
11.
June
9.
Sept.
20.
Digitized by
Google
WEDDINGS AT NIAGARA. 67
*Martin McClellan, bachr.» and Eliza Grant, spr.
Henry Redecher, br., and Jane Butcher, spr.
William Lawrence, br., and Mary Cudney, spinr.
Joseph Smith, bachr., and Jane Brown, widow.
George Forsyth, br., and Catherine Ten Broeck, spr.
George Read, br, and Clementina Secord, spinr.
Isaac Secord, bacr., and Carolina May Margt. Bindle, spr.
f Robert Jupiter, br., and Mary Ann Arrishew, spr.
George Ball, hncr., and Catherine, Oberholtzer, spinr.
Samuel Bingle, bacr., and Maria Waddel, spinr.
Thomas Butler, bacr., and Ann Ten Broeck, spr.
Alexander McKee, bachr., and Sarah Powis, spinr.
John Read Phoenix, br., and Margaret Read, spr.
William Westover, bacr., and Catherine Hosteiter, spr.
Hugh Freel, bacr., and Anna Clinton, spinr.
Stephen Conteur, br., and Charlotte FranccEur, spr.
Fred. Augustus Goring, br., and Ann Hostetter, spr.
Daniel Crostwait, br., and Eliz'th Bradshaw, spinr.
Henry Facer, widower, and Mary Reynolds, widow.
Henry Schram, bacr., and Catherine Conway, spinr.
Thomas McGuire, br., and Bridget Saunders, spr. (41st).
Francis Crooks, bachr., and Mary Sta<rg, spinster.
Benjamin Faerchild, widr., and Margaret Muir, widow.
John Silverthom, br., and Mary Steinhoff, spinr.
Abraham Phoenix, bacr., and Ellen Hodgkinson, spr.
Isaac Swayz^, widr., and Lena Ferris, widow.
James Freel, bacr., and Nancy Chambers, spinr.
Robert Chestnut, Wr., and Nancy Fisher, widow.
Abraham Cook, bacr., and Eve Clyno, spinster.
James Glover, bacr., and Elizabeth Pettit, spinster.
Frederick Lampman, br., and Lydia Shippy, spinr.
Solomon Vrooman, bachr., and Mary Brown, spinster.
Pierre Le Point, bachr., and Catherine Francoeur, spinr.
John Milton (sergi 41st Regt.), bachelor, and Lettice Miller,
spr.
David Putman, bachr., and Dorithy Hainer, spinr.
JSt. John Bapt. Rousseau (of the Indian Department), widower,
and Margaret Clyne, spinster.
Louis Haynes, bachr., and Eve Clandenin, spinster.
Samuel Hatt, Esq., bachelor {from Ancaster), and Margaret
Thompson, spinster (Niagara).
* This must be the Capt. Martin McLellan killed at the taking of Niagara, 27th May,
1813 ; a tablet at the north door of St. Mark's records his name with those of three others
who feU in battle.
fThis must be tlie slave Jupiter, belonging to the Servos family.
Z Interpreter to Indians.
D.C.
21.
1804
Jan.
10.
April
June
1.
21.
July
Aug.
Sept
25.
23.
9.
10.
Oct
28.
Nov.
2.
4.
1805.
April
Jane
22.
26.
July
Sept
Oct
2.
4.
20.
Nov.
5.
16.
1806.
Jan.
6.
26.
Mar.
20.
April
July
Aug.
Sept
6.
13.
10.
14.
18.
Oct
11.
Nov.
2.
26.
Dec.
17.
Nov.
31.
1807.
Mar.
19.
April
May
19.
19.
24.
June
30.
July
Oct
1.
21.
Digitized by
Google
58 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
George Aug. Ball, bachr., and Ann Pawling, spinr.
James Cadney, beu^hr., and Mary Young, spinr.
Jacob Boyce, bachr., and Catherine Riaenburg, spinr.
Lieut. William Procter, bachr. (brother to (5)1. Henry com-
manding at Fort George), and Joan Crooka, spr.
Harmonious House, bachr., and Susan Bradt, spinster.
Andrew Heron, widower and Catherine McLeod, widow.
John Fentrill, bachr., and Sarah Boarman, spinster.
John Secord, bachr., and Jannett Crooks, spinster.
Alexander Simcoe Stevenson, bachr., and Catherine Hainer,
spr.
Thomas B. Gough, Elsq.,bachr.,and Margaret McBride, spinster.
William Crooks, Esq., bachr., and Mary Butler, spinster.
James Crooks, bachr., and Jane Cummings, spinster.
Michael Coom, widower, and Margaret Smith, widow.
Joseph Wheaton, bachelor, and Elizabeth Rowe, widow.
Thomas Clark, bachelor, and Mary Margaret Kerr, spinster.
Jacob H. Ball, bachelor, and Catherine Clement, spinster.
Carston Chorus, bachelor, and Mary Castleman, spinster.
John Smith, bachelor, and Elizabeth Cox, spinster.
Major William C. Short (41st Regt), widower, and Jane
Crooks, spinster.
Frank Wilson, bachr., and Nancy Philips, spinr. (of colour).
James Murphet Hutchinson, widower, and Ellen Quinn,
widow (100th Regt.).
Samuel Wood, bachr., Asst Comy., and Eleanor Pawling, spr.
Cornelius Harrington, bachelor, and Nancy Favourite,
spinster (100th Begi>
John Wilson, widower, and Ann McFarland, spinster.
Malon Bumell, Esq., bachelor, and Sarah Haun, spinster.
{froTn near Fort Erie,)
Timothy Stuart, widower, and Tbeodosia Owens, spr.
Thomas Smith, bachelor, and Anna Hall, widow.
Abraham Larzderc, bcushelor, and Catherine Toung, spinster.
James Gordon, Esq., Asst Comy., bachelor, and (>kroline
Merritt, spinster.
Russel Atkin Smith, bachelor, and Unice Martin, spinster.
Thomas Deary, bachelor, and Sarah Beauquett, widow.
William Lee and Jane Boise (of Colour).
Benjamin Slaytor, widower, and Sarah Parker, widow.
Johnathan Lawrence, widower, and Hannah Srigley, widow.
James Fellon (private soldier 100th R^t.), bachr., and
Margaret McEenzie, spinster.
18. Ebenezer Collven, widower, and Phoebe Coon, widow
( from the IS-Mile Creek).
JNOV.
1.
15.
25.
Dec
11.
1808.
Jan.
2.
April
May
2.
1.
3.
19.
22.
Dec.
1.
8.
26.
1809.
Jan.
8.
Mar.
30.
May
4.
30.
June
18.
July
30.
Aug.
20.
30.
Sept.
Oct.
7.
10.
Dec
14.
1810.
April
20.
May
Jane
2.
6.
July
Aag.
29.
2.
Sept.
Oct
2.
4.
10.
Nov.
2.
1811.
March 9.
Aag.
11.
Digitized by
Google
WEDDINGS AT NIAGAEA. 59
Dec. 5. Alexander Tbom (sorgeon 41st Regt), b^cbr^ and Hannah
K Smith, spinster.
9. Joseph Hiltz, widower, and Lney Cooper, spinster.
16. Alexander Cameron, Eaq., bachr., and Catherine Batler, spin.
17. James Waters and Clarissa Sorell, spr. (of coloar).
21. Robert Nicholl {from Woodhoaae), bachr., and Theresa
Wright, spinster. .„
1812.
ar. 30. Benjamin Oeale (Lient. 41st Regt.), bachr., and Catherine
Claus, spinster.
ly 5. ThomaH McCormick, bachelor, and Angusta H. Jarvis,
spinster,
le 28. John Stevenson (soldier of 41st Regt), bachr., and ^ Ann
Hone, spr.
6. James Dnrand (of Barton), widower, and Kezia Morrison, spr.
813. ' rt. K .
II. James Jackson (of the R. Arty.), bachr, and Martha
Saunders, spr.
22, Comelins Bams, bachr., and Ann Stall, spinster.
15. George Brewer, bachr., and Eliz'th Sutcliff, spinster.
29. *Lieut. Alexander Garrett (of 49th Regt.), bachelor, and
Amelia Thompson, spinster, r^u'. ^~ ^
4. Daniel Lealey (private of 49th Regt), bachr., anP Mary
Madlin, spinster.
2. John Bender, bachr., and Catherine Bradt, spinster.
The Mohawk chief. Captain Norton, was married to his wife
Catherine (I thinK), on the 27 July, when she was
baptized ; and Jacob Johnson, another Mohawk chief,
was married to his wife Mary on the 21 Aug., this year.
8. Richard Hope, widr., and Elizabeth Howell, widow.
[9. Thomas McNamara (purser of the Charwell), bachr., and
Mary Ann La we, spinster.
Mem. — ^These two entries are wrong placed.
8. Stephen Pritchard, widower, and Judith Hay, widow.
0. Zacharias Richart, widower, and Pamela Hall, widow.
^. John Smith, bachr., and Sarah Anderson, spinster.
1. Russell McWhittaker, bachr., and Ann Libson, widow.
'. John Berry, widower, and Mary Dockhart, widow.
Arba Stinson, bachr., and Catherine Stontenburgh, spinr.
George Bond, bachr., and Hannah Hill, spinster.
John C. Ball, bachr., and Margaret Frey, spinster.
Sergt. Hay Fenton, bachr., and Amelia Ball, spinr. (Rl.
Scots).
Thos. Stewart (Lieut Royal Scots), bachr,, and Mary
IDomford, spr.
t i^th Hrock at Queenston Heights.
r be noticed that there are no marriages from May 2nd, 181H, to 1814, except
^n chiefs. The town was in possession of the Americans from 27th May to
Digitized by
Google
60 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
May 9. Thos. Denshaw, bachr., and Margaret McPhersoiiy spr.
(R. Scots).
30. Abraham Jackson (gunner R. Artillery), bachr., and Mary
McKenzie, spinster.
Sept. 28. Thomas Newton (gnnner Marine Artillery), bachr., and
Catherine Thompson, widow.
Oct. 22. Michael (Corpl. R. Sappers and Miners), bachelor, and
Margaret Fenton, widow.
Nov. 9. Sergt. John Knox (R. Scots), bachr., and Ann McCormick,
widow.
18. David Donely (private 100th Regt.) ,bachr., and Mary Qoinn,
widow.
Dec. 7. James Murray (gunsmith), bach., and Elizabeth Read, widow.
IG. Sergt George Smith (Royal Scots), bachr., and Martha Phil-
lips, widow.
28. Isaac Ryan, bachelor, and Margaret La Ville, spinster.
1815.
Apr. 20. George Phillpots (Lieut R. Engineers), bach., and Miss Maria
McNabb, spinster.
23. Robert Chrysler, bachelor, and Anna Robbs, widow.
June 4. *John Oakley (clerk in the field train), bachr., and Mary
Henry, spinster.
8. George Keefer, widower, and Jane Emery, widow.
July 10. Thomas Arnold (D. A. C. G.), bachelor, and Mary Crooks, spr.
Aug. 20. Robt. Moore (clerk in the Commissariat), widower, and Maria
Youno, spinster.
Oct. 17. Thos. McQuarters (CorpL R. Can. Vols.), bachr., and Jane
McQuillan, spinster.
18. John Hunt, bachelor, and Mary Dayton, spinster.
29. John Aston, bachelor,, and Rachel Camp, spinster.
Mem. — I have lost the date of the two following mar-
riages which took place some time this month.
John Crilly (Sergt 82d Regt) and Margaret Robinson.
John Wertem (Sergt 82d Regt) and Sarah Studley.
R. Addison.
1816.
Jaa 4. Walter Dettrick, bachr., and Jane Fields, spinster.
Joseph Coddington, bachr., and Hannah, Standliff, spinr.
18. John Clandenning, bachr., and Margaret Dettrick, spinr.
25. fMr. Alexander Hamilton, bachr., and Miss Hannah Jarvis,
spinr.
Mar. 2. Michael Daily, bachr., and Mary Price, spinr.
18. William Trimble (asst Surgn. :57th Regt), bachr., and Mary
Secord, spinster.
May 23. John Cox, bachr., and Salome Hughston, spinr.
Afterwards a teacher in Niagara, and also an exhorter and preacher in the Baptiit
Henry, '
Jinr, a ioldi
t Sheriff Hamilton.
church there. His wife, Mary Henry, wai daughter of the lighthouse-keeper, Niagara,
Dominick Hennr, a soldier under Comwallis.
Digitized by
Google
Jane
18.
Sept.
4.
5.
Oct.
a
13.
26.
31.
Nov.
7.
11.
28.
De&
12.
16.
1817.
Jan.
2.
25.
WEDDINGS AT NIAGARA. 61
William Stoneman. bachr., and Mary Rossin, widow.
William Daily (priv. 99th Regt.) bad)., and Mary Evans, spin.
Bryan Conden, bachr., and Susan Cox, spinster.
Charles Ingersoll, bachr., and Ann Maria Merritt, spin.
Robt Gillespie, Esq., of Montreal, bachr., and Ann Agnes
Kerr, Spinster.
Sergt. Wil'm Boyd (R. Ar.), bachr, and Sarah Hamilton,
widow.
John Withers (priv.- 99th Regt), bachr., and Ellen Lafferty,
widow.
Michael Thompson, widower, and Margt. Evly, widow.
Jacob A Ball, bachr., and Elizabeth Hostetter, spr. {of Gran-
tham),
George Read (seaman), bachr., and Mary Carey, spinster.
John Jarvis and Ann Peters (of colour).
Boyle Travers, bacr., and Hannah Larraway, spinr.
Jacob Vincent, bachr., and Mary Fountain, spinster.
Robert McDoui^^all, bachelor, and Mary Wilson, spinr.
Thomas Bushby (Lieut Royal Navy), bach., and Miss Sarah
Dickson, spinster.
26. Lancelot Chase, bachr., and Catherine Henry, spinster.
April 3. Peter Lampman, bachr., and Ann McKiel, spinr.
21. Baptist Blanchard, bachr., and Mary Depots, spinr.
July 19. Tannat Thompson, Esq. (D. A. C. G.), bachelor, and Margaret
Ann Usher, spinster.
Aug. 21. *Rev. William Samp'^on (Min'r of Grimsby), bachelor, and
Maria Eliza Nelles, spinster.
Sept. 1. Josiah Secord, widower, and Mary Baxter, spinster.
Nov. 11. Abraham Hostetter, bachr., and Mary Donaldson, spinr.
13. George Connolly, Esq. (99th Regt), bachelor, and f Elizabeth
Plummer Addison, spinster.
Dec 22. Edward Doyle, widower (of Kingston, bachr.), and EUizabeth
1818. Ann Pointer, spinster.
Jan. 17. Charles C. Alexander (Lieut Royal Engineers), bachelor, and
Jane Racey, spinster.
27. James Greenfield, bachr., and Christina Amet, spr. (70th
R^gt).
April 23. Benjamin Merethew, widower, and Martha Hill, widow.
May 1. Robert Kay (Sergt. 70th Regt.), bachelor, and Amey Monk,
spinr.
27. Abraham Secord, bachr., and Elizabeth Lampman, spinr.
July 8. Neil McVicker (priv. 70th R^-gt) and Dorcas Han way.
14. Joseph Phillips, bachelor, and Ann Hays, spinr. (servants to
Mr. Billings, of the Commissariat).
Aug. 17. Richard Pointer, widower, and Elizabeth Empy, spinr.
(Queeiiston),
* The Register of baptisms, marriages and burials at Grim^jby, by Rev. Wm. Sampson,
recorded farther on.
t Daughter of Rev. Robert Addison.
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62 ONTARIO BISTORICAL SOCIETY.
John Barker, bachelor, and Lydia Pier (Stamford),
James Wilson (bombardier R Arty.), bachelor, and Caiherine
Bams, spinster.
John Tindle, bachr., and Mary Bowman, spinr. (both of Stam-
fofd — Major Leonard's servants),
James Wilson, bachr. (brewer), and Mary Biggar, spinster.
James Gray McLean (of Montreal), bachelor, and Mary
Douglas (of Bertie), spinr.
Jacob Barninger, bachr., and Mary Bowman, spr. (IS-Mile
Creek).
James Patterson (master of schooner Mayflower), bachr., and
Ann Young, spinster.
April 4. *Cupit8on Walker and Margt Lee (of colour).
May 10. Mr. John Ross (merchant), bachr., and Alice Kerby, spinster.
13. Samuel Potts, bachr., and Mary Docksteder, spinr.
July 30. John McDonell (priv. 68th Regt), bachr., and Eliz'th Short,
spinr.
Claud Scott Brown (of Kingston — D.A.C.G.), bachelor, and
Elizabeth Symington, spinster.
Henry Ferron (68th Regt), bachr., and Catherine Powell,
spinr.
Peter (Dain, bachr., and Mary Cain, spinr.
Sept.
6.
21.
Nov.
29.
30.
1819.
Jan. 14.
Feb.
9.
Mar.
6.
Oct.
14.
Dec.
9.
25.
1820.
Jan. 12.
13.
Mar.
18.
Matthew McMuUen, bcushr., and Roxana Hodgkinson (of
Orantham).
Andrew Donaldson, (of Orantham), bachr., and Dorcas Borch
(of Louth), spinster.
Robert J. Kerr, bachr., and Mary -W., Douglas, spinster, at
the Hon. Mr. Clark's, Stamford.
30. John Shannon, bachr., and Hannah Merritt, spinr. (SJiort
HUlsl
May 16. Lieut. John Campbell Garden, bachelor, and Miss Mary
Thompson, spinster.
Oct. 17. Robert DicKson. Esq. (Bar.-at-law), bachr., and Miss Margaret
McKay, spinster.
Dec. 9. Lewis Levingston, bachr, and Mary Lee, widow (from the
Short Hills).
1821.
Jan. 17. John McMahon, bachelor, and Mary Hodgkinson, spinr. (both
of Grantham).
Oct. 9. William Allan, bachelor, and Sarah Mandigo (of colour).
Nov. 21. William Ward, bachelor, and Mary Claus, spinster (of colour).
1822.
May 5. William Benjamin Robinson (of White Chwrch in the Home
District), Esq., bachr., and Ann Eliza Jarvis, spinr.
June 26. George Henry, Iwichelor, and Mary Tale, spinster.
Aug. 15. Peter M. Ball, bachelor, and Jane Wilson, spinster.
* Can this be the son of the blind archer?
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Dec
4.
24.
1823.
Jan.
14.
16.
26.
Mar.
6.
April
10.
June
14.
Oct.
14.
Nov.
5.
Dea
25.
1824.
Jan.
26.
WEDDINGS AT NIAGARA. 63
Anthony Dusty, bachelor, and Mary Goodbeau, widow.
John Whitten, bachelor, and Jane Cassady, spinster.
George Cain, bachelor, and Letty Adams, spinster.
Robert Gray, bachelor, and Mary M. Emery, spinster.
William Smith, widower, and Catherine Owehs, widow.
Donald Chisholm, bachr., and Harriot McDougall, widow.
Samuel McCarter, bachr., and Sarah Eastman, widow.
John Beach, bachelor, and Sarah Dailey, spinster.
David W. Camp (Orimsby), bachr., and Adelia Northnjp
(Grantham).
Elias Smith Adams, br.,and Susan Merritt, spinr. (GrantJiam).
James Whitten, bachelor, and Jane Jobbit, spinr.
*Thomas Creen, bachr., and Ann D. Ball {Thorold), spr.
By Wm. Leeming, i/in. Chippawa.
James H. Sampson, bachelor, and Elizabeth Ropes, spinr.
(by licence).
April 21. John Calcut, bachr. (private 76th Regt, discharged), and
Margaret Blackney, spinster (by banns).
May 14. John R Muirhead, Esq., and Ann Dockstadder, spr. (by
licence).
Sept. 16. J. P. Slocum, bachelor, and Maria B. Slingerland, spr. (by
licence).
Oct 16. Thomas McNamara, widower, and Ann Henry, spr. (by
licence).
Nov. 23. David Wm. Smith, Esq., bachr., and Harriet Secord, spinster
(of Queenston) (by licence).
Dec 16. Walter Butler, bachelor, and Caroline Pottet, spinster.
By R. W. TuNNEY,
Chaplain to theforceSy officiating at Foi^t George.
Mar. 21. Charles Ward (saddler), bachr., and Margaret Campbell, spr.
John McGlashan (storekeeper to the Comm.), bachelor, and
Jane Withers (both of Niagara).
April 6. Alexander Campbell (stonecutter) and Elizabeth Qreenlees,
spr.
June 8. James Butler, bachr., and Ann Ten Broeck (GrantJiam).
10. Rhodolphus Flanner (Gore Diet) and Mary Ann Cox, spr.
(Niagara),
July 2. John Green (of Stamford), bach. (68th Regt.), and Betsy
-'^•2J Griffith (Niagara).
1825.
Jan. 4. John Claus, bachelor, and Mary Stewart, spinster.
13. Patrick Fagan (stonecutter), bachr., and Lucy Abkit, spinr.
25. Enos Nickerson, bachr., and Ann Westover, spr. (both of
Grantham).
* The Rev. Thomas Green, who became assistant to Rev. R. Addison and then his
successor. He taught the Grammar School at one time, and again a classical school
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C4 OXTAKIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Feb. 3. Joshaa Fenis Cushman {of Nidgara), bachelor, and Ann
Connover, spinster {of Grantham),
Mar. 9. John Gilleimand, bachr., and Sarah Hostetter, apr. (f)oth of
Gi'anOtam).
Lewjs Butler, and Jean Boshmore (of colour).
Thomas Hero, bachelor, and Jenny Johnaon, widow (of
colour).
Richard Fitz^rald, bachr., and Sophia Fitzgibbon, spinster
{bath of Ifiagara).
Philo Sandford {of Rochester, N.T.) and Martha Burgees
spinster.
Patrick Gorman, bachr., and Rose Ann Demin, spinr.
William Moffatt, br., and Ann Phillips, widow.
Isaac Lacey, br., and Maria Lanoway, spr.
James Muirhead, br., and Mary Heron, spr.
John McClelland, br., and Mary Fluellan, spr.
Thomas Read, br., and Bridget Dwier, widow.
Alexander Millar, br., and Mary Chew, spr.
Donald Campbell, br., and Rebecca Motherwell, spr.
James Wilson, br., and Janet Elliot, spr.
Herman Hoffstader, br., and Catherine Carrol, spr.
George Buchan, br., and Elizabeth Jones, widow.
Martha Green, br., and Fanny Miller, npr.
Thos. Creen, Minr. of Niagara^
John Scott, br., and Ellen Swayze, spinster.
*James Jeremiah Ralston, br., and Mary.Shaw, spr.
James Adams (cold.), br., and Rachel Crysler (cold.), spr.
Benjamin Ulman, br., and Eliza Fields, spr.
John Russel Shute, br., and Mary Haron, spr.
William Vanderburgh, br., and Temperance Hotchkiss, spr.
Thomas Lennox, br., and Elizabeth Rafferty, spr.
John Comals, br., and Sarah Ryne, spr.
Reuben H. Boughton, br., and Maria Barton, spr.
Samuel Secord, br., and Elizabeth Weaver, spr.
Archibald Craig, br, and Mary McClelland, spr.
William S. Chittenden, br., and Joan WoodmflF, widow.
Seth Johnson, Esq. (Lt. 2nd Regt. U. S. Infantry), widower,
and Mary Cummings Spence, spr., were married at Fort
Niagara by me. Thos. Creen, Asst Minst.
Eidward Clark Campbell (barrister), bachelor, and Ann
Isabella Burns, spinster.
William Cassadey, bachelor, and Catherine Anderson, spinr.
John Coughall, biichelor, and Joanne Merethew.
* A teacher of Niagara District Grammar School
April
7.
Aug.
22.
Nov.
5.
1826.
Aug.
21.
Sept.
12.
25.
Oct
19.
26.
Nov.
25.
Dec
12.
1827.
Mar.
26.
April
10.
May
16.
80.
Sept.
13.
Dec.
27.
1828.
Jan.
15.
Jane
16.
Auff.
8.
1829.
Jan.
18.
March 3.
June
18.
April
21.
30.
July
19.
Sept
21.
Oct
28.
Nov.
20.
Mar.
26.
1830.
Feb.
10.
11.
24.
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WEDDINGS AT NIAGARA. 65
March 3. William Dicksou Swayze, bachelor, and Mary Durham, spinsr*
4. Richard Moffatt, baohr., and Mary Taylor, spinr.
10. Colley Alexr. Foster, br., and Ann Muirhead, widow.
1829.
Doc. 23. Andrew Heron {of Niagara), bachr., and Cynthia Bogardu^,
spr., were married by licence by me.
Thos. Cr££n, Minr. of Niagara.
Note. — This was omitted in the proper place.
1830.
Oct. 14. Peter Ball Clement {of this parish), br., and Elizabeth
Duezzler {of the same), spinr.
28. Stephen Mede and Lucy Leonard (of Stamfoi'd), (by banns
published in the parish of Stamford and certified by the
1831. rector).
March 8. Courtland Seoord {of Niagara), br., and Sarah Winter-
bottom, spr.
April 11. Joseph Delusantes, br., and Eliza Johnson, spr.
May 5. Thomas Dority, br., and Ann Mundy, widow.
21. Edgar Mills Lacey (Lieut 5th Regt. United States army),
br., and Cornelia A. Boardman, spr.
June 9. William Evans, br., and Lucy Fa^an, spr.
18. John E^y, br., and Mary Richardson, spr.
Sept. 30. William Campbell {Orantham), br., and Mary Ann McBeath
{of the same place), spr.
Oct 5. *Johnson Clench (Niagara), br., and Eliza Whistler (daughter
of Major Whistler, U. S. army), spr.
7. Walter Sparksman (Stamford), br., and Jane Stockiss {of the
same place), spr.
Nov. 10. John Cowan (of Trafalgar, in the Gore District), br., and
Martha Hill (of Stamford, fN.D.), spinster.
Robert Robertson (cold.), br., and Helen Poncett, spr.
John Millar, bachr., and Margaret Arnibtroug, spr.
Thos. Gardiner, bachr., and Jane Mott, widow.
John Precoor, bach., and Margaret Patterson, widow.
Asa Moulton (Thorold), bachr., and Mary Misener {of Crow-
land), spr.
Elijah Secord, bachr., and Catherine Eliz'th Smith, spinr.
Robert Cole, widower, and McClintock, spr.
George Barber, bachr., and Sarah Ayre, spr.
Richard Dockstadder (of York, in the Home District), br.,
and Mary Ann Comer.
Walter Hamilton Dickson (of this paHsh), bachr., and
Augusta Maria Ge ile (of the same), spr.
James Tyre, bachr., and Janet Clarke, spr.
Amasa C. Winslow (of Lockport, N,Y.), br., and Sarah R.
Cassady (of this parish), spr.
* Son of Ralph Clench, of Butler's Rangers, who was afterwards Judge Clench ; fought
also at Queenston Heights.
t N. D. stands for North Dorchester.
5
Dec.
1.
15.
1832.
Jail.
11.
Feb.
10.
March 1.
29.
Aug.
25.
Nov.
7.
10.
Sept.
22.
Nov.
29.
Dec.
4.
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66 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
BURIALS, NIAGARA. 1792.
July 30. Sara Rock, an infant
M. FitzGerald, an infant
Eliza Sheehan, dr. of W. B.
Aug. 16. A soldier in the fort on the other side of the river.
Sept 25. Saml. P. Janris, an infant of William Janris, Esq.
179a
May 31. Mrs. Catherine BaUer, wife of CoL Butler.
June A stranger.
July 6. Scram, an infant.
J. Alexr. Smith, an infant son of D. W. Smith.
11. A sergeant of the 5th Regt shot for desertion. He was
attended a good while before he suffered. He behaved
well.
Aug. 13. Francis Donelly.
17. A stranger from Van Every's.
20. Mrs. Vance, a soldier's wife.
23. Bowne, another soldier's wife.
Sept 19. Adam Chrysler.
John Read (at the lO-MUe Creek).
1794.
Jan. 9. John Butler, of Thomas, an infant
Young, wife of John (^-Mile Creek).
25. M. Kerr, wife of Robert Kerr, Esq.
Mar. 20. ♦Poet Wyndham, of the 5th Regt, shot himself.
Corporal Lamb, of the 5th Regt
Apr. 26. Mrs. E. Hill, wife of Assistant Hill. *
July A child of a poor stranger called Chambers.
Supt. 9. A soldier, surfeited by drinking cold water.
17. Longill, of the 5th Regt
Oct 7. , wife of James Chambers.
21. James Chambers, an unfortunate stranger.
Nov. 11. Anthony Slingerland.
Dec. 15. Mr. Baniham, a stranger, dropped down dead.
1795.
Jan. 25. An infant child of the Atty General's servant
Mar. 22. Widow Chrysler.
Mary, wife of John Cain.
James Robinson.
Sept Robert McNabb, of Allen, an infant
Oct 11. Mary Louth, an infant child, of the 5th Regt
20. R. B. Tickel. Alas, he was starved.
Nov. 22. J. Smith, Colonel of the 6th Regt
1796.
April 2. Lieut Falkner, of the 5th Regt
• Possibly Pvte.
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BURIALS, NIAaARA« 67
May 15. Col. John Butler (of the rangers), my patron.
(Bom in New London, Connecticut Baptized 28 April,
1728. •W. McM., Hector.)
White, the butcher (from Er^land).
Jean Hamilton, of Robert and Catherine (infant).
Arent Bradt.
Catherine Hamilton, wife of the Hon. Robert
Charity, wife of James Wallace (carpenter).
Robert Wier.
Adams, an infant
K Clench, an infant daur. of Ralfe.
An Indian child.
Mrs. Field.
'Squire Lawrence (at York).
Mr. Johnson, a stranger.
Lieut Solomon Secord.
Servant of Mr. Justice Powell (killed in y'd well).
A poor stranger from Mr. McNabb'&
Poor West India Hatt, bror. to Richd. and Saml.
Peter McBride, worn out by excess at the age of 49.
A poor stranger from Ferris's.
Sergt. Rourck (Royal Can. Volunteers).
Sarah Secord, a woman from McMichael's.
Old Mr. Doudle.
Mra Eve Butler, wife of Johnson.
Mra Goring, wife of Francis (lO-MUe Creek).
Mrs. Ann Claus.
Looisa Miller, infant
Bombr. Gray (Royal Artillery).
Poor old Truraper, Capt Pilkington's gardiner.
Miss Nancy Johnson, from Capt Claus s.
Mr9. Hannah Alcock, wife of Mr. Justice Alcock.
Cut-Nose Johnson, a Mohawk chief.
Ann Needham (infant).
Mr. Goodridge, a stranger from the States.
Margaret Neach, wife of John.
Susan Pawling (infant).
Mrs. Waters, a negro woman.
John Andrew Butler (infant).
Captn. Dan. Servos.
* Rev. William McMorray, D.D., third rector of St. Mark's.
Sept
24.
Nov.
27.
29.
Dec.
15.
1797.
Feb.
23.
April
16.
May
23.
Sept.
27.
1798.
Jan.
1.
2.
July
3.
Aug. 30.
1799.
Jan.
24.
May
7.
Aug.
14.
21.
Oct
28.
Nov.
6.
1800.
May
17.
Sept
11.
Nov.
6.
1801.
Jan.
27.
Feb.
7.
Sept
25.
Oct.
3.
28.
1802.
Feb.
16.
Apr.
29.
Aug.
19.
20.
Sept
29.
1803.
Jul
2.
Mucb 2.
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68 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Mr. Hewitt, schoolmaster.
A child of Captn. Hughes.
Margaret McKay» wife of John.
William D. Powell, Esq., jr.
Maria Emery (infant).
Mrs. Ann Butler, wife of Andrew.
E. Lafferty (an infant).
An Indian chief.
Mr. Morrison, from Mr. Forsythe's.
Col. Peter Ten Broeck.
Mrs. Swayz^, wife of Isaac, Esq.
An Indian chief (Cut-Nose).
John Steins (infant, of sergt-majr. 49th).
Mr. Ferris, brother of Joshua.
Margaret Short, wife of Major Wm Charlea
Mary Bradshaw (infant).
Thomas Crabb, a stranger.
Sergt Richard Eelsall, of the 4Ist Regt.
A private soldier in the 4l8t Regi
Mary Jane Ann Elizabeth Short, daughter of Major Wm.
Charles 41st.
Mary Saunderson (infant).
Colvin Grant.
David Parker, senr.
Eliza Bachelor h^^^
Harriot Bachelor,/ ^'
Mrs. Jane Read (lO-Mile Creek).
Ann Clarke, infant.
Bridget McGuire (wife of sergt. 41st).
William Weeks, Elsq, (fell in a duel).
Elizabeth Clarke (wife of James).
John McBride (infant of Peter).
Mrs. Bachelor, wife of Bachelor, the saddler.
Old Mrs. Clement, widow.
Captain Stevenson (formerly of Queen's Rangers).
Sailor, drowned (name unknown).
Jacob Creem (of the Canadian Fencibles).
Charles L. Vigoureux (infant).
Margaret Freel (infant).
Martha Cook (infant, 4l8t Regt.).
Valentine Lewis (infant, 41st Regt.).
Robert Saunderson (butcher).
Mary Turner (41st Regt.).
John Conrad Oastman (an old German).
Stephen Secord (miller).
April
June
5.
15.
Sepb
19.
30.
Oct.
31.
1804.
May
July
Aug.
Sept.
23.
28.
10.
7.
9ft
Dec.
18.
1805.
Jan.
9.
July
15.
19.
Aug.
15.
16.
26.
Sept
10.
Oct.
1.
Nov.
2.
15.
Dec.
6.
10.
12.
1806.
Jan.
6.
Mar.
29.
Sept.
Oct.
21.
7.
25.
Dec.
20.
1807.
Jan.
6.
April
15.
16.
20.
May
19.
31.
July
13.
15.
Aug.
Oct
28.
21.
Nov.
14.
1808.
April
2.
Digitized by
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July
20.
Aug.
17.
Sept.
8.
24.
25.
26.
29.
Oct.
7.
25.
29.
30
Dec
25.
1809.
Jan.
13.
Mar.
31.
April
2.
May
23.
July
9.
17.
Aug.
22.
27.
31.
Sept
30.
Oct.
5.
12.
15.
Dec.
24.
1810.
Jan.
8.
Feb.
7.
April
10.
June
8.
10.
July
1.
2.
Aug.
6.
22.
31.
Sept
15.
Nov.
13.
1811.
Jan.
16.
25.
Mar.
11.
April
10.
May
9.
18.
Sept
12.
1812.
July
2.
BURIALS, NIAQABA. 69
SproQce, a boy of the 41ht Regi.
James Clarke, Esq., barrack-master.
Sarah Gray (infant, of the 41st Regt).
Ellen Field (infant, of Charles).
Ann Wilks (infant, of 41st Regt.).
Captain D. Cowan (Commander of the "Camden," Lake Erie).
John Brown, of the 41st Regt..
Mary McBean (infant, of the 41st Regt.).
Jane Wilson (wife of John).
John Hall (armourer 41st Regt.).
John McNabb, Esq.
Samuel Brammel (41st Regt.).
Mrs. Donohoo, housekeeper to Jos. Eklwards, Esq.
Samuel Bingle, husband to Maria Waddel.
Sarah Harrison (infant, 4l8t Regt.).
Elizabeth Page, from Mr. Heron's farm.
Catelina Butler, daughter of Andrew.
Lucy Wilmot, 41st Regt.
Mrs. Jane Fisher, from John Seoord's.
Eliza Phelps (infant, from Queenston),
Jane Hingston (infant, 100th Regt).
Richard Hatt Butler (infant, of Johnson).
Thomas Arangey, Sergt 100th Regt
Margaret McFarland, wife of John.
John Symington (infant) of John.
Margaret Fuller (infant) of Daniel.
Adam Vrooman, senr. {near Queenston).
James Walsh, 100th Regt
Colin McNabb, senr., Esq.
Mrs. Rachel Williams, widow.
Samuel Cassady, senr.
Mrs. Qould, widow, mother to Mrs. Lyons.
John Fisher.
Widow Gibbons.
Major Chs. Lyons, bar. master.
The Master Tailor of 100th Regt (killed by lightning).
Old Anna Meisner.
Amelia Wrath (infant, 100th Regt).
John Fluter, a labourer.
Mrs. Gertrude Pawling, widow of Jesse (12'MUe Creek),
Capt J. Andrews (100th Regt.).
Samuel Layton, sen.
Mrs. Anderson, wife of Charles (40-MUe Creek),
Ann Campbell.
Samuel Smith (private, 41st Regt).
Margaret, wife of Corporal Jones, 41st Regt.
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70 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Angus Harrison (infant, 4l8t I^gJ^)*
Annabella Clans (infant, of Col. Wm.).
Byfield (soldier, 41st Regt).
General Sir Isaac Brock 1 They fell together at Qoeenstoo
Colonel John *McDonald J and they were buried together
in the N.E. Bastion of Fort George.
Cunningham (soldier, 41st Regt).
John McEenzie (Co). Nicholas boy).
3. f Donald Campbell (Fort major).
Elizabeth Emery, widow.
Herman Hostetter {from the lO-Mile Creek).
Colonel Johnson Butler, and on 1
Thomas Butler, senr., his brother, j
Rachel Secord, wife of Daniel
Richard Beddoss, a cooper.
July
14
Aug.
23.
Sept
15.
Oct.
16.
Nov.
U.
16.
Dea
3.
6.
12.
14.
17.
22.
1813.
Feb.
3.
11.
18.
19.
20.
Mar.
April
13.
June
5.
July
16.
17.
Sept.
15.
18.
20.
Dec
13.
^Alexander Stewart, Esq. (barrister).
Mrs. Elsther Adlam.
Joshua Ferris.
John Hay.
John Symington (infant).
Dr. Glenning {at York),
Rachel Tucker (infant, 49th iEle^).
Oliver Thompson (son of Cornelius).
John Wilson, clerk to the Ordnance store.
§Colonel C. Bishop (died of his wounds).
Captn. Eingsley, paymaster to 8th Regt
Mr. Lewis, qur. master to the 8th Regt.^
Dennis Sweeny, farrier to 19th Dragoons.
Lieut. Rowland, 100th Regt.
^BT. Addison, Min, of Niagara.
Meh. — On the day on which the engagement between Sir
James Yeo and Com. Chaunoey took place on the Lake,
our dear friend Mrs. McNabb was buried in Mr. Servos's
burying ground, supposed to be the 29th Sept., 1813.
1814.
Feb. 12. John Moan (private, 4l8t Regt.).
10. Henry, jun. (R. Artillery).
June 25. Mrs. Mai^ K Ball, widow.
Jemima Clement (infant of James).
Aug. 2. Mr. Henry Ball (clerk in Paymr's Genl. Department).
9. Mr. C!omelius Thompson (H.P. Lieut.).
13. James Crookshankes (boy drowned).
15. Jemima Farish, wife of Larkm.
30. Mrs. Donaldson.
* The spelliDff of course U wroDg (McDonnell),
t Buried at ftrt George.
t Member of first Law Society, U.C, 1797.
§ We know that Col. Cecil Bishop was buried at Lundy's Lane, but Mr. Addison ooo-
ducted the funeral service there.
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BURIALS, NIAGARA. 71
Sept 6. Lieut Marsh (Marine Artillery).
Joseph Edwards, Esq., J.P.
Gunner Thompson (Koyal Artillery).
Mary Thompson, widow (RA.).
Daniel Spilman (civil engineer).
James Waters (infant).
Michael La Fleur (Can. Fencibles).
Constant Raymond (Can. Fencibles).
Gilbert Field (farmer).
Gunner Thompson (Royal Artillery).
Mary Thompson, widow of a sergt, RA.
Leonora Tolm (infant).
James Rawson (R Sappers and Miners).
Peter Ivers (infant).
George Lawe, Esq. (usher of the Black Rod).
Margaret Pender (infant, 99th Regt).
Mrs. Forsyth, widow of Geo. Forsyth, Esq.
Ellen, wife of Corporal Butler (99th Regt.>
J. Herd, Royal Artillery (fell down the mountain).
Diana Painter.
Thomas McQenn (private, 70th Regt).
Mrs. Molly MoBriae.
Mrs. Heward, schoolmistress.
Ann Cunningham, wife of an artilleryman.
N.B. — Sergt Thompson, of the Royals, died in the begin-
ning of July in this year, but the date is lost and
the name was left out in the proper place.
Charlotte MarshaU, wife of WiUiam (70th Regt).
Mrs. Powis, wife of Thomas.
William Charles Sampson (infant).
Mrs. A. Campbell (wife of Taylor Campbell).
Louisa Henry Vavassour (infant^
George Denham (infant of an emigrant).
Col. Benjn. Pawling (IS-MUe Creek).
Mra Garrett, wife of Dr. Garrett (70th Regt).
Peter Stevenson (infant), of Lieut James.
Mr. James (Storekeeper's Department).
John Jenkins Beardsley (infant).
Sergt Gibson (armourer, 68th Regt.).
Mary Ann Phillips (infant), of Joseph.
John H. Falcon bridge (barr. master).
Mr. Carrighan (private, 68th Regt.).
Ann, wife of John Wilson, merchant
Alexander Rogers (innkeeper).
12.
25.
30.
Nov.
14.
16.
Dea
10.
23.
1815.
Sept.
25.
30.
1816.
April
7.
Jane
5.
27.
Oct
10.
1817.
Feb.
17.
Mar.
31.
Jane
17.
27.
Sept
6.
19.
23.
Nov.
30.
1818.
Jan.
19.
Mar.
20.
Aog.
3.
5.
21.
Defe
16.
1819.
Jan.
26.
Feb.
24.
Mar.
12.
Aug.
20.
Sept
29.
Oct.
10.
26.
Nov.
6.
18.
19.
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72 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
Mary, wife of Robt. Brown (f^runner, R Arty.).
James Rogers (innkeeper). A bad profession for any bat
very sober men.
Mary Earl, spioster, aged 17 years.
John Cook.
Alexander Cameron, Esqr., barrister-at-law.
Mary Staunton, wife of Mr. Commissary Staunton.
John Symington, Esq. (collector of Customs).
Susan Traver, spinster.
Mr. William Muirhead (brother of Dr. M.).
Cybii Cain, wife of Barny.
Ensign Colin McNabb.
Elizabeth Travors.
-^— Jackson (an infant of colour).
M. Bowling, a pauper.
John Batter, an Eng. farmer {l^-Mile Creek).
John Dickson, son of Thos. D., Esq. {Qveeneton).
Mrs. Thomas, wife of old Thomas {J^-Mile Creek),
Celia Cobbit (68th Regt).
Benjamin Geale, Esq., son-in-law to Hon. Col. Claus.
John Milton (innkeeper).
Armstrong, a pauper.
*Rev. John Bums.
Mrs. Lowler, Whitten's mother.
John Bull, Esq.
John Whitten, carpenter.
George Diamond, pauper (misplaced).
John Campbell, tailor.
Mr. Stuart, from Mrs. Milton'a
Poor Old Hope.
William Varey (infant).
Mary Cokayne Frith, of Rev. Dr. (infant).
Pervan 0>urtland Secord, of Danl. (infant).
22. Mrs. Armstrong (a pauper).
Catherine Welsh, of Sergt. (76th Regt.).
1823.
June 19. James Stevenson, senr.
July 19. Hannah Wall.
23. Elizabeth Pilkington, wife of Dr. Pilkington.
Aug. 13. Elizabeth Watsoa
16. John Hammond.
Sept 15. Jane Watson (infant).
* One of the fini ministen of St. Andrew's, and perluips the first teacher of the
NieMim District Grammar School, founded 180S. He was captured by the Atnerirsif
donnff the War of 1812, and, it is siid, preached to his captors. One of his seroMNia
preached in Stamford, 1814, has been printed bj the Londy's Lane Historical Society.
Dec.
9.
21.
1820.
Apr.
11.
17.
Jane
14.
21.
Aag.
Oct
23.
3.
11.
22.
Nov.
13.
Dec.
18.
1881.
April
20.
22.
Jane
2.
July
Aug.
20.
1.
2.
Sept.
Nov.
1.
6.
1822.
Jon.
31.
Feb.
27.
2.
15.
26.
May
April
26.
7.
16.
Sept.
3.
11.
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BURIALS, NIAGARA. 73
30. Mrs. Barns, widow of the Rev. John.
28. Owen Hanley (a panper).
Oct. 3. Mrs. Hooper (schoolmistress).
John Hamilton.
Elizabeth Divine, aged IJ yeara \ p^^ p yrr tiivvtv
Mathew Murphy, aged 80 years. / ^''' ^ ^' TUN2^«Y.
Elizabeth Henry, a^ed 57 years. ) By Rev. R. W. Tun-
Mary Ann Maitland, aged 1| years. V NST, Chapln. to the
Mrs. Glass, aged 32 years. } Forces. i
1884.
Feb.
10.
April
May
6.
20.
Aug.
26.
Sept
10.
12,
26,
Nov.
17.
18.
29.
Dec.
1.
1825.
Jane
19.
Oct
29.
Nov.
8.
25.
30.
July
2_
a
27.
1829.
Oct
9.
16.
24.
Mrs. Gordon (drowned at Qaeenston), at St. Catharines.
Robert Japiter, of colour.
^Robert Nichol, E^. (killed by falling down the mountain).
Ann Cameron (infant).
A. Fi^gan, aged 29.
T. Pointer (an infant).
Ann Adlam.
Sarah Goodson, aged 10 years.
Edward Goodson, aged 43 years.
Mary Langhlin, aged 41 years.
Alex. Gardiner, aged 67 years.
J. B. Mairhead, Esq., aged 24 years.
Sarah Freen, aged 25 years.
David Johnson, aged 37 years.
Mary C. Lefoim.
By R W. TUNNET,
Chapln, offi/yiatvng
at Port George.
David Cudney.
George Whitmire, infant of John and Nancy.
Ann Whitmire, infant of John and Nancy.
Phebe Ann Hancock, aged 2 years, 4 months and 16 days.
John Richardson (infant).
Joseph Philips, aged 45 years.
John Mulligan, aged 3 years and 2 months.
John Newell, ag^ 36 years.
The Rev. Robert Addison departed this life on the 6th, in
the 75th year of his age.
Eliza Ann Cathline, aged 17 years.
James Smith, shoemaker, aged 40.
Here closes the list of burials in this book, except a few, as
burials 1850, Aug. 8, Frederick Tench, died 5th Aug., in
consequence of l^ing dashed against a tree on the com-
mon near the race-course, in running a horse of Capt.
Jones, aged 38.
Aug. 25. Samuel Cassaday, an old inhabitant of Niagara, aged 90.
* Buried at Stamford with Masonic ceremonies.
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74 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOOIBTV.
REGISTER OF BAPTISMS, COMMENCING 29th JUNE, 1817,
TOWNSHIP OF GRIMSBY.
Wm. Sampson.
2lS^ Sir laPPoi*^^ churchwardens for 1818.
[The Rev. Robert Sampson was minister of Grimsby from 1817 to
1822. ^The records were very neatly kept and a copy made for his own
use is in possession of the Niagara Historical Society. He was killed
accidently, his own rifle explc^ing. His wife was the daughter of
Abraham Nelles and Catharine Ball, the daughter of Jacob BalL]
1817.
June 29. John Little, son of Charles and Sarah Bigger, Trafalgar,
District of Oore.
Andrew Pettit, son of Charles and Sarah Bigger, Trafalgar,
District of Oore,
James Smith, son of Charles and Sarah Bigger, Trafalgar^
District of Oore.
Elizabeth Pettit, daughter of Charles and Sarah Bigger,
Trafalgar, District of Oore.
Aug. 10. Betny, daughter of Andrew and Anne Fowlds, Grimsby.
17. Sarah Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas and Mary Hill, **
Sepi 21. Frances Matilda, daughter of Robert and Maria Nelles, "
Elizabeth Maria, daughter of Edward and Margaret Pilking-
ton, Orimshy,
Mary Ann, daughter of Exlward and Margaret Pilkington,
Orirasby,
30. Stephen Benjamin, son of Valentine and Margaret Ward,
Louth.
Memorandum. — Made returns to the Society thus far,
18th Oct, 1817. W. S.
Oct 19. Jonathan Smith, son of Andrew and Mary Pettit, Orimsby.
30. Mary Ann, daughter of Charles and Ann Maria IngersoU,
Grantham.
Not. 9. John Nelles, natural son of Abraham Nelles and Elizabeth
Steinhoof, Grvmsby.
John Pettit, son of Amos and Margaret Bigger, Trafalgar,
John William, son of John and Eloe Pettit, Cfrimsby.
Dec 17. Ellen Maria, daughter of John and Ann Gordon, "
21. Joshua Fowlds, son of Gabriel and Amelia Toung, "
Lanty Shannon, son of Gabriel and Amelia Toung, **
Phoebe, daughter of Gabriel and Amelia Young, **
1818.
Jan. 4. Georffe, son of Alexander and Hannah Milmine, "
Elizabeth daughter of Alexander and Hannah Milmine,
Grimsby.
21. Elizabeth Augusta, daughter of Henry and Sarah Nelles,
Grimly.
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REGISTER OF BAPTISMS, TOWNSHIP OF OBUfSBT. 75
Jan. 28. Alice, wife of Jacob Markle, Toronto,
Coena, daughter of Jacob and Alice Markle, '*
Margaret, daughter of Abraham and Ann Markle, "
Feb. 22. Paul Hoffinan, son of John and Phoebe Moore, Orimihy.
Ann Sophia, daughter of Jacob and Mary Book, ''
March 1. William Henry, son of John and Mary Nelles, **
May 13. Rachel, daughter of Thomas and Rachel Runchey, "
April 8. Catherine Augusta, daughter of Gteorge and Catherine Ball,
Lavih.
May 24. Sarah, daughter of Thomas and Deborah Bridgman, Orimihy.
July 3. Margaret Nelles, daughter of Henry and Biurbara Fairfield,
OriTTuhy.
12. Jane Catherine, daughter of Henry and Mary Ball, lO-MUe
Creek.
19. Asa Pettit, son of Isaac and Elizabeth Smith, Orvmsby.
30. Maria Eliza, daughter of William and Maria Eliza Sampson,
Orimeby.
Aug. 20. Elizabeth, daughter of John and Isabel Carty Stronach,
Orand River.
23. Abraham, son of John and Mary Oakley, Orimsby.
Sept 25. John William, son of William and Eve Schram, Lovih.
Nov. 15. Joseph Howard, son of Joseph and Frances Mary Oakley,
Orimaby.
1819.
Jan. 13. Hannah Henderson, daughter of Alexander and Hannah
Owen Hamilton, Queenston.
Hannah, daughter of Thomas and Augusta Honorus Mc-
Cormick, Queenston.
31. Qeorge Garden, son of William and Mary Crooks, Grimsby.
Feb. 21. William, son of Andrew and Ann Fowlds,
May 16. Charles, son of Robert and Maria Nelles,
June 6. Robert Harper, son of Robert and Ann Thompson,
Aug. 22. Mary, daughter of Lawrence and Martha Buskark,
29. Mary Eliza, daughter of John and Mary Nelles,
Sept. 1. John William, son of Thomas and Mary Hill, "
In a different hand the next two entries, and signed B.
1820. B. Stevens.
Mar. 17. Thomas Feuilleteau, son of William and Mary Eliza Samp-
son, Orimsby.
Deborah, daughter of Jacob and Mary Book, Trafalgar.
April 16. John, son of Thomas and Polly McFerran {NeUson, Diet, of
Gore).
17. Ann, daughter of John and Ruth Bams, Grimsby.
Mary, daughter of John and Ruth Bams, "
23. Francis, son of William and Mary Crooks, ''
30. Mary Olivia, daughter of Henry and Sarah Nelles, "
May 7. Hannah, daughter of Alexander and Hannah Milmine, ''
June 11. Mary, daughter of John and Betsy Morris Thompson, '*
18. Mary, daughter of Thomas and Deborah Bridgman, *'
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76
ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
June 18.
Oct. 29.
Dec. 17.
1821.
March 2.
March 4.
14.
22.
23.
29.
April 2.
May 20.
June 3.
July 1.
8.
25.
29.
Aug. 3.
8.
Sept 9.
Oct 21.
28.
Cyrus, son of John and Phoebe Moore,
Mary, daughter of I.taac and Elizabeth Smith,
Francis, son of John and Mary Pettit
Eleanor, daughter of Thomas and Rachel Bunohay,
Grimtby.
Mar<raret Sarah, daughter of Michael and Mary Harris,
Perth.
(Entered on this day by Bev. M. Harris.)
Mary Young, daughter of Andrew and Anna Pettit,
Grimsby.
Fanny Miller, negro, belonging to P. Ball, Esq., Niagara.
Gabriel Young, wnmaby.
SlTughr } «f Cfabriel and Amelia Young. GHmsl^y.
Elizabeth, wife of Charles Moore, "
Phoebe, daughter '
^ of Charles and Elizabeth Moore,
of William and Lydia Yanatta, '
of Pearce and Orpha Moore,
Mary,
Margaret, "
Jonathan, son
Lavinia, daughter j
Margaret Ross, daughter'
Mary Hizon, "
Eliza Maria,
William Wilber, son
Mary, daughter
Charles, son
Dennus, "
William Kitchen, son
SauT"^*' } <Ja«g^^r of George and Mary Curry,
Warner Clement, son of William W. and Margaret Sophia
Nelles, Grand River.
Eliza Margaret, daughter of John and Mary Nelles, Qrand
River.
Barbara Matilda, daughter of George and Catharine Ball,
Louth MiUa.
Clarissa, daughter of George and Mary Valentine, Orimsby.
Margaret Matilda, daughter of John and Mary Nelles, **
Elizabeth Ann, daughter of Malcolm and Ann Currie, "
Sarah Maria, daughter of Robert and Maria Nelles, "
Francis, son of Samuel and Susannah Hughe3, Malahide.
Sarah Pettit, daughter of Charles and Sarah Biggar, Tra/a^r.
j3an'::f **') o« ^-- -d Margaret Biggar, "
John Pettit, son ot Lawrence and Buskark, Orimaby.
Maria Catharine, daughter of Christian and Elizabeth Finck,
Olanford.
Robert, son of David and Elizabeth Thomson, Orimaby.
Charles Fenson, son of Thomas and Mary Hill, "
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BEQISTER OF MARRIAGES, TOWNSHIP OF GRIMSBY. 77
1822.
Feb. 10. John William, son of Robert and Ann TboiBSon, Oxford.
Mar. 13. Jane Gertrude, daughter of John C. and Margaret Ball,
Niagara.
Thus far indented in my Notitia Parochialis,
William Sampson.
July 27. Margaret Dorothy, daughter of William and Maria Elizabeth
Sampson, Orimeby.
Ralph Leeming, Misaionary, Ancaster.
REGISTER OF MARRIAGES, TOWNSHIP OF GRIMSBY, U. C,
COMMENCING AUG., 1817.
William Sampson, Minister.
N.B. — ^These are to be copied into the Public Register of
Marriages for the Township of Grimsby — this book being
merely a NotUia Parochialis for private use.
Wm. Sampson.
No. 1. William Sampson, of the Township of Grimsby, bachelor, and
Maria Eliza Nelles, of the same place, spinster, were
married at Grimsby, on the twenty-first day of August,
1817, by the Rev. Robert Addison, Minister of Niagara, by
licence.
This marriage was solemnized between us \ lAj.:^^ NelF s^*^
^""^ { ^ta nX'""-
No. 2. William Adair, Tp. of Clinton, bachelor, and Martha Cutler, of
the same place, spinster, were married at Grimsby, 27th
August, by banns.
No. 3. William Miller, Tp. of Grantham, bachelor, and Mary Hasteter,
of the same place, spinster, were married at Grantham, 7th
September, by licence.
No. 4. James Clendennen, Tp. of Gainsborough, bachelor, and Dorothy
Furton, of the same place, spinster, married at Grimsby,
8th October, by banns.
Memorandum. — Advised the Society of the number of
marriages thus far, 18th Oct., 1817. W. S.
No. 5. James Clendennan Hartman Freeland, Tp. of Clinton, widower,
and Phoebe Adair, of the same place, widow, at Clinton,
19 th October, by banns.
No. 6. Jas. Tinlin, of Niagara, br., and Margaret Coon, of the Tp. of
Louth, spr., at Louth, Slst October, by licence.
No. 7. John Nelles, Tp. of Grimsby, br., and Mary Carpenter, of the
same place, spr., were married at Clinton, 17th February,
1818, by licence.
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78 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIET\'.
No. 8. Jacob Howser, of the township of Clinton, bachelor, and Mary
Johnson, of the same township, spinster, in Grimsby, 85th
Feb., bv banna
No. 9. Samuel Fisn, Clinton, bachelor, and Catharine Johnson, of the
same place, spinster, at Grimsby, 26th Feb., 1818, by banns.
Thus far returned on my Notitia Parochialia on 2nd
Mar., 1818. Wm. Sampson.
No. 10. John O'Neel, of the township of Thorold, and Elizabeth Couke,
of the same, by licence, at the above named place, 8th
Apr., 1818.
No. 11. George Schram, Grantham, bachelor, and Elizabeth Claws, Clin-
ton, spinster, by banns, at Grimsby, 23d June, 1818.
No. 12. William Sharman, Clinton, bachelor, and Elizabeth Ecker, of
the same, spinster, by banns, at Grimsby, 3d June, 1818.
No. 13. Lewis House, bachelor, Clinton, and Catharine House, of the
same, spinster, at Clinton, by banns, 16th June, 1818.
No. 14. John Crawford, Township of Grimsby, bachelor, and Mar^ret
Dunn, of the same place, spinster, by licence, 18th July,
1818.
No. 15. Thomas McFenan, Grimsby, bachelor, and Polly Church, of the
same place, spinster, by licence, at Grimsby, 17th Sept,
1818.
No. 16. Asher M. G. Smith, Grimsby, carpenter, and Elizabeth Wardle,
Clinton, by licence, in Clinton, 3d Dec., 1818.
No. 17. Peter Jacob, bachelor, Grimsby, and Jane Smith, widow, of the
same place, by banns, in Grimsby, 22d Dec., 1818.
No. 18. Elias Pettit, Saltneet, bachelor, and Abigail Pen, of the same,
spinster, by licence, in Grimsby, 4th Jan., 1819.
No. 19. James Millmine, Grimsby, widower, and Margaret Lutes, of the
same, by licence, at Grimsby, 28th Jan., one thousand,
eight hundred and nineteen.
No. 20. Aaron Culp, Clinton, and Mary Millar, of the township of
Baynham, district of London, by licence, at Grimsby, on
2nd Mar., 1819.
No. 21. Samuel S. Morn, Grimsby, and Pamela Pettit, of the same, by
licence, at Grimsby, 18th May, 1819.
No. 22. Patrick Sherry, Grimsby, and Catharine Moon, of the same
place, by licence, at Grimsby, 24th May, 1819.
No. 23. Robert Lambert, of the township of Niagara, and Caroline
Goring, of the same place, by licence, in the township of
Niagara, 27th May, 1819.
No. 24. George Valantine and Mary Jenkins (blacks), both of the town-
ship of Grimsby, by banns, on Sunday, the eighth day of
August, one thousand, eight hundred and nineteen.
No. 25. The Reverend Michael Harris, of Perth, in the district of Johns-
ton, and Mary Fanning, of the township of Grimsby, by
licence, 21st Sept., 1819.
No. 26. Moses Johnson, Flamborough West, and Mary McGarvm, Gains*
borough, by licence, in Grimsby, 12th Oct., 1819.
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BEGISTER OF MARRIAGES, TOWxN'SHIP OF GRIMSBY. 79
No. 27. Joshua Fields, Qrimsby, and Fanny Skinner, of the same place,
in Grimsby, by licence, 24th Inov., 1819.
No. 28. John Overholt, Clinton, and Sally Post, of the same place, by
bann«, in Grimsby, 28th Dec., 1819.
No. 29. William W. Nelles, of the Grand River, county of Haldimand,
and Margaret Sophia Clement, Grimsby, by licence, in
Grimsby, 20th Jan., 1820.
No. 30. William Fuller, Saltfleet, district of Gore, and I^^bella King, of
the same place, by banns, in Grimsby, 14th Feb., 1820.
No. 31. Adam Simmerman, Clinton, and Deborah Moore, Grimsby, by
licence, in Grimsby, 16th March, 1820.
No. 32. John Flannaghan, Grimsby, and Mary Hixon, of the same place,
by license, in Grimsby, 5th April, 1820.
No. 33. Andrew Pettit, Grimsby, widower, and Anna Muir, of the same
place, by licence, in Grimsby, 4th May, 1820.
No. 34. The Kev. Ralph Leeming, township of Aneaster, and Susan
Hutt, of the same place, at Dundas, by licence, 6th June,
1820.
No. 35. Charleys Kitchen, of Waterloo, in the district of Gore, and Mary
Nixon, Grimsby, in the district of Niagara, in Grimsby, by
licence. 7th June, 1820.
Na 36. John Teetzel, Grimsby, and Hannah Havins, Clinton, by
licence, in Grimsby, 6th July, 1820.
No. 37. The Reverend Brooke bridges Stivins, chaplain to His Majesty's
forces, and Elizabeth Nelles, spinster, Grimsby, by licence,
4th Sept., 1820.
No. 38. Daniel McGill, Saltfleet, and Susannah Johnson, of the same
place, by banns, 21st Nov. 1820.
No. 39. Hugh Carr, Grimsby, and Flora McFarling, Aneaster, by
licence, 22d Jan., 1821.
No. 40. Joseph Michener, Clinton, emd Margaret Hippie, of the same
place, at Grimsby, by banns, 27th February, 1821.
No. 41. Francis A Hancock, Grimsby, and Margaret Harriet Hamilton
Watson, of the same place, at Grimsby, by banns, 4th
December, 1821.
No. 42. Ashman Moon, Grimsby, bachelor, and Elizabeth Snackhammer,
spinster, of the same place, by banns, at Grimsby, 18th
December, 1821.
No. 43. Benjamin Brown, township of Nelson, and Dolly Wilkinson,
Clinton, by banns, at Clinton, 26th December, 1821.
No. 44. ThomsLs McMahon Grimsby, bachelor, and Elizabeth Nelles,
spinster, of the same place, at Grimsby, by licence, 26th
December. 1821.
No. 45. Owen Roberts, Grimsby, and Ann Mclntyre, of the same place,
by licence, at Grimsby, 9th January, 1822.
No. 46. William M. Ball, Esq., township of Niagara, and Margaret
Notman, of Grimsby, by licence, at Grimsby, 26th Febru-
ary, 1822.
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80 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
No. 47. William Mitchell, township of Niagara, and Mary Mclntyre,
Qriinsby, by licence, at Grimsby, 27th February, 1822.
No. 48. George R. Coon, Grimsby, and Deborah P. Smith, of the same
pl6Lce, at Grimsby, by banns, drd April, 1822.
No. 49. Solomon Smith, of the township of Saltfleet, and Eliza CleTe-
land, of the same place, were married, by banns, at
Grimsby, the fourteenth day of April, one thousand eight
hundred and twenty-two, by me. Wiluam Sampson.
REGISTER OF BURIALS IN THE TOWNSHIP OF GRIMSBY.
N.B. — These are to be copied into the Public Register of Burials for
the Township of Grimsby — this book being merely a Notitia
Parochialis for private use. William Sampson.
Date of Buried. Person'a Naffu. Residence. By Whom the CertmoKji
1009 per/brmetL
1817. Nov. 8 . . William Butler Grimsby . .William Sampson
Dea 19. .Ellen Maria Gordon. . . .Grimsby . .William Sampson
1818. May 16 . . Mary Pettit Grimsby . . William Sampson
20. .Mary Millmine Grimsby . .William Sampson
Aug. 19 . . Anne Anderson Grimsby . . William Sampson
Dec. 4. .Ashman Carpenter Grimsby . .William Sampson
( Died through excess of liquor).
1819. Jan. 25 . . Philip Spain Grimsby . . William Sampson
(Found drowned).
Mar. 4 . . Hannah Fields Grimsby . . William Sampson
May 14. .Andrew Pettit Grimsby . .William Sampson
July 17. .Robert Runchay Louth William Sampson
1820. Jan. 13. .Alexander Millmine Grimsby . .William Sampson
May 18. .Widow Glover Grimsby . . W. S., Minister
28. .Mary Barns Grimsby . .William Sampson
July 18. .Mrs. Parse Grimsby . .William Sampson
(Wife of Jacob Parse).
Dec 8 . . Catharine Nixon Grimsby . . William Sampson
19. .Priscilla Pettit Saltfleet . . William Sampson
1822. Mar. 13 . . John Ball Niagara . . . Thus far indented
Wm. Sampson.
24. .Dick (Negro) Grimsby . .William Sampson
April 20. . Pettit Grimsby . . William Sampson
28. .William Sampson Grimsby . .William Leeming
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REGISTER OF CHRISrEXINGS, TOWNSHIP OF NEWARK. 81
REGISTER OF CHRISTENINGS IN THE PRESBYTERIAN
CONGREGATION, TOWNSHIP OF NEWARK,
UPPER CANADA.*
Anne, daughter of Mr. Jno. Young, farmer, on the 4-Mile Creek, and
Anne McQueen, his wife, born 4th Dec., 1793, baptized 23rd Aug.,
1795.
Eliza, daughter to Mr. Geo. Young (carpenter), town of Newark, and
Eliza^th Clement, his wife, born 1st Au<]f., 1793, baptized 23rd
Aug., 1796.
'f'Andrew, son to Andrew Heron (merchant), of Newark, and Mary
Kemp, his wife, bom 25th May, 1794, baptized 23rd Aug., 1795.
Caibarine, daughter to Isaac Swayze, township of Newark, and Sarah
Seacord, his wife, bom 13th March, 1793, baptized 9th Sept, 1795.
'Mamret, daughter to Ebenezer Colver, in township of Louth, and
Elizabeth Reemer, his wife, born 15th Oct, 1794, and baptized 6th
Sept, 1795.
Lena, Dom 15th July, 1780, baptissed in the year 1781.
Anne, bom 1st Nov., 1782, baptized in the year 1783.
Elizabeth, bom 7th Jan., 1790, baptized, in the year 1791.
>vid, son to Andrew Heron, of Newark, merchant, and Mary Kemp,
his wife, bom 20th Mar., 1792, baptized in month of Augast, 1792,
by the Rev. John McDonald, a visiting minister from Albany, in the
United States.
Mary, daughter to Andrew Heron, Newark, merchant, and Mary Kemp,
his wife, bom 80th Oct., 1800, baptized on the first day of February,
1801, by the Rev. Mr. Mars, visiting clergyman from the U. S.
David, son to Burgoyne Kemp and Elizabetn Jones, his wife, bom on
the day of , baptized 1st Feb., 1801, by the Rev.
Mr. Mars.
David, son to David Hartman and Catherine Kemp, his wife, bom 14th
Mar., 1800, baptized Ist Feb., 1801, by Rev. Mr. Mars.
Andrew, aged four years,
Margaret, aged two years,
Alexander, aged seven months,
Catherine, aged four years,
Susannah, aged two years,
George, aged six months,
children to Robert Kemp, of Newark,
yeoman, and Eliza Smith, his wife,
were baptized 10th Sept, 1802, ly
Rev. Jno. Young.
Jno. Voung, Minister.
children to Captain Jno. Young, of town-
ship of Newark, and Elizabeth Heighler,
his wife, baptized 10th Sept., 1802, by
Rev. Jno. Younff.
* It is remarkable that in St. Mark's Register the word Niagara is used and in
that of St. Andrew's, Newark.
+ Andrew Heron, merchant, afterwards editor of Niagara Gleaner^ founded J817 ;
was also founder of Niagara Public Library, 1800, and its librarian, secretary and treasurer
till 1820 ; he was also secretary and treasurer to St. Andrew's Church from 1704 for many
years. The uncle of the late Andrew Heron, Toronto, known bo well in shipping circles.
6
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82 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Amy, wife to Ebenczer Cavers.
Margaret, daughter to Ebenezer Cavers, farmer, township of Newark,
and Amy Cohow, his wife, born 13th Oct., 1801, baptized 10th
Sept., 1802, by Rev. Jno. Young.
Jno. Young, Ministei*.
Jane, daughter to Andrew Heron, Newark, merchant, and Mary Kemp,
his wife, bom on 16th Aug , 1802, baptized the 15th Sept, 1802, by
Rev. Jno. Young.
1 >dvid, son to David Hartman and Catharine Kemp, his wife, born on
, baptized 16th Sept., 1802, by Rev. Jno. Young.
\ children to Conrad Hoffman, of Newark,
Margaret, aged four years, (^ farmer, and Margaret Wej'meths, hLs
Samuel, aged four months, ( wife, baptized 27th Sept, 1807, by Rev.
) Jno Young.
Deborah Ann, daughter of Andrew Heron and Catherine Anderson, his
wife baptized 5th March, 1809.
Catherine, daucrhter of Andrew Heron and Jane Anderson, his wife,
baptized 27th Nov., 1814.
The la^t two are in the handwriting of Andrew Heron himself. There
are no further entries of baptisms in this old record-book and so
far none have been found, the records being either lost or destroyed
The record of births, deaths and marriages begins in 1830 under Rev.
Robert McGill, and is beautifully neat and systematic. The entries
are copied only to 1833 to make it uniform with St Mark's
register, although each is continued carefully to the present day.
The entries are copied as nearly as possible in the form found in the
register.
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REOISTEU OF BIRTHS AXD BAPTISMS, NUGABA. 83
REGISTER OF BIRTHS AND BAPTISMS. ST. ANDREW'S
CHURCH, NIAGARA.
Xante of child. Parents' name*. Date of birth. Baptism. Rcmarkii.
R-ibert Russel. . . . {^'b^^"|'.*; '//] Mnr. 4, 1*30. R. McGiU
E"-^«th {g;ScS:'--'W7 MaM4.
L-cy (rnn^SS: : : : 1 J""^ 25 July 25 Rev. Alex Gale
'f-'^' I clar^Sim^ni P«y 25 July 25 Rev. Alex. Gale
. „i ^,1 I John Tannahill. ... 1 t i o-
^"^^^^ JAan Rogers [ "^"'y^o.
»v.«^; /John Hamilton \, -, t » , or f R. McGill,
M-yAnn fc*Sr\^-inU;:l »«?*• 29 R. McGill
Kli..bethMargery{g^J^„M5^J^^^--.W8,1831 R. McGUl
+-WAnn {MiyLr«nce::::|F^t>" June 25 R. McGill
<^*'»"-«« tetr? MSiimoniJM-y 22 Rev. Alex. Gale
t-^"8"»t* { Inn^vSie ! .' ! ! js^Pt 27 Oct. 28 Robt. McGill
&»-"«' J"''- {M™Metm?y:::}A««-26 Jan. 4. 1832.. Private
E'- Ann {&M?iy: ! ! |nov. 16 Jan. 4, 1832. .Private
l8abelkTorrance.|f^l,J^^'^^-;JAug. 22,1831 R. McGUl
Cntherine McGill. |^^*™ ll^^n ' " ' l^®*'- ^ ^P'- ^' ^^^- •^- ^'^^^
J.-»mes A |?*"'*i Cooper I j^n. 15 May 18, 1832. . R McGill
Jane | **'*^" | June 17 Aug. 25, 1832 . R. McGiU
Agnes {M«y R^ew! ! ! ! ! il^^P*- ^ ^^^^' ^^- •^- **"=®"*
John Meneilley. . . {ffio^^JiiiUylMar. 1 Oct 29, 1832. .R. McGiU
^^^^^■■&%iSt^:':^\ rcS>Awa
Christian |Al«x.G^iWn |Feb.9,1833 ,.
* Late Hon. John Hamilton, who has heen called the Father of Shipping on Lake
Ontario ; hit wife, the sister of late Hon. I). L. McPherson, and his father was Hon. Robt.
Hamilton.
^{it John Crooks, who conducted the first Sunday School in Niagara, which was held in
St. Andrew's Church.
Z W. D. Miller, for nearly fifty years an office-bearer in St. Andrew's Church.
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84 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
MARRIAGES CELEBRATED BY REV. ROBT. McGILL.
Peter Caughill, bachelor, and Mary Upper, spinster, by R. Grant, Ap: il 8,
1830.
Jos. Clement, Jno. Caughill.
Jacob Teeter, bachelor, and Sarah Caughill, spinster, April 19, 1830.
John Caughill, Jacob Caughill, Witneaaes,
Robert Allen, corporal in 71st R-'gt. L. Inf., and Ann Grady, spinster,
May 10. 1830.
W. C. Hanson, Jno. McQuarry.
Aaron Allen, bachelor, and Sarah Nelson, spinster^ May 12, 1830.
Jacob Caughill, Thos. Darling.
George Miller Clement, bachelor, and Sophia Malvina Cain, July 8, 1830.
Peter Cain, Nelson Staats.
John D. Botsford and Charlotte Meneilley, Aug. 18, 1830.
Jno. Meneilley, Robt. Miller.
Alphaeus Spencer (St. John) and Charlotte Phelps, Sept. 30, 1830.
A. H. Shaw, Oliver Phelpa
Robert Kay and Maria Ann Thompson, Jan. 1, 1831.
Robt Miller, Chas. Field.
John Cudney and Caroline StaflTord, Jan. 6, 1831.
T. Raymond, Jared Stocking.
Charles Quade and Eliza Ann Henry, Jan. 18, 1831.
Jno. Meneilley, Jno. Oakley.
William Appleford and Amelia Good beaux, April 20, 1831.
Walter Telfer, Ja.s. Anderson.
Jas. Morris (Crowland) and Ann Current, May 3, 1831.
Ja<<. Anderson, Jacob Current
Wm. Wynn (Crowland) and Ann Miller, May 4, 1831.
Jno. Crooks, Jared Stocking.
Timothy Cook and Harriet Terry, May 26, 1831.
B. C. Bcardsley, Charles Culver.
Barnabas Johnston and Hannah Johnston, July^7, 1831.
Wm. Johnston, Jno. Johnston.
Francis Clutley and Hannah Gibson, Auf]^. 22, 1831.
Jno. D, Botsford, Thr)s. Compston.
Isaac Van Kenren and Mary Ann Smith, Oct 24 1831.
Jas. Kitchen, David Smith.
Jos. Lyons and Julia Lomes, Nov. 17, 1831.
Jesse Wood:«, Hiram Weeks.
Alex. Caughill and Mary Mann, Dec. 14, 1831.
Peter Cain, Jno. Caughill.
Jas. Cooper, jr., and Cordelia Raymond, Jan. 18, 1832.
Jas. Cooper, sr., S. J. J. Brown.
Wm. Telfer and Eliza Younp, Mar. 6, 1832.
Walt Telfer, Jno. Brodie.
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MARRIAGES CELEBRATED BY UEV. ROBT. M'GILL. 85
Jno. Brodie and Helen Miller, Sept. 15, 1832.
J. F. R. Comer, Alex. R jss.
Jas. Madison Dyke, bachr., and Sarah Ann Pousett, spr., Sept. 29, 1832.
Jas. R. Redmer, Frances Baby.
John Blake, bachr., and Mary Rogers, spr., Oct. 11, 1832.
W. D. Miller, Jared Stocking.
Ru^sel Rich, bachr., of Black Rock, N. Y., and Susan Street, spr., Thorold,
Oct. 12, 1832.
Hiram Sanford. W. D. Miller.
John McBride, Imchr., and Janet Pdllock, spr., Dec 6, 1832.
Thos. Whitton, Sam. Procter.
Abraham Caughill, bachr., Anna Maratheux, spr., Ja^. 9, 1833.
Jno. Caughill, Aaron Allen.
Wra. Perry, bachr., and Amanda C. Brown, spr., Jan. 23, 1833.
Jno. D. Clement, Lewis Grant.
Wm. Daley, bachr., and Jane Mills, spr., Mar. 28, 1833.
Jas, Lennox, Jno. Mills.
George Shriner, bachr., township of Thorold, and Margaret Eliz. Shultis,
spr., April 2, 1833.
Geo. Shultin, Sam Steins.
Robt McLeod, bachr., and Elizabeth Murray, spr., April 3, 1833.
Don. McDonald, Alex. Murray.
John Eagleshnm, bachr., and Christina Angus McCrea, spr., May 1, 1833.
Peter M. Ball, Wm. M. Ball.
Lewis Clement, bachr., and Francis Fish, spr., July 1, 1833.
Wm. T. Servos, Jno. Russel.
Henry Hogg, bachr., and Isabella Spankey, spr., Sept. 1, 1833.
Robt. Harris, Wm. Clarke.
Robert Jacob Clayton, bachr. (priv. 66th Regt.), and Elizabeth Allen,
spr., Oct. 4. 1833.
Ja*'. Oushman, bachr., and Sarah Lavelle, spr., Nov. 28, 1833.
Jas, Clement, Wm. T. Servos.
♦Andrew Heron, widower, and Ann Paterson, widow, Jan. 7, 1834.
J. Muirhead, Walter Telfer.
* The same Andrew Heron of note on page 81. The name occurs in the marriage
register of St. Mark's and St. Andrew's, and he and his four wives lie buried in St. Mark's
cemetery near the church.
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86 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
GERMAN-CANADIAN FOLKLORE.
BY W. J. WIXTEMBERG.
These superstitions were collected among German people. Many of
them may, however, be of English or of Scottish origin. Perhaps, after I
have a fuller collection, I may, by a*comparison of the various ittms,
discover which are really German ; but this I fear will prove rather a
formidable task, for many German beliefs have been adopted by the
British and vice versa. There are also many superstitions which are
common to both races, in fact, are the common property of nearly every
people belonging to the Indo-European stock, from the swarthy Hindu to
the blue-eyed, flaxen-haired peasant of Scandinavia.
I will begin with folk-medicine, than which there is nothing more
interesting in the study of folk- lore.
CUB£S,
Wear earrings for sore eyes.
To stop nose-bleeding, tie a string of red yam around one of your
fingers.
If a bee stings you, kill it, if possible, and the wound will not mortify.
For sore throat, take the sock off your left foot, turn it inside out,
and wear around your throat.
A cure for lumbago is to lie on the floor face *down wards and have
your wife tread on the afl3icted part.
The calcareous body found in the stomach of the common crajrfisb
is supposed to be useful in removing foreign substances from the eye.
Hair, when inclined to split, should be cut at full moon ; the new
growth is expected to be longer and softer.
A cure for a sprain : If you find a bone, rub it on the sprained hand
or foot, and then throw it over your shoulder and do not look back.
A cure for a child's irritable temper: Pass the child head first
through the left leg of its father's trousers. This was tried by a German
family only two years ago.
To prevent blood-poisoning if you step on a rusty nail : Immerse
the nail in oil or lard, then remove it and put it into the oven, to remain
there until the wound is healed.
Cures for Sties. — Bub the tail of a cat on the sty. This may be
a variant of the English superstition : " Three hairs from a black cat's
tail will cure a sty."
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GERMAN-CANADIAN FOLK-LORE. 87
Throw a pail of swill over your head without wetting yourself.
For Dog Bitk. — Take some of the hairs of the dog that bit yoa
and place them on the wound. The same cure is recommended in the
" Edda,'' a book on Scandinavian mythology, written in the twelfth cen-
tury. It says : " Dogs' hairs heal dogs' bites."
A Curs for Asthma. — Boil the lung of a fox in water, and drink
the liquid. Obviously, the lung of the fox was chosen because that
animal can run long distarces without its powers of respiration becom-
ing impaired ; and asthma being a disease that affects breathing, we can
readily understand why the fox's lung was used as a cure.
Cures for Frra — Give the blood of a black hen as a drink to the
patient
A Pennsylvania German told me that if a person who was subject
to fits found a horseshoe with the nails still in the holes, he or she was
to remove them and have them made into rings. These, it was ai&rmed,
would have a salutary effect if worn by the afflicted person.
Some Germans, to cure a child thus afflicted, took it into the woods,
placed it with its back against a tree, and bored a hole into the tree
above the child's head. They then cut off some of its hair and stuffed it
into the hole which they closed with a wooden plug. It was believed
that as the child grew above the hole, the disease disappeared.
Whooping Couqh. — Let a child eat a piece of bread from the
hands of a woman whose maiden name was the same as her husband s
surname ; or, take the hair of a person that has never seen his or her
father alive and put it on the child's breast.
Rheumatism CuREa — Carry a horse-chestnut in the pocket.
The skin of a white weasel worn about the person is also regarded
as a preventive.
It has been claimed that a person may transfer a disease to some
animal by having the animal sleep with him, or constantly near him.
The cavy or common guinea pig was kept by some Germans for the
purpose of curing rheumatism. This animal, owing to its cleanly habits,
was kept in the house. It was believed that the patient could transfer
the rheumatism to the animal by fondling it.
Toothache Cures. — If a child chew a bread-crust, which has been
gnawed by mice, it will never be subject to toothache.
After washing yourself, wipe your hands with the towel before
you wipe your face. I know an old woman who practises this, and she
says she has not been troubled with toothache for the last twenty
years.
The brain-teeth (Ger. hern-zdhne) of a hog, if carried in the pocket,
are also supposed to prevent toothache.
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88 OXTAKIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
An o!d Oornian, now deceased, whenever he had toothache^ went
into the woods and looked for a tree which had been blown down^ and
taking a small sliver from the tmnk or stump he would bore the hollow
tooth with it and then replace it, being very careful to put it in the
exact place whence it came.
Cures for Side-Stitch. — Spit on a pebble and throw it over your
shoulder and then walk away without looking back.
Another cure is to overturn a stone and spit into the cavity in the
soil caused by its removal and then replace the stone.
Wart Cures. — Go into a house, steal a dish-cloth, and bury it
under a stone ; as the cloth rots the wart will disappear.
Rub the warts with a piece of pork, and bury it under the eaves.
Take a potato, cut it in two, and rub one of the pieces on the wart,
then wrap it in a piece of paper and place it on the sidewalk or other
place much frequented by the public Whoever opens the package will
get the wart
If you have more warts than one on your hand, get some person to
count them and he will get them.
Take the blood of a bat and bathe your eyes with it and yon will
be able to see in the dark as well as you can in the daytime.
To keep a child from getting freckles, rub a live gosling over its face.
BAD LUCK.
To sit on a table.
To cut your finger nails on Sunday.
To look into a mirror at night
To open an umbrella in the house.
To sing while eating at table.
To sing or whistle while lying in bed.
To leave a knife on the table after retiring.
To kill a spider that crawls on your person.
To hold a loaf of bread upside down while cutting it.
To draw the window blinds before lighting the lamps.
To spill salt ; the evil may be counteracted by burning the salt
To break a mirror — you will have no luck for seven years.
To take either a cat or a broom along when moving from one place
to another.
The crowing of a cock after sundown is a sign of impending
misfortune.
The Germans, like those of many other European nations, consider
Friday an unlucky day.
An infant named after its dead brother or sister will die young.
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GERMAN-CANADIAN FOLK-LOBE. 89
If a child is allowed to look into a mirror it will not become
very old.
If a ben lays an egg without a hard shell it presages misfortune.
To prevent the threatened ill-luck from this important event you must
stand on the north side of the house and throw the egg over the roof.
GOOD LUCK.
To find a four-leaf clover.
To find a horseshoe.
The horseshoe is sometimes suspended over the door of a house for
good luck. It is remarkable that this curious custom, which is a relic of
a degraded form of pagan worship originating among the Arabs of
Northern Africa, should obtain in civilized countries.
For good luck the German Catholics make the sign of a cross over
or on a loaf of bread before cutting it.
Contrary to the generally accepted belief that thirteen is an unlucky
number, the Germans set a hen with this number of eggs to insure
good luck.
RAIN SIGNS.
If a hen crows.
If a cock crows repeatedly.
If a cock crows after sundown.
If you dream of deceased relatives.
If you kill a toad it will cause rain.
If it rains on Whitsunday it will rain for seven Sundays in succes-
sion.
A German was heard to remark, " We are going to get rain," and
when asked what made him think so, he answered, " Because there are
so many women out to-day."
STORM SIGNS.
When geese fly high.
When the tea-kettle hums.
When the cat lies on its back while sleeping.
SIGNS OF COLD WEAJ'HER.
When the stove becomes red hot.
If it thunders while the ground is still covered with snow you may
expect cold weather immediately after.
When large numbers of crows fly about in the winter it is a sign
that there will soon be milder weather.
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90 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCICTY.
DEATH SIGNS,
When the corn-shoots are of a whitish color.
When a white spider crawls toward yon or yoor house.
If the cabbage-heads are white or are covered with white spots.
The howling of a d(^ is also regarded by the Germans as a death*
sign.
To some Germans the hooting of an owl near a dwelling is an omoi
of death.
In whatever direction a star falls there will be a death ; presumably,
the death of some relative or friend of the person who sees it fall.
FOLKLORE IN CONNECTION WITH OUR FAUNA.
To see a snake is '* a warning of danger."
If a snake's head be cut off, the belief is that the creature will live
till sundown.
Some Germans believe that if they kill a snake "it will take all the
trouble out of the house."
The bite of the common painted emys, or fresh-water terrapin, is
said to be fatal.
If squirrels gather large quantities of nuts in the fall we may
expect a long and cold winter.
To kill toads causes cows to produce blood instead of milk. It is
also said that if toads are handled they cause warts.
It is believed that the common dragon-flies, locally known as
^ darning-needles/' and which are called achlanga'docJUa (snake doctors)
by the Pennsylvania Germans, will enter the ears of unwary persons.
Some Germans, and Canadians of English extraction, maintain thai
the common snapping, or alligator-tortoise (Chdydra serpentina) has
nine varieties of flesh. It is also believed that even after its head is
severed from the body the reptile will live for nine days.
Some of the old settlers believed, and even some of their descendants
believe, that in the autumn, when the apples were lying on the ground,
the porcupines came and rolled themselves over them, their sharp quills
piercing and holding the fruit ; the animals then retired to the woods,
where they could eat the apples at leisure.
If snakes are numerous in spring all kinds of farm produce will be
abundant that year.
It is believed that a snake will swallow its young in the presence
of danger.
I have heard people assert positively that the common milk-snake
drinks milk, and that it sometimes even takes it directly from the cow.
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GERMAN-CANADIAN FOLK-LORE. 91
It is claimed that thia snake's usual mode of prof^ression i:i by
taking its tail into its mouth and rolling itself over the ground. For
this reason it has been called the hoop snake !
Snakes are believed to be one of the numerous guises of the prince
of darkness and the ancient hostility to them, as set forth in the third
chapter of the book of Qenesio, is maintained in this enlightened age.
Little, harmlesjs and in many instances beneficial, serpents are thus
ruthlessly killed. Such a magian practice should certainly be abolished ;
but the German, if you reproach him, will laugh at you — he believes
that he has the authority of Scripture on his side.
It is believed that some birds will feed their young when they are
caged, and if they fail after a certain time to release them, will bring
them a poisonous weed to eat, that death may end their captivity.
FOLK-LORE IN CONNECTION WITH OUR FLORA.
If you find a four-leaved clover, put it under your pillow, and what-
ever you dream will come true.
A very peculiar superstition is connected with the common smart-
weed {Polygonum persicaria), the colloquial Qerman name of which is
brenn-nessel. The leaves of this plant bear conspicuous dark spoi<i,
which are supposed to be the blood of Christ, this plant having been, it
is believed, at the foot of the cross when He was crucified.
There is a Canadian plant which, if btepped upon, is supposed to
bewilder a person and cause him to lose his way. An acquaintance told
me that one day about forty years ago (she was about ten years' old at
that time), she was sent into the woods by her employer to bring home
the cows, and having stepped upon one of these plants, she got bewildered
and lost her way, but always came back to the starting point. At length
she emerged into a clearing, and saw, as she supposed, a neighbor's bam.
Seeing a man in a field, she went to him and inquired where her employer
lived. As this was her employer, he was amazed and thought that she
had become demented. I cannot find out the English name of this plant.
The Germans call it err or irren-kraut. To judge from the description
^ven me, it is some sort of creeping plant.
FOLKLORE IN CONNECTION WITH THE MOON AND STARS.
It is believed that those who are born under lucky stars poasess
occult powers.
The meat of hogs killed in the new moon will shrivel in the pan.
Potatoes, peas and garden vegetables should be planted at full moon.
A certain time should also be selected for planting cucumber seeds.
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92 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
If planted in the zodiacal sign Virgo, they are sure to bear false blos-
soms ; bat, if planted in Pisces, you will get a goud crop.
The Pleiades, or *' seven-stars," are spoken of as a mother hen with
her brood.
The stars in Orion's belt and scabbard are called the grain-cradle,
for their configaration suggests some resemblance to that form of imple-
ment. In Germany the three stars forming Orion's belt are called
" the mowers," because, as Qrimm says, ** they stand in a row, like mowers
in a meadow.' "
SUPERSTITIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THUNDER AND
LIGHTNING.
If it thunders before breakfast it will thunder again before sapper
time.
Some Grermans believe that it is impossible to extinguish with water
a fire caused by lightning, milk being the only liquid that will do so
effectually. I heard of an instance in which a farmer's bam was struck
by lightning, but instead of using water, he carried the milk out of his
cellar and poured it on the flames.
A survival of the mediaeval belief that the stone axes or celts were
thunderbolts is still current among the Germans in the county of Water-
loo. They are called gewUter-aieiny and sometimes gewitter or donner-
A:eic26Z, literally meaning "lightning stone," and " lightning" or "thunder
wedge," the latter appellation referring to the general form of these
implements. They are supposed to cause the splintered condition of a
tree struck by lightning.
About two years ago a cow belonging to a man in Wilmot Township
was struck by lightning. The farmer, a credulous German, dug a hole
into the ground where the animal was killed to see whether he conid
find the thunderbolt.
Another belief these people have is that when one of these stones
has a string tied around it, and then put into the grate of a stove, it vrill
prevent the lightning from striking the house. It is also claimed that
one of these stones may be tied to a string, and the string set on fire, yet
the stone will not fall to the ground, although the cord may be charred
and easily broken.
If you do any work on Ascension Day, the lightning will always
surround your home. A woman made an apron on that day, after which
the lightning always seemed to hover around her house. She mentioned
this to a friend, who told her that on the approach of a thunder-shower
she was to hang the apron on a stake in the garden. She did this, the
lightning struck it and burnt it to a crisp.
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GERMAN-CANADIAN FOLK-LORE. 93
MISCELLANEOUS,
Spitting on the stove is Kaid to cause sore lips.
If your nose itches yoa will hear news.
Whoever chokes while speaking is telling a lie.
Look for lost articles where the rainbow appears to end.
A precocious child will not become very old.
If a funeral stops on the way to the cemetery there will be another
burial soon.
If one places his hand on a dead person he will not dream of the
corpse.
A child with the incisor teeth wide apart will live, when of mature
age, far away from home.
If a girl cannot start a brisk fire she will get a lazy husband.
If a young girl, when cutting bread, makes the slices very thick, she
will become a good stepmother.
Someone will come hungry if a person takes bread at the table when
he already has some.
The large excrescences on the white elm, if touched, will cause
cancer.
The rocking of a cradle while the child is not in it is said to cause
the child to get colic.
If you lose one of your teeth and a hog swallows it, a hog tooth will
grow in its place.
When the left ear bums some one is speaking ill of yon, and if it is
the right ear sonte one is praising you.
When one of a child's eyelashes falls out, take the hair and put it on
the child's breast and it will receive a present.
It is a common practice, among some Germans here, to put old shoes
among the cucumber vines to insure a good crop of cucumbers.
It is believed that nine days will elapse before a person, who has
been bitten by a mad dog, will show any symptoms of hydrophobia.
The young women sometimes place the wish-bone of a fowl over
the door, and the first young man that enters under it will be their lover
or future husband.
If a person has had a cancer, and another individual, in showing
where it was located, put his finger on the spot on his own person, he
also will get a cancer there.
If the *' mother " in a vinegar barrel is not strong enough, a piece of
paper with the names of three cross women or termagants that live in
the neighborhood written on it, should be substituted.
If you drop a fork and the tines hold it to the floor, you will have
visitor?.
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94 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
As late as the beginning of the seventeenth centuiy, Paalas Zacchias,
a famous physician, writes of the virulent poison of the hair of cats.
What may be regarded as a survival of this superstition, is the belief
that the hair of cats, if they are swallowed, will cause consumption.
A cat is supposed to have nine lives.
If a cat washes her face you will get visitors.
If a young couple break their engagement, they should take their
engagement ring, or any other articles they have presented to each other,
and go together to some place and bury them secretly.
HALLOWEEN OBSERVANCE.
To see their future husbands, the young women used to take one
teaspoonful of flour, one of salt, and one of water, and mixed them
together, forming dough. This they made into a little cake which they
baked in the ashes of the stove grate. While eating this, they walked
backwards towards their beds, laid themselves down across them, and
went to sleep lying in this position. If they dreamed of their future
husband as bringing a glass cup containing water, he was wealthy ; if
he had a tin cup, he was in good circumstances ; and if he had ragged
clothes and a rusty tin cup, he was very poor.
A CHRISTMAS EVE CUSTOM,
On Christmas Eve a curious custom was formerly practised by the
young women to find out the vocation of their future husband. A cup
half filled with water was provided, and about midnight a small quantity
of lead was melted and poured into the cup, and the lead on cooling
assumed a variety of forms, such as horse-shoes, hammers, nails, etc., for
■a blacksmith ; square blocks for a farmer; and if one assumed the shape
of a coffin, the person who got it would not live very long. Strict silence
was enjoined while the practice was in progress.
WITCHES AND WITCHCRAFT.
The belief in witches and witchcraft, even at the present time, has
not entirely died out
On the last day of April a cross with the names (or their initials) of
three saints (?) — Caspar, Melchior and Balthazar — was made on the
doors of the houses to keep the witches out.
To keep these witches out of the stable a sprig of cedar, blessed by
the priest, was placed above the stable door on Palm Sunday.
It was formerly believed that a horse which appeared tired or rest*
less in the morning had been hard ridden by witchea It was also
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GERMAX-CANADIAN FOLK-LORE. 95
believed that these witches sometimes entangled the hair of a horse's
mane in so intricate a manner that it could not be disentangled.
Some believed that the witches held a midnight orgie or festival
every month, and that the drinking vessels used at these festivals were
cow-hoof cups, and bowls made oat of horses' hoofs.
About twenty years ago there lived an old woman not far from the
village of New Dundee, who was popularly regarded as a witch. She is
said to have p>os8essed the sixth and seventh bookn of Moses, and it was
believed that she could transform herself into any animal she chose.
She sometimes transformed herself into a cat and prowled around her
neighbors' premises. She once said that if she had a grudge against
some person and could possibly get possession of some of his belongings,
she would make him suffer.
Some time ago I was told of a bewitched sow and her litter of ten
pigs. One day the sow started to run in a circle around the barnyard,
the pigs following close at her heels. Every few minutes one of the pigs
dropped and died. This continued until only a few pigs were left. The
farmer went to consult a witch-doctor, who lived about three miles from
bis home, near the village of Petersburg. The doctor broke the spell
which the witch had over the pigs, and told the farmer that the witch
would call to get the loan of something, but he was not to let her have
it under any circumstances for thus she would regain her power over the
pigs. The witch-doctor's words proved to be true, for before long a
woman came to borrow some article and he refused to let her have it.
She called several times, but was always refused and her plans were
thwarted. (!)
An old woman told me that one day a woman came to the place
where she was working and asked for some food which was refused her.
■She left, much incensed at this refusal, and as she passed down the lane
she began calling the cows, meanwhile holding up three fingers. The
farmer did not think much about the matter at the time, but when the
women began to milk, they found that on every cow only one teat pro-
duced milk, the other, three, blood. The following morning the same
thing happened again, and the farmer becoming alarmed, consulted an
Amish witch-doctor, who cured the cows by a process of charming.
n.^^The old woman related another witch story to me, which is equally
Absurd. One of her employer's cows became bewitched ; the milk being
thick every time the cow was milked. A witch-doctor was consulted,
and he advised them to put the milk into a pan and set it on the stove
to boil, then they were to give the milk a thorough whipping with a
whip while it boiled. This was done. The cow was cured, and the
witch's power was dispelled.
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96 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
TO RENDER ONESELF INVISIBLE AT PLEASURE.
The power of making himself invisible, would be the ^eat dettidera-
turn of a mediaBval magician. The belief in this magic power appears
to be confined to the Teutonic races. The Icelanders believe " that there
is a stone of such wondrous power that the possessor can walk invisible."
And in one of Grimm's Fairy Tales {" The Raven ") this power is con-
ferred on a person by wearing a certain cloak. The older Germans of
the county of Waterloo believed that a person could become invisible by
placing a certain bone of a black cat between the teeth. The cat was to
be stolen, and, at midnight, put into a kettle and boiled.
When the body was boiled to a pulp, the bones were to be picked out
of the mess and placed between the teeth. While performing this opera-
tion the person looked into a mirror, and when he found the right bone he
could no longer see his reBection in the mirror. Mr. W. W. Newell, the
editor of the " Journal of American Folk-Lore," in commenting on this
supers^tition, says : " How singular such a belief, retained to the begin-
ning of the twentieth century ! The underlying idea is obvious. A
black cat, as a witch, possesses the ability of transformation ; such magic
power mast be due to some particular element of the organism; the thing
to be done is to discover that element, which confers on its possessor a
like potency. Thus the survival of the present day gives a glimpse into
the prehistoric conceptions of millennials ago."
CONCLUSION.
The gathering and preservation of items of "folk-lore is almost as
important as the collection of historical records. To the future student
of anthropology they will be of incalculable value. We all are more or
less superstitious; though many scorn to admit it. The large nnmber of
foreigners who annually flock to our shores are "chuck-fuU" of super-
stition, and it is one of the duties of the folklori^^t to gather from the
lips of these people the darling faiths and superstitious practices of their
daily lives. We have with us besides the aborigines, representatives of
nearly every European race — English, Scotch, Irish, Welsh, French, Ger-
man, Dutch, Russian, Slav, Ruthinian, Italian and Galician. Every city
and nearly every town has such Orientals as Hebrews, Syrians, Armeni-
ans, and Chinese. Though the last-named may never become permanent
citizens, their ideas regarding ethics and their superstitious beliefs will
be of great value to the student of comparative folk-lore, and every
effort should be made to gather and preserve the oral traditions of these
people. This should be done before all knowledge of them has perished.
Through the collation and study of the folk-lore of these varied
races, we may hope to get ''a better understanding of the beliefs and
imaginings/* and " the hopes and fears " of our own Aryan forefathers.
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THE SETTLERS OF MARCH TOWNSHIP. 07
THE SETTLERS OP MARCH TOWNSHIP .♦
BY MRS. M. H. AHEARN.
The township of March is a part of the county of Carleton, and is
situated on the south shore of the Ottawa, about twenty miles above this
city (Ottawa) and nearly opposite Aylmer, Quebec. It lies adjacent to
the townships of Nepean, Torbolton and Huntley, and has an area of
27,993 acres, which at the time of settlement was covered with valuable
timber of many varieties. There is a lake in the middle of the town-
ship, the origin of whose name. Lake Constance, is a disputed point in
the community.
The pioneers of this settlement were, with one or two exceptions,
retired military and naval officers, who drew large grants of lands on
most liberal terms, and seemed to have chosen their location with more
regard to the fine situation and splendid outlook than for the produc-
tiveness of the soil. It is said, too, that Sir John Colborne, at one time
Gk>vemor of Upper Canada, who had been a military comrade of some
of the officers, and personally intimate with many of them, influenced
them in their selection of this locality in preference to Perth or Rich-
mond, whose settlers were also of the army and navy. For, though
there is much valuable land and many fine farms, the average of its
good soil is so small that March is really the poorest township in the
county in this respect. The heavy timber it produced seemed to
promise well, but when the ground was burned over in clearing it
proved to be only a thin layer of vegetable mould, which disappeared,
leaving the rocky foundation bare. This was especially the case with
the lands from Lake Constance to the river front, so that the energy and
capital expended in getting a mere existence from this soil would have
brought to these settlers comfort and affluence had they made a happier
selection from the thousands of acres of the finest farm lands which were
then at their option.
But the beauty of the situation is undeniable, as many present can
doubtless testify, who have enjoyed that delightful sail from Aylmer to
the Chats Rapids. The land, wooded to the shore, rises in a lovely
slope from the river, which here begins to curve out into the broad
Deschenes lake. Midway on the river front, Point Pleasant, a narrow
tongue, covered with fine trees, breaks the shore line into a pretty bay,
and mirrors its beautiful foliage in the river's depths. And across the
*Read before the Women's Canadian Historical Society of Ottawa, March 10th, 1899.
7
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98 ONTABIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Ottawa are the grand Laurentian hills, which approach very dose to the
river here, and whose varying color-tones and fleeting elood-shadows
give an infinite variety of lovely picture?, making with the broad, shin-
ing river a splendid setting for the woods and fields and homesteads of
the farms along the shore.
When a choice of situation for the f ntnre capital of Canada was in
qoestion some people seemed to have considered March as a desirable
location for the seat of government, and this opinion calls forth a
Hcomfal editorial in the Bytown OazetU of April 16th, 1840. The
writer characterizes the idea as " The pretty plausible story about the
township of March being designed as the seat of the united L^jrislature,"
and goes on to say "* That some spot on the banks of the Ottawa River
will be selected for this purpose, we have little doubt, and that Bytown
presents the most eligible site has been again and again demonstrated ;
but that the story about March could have any other foundation than in
some of the wags of the township (for wags there are there) is extremely
improbable."
The first settler to locate was Captain John Benning Monk, of
H. M. 97th Regiment, who arrived in June, 1819, having been paddled
and portaged in boats from Montreal, where he had the misfortune to
lose his baby daughter. Leaving his wife in Hull, Captain Monk
proceeded by river to March, where, with his soldier servants, he
constructed a rude shanty, to which he brought Mrs. Monk, and which
was aptly named " Mosquito Cove " by the much-tormented occupants,
and the name remains to indicate the locality, though the building has
long since disappeared. The little house was not d together weather-
proof, as we may imagine, and it is told of Mra Monk that, during
heavy rainstorms, she made an ingenious use of a large tin tea-tray as a
shelter from the dripping roof for the baby in its cradle, and listened
complacently to the tinkle of the rain-drops, feeling sure that baby at
least was cosy and dry.
Captain Monk was soon followed by Lieut Read,of the Royal Marines,
and his brother, Mr. James Read; Captain Street, Royal Navy; Mr., after-
wards the Honorable Hamnet Eirkes Pinhey; Captain Landell ; Captain
Weatherly ; Colonel, afterwards Major- Qenend Lloyd; Captain Cox, of the
98th ; Mr. Daniel Beatty, and Captain Stevens, of the 37th Regiment
These were all that took up land in the township during the year 1819,
and the river front was wholly located during the summer and fall of
that year, being divided among the settlers in proportion to the extent
of their grants. The land grants were very large, containing from 1,600
to 6,000 acres, according to the rank of the officers, privates and civilians
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THE SETTLERS OF MARCH TOWNSHIP. 99
receiving 100 acres, and the only condition attached was that the lands
be settled upon. Mr. Pinhey drew 1,000 acres, and, " in consideration of
his services to the commnnity in developing the country,'' was after-
wards granted another 1,000 by the Imperial Government. The town-
ship had not been surveyed when these gentlemen settled, and when this
was done in June, 1820, it was found that some had mistaken their
location, and even built houses on another's property. But these
mistakes seemed to have been settled in the most amicable manner.
Thus it was found that Captain Monk's first dwelling at Mosquito Cove
was built on part of Lieut Read's land, so a second and more comfort-
able clapboard house was erected at Point Pleasant. This was subse-
quently abandoned for a third and much finer stone dwelling,
"Beeehmount" Captain Monk had ten children, and among his
numerous descendants are several prominent citizens of Ottawa. One
son is Q. W. Monk, ex-M.P.P. for Carleton County, and Mrs. Chas.
McNab, a well-known member of our society, to whom the writer is
indebted for many details of this sketch, is a daughter. The eldest son,
the late Benning Monk, was the second child bom in March; Patrick
Eillean, whose pcurents were servants of Captain Monk, and who after-
wards took up land in South March, being the first.
Mr. Hamnet Pinhey, a name well known in Ottawa, and whose
descendants are well represented in the membership of the Historical
Society, was a wealthy English gentleman, most enterprising and pro-
^rressive, who was also attracted by the beautiful situation of the town-
ship, and made a most desirable addition to the settlement. Leaving his
wife and two children in England, Mr. Pinhey arrived in March, June,
1820, cleared and planted garden and farm land, and built a comfortable
1(^ cottage. He returned to England in March, 1821, for his wife and
family, and arrived in March in August of the same year, the sea voyage
occupying two months. Soon after his arrival Mr. Pinhey built a grist
and sawmill, the first mills in the township, the ruins of which remain ;
and some years after he erected at his own expense the first stone church,
a sabfitantial structure of English design, and finished in butternut wood
supplied by the trees which grew near by, and which were cut in Mr.
Pinhey's sawmill. This was not, however, the first place of worship in
March, for when Captain Weatherly, who had built his house on Captain
Street's land by mistake, vacated the building. Captain Street, who had
a house already, converted the house into a church. It was used as such
until Mr. Pinhey erected the present stone one. There is an item in the
Bytown Oaaette of June 13th, 1838, with the heading, ''The Church in
March," and runs as follows : " Our readers will recollect that about two
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100 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
years ago a paragraph, copied from the London Olobe, took the rounds
of the provincial papers, setting forth that the Countess of Ross had con-
tributed towards the church in March £800 sterling. We are requested
by the gentleman who built the church to state that the building was
commenced in the spring of 1825, and completed at Christmas, 1828, and
no subscription from that noble lady, nor any contribution either in
England or Ireland has ever been received or solicited towards it."
Mr. Pinhey's superior abilities and enterprise were recognized by the
Imperial Government as before mentioned, and justly appreciated by tiie
community, who elected him to several representative offices. He was a
member of the Legislative Council of Upper Canada, and the successor
of the Honorable Thomas McKay as warden of Dalhousie. His fine resi-
dence, Horaceville, named after his eldest son, and one-half of which
with the lands is entailed, has somewhat deteriorated. The original
house remains, and to this has been added at different times three stone
parts, spacious and well lighted, with a wide central hall having quaint
oaken settles and great oak staircase of unusual width and design.
There are many interesting features about this old house which cannot
be mentioned in this paper, but it must be remarked that it has the com-
modious pantries, wine cellars, plate-safe and stone-flagged kitchen of an
old English country house.
On the sloping terrace before the house Mr. Pinhey erected a tall
flagstaff and built a platform, on which were mounted eleven small
cannon. These, as well as the flag, luul been brought from England
through the kindness of a member of the family, and the latter has
decorated the platform and added to the interest of some of our meetings.
They were used on festal occcisions and anniversaries, and in 1860 greeted
the Prince of Wales with a Royal salute as he passed up the river.
Captain Street was a brave and distinguished officer of the navy,
who began his career as a little midshipman on one of the ships of the
Channel fleet, under Earl Howe, in the memorable engagement off Ushant
with the French, and was presented with the freedom of Liverpool in
recognition of gallant and distinguished services. He was the first
magistrate in this part of the country, and exercised the functions of his
office, settling disputes, celebrating marriages, etc., for the people not
only of March, but of all the surrounding country on both sides of the
river. His residence is named " Helens ville," after his wife, who survived
him, and afterwards was married to Captain Stevens. The first school-
house, of hewn logs, was built by Captain Street's son, Mr. J. O. Street,
at his own expense. He also maintained a teacher for the first two
yeara
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THE SETTLERS OF IIABCH TOWXSHIP. 101
Qeneral Lloyd drew 1,600 acres, and eventually bnilt a very fine
stone residence named '' Besfiboroogh," which became the property of
his niece, Mrs. Charles MacNab, Qeneral Lloyd having no children. Bat
the fearful forest fires which in 1870 swept with such destruction and
loss of life through the Ottawa valley, left only the solidly built walls of
*" Bessborough." He had also acquired some property in Bytown, one of
whose streets is named after him.
Captain Weatherly was a bachelor, and seems to have tired of his
Canadian homestead, for he sold out to a Mr. Didsbury, an English farmer
of means, who, with imported stock and advanced methods, started
scientific farming and stock raising, but was not successful. He in turn
sold his farm to Mr. Berry, who seems to have found brewing a more
profitable occupation than fancy farming.
In 1820 a number of settlers came in and located nearer the Huntley
line and South March. These were the Armstrongs, Grahams, Morgans,
Richardsons, Qleasons and Bouchers, and Captains Logan and Bradley,
and Dr. Christie, of the Navy, who afterwards removed to Bytown and
became editor of the Bytown Gazette. This family is a well-known one
in Ottawa, a granddaughter being enrolled in the Historical Society.
After four years the free grants were discontinued, and we do not here
include as early settlers those who afterwards acquired lands and settled
in March, for our interest centres in those who came first to the unbroken
forest and unsurveyed lands by weary stages of canoe and portage ; who
endured privations and faced dangers with a courage and hope that
were heroic. There were no steamers on the Ottawa in those days — no
railway communication with Montreal, whence all their provisions had
to be brought once or twice a year ; but all goods from Montreal had to
be brought by land to Lachine and loaded in bateaux for Point For-
tone, where the goods were transferred to carts and portaged to Hawkes-
bury. There bateaux were again loaded for Hull, where they were
landed and conveyed to the lake shore at Aylmer, and lastly transferred
once more to boats for March. One lady of March used to tell that
once, just before the time had arrived to send for supplies, on going to
her nearly emptied tea caddy, she found her small son had filled it up
with '' nice clean " sand, and she shed tears of vexation and disappoint-
ment over that buried tea.
Bears were numerous in those days, often carrying off calves and
pigs from the fcurmyard^ ; wolves infested the forests, and even the little
squirrels and chipmunks made themselves enemies to the settlers by
devouring the growing grain. These were some of the hardships of the
March pioneers, but being people of education and refinement, they had
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102 ONTABIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
resources within themselves which helped them to forget the disadvant-
ages of their environments, and the ban camaraderie^ which was the
dominant characteristic of the settlement, seems to have developed into
warmer sentiment in many of their children, as is evinced by the fre-
quency of intermarriages in the families of these first settlers of the
township.
In closing this very imperfect sketch of March's earliest settlers I
would refer to the origin of the township's name. The Duke of Rich-
mond, Governor-General of Canada, having joameyed over the proposed
roate of the Ridean Canal from Kingston, in the summer of 1819, arrived
at the settlement of Richmond, near Ottawa, where he spent a day, and
was entertained at dinner by some of the officers already settled there.
It was at this dinner party that the township was named, in compliment
to the Duke, for his son, the Elarl of March. This was the last evening
in the life of the Governor-General, for his sad death from hydrophobia,
occurred next day, and the son, whose name was given to the new town-
ship, became the next Duke of Richmond.
THE SETTLEMENT OF THE COUNTY OF GRENVILLE.*
BT MBS. BUERITT.
lliis county was named in honor of William Windham Grenville,
bom in 1759, died 1834. He was created Baron Grenville 1790, and was
appointed Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs 1791. He was a brother
of George Grenville, third E^rl of Temple, who was created Marquis of
Buckingham 1784, and a cousin of the Right Honourable William Pitt
Grenville has five townships: Edwardsburg, named in honor of
Prince Edward, Duke of Kent ; Augq9ta, called after Princess Augusta
Sophia, second daughter of King George HI. ; South Gower, which took
its name from Admiral the Honorable John Leveson Gower, second son
of the first Earl Gower, who distinguished himself as the Commander of
Quebec ; Wolford, which was named after a property of Governor Sim-
coe, in Devonshire ; and Oxford, from Oxford on the Thames. It also
includes the incorporated villages of Kempt ville and Merrick ville and
the town of Prescott
* Read before the Women's Canadian Historical Society of Ottawa.
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THE SETTLEMENT OF THE COUNTT OP GRENVILLE. 103
The present age is characterized by a spirit of investigation and
research, and in no department is this more apparent than in that of
history. To lift the veil which shroods the misty past, and bring to light
the facts connected with the birth and infant days of a Nation is a task
possessing pecaliar charms, not only to the antiqoarian who traces
the footsteps well worn by time, hot to those who love the l^rendary
tales of long ago. Canada is rich in prehistoric vestiges, in scattered
relics, in memorable adventures, in pioneer struggles, hot above all in the
half-forgotten and never-recorded sufferings, privations and heroism of
the ** King's men," known as United Empire Loyalists. The history of
an Empire is but the combined history of its Provinces ; the history of
its Provinces an epitome of that of its several subordinate divisions.
Proof is not wanting that Ontario was at one time the home of a race
similar to the tribes inhabiting Peru, Central America and Mexico, yet
inferior to them in civilization, and which has left behind it remains we
are unable to explain.
In July, 1854, W. K Guest, Esq., made a visit to the mound in the
vicinity of Spencerville, in the county of Orenville, furnishing a report
for the Smithsonian Institution at Washington, said report being subse-
quently published, and from which we quote. " Hundreds and thousands
of years before the white man's foot had pressed the soil of the new
world, there lived and flourished a race of men who called this continent
their home. Had they a written history, what deeds of chivalry might
we not peruse. One of the principal mounds in Canada is situated in
the township of Augusta, about eight miles and a half from Prescott, on
a farm formerly occupied by Mr. Tarp. The other work is situated in
the township of Edwardsburg, near Spencerville, on an elevated piece of
ground, is well chosen for defence, and overlooks the surrounding coun-
try to a great distance. It consists of an embankment in the shape of a
moccasined foot, the heel pointing to the south, and enclosing about three
and a half acres of ground ; the location being the front half of lot 27,
in the seventh concession of Edwardsburg.
" This enclosure has been culj^ivated for several years. Some parts
of the embankment are from two to three feet high. On these there
are several enormous pine stumps, one of which is nearly five feet in
diameter. Many pieces of pottery have been found in the enclosure,
simUar to those discovered in Augusta ; also pieces of clay pipes, one of
them richly ornamented, and a stone implement sharpened to a point,
which was doubtless used for dressing skins. There are also human
bones scattered over the field, which the plough has turned up. The
'terra cotta' found here is elaborate in its workmanship, and is as hard
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104 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
as stoneware of the present day. It seems to be oomposed of quartz
pounded np and mixed with clay, which adds to its hardness ; and as to
beanty of shape, some of the restored articles will compare favorably
with those shown in the Italian department at the Centennial* Theae
vessels have been found from four to eight inches in diameter."
Mr. Quest also found a few rounded pieces of pottery in the shape
of coia He also discovered one beautifully-polished bone needle, about
five inches long, with an eye rudely perforated, and a piece of ivory in
the shape of a knife, made of a shark's tooth, which had some marks
upon it, by which the owner evidently intended to identify it From a
subsequent visit, he also obtained an earthen pipe complete and a piece
of human skull with several notches cut in its edge, and evidently
intended for a saw. The great size of the trees, the stumps of which
remain on the embankment, are evidence of the long time that has
elapsed since these monuments were erected ; and the fact of the bones
of the walrus and shark being found, shows the acquaintance of the
original occupants with the sea ; while the entire absence of stone pipes
and arrowheads of the same material, " which belong to a later age,
properly designated Indian," as well as the entire deficiency of metab,
or anything European to connect them with the western or eastern
tribes, and the significant fact that no remains of a similar kind have
been found on the borders of the St Lawrence, but that they are always
situated upon terraces from one to two hundred feet above the present
level of the water, is all strong proof of their antiquity compared with
those of a much lower level, in which to this day stone pipes and copper
articles are found.f Canada awaits the advent of one who shall by
indisputable evidence from mound to monument unfold the history
which so far has defied the genius of her most gifted sons.
When the Revolutionary War closed the British Government adopted
a policy of prudence and liberality by granting to the Loyalist refugees
large tracts of land in partial recompense for the losses sustained in
adhering to the Old Flag. The result has been to build up to the north
of the St Lawrence a confederation strong in British principles, and
offering a bulwark against the spread of republicanism in North
America. Previous to the arrival of the first settlers in the spring of
1784 partial surveys had been made of the townships fronting the St
Lawrence, Major Holland having charge of the same. The United
Empire certificates of ownership became articles of barter. Many of
•This U undoubtedly an exaggerated description. The "piece of ivory," afterwards
mentioned, was probably a piece of a large shell. — D. B.
fThis does not correspond with recent conclusions. — D. B.
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THE SETTLEMENT OF THE COUNTr OF GRENVILLE. 105
those who drew land never examined it, and, if the location was in the
rear townships it was considered almost worthless. It, therefore,
happened that lots were sold for a mere song, and in many instances
given away. Two hundred acres, now comprised in one of the l)est
farms in the township of Bastard, were offered for a pair of coarse boots,
but the offer was refused. Storekeepers bought up the location tickets
for a calico dress, and resold the same lands to emigrants at from two to
four dollars an acre. The first operation of the new settler was to erect
a shanty, which generally consisted of a log cabin about 15 by 20. One
door and one window were considered sufficient. The roof was con-
structed by placing straight poles lengthwise of the building, over
which were spread strips of elm bark four feet in length and from one
to two feet in width, the layers overlapping each other and held down
by poles above, which were fastened by means of withes to those below.
The hearth was made of flat stones, as well as the fireback, which was
carried up as high as the logs in some instances, in others the chimney
consisted of a flue made of green timber, plastered with mud. No
boards could be procured for a floor, consequently the material was
split out of basswood logs and planed by means of a settler s axe. The
door frequently consisted of a blanket, while the furniture of the cabin
was such as could be fa.shioned with an auger and an axe.
The following interesting memoir was furnished by the late Adiel
Sherwood, Esq., Sheriff of the District of Johnstown for thirty-five
years, to Dr. Canniff, of Toronto :
**At the conclusion of the Revolutionary War, in 1783, the first settlers of Upper
Canada were residing in Lower Canada, at and between Quebec and Montreal. Two
provincial corps deserve especial notice ; they were stationed at St. Johns, about
twenty-seven miles from Montreal, on the south side of the River St. Lawrence. One
was commanded by Major Jessup, the other by Major Rodgers, the forces under their
command being actually the very first settlers of Leeds and Grenville.
** About the first of June, 1784, they came up and located along the bank of the
St. Lawrence. The total number of new settlers who entered the province in 1784
was computed at 10,000.
''The river was ascended by means of small boats called bateaux. These barques
were built at Lachine, and were capable of carrying from four to five families each.
Twelve boats constituted a brigade. Each brigade was placed under the command of
a conductor, with five men in each boat, two of whom were placed on each side to
row, with one in the stem to steer. It was the duty of the conductor to give direc-
tions for the safe management of the flotilla. When a rapid was ascended, part of the
boats were left at the foot in charge of one man, the remaining boats being doubly
manned and drawn up by means of a rope fastened to the bow, leaving four men in
the boat, with settinsr poles to assist.
" The men at the end of the rope walked along the bank, but were frequently
compelled to wade in the current, upon the jagged rocks. On reaching the head of
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106 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
the rapid, one man was left in charge, and the boatmen returned for the balance of
the brigade.
'*The Loyalists were furnished rations by the Gk)vemment until they oonld
clear the land and provide for themselves. The seed given consisted of spring wheat,
pease, Indian com and potatoes. Farming and other implements were provided,
consisting of axes, hoes, augers, etc., and in some instances a kind of metal miU, in
which to grind their com and wheat I am not aware that any of tiie miUs were
distributed in Leeds and Grenville. Commissioners were appcnnted to iBsoe tiie
rations and other supplies. At that tame the country was a howling wilderness. Not
a single tree had been cut by an actual settler from the Province line to Kingston, a
distance of one hundred and fifty miles. I saw the first tree cut in the united counties
by an actual settler ; the first hill of com and potatoes planted ; but, alas, where is
the axe or the man that did the work 1 Not a single individual that I am aware of*
is now living of the first settlers but myself.
"While many difficulties were encountered in the early settlement, yet we
realized many advantages. We were always supplied with venison ; deer were yery
plentiful, partridge and pigeons in abundance, plenty of fish for all who wished to
catch them, no taxes to pay, and an abundance of wood at our doors. Althou^
deprived of many kinds of fruit, we obtained the natural productions of the country —
strawberries, raspberries, gooseberries, blackberries and plenty of red plums. Cran-
berries were found in abundance in the marshes. The only animal we brought with
us was a little dog named Tipler, that proved almost invaluable in hunting.
'* After the first year, we raised a supply of Indian com ; but had no mill to
grind it, and were, therefore, compelled to pound it in a large mortar, manufacturing
what we call ' Samp,' which was made into Indian bread, called by the Dutch, ' Sup-
pawn.' The mortar was constmcted in the foUowing manner :
'' We cut a log from a large tree, say two and s half feet in diameter and six
feet in length, planted firmly in the ground, so that about two feet projected above
the surface ; then carefully bumed the centre of the top, so as to form a oonsidouble
cavity, which was then scraped clean. We generally selected an ironwood tree, about
six inches in diameter, to form the pestle.
" Although this simple oontrivanoe did well enough for oom, it did not answer
for grinding wheat The €k>vemment, seeing the difficulty, built a mill back of
Kingston,' where the inhabitants for seven miles below Brockville got their grinding
done. In our neighborhood, they got along very well in summer by lashing two
canoes together. Three persons would unite to manage the craft, each taking a grist.
It generally took about a week to perform the journey. After horses were procured,
kind Providence furnished a road on the ice, until the road was passable by land.
What is wonderiul is, that during the past fifty years it has not been practicable for
horses and sleighs to traverse the ice from Brockville to Kingston, such a way having
been provided only when absolutely necessary for the settlers.
*' In 1811, the Reverend William Smart arrived in Brockville, being the first
minister of any denomination to settle in that place, or for that matter within fifty
miles of it. At that time magistrates were legally qualified to perform the marriage
ceremony.
''The first doctor was Solomon Jones, domiciled about seven miles below
Brockville. The first lawyer appointed in the District of Johnstown was Samuel
Sherwood ; he was one of the first magistrates, and afterward Judge of the District
Court."
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THE SETTLEMENT OF THE COUNTr OF GRENVILLE. 107
The present generation of Canadians is almost ignorant of the fact
that the institution of slavery once existed in Canada. The proud and
pleasing appellation which Canada enjoyed for so many years of a safe
asylum for slaves who had effected their escape from the United States,
is in most cases alone knovm to have belonged to us. But the record of
our young country is so honorable upon the question of slavery that the
fact that slaves did once breathe among us, casts no stig .:a upon the
maple leaf, no single stain upon her virgin garments. The fact is,
slavery could not live in Canada, much less grow. The leading
principles which guided the settlers of the country were of too noble a
nature to accept the monstrous system of human bondage as an append-
age of the colony.
At the second session of Parliament in Upper Canada, an Act
was passed to prevent the further introduction of slaves. And when
the British Act of Emancipation was passed in 1833, setting free the
slaves in all parts of the Empire, there had been no slaves in Canada for
thirty years previous. When the families, both of British and Dutch
nationality, came as refugees to Canada, there accompanied them a
number of slavea Sheriff Sherwood says :
** In answer to a letter of Dr. Canniff as regards slaves. 1 only recollect two or
three which settled in the District of Johnstown ; one, in particular, named Cassar
Congo, owned by Captain Justus Sherwood, who came with his family in the same
brigade of boats with my father, and located about two miles above Prescott. I
recollect distinctly Ceesar Congo, then a stout young man, and who often took the
late Mr. Justus Sherwood and myself on his back, to assist us along while the boats
were drawn up the rapids. Caesar was sold to a half -pay officer, named Bottom, who
settled about six miles above Prescott. After twenty years' service Mr. Bottom gave
CiBaar his freedom. Caesar then married a free coloured woman, and settled in the
town of Brock ville, where he lived many years and died. Daniel Jones, father of the
late Sir Daniel Jones, of Brockville, had at one time a female colored slave. There
were a few more slaves residing in the district, but so far from my residence that I
can give no account of them from personal knowledge.'*
In the Ottawa Citizen, of 1867, appeared the followinf; :
'* A Bbitish Slave. — An old negro appeared at the Court of Assise yesterday,
in a case of Morris vs, Hennerson. He is 101 years of age and was formerly a slave
of a United Empire Loyalist who brought him to Canada. He fought through the
American War in 1812 on the side of the British. Was at the battle of Chippawa
and Lundy's Lane, and was wounded at Sackett's Harbor. He is in full possession
of all kis faculties. He was brought to this city to prove the death of a person in
1803 and another in 1804."
The Borritt family were the first settlers on the Ridean, and their
son, Edmund Burritt, father of Alex. Borritt, Re^strar, city of Ottawa^
was the first white child bom on the Rideao River.
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108 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Stephen, with his brother, Adoniram Burritt, were both engtLg&d on
the Royalist side at the battle of Bennington, Vermoni After the
engagement they found a wonnded American and took him to a place of
safety, where he was kindly nursed and finally recovered. One year
after the Burritts were arrested by the continental authorities and
thrown into Bennington gaoL By chance, the young American whose
life they had saved was placed on guard over the prisoners. Recogniz-
ing his benefactors, he devised a scheme for their escape, which was
successful. After escaping from gaol Stephen made his way to St Johns,
Quebec, where he joined the British army. The remainder of the
family did not come to Canada until the close of the war. After
Stephen received his discharge he came up the St Lawrence on a trad-
ing voyage, buying furs from the Indians. As a United Empire
Loyalist he drew lot 29, in the first concession of Augusta. Returning
to St Johns, he met his father (Daniel) and family, all of whom removed
to Augusta, where Daniel, the father of the family, died at the advanced
age of 97 years and 9 months.
Stephen went out to the Rideau on an exploring expedition, strik-
ing the river at Cox*s Bay, where he constructed a raft and floated down
to Burritt's Rapids, whidi spot he chose for settlement It was there
that Colonel Edmund Burritt was born, the first white child on the
Rideau, the date being December 8th, 1793. Stephen Burritt was the
first white settler north of the Rideau, undergoing severe trials and
privations for a long time. For years he had to carry his provisions on
his back for thirty miles. At one time, while chopping, he was attacked
by an Indian, who ordered him to quit the hunting grounds of the
tribe. The struggle was a desperate one, but at last the Indian was
thrown to the ground and an axe held over his head, when he begged
for mercy and promised friendship, a promise which he faithfully
fulfilled. While in the army and quite young, Mr. Burritt was employed
by Baron St Leger as a writer of war despatches. Subsequently, he
joined his regiment and took part in the battles of Gage's Hill (where
he was wounded), Fort Edward and Saratoga. It was as a discharged
member of Rodgers' corps that he came to Upper Canada.
He was appointed a justice of the peace, and in 1810 elected
member of Parliament General Brock made him a lieutenant-colonel,
and reposed the greatest confidence in his judgment and ability.
Shortly after Colonel Burritt settled at Burritt s Rapids he and his wife
were attacked with fever and ague. Having no neighbors, they were
compelled to rely upon themselves. They grew worse, and at last were
confined to bed and helpless. For three days and three nights they
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THE SETTLEMKNT OF THI COUKTY OF GREMVILLE. 109
were withoot fire and food, and folly made op ttieir minds that ihey
most die. At this jonctore a band of Indians arrived at the rapids,
Altered the log cabin, and at once comprehended the sitoation. The
sqoaws prepared some medicine and food, carefoUy norsing their white
brother and sister ontil they recovered, the braves in the meantime
gathering and storing a field of com for the sick man. From that day
the colonel threw open his hoose to the dosky sons of the forest, and
ever after it was no oncommon thing to awake in the morning and
discover a score of savages reclining in the hall and other parts of the
hoose. When proceeding op the river in the spring they frequently
left many articles with the colonel for safe keeping, not forgetting on
their retom in the fall to present him with a rich present of furs.
There are many families in the coonty, ** pioneers " who soon trans-
fcMrmed the forest into fertile lands, making the settlement one of the
most prosperoos on the frontier, of whom I woold like to give a detailed
aooonnt, bot time will not permit^ a few of whom are the Sherwoods,
Jones, Donhams, Jeesop, Pennock, Wells, Bottom, Hord, Boell, Kilbom
and some others, who can trace their descent from the United Empire
Loyalists.
PRESCOTT.
This important town was foonded by C!olonel Jessop in 1810, the
present fort, Wellington, standing opon the homestead of the original
pioneer. The windmill sitoated on Windmill point, a short distance
below the iown, and known to all readers of Canadian history in
oonseqoenee of the important part it played in the battle fooght between
the invaders and the loyal Canadians in the year 1838, was erected in
1822 by a West India merchant named Hughes.
Several buildings of a similar character were at an early- date built
opon the banks of the Si Lawrence, but were soon superseded by mills
driven by water power. In 1873 it was converted into a lighthouse.
Prescott has the honor of being the birthplace of our distinguished
fellow-townsman, the Honorable R W. Scott, Q.C., Secretary of State in
oor present Parliament of the Dominion of Canada.
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110 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
RECOLLECTIONS OF MARY WARREN BRECKENRIDGE,
OF CLARKE TOWNSHIP*
BT CATHERIK E P. LEEROT.
My paper consists of a few extracts taken from the reeollectiooa of
Mary Warren Breckenridge. These recollections were written from her
dictation by her daughter, Maria Mamey, aboot the year 1859. They
are interesting, as showing the contrast between those early days in tiie
settlement of Canada and oor own more comfortable times.
Mary Warren Breckenridge was the yoongest of sixteen d:iildren,
and was only seven years old when her father, Robert Baldwin,
emigrated to America in 1798, bringing with him six children. After
meeting with many adventares and being more than once in danger of
shipwreck they finally arrived safely on this side of the ocean.
The first extract describes their journey from New York to
Toronto : .
*' My grandfather and his family," she says, '* reached New York in June, 1798.
About a fortnight was taken up in going up the Hudson in a sloop. The weather was
very hot, and they frequently stopped to buy milk, bread, etc., suffering very mucti
from the heat. They took fully another fortnight coming up the Mohawk, where
they found the mosquitoes a terrible infliction. From Oswego they crossed lake
Ontario to the island — then the peninsula — opposite Toronto, which was then a
carrying place of the Indians, and at night they crossed *the bay of Toronto, then
York, arriving at the celebrated town «knd finding it composed of about a dozen or sb
of houses, a dreary, dismal place, not even possessing the characteristics of a village.
There was no church, schoolhouse or any of the ordinary signs of civilization, bat it
was, in fact, a mere settlement. There was not even a Methodist chapel, nor does my
mother remember more than one shop. There was no inn, and thoee traveUers who
had no friend to go to pitched a tent and lived in that as long as they remained. My
grandfather and his family had done so during their journey. The Qovemment
House and the Garrison lay about a mile from York, with a thick wood between.
** After remaining a few days in York the family proceeded to take possession
of a farm my grandfather purchased in the township of Clarke, about fifty mfles
below York. They travelled in open bateaux, when night came on pitching their tent
on the shores of Lake Ontario. The journey generally occupied two days, sometimes
much longer. They found on the land a small log hut with a bark roof and a chimney
made of sticks and clay, the chinks between the logs stuffed with moss, and only a
ladder to go to the loft above."
After living about eighteen months at Clarke, Mary Breckenridge
was taken by her father and an elder sister to New York, in order that
♦ Read before the Women's Canadian Society of Toronto.
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RECOLLECTIONS OF MART WARBEN BRECKEKRIDGE. Ill
the latier might be married to a gentleman she had become eD<raged to
on the voyage onL The journey in those days was one of difficulties
and adventures.
**Aboat October, 1799, the trio set out. They crowed Like Ontario to
Niagua, which took a day and a half. They had been detained three weeks at York
before they found a schooner oroenng the lake, and they were detained three weeks
more at Niagara before Uiey found a party going on, for people had to wait then for
a party to go through the forest, as a cararan does orer the desert.
'* While detained at Niagara a dark day occurred, which was Tery extraordinary,
and during which strange ncnses like cannon were heard, which alarmed them rery
much. They Tiaited the falls, which one came upon through the dense forest, snd
which were infinitely grander then, in their primeral state, than they are now, when
laid bare by cirilization.
'* After returning they proceeded to Canandaigua, where they found they had not
sufficient money to get <m, and they had to wait a whole month until a remittance
came to them, meanwhile suffering great privations and eren h^rdwhip^.
" Another party having been found, and money having come, they set out onoe
more. They crossed Oayuga Lake over a long bridge, two miles long, and after that,
by some means, lost their way — their sleigh first being overwt and their money neariy
loet in the snow. It was, of course, in those days gold and ailver, and carried
in a bag.
** After wandering about and quite losing their path they at length, by the
m<M>nlight, saw smoke, and proceeding towards it, dogs began to bark, and presently
an Indian came towards them, to whom they explained their distress. He proved to
be a chief, and very politely invited them into his wigwam. They gladly accepted the
invitation, and my mother often speaks of that, to her, delightful night in the bark
wigwam, with the blazing logs on one side and the hole at the top, where, as she lay
on her bed of hemlock boughs and bear skins, she saw the stars twinkling down on
them. The Indians were very hospitable, giving up wiUi great politeness the half of
their wigwam to the strangers. My mother does not remember any of the incidents
of their sleigh journey for the rest of the way down the Hudson, except my aunt
getting a dress made at Albany, where, to her amazement, the dressmaker told her
that the open gown with the long train that was in vogue when she left Ireland was
done away with, and round gowns were now the fashion."
They finally arrived safely at New York, and the marriage — on
account of which the journey had been undertaken — took place Feb.
I2th, 1800. Mary Breckenridge did not return to Canada until 1807.
The changes which had taken place during that time, and other matters
are described in her recollections, thus :
'* The country had, of course, improved somewhat during the seven years since
they went down, still where cities now stand there was then only woods, woods,
woods, with here and there a few scattered houses. For instance, at BuflQftlo, where
they passed a night, was a solitary roadside inn, with a swinging sign. No other
house, and the beautiful Lske Erie spread out before it.
** My unde drove his own carriage all the way from Albany. Ten miles he and
my mother had to walk through the woods where the road was very bad. My mother
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112 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
found York had vastly changed in those yean. There were a church, a gaol, a light-
house building and many nice houses, and the woods between the garrison and town
fast disappearing.
** My mother went down to the farm after her sifters had returned to New
York, and then her experience of ' roughing it in the bush ' began. The hardships
were bearable until the winter came on, which proved to be one of the most severe
ever known in Canada.
** In the end of the previous summer and the fall, the field mioe were a perfect
plague. They were found in myriads, and destroyed everything they oould find.
Everything that was turned up proved to be a homestead destroyed, and the oat
loathed mice as the Israelites did quails. The winter made an end of the mice, which
lay dead by hundreds of thousands on the ground. But a new trouble arose, very
trying to the women and those unable to work. White oak staves were found to be
marketable and to bring a large price. Therefore a mania arose for cutting and pre-
paring these staves. Consequently every man in the country set to work at this new
employment, leaving the women and old people to get on as they could cm their wild
lands. My grandfather's man followed the universal example, and they could get no
other man for the highest wages that oould be offered.
** My mother, a young and delicate girl of sixteen, was obliged to drag hay up a
hiU to feed all the cattle and a flock of sheep, though terrified by the animals, as my
grandfather was too infirm to do it himself. There was also a pack of hounds to feed,
and water to draw, and logs to draw into the outhouse, at which three worked, that
is, aunt Alice, my grandfather and mother, and my grandfather chopped the logs in
the house to supply the great fireplace, which held what we would call a load of wood
almost now.
** During the following summer flints of pigeons were remarkable. My mother
•ays they used to darken the air."
They were much terrified on one occasion bj a visit from a party
of Indians :
'* One Sunday he (my grandfather) had gone to see his neighbor, Mr. Cozens (?),
when soon after he had gone several Indians came, bringing furs and asking for
whiskey. My mother and aunt refused them. The Indians became so urgent and
insolent and so constantly increasing in number that they became terrified and sent
the French girl to beg my grandfather to return. She came back in a few minutes
more frightened than ever, saying that as she passed the camp she saw Uie squaws
hiding away all the knives, as they always do when the Indians are drunken, and that
they chased her back. Some of the Indians were intoxicated before they came to the
house, and their threats were awfuL They had collected to the number of forty, and
those poor girls still held out stoutly in refusing Uie whiskey, which was kept beneath
a trapdoor in the ki chen, in a sort of little cellar. At length my aunt thought of the
large, handsome family Bible, in two volumes, in which they had been reading, and
opened them and pointed out the pictures to try and attract their attention, while my
mother knelt down at the other end of the toble and prayed to God loudly and
earnestly.
*' In this position my grandfather found them, and fearful was Uie sho<^ to
him. He brought Cozens with him. No sooner did the Indians see him than (me
man drew his knife and showed it to my mother, saying, * Cozens kill my brother, I
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A RELIC OF THAYENDANEGEA. 113
kill Cozens.* Then my grandfather, to diyert that idea, was obliged to get them the
whiskey. Nothing else probably saved their lives.
'I Cozens slipped away and called the Lovekins and some other neighbors, and
my aunt and mother went into a little room inside my grandfather's, while he and his
friends kept watch, and those horrid creatures set to for a regular orgie. There was
a great kettle of food for the hounds on the fire, made of bran and potato peelings
and all sorts of refuse. This they eat up dean and clever ; then they drank, danced
«Dd sang all night long, and in the morning off they went, to the relief and joy of the
family.
'* One great misery of life at Clarke was the unpleasantness of being obliged to
sit at table with one's servants, a black one sometimes being amongst them. My
grandfather used to sit at the upper end of the table, with his family at each side of
him, while lower down sat the servants and laborers—somewhat in the old feudal
style — the nearness of the view decidedly divesting the arrangement of all
enchantment.
"Another was the being obliged to receive every passer up and down who
wished to stay. Sometimes, of course, there would be an agreeable guest or party of
guests, but as there was no sort of inn, it was not quite so agreeable to have fifteen
or twenty coachmen come and take possession of your kitchen, and perhaps be storm-
bound and have to remain several days. There were also parties constantly coming
toJSquire Baldwin's to be married.
" The mode of travelling was wonderful to hear of. There was a great stopping
place called Pike's, somewhere about Whitby. Here men, women and children had
to occupy one room, all lying on the floor, with their feet towards the fire and some
bundle under their heads.
*^ In December, 1810, the*family moved up in sleighs to York."
Where, after experienciDg so many hardships, they enjoyed the
comforts of comparative civilization.
A RELIC OF THAYENDANEGEA.*
(Capi, Joseph Brant.)
BT MBS. M. E. BOSE HOLDEN.
Only a few moments of your time will I daim to speak of this bit
of faded, battered and torn yard of red silk, made dim by the war-dust
of revolutionary and tribal wars.
This war and time-worn bsomer, stamped as you see with the signet
of British prowess and power, was given by George II L to Captain
Brant, Mohawk war prince of North America, to carry before the red
children of the New World, who were joined in alliance with their
" Father the Great King.*'
* Read at the Annual Meeting of the Ontario Historical Society in Hamilton, June 7th, 1900,
8
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Hi ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
This oniqae roemorial of war and times long past remains to as as
the symbol that the same colonial spirit of fealty, self-sacrifice and
loyalty to '' king and country ** which thrilled the hearts of the United
Empire Loyalists and their faithf ol allies of the Six Nations, is the same
'' tie of fellowship ** which, at the present hour of history, pulsates the
united hearts of colonial life from the rising to the setting snn, the
citizens, wherever found, owing alliance to Victoria the White Queen
of the British Empire.
How came it here ? Joseph Brant's grave and memorial in sculp-
tured stone are to be seen in the old Mohawk church burying-place,
and in the city of Brantford, but to his direct descendants scant honor
has been paid. The tragic double funeral and burial of Captain Kerr
and his wife, the beloved daughter of Captain John Brant, lie unmarked
by stone or cross in the old Burlington cemetery, a few miles from this
city.
I wish the Ontario Historical Society had time to make a pilgrimage
to the spot Many of the old landmarks of the surroundings of the
church have been changed and destroyed, but the quaint seats in the
north and south galleries, the curious locks and handles to the doors
of the building, and the innumerable small panes of glass in the gothic
windows which overlook these and many other historic graves, whisper
to us of the times when the square pew at the south side of the church,
and light hand side of the altar, duly facing eastward, was r^^tOarly
filled at every church service by the descendants of Jaseph Brant, devout
members of the Church of England.
If we lift the veil of romance which hides the lineal descendants of
Captain Kerr, hero of Queenston Heights and Beaver Dams, the stem
realities of life face us, piece by piece and bit by bit of the personal
property of the Brant family which, through the mother, came to the
late Simcoe Kerr, were parted with by him for the wherewithal to eat,
drink and be clothed. This trumpet banner came directly from the
hands of Simcoe Kerr into the possession of Mr. Marsden, one of our
oldest and most respected citizens. The gold watch presented by George
III. to Brant at the same time as this bsmner, bearing also the Royal
Coat of Arms, with inscription of date and donor of the gift, was also at
one time in the possession of Mr. Marsden, and disposed of in this city
to a Mr. Hardicker. This banner was given in return for moneys
advanced by Mr. Marsden, who, by this duly signed and witnessed card,
confirms the story which I have just told you. If this is not considered
suflScient are not '' the Queen's mark," these Indian ties and many
stitches and darns, the attempts of joining together the shriven texture
made by foemen's bullets enough ?
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A REUC OF THATEKDANXOKA. 115
No doubt aome of our departed red sUters shed Utter tears over
their handiwork in the repairing of this ** totem of the White King.**
The Royal and sacred mark of honor, which distinguished die Mohawk
above all other native tribes as leaders in war and denoted the rallying
point of the Six Nations, for wherever this bit of silk flattered there was
sore to be found Joseph Brant, and after him Captain John Brant and
their foUowers of "1796" and "1812-13" fame.
For over twenty-five years it has been rolled op as yon see it now.
Oar last glance shows as a spot of red and the anicom of Scotland on
one side, on the other the Royal Lion of England; and, as in the
''splendid isolation" of Britain in 1812-13, and that of 1899, both these
Royal emblems, through the mists of time cast over what is left of its
surface, seem to us to sound as bravely as of yore, the old battle cry of
Britain's greatness, virtues and power, " Dieu et mon Droit"
[Sinoe the foregoing paper was read, Mrt. Holden has been punning her inquiries
with reference to Captain Brant, and is, therefore, able to supply the foUowing addi-
tional notes. — Ed.]
The right by which the late Wm. John Simcoe Kerr held this flag
in his possession is as follows :
William J. Simcoe Kerr was of the line of Ichkarihoken, or heredi-
tary chief, through Catherine, third wife of Captain Joseph Brant, mar-
ried in Niagara in the spring of 1780.
Mrs. Brant was a true Mohawk, her birthright — the head of the
great Indian Confederacy of the Six Nations. Hence, on the death of
her husband in 1807, upon her devolved the naming of a successor to
the hereditary chieftainship of that alliance. The post was conferred on
her youngest and favorite son, the late Captain John Brant, who died of
cholera in 1832.
Upon the death of Catherine, the nomination was then held by
Margaret Powles, who named her grandson, Joseph Lewis, who died
1866. On death of Joseph, the eldest woman of the family was Cather-
ine John, who named her sister's son, William John Simcoe Kerr —
" Ichkarihoken."
Simcoe Kerr was bom 1840, died 1875. S. P. chief from 1866 to
1875, Barrister-inlaw 1862, married 28th July, 1870, Catherine M.,
daughter of John W. Hunter, M.D., of Hamilton, and Olivia, his wife.
"BRANT*S RING."
When Captain Joseph Brant visited England the first time, in
1775-6, having resolved to take up the hatchet in the cause of the Crown,
he procured a large gold linger ring, upon which his name, "Joseph Brant
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116 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Thayendanegea," was engraved, in order that in the event of his death in
battle his body might be known.
Soon after his death in 1807 this ring was lost ; and was not seen
again until it was ploughed up in a field adjoining the homestead. Its
recovery, two years before her death, gave great joy to Catherine, his
widow, who happened to be at the time on a visit to her daughter, who
was living at Brant House, Wellington Square.
This house was built ^by Joseph Brant after the wars of 1812,
where he adopted the English style of living, to a considerable exteni
On his death Mrs. Brant resumed the Indian mode of life, and returned
among her people on the Grand River.
It must have been upon the occasion of the chiefs visit to England in
1775-6 that H. M. George IIL presented Brant with the guidon, or flag»
which forms the subject of this paper.
The King also gave the Mohawk hero a gold watch, which had in-
scription of gift and Royal Arms engraved on ib The watch was sold in
Hamilton some twenty-five years ago to a private individual and cannot
now be traced. It must, therefore, be a matter of satisfaction to many,
that after lying perdu for so many years, this guidon is about to be re-
deemed by Mr& Oronhyatekha of ''The Pines," Deseronto, Ont, who
stands in the same degree of relationship to the late distinguished chief,
whose name during the war of the American revolution carried terror
into every border hamlet — as did Simcoe Kerr, who allowed the flag to
pass from his possession.
Mary, or "Molly Brant," sister of Chief Joseph, an exceedingly
beautiful Indian woman, was the second wife of Sir Wm. Johnson, Bari,
married 1774, died 1805.
Her children by this marriage were William, died unmarried. Her
daughters married as follows : Capt Farley, 60th Reg.; Lieut Lemoine,
24th Reg.; John Ferguson, of Indian Dept; Capt. Earle, naval ofiioer;
Robert Kerr, M.D., of Niagara, said to be a rdative of the Duke of
Roxburgh.
Wm. Johnson Kerr, married Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Brant,
captain in 1812. Commanded the Indians at Queenston Heights and
at Beaver Dams — was subsequently lieutenant-colonel and member of
the Legislative Assembly.
Mary K Rose Holden.
Hamilton.
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SOME PBESBYTERIAN U. E. LOYALISTS. 117
SOME PRESBYTERIAN U. E. LOYALISTS.
BY D. W. CLENDENNAN.
The history of the founders of Londonderry, New Hampshire, has a
special interest for Canadians. Some of the descendants of these stordy
Scotch-Irish Presbyterian pioneers are the United Empire ancestors of
thousands who to-day are proud to call Canada their country. It has
been said that there was not, during the stru^^le between Great Britain
and the American colonies, a single Presbyterian Loyalist This narrative
will show such a statement to be incorrect. It is certain that many of
the Londonderry Loyalists, whose names are mentioned herein as signers
of the petition in favor of Col. Stephen Holland, came to Canada in 1784,
and that most of them were Presbyterians. The writer's U. K Loyalist
ancestor, James Clendennan, and three sons, who settled where St
Catharines now stands, were English Church adherents. This change
in faith may have taken place before the war, or may have been due to
associations in Butler's Rangers, the chaplain of which was the Rev.
Robert Addison. The writer's father's uncle, John Campbell, whose
family settled at St Catharines, and afterwards moved to Peel County,
was a very ardent Presbyterian. While it is true that some Loyalists
were Presbyterians, it is equally true that Washington's long fight and
final victory was made possible by the adherence to his cause of
thousands of devoted, valorous and war-like Scotch-Irish Presbyterians.
They had settled largely in the Alleghany mountain ranges, and had for
years formed a bulwark between the French and Indians of the farther
west and the more peace-loving settlers of the fertile valleys east of this
range. The brave deeds of those times have been the theme of historian,
poet and romancer, and will live as long as the British race. The
freedom of these rugged and barren mountain lands was preferred to
negro slavery, coupled, as it was, with the richer plantations in the
valleys. From the mountains of Pennsylvania, Virginia, Tennessee and
the Carolinas their offspring became largely the pioneers of the now
mighty middle and western States.
There are few leaders in Church, State and Commerce who do not
boast some strain of this rich revolutionary Scotch-Irish blood. It is a
strange fact in contrast to note that those who have remained in these
mountain homes have absolutely stood still during the last 116 years.
They are now just where they were in 1784. In no part of the earth
has the spirit of the nineteenth century so little penetrated. It is an
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118 ONTABIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
historical fact, that in the reyolationary struggle the Virginia and North
Carolina militia (boasted chivalry) threw down their arms and fled
precipitously at the first fire of the British regulars. The South was
subdued. A majority of the people of New York State had voted to
remain in allegiance to England. Georgia was on the point of formally
re-entering the British fold. At thb critical juncture eight hundred
Sootch-Irish came down from the mountains and attacked the strongly
placed British force at King's Mountain. They marched up the moun-
tain side, slipping from rock to rock and from tree to tree, always
advancing, never wavering, and pouring a deadly fire all the while into
the astonbhed regulars until the latter suffered a crushing defeat These
valorous men turned again to their homes. The British prestige was^
broken. General Greene reconquered the South. Yorktown was the sequel
Canadians of thb day may well be proud of these achievements.
Were not these mountaineers the fathers and brothers of the same race,
language and blood as the Loyalists ? The Tennesseeans, whose deadly
aim to-day trails the jungles of the Philippines with the yellow man'a
blood, are the worthy descendcmts of the heroes of one hundred years
ago. In the late Civil war the valor of this ancient race prevailed. It
has been truly boasted that the Canadian militia never turned its back
to a foe. The Americans are doing tardy justice to the Loyalists. The
candor of an article, " Some Neglected Phases of the Revolution," in the
Atlantic Monthly ^ August, 1898, is praiseworthy.
The ancestors of these Presbyterian pioneers sought liberty of
conscience and freedom from the cruel persecutions of Claverhouse, in
new homes in the north of Ireland. Within a few years forty thousand
of them were massacred by their neighbors — previously evicted
from their Ulster estates. Upon them in turn Cromwell worked due
vengeance. The Scotch -Irish found themselves between two fires — the
Established Protestant Church and the Catholic Church. By tiie heroic
defence of 'Derry they had made it possible for William and Mary to
occupy the throne of Britain. These services were so far forgotteo,.
that in 1702, under Queen Ann, Presbyterians were debarred from
holding public offices and from teaching school.
It was then that they looked to America for release. The first
Presbyterian church was built in Philadelphia about 1707. (See Clyde's
''Scotch in Philadelphia.") William Temple, before 1717, settled in
Massachusetts. His reports were so favorable that in 1717 217 Sootch-
Irish of Londonderry County petitioned Governor Shute of Massachu-
setts for lands and privileges, and sent this over the seas by the Rev»
Wm. Boyde. It is noteworthy as to the education of these people, that
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SOME PEKSBTTIRIAN U. S. LOYALISTS. 119
nearly all sign their names to this petition, there not being over a half-
dozen marksmen.
In 1718, five shiploads set their faeee westward toward their Canaan,
looking their last npon the nearer green field of Ireland, to them a
wilderness of strife and bloodshed and persecution. Still farther east-
ward their last long look rested pathetieally upon the dim outlines of
old Scotland, claimed still as their native land, where slept t^e remains
of long lines of brave, free and noble ancestors. This tide of immigra-
tion increased for years. It is estimated that as high as 250,000 Scotch-
Irish settled in America prior to 1760.
There lingered in the bosoms of these pilgrims an intense hatred of
England. This spirit was shown in an almost unanimous adherence to
Washington in the revolution. It continued many years, blazing forth
in the bitterness shown by Andrew Jackson (Old Hickory), Henry Clay,
and a host of great Americans. It is wrong to suppose that the Catholic
Irish embodied all of this hatred. Happily in our day this spirit has
spent its force. Now the unity of Britain and America, if not a reality
in treaty, is in the hearts of the people.
Our five good ships, Sunday, August 4th, 1718, entered Boston
harbor. Heartfelt thanks were offered after the Presbyterian form of
worship. Owing to reports of good land in Maine one ship sailed north,
and entered a harbor, now Portland. Here it was frozen in. Having
little provisions on board, and the inhabitants on shore none to spare,
their sufferings from cold and hunger were intense. Fortunately they
all survived. On landing in the spring they found expression for their
gratitude in the 157 Psalm. The lands about Portland did not suit
them. The ship sailed south and entered the Merrimac River. Here
they heard of a splendid tract of land beyond Haverhill, twelve miles
by twelve, called Nutfields, from the quantities of beech, chestnuts, wal-
nuts and butternuts found on ii Sixteen families at once went hither.
They bought the land, paying the Indians, and being careful to get a deed.
Their names were as follows : James McKee (the first magistrate), John
Bamett, Archibald Clendenin (the writer's ancestor removed six genera-
tions), John Mitchell, Allen Anderson, Randall Alexander, Capt. James
Qregg, James Clark, James Nesmith, James Anderson, James Sterritt,
Robert Weir, John Morrison, Samuel Allison, Thomas Steele and John
Stuart These were mostly men in middle life, robust, persevering and
adventurous. They lived to see their descendants comfortably settled
around them, and the forest converted into fertile fields. Thirteen
lived to average seventy-nine years, six reached ninety, and two-
beyond this. John Morrison attained the great age of ninety-seven.
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120 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
April 11th, 1719, they held divine worship under a spreading tree,
the text being Isaiah 37 : 2. Here they reared the first Presbyterian
church in New England, and called the town Londonderry. Tbeb
snccess attracted others who came over in the same fleet In three
months there were eighty families. In two years the church member-
ship was 260, and in fifteen years 700. Each settler received a grant of
about 594 acres. Archibald Clendenin's lay at the foot of Senter HilL
Five successive generations occupied it It is now called " The Shields'
Farm." The first son, William, married Hannah Morrieon, daughter of
Charter John Morrison. Their daughter, Mrs. Mary Clendenin Steele,
was living near by in 1880, aged ninety-twa
She is described as a mother in Israel who always took a warm
interest in her friends and relatives in their widely separated lives. She
said : " I remember my grandmother, Hannah Morrison Clendenin, welL
She was active and vigorous for an old lady. She died in 1801, when I
was thirteen years old. I attended her funeral, at which two of her
brothers, Joseph and Morrison, were present, though very feeble.
She was the only living person who knew and conversed with three of
the sixteen original settlers of Londonderry, now called Derry, N.H."
These settlers came mostly from the parish of Aghadowey, County
Londonderry, Ireland. Their pastor, the Rev. Jas. McGregor, came with
them. His installation sermon, on the opening of the new church, preached
from Ezekiel 37 : 26, is still preserved. He continued their pastor until
his death, at a great age. During the French and Indian wars they were
never attacked. This is said to be due to the fact* that the Marquis de
Vaudreuil, Governor of Canada, and the Rev. Mr. McGregor were class-
mates at college and kept up a correspondence. Tradition says that the
Governor told the priests to teach the Indians that these settlers were not
English, and that their scalps would not be paid for, and that the Indians
molesting them would be eternally lost. Thus were these staunch Protes-
tants beholden for life and prosperity in the new world to a Catholic
Governor. Some of them were at the defence of 'Derry, as shown by the
omission of their names from the tax lists, as provided by Imperial statute
in this behalf.
Rev. Jas. McGregor gave as their reasons for leaving Ireland : (1) To
avoid oppression ; (2) to shun persecution ; (3) to withdraw from the com-
munion of idolaters ; (4) to have an opportunity to worship God accord-
ing to the dictates of conscience and the rules of the inspired Word.
He wrote to Governor Shute : " We are surprised to hear ourselves called
Iri.sh people when we so frequently ventured our all for the British
Crown and liberties against the Irish, and gave all tests of our loyalty,
and are always ready to do the same if required."
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SOME PRESBYTERIAN U. E. LOYALISTS. 121
They enjoyed a grand period of peace and prosperity from 1719 to
1776. The town and church records show great growth in material,
educational and religions institutions. The clouds, however, had been
gathering. The storm at length burst The American party defeated
Colonel Holland, the representative in the Legislature, electing Matthew
Thornton, who was afterward one of the signers of the Declaration of
Independence. Suspected of loyalty to the King, Colonel Holland was
thrown into prison. Here he languished for months without indictment
or trial. The following spirited and strongly worded protest shows the
names of the Loyalist ancestors of thousands of Canadians. It shows
that then, as now, it was the spirit of true civil liberty that inspired
them.
" To the HcmoraUe the Committee of Safety for the State of New
Hampshire :
" The undersigned inhabitants and freeholders of the town of Lon-
donderry humbly show that the distressed situation of our neighbor,
Col. Stephen Holland, a person naturally of a slender constitution, now
greatly impaired by his long confinement (in a loathsome jail replete with
the noxious odors of an infectious vault) under which we conceive that
nothing but a conscious innocence and the expectation of an honorable
delivery by the impartial verdict of his country could have supported
him, induces us to interest ourselves in his behalf ; that as the Superior
Court of Judicature at which he expected to have his trial next week is,
as we learn, to be adjourned to the 21 st day of October next, we appre-
hend that before that time, unless he is speedily relieved by an altera-
tion in diet, fresh air and exercise, his strength, already almost exhausted,
will totally fail him, and the State, by his dissolution, be prevented of
that inquiry into his conduct which justice to it and to him demands.
That as the inflicting punishment upon any person for a supposed offence
is incompatible with justice and the principles of free government, so
we conceive it to be far from your Honors' intention with regard to him,
but would humbly submit to your candid consideration whether such a
tedious confinement as he has undergone is not of itself a punishment,
especially if in this State a person supposed guilty of the offence he is
accused of was ever not bailable ; wherefore, we humbly pray your hon-
ors, in your great humanity, to commiserate his condition, and admit
him to bail upon such security as in your wisdom you may deem ade-
quate, and as in duty bound we shall ever pray.
"Londonderry, Aug. 27th, 1777.
" James Cochrane, Alex. Lesley, Andrew Smith, Dinis Haley, Thos.
Smith, John Stinson, Nathan Stinson, John Clark, Sam'l Clark, William
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122 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Cox, Qeoiife Cochrane, Cbas. Cox, Jas. Crombie, John Crombie, Saml
Campbell, Abraham Morrison, Mathew Beid, Rich. Emerscm, Joseph
Morrison, Robt Ciendenin, James Clendenin, Abraham Beid, Eliaha
Woodbary, John Morrow, Benj. Davis, Sam'l Saunders, Joefrey Donohoe,
Thos. Jamieson, Hugh Kally, Peter Kalley, Thos. Mitchell, John Bied,
Sam'l Morrison, John Morrison, Joseph Morrison, jr., Charles Sarg^Eit,
Samnel Sargent, John Stnart, Thomas Humphry, Wm. Humphry,
Thos. Willison, John Cochrane, Jas. Thomson, Thos. Creige, Bobt Bamett
Sam'l Allison, Andrew Allison, Jesse Anis, Bradley Mitchell, Johnathan
Cochrane, Peter Peterson, Simon Williams (Minister of the Gospel of
Peace), Isaac Thom, Alex. Simpson, Wm. Simpson, John Simpson, John
Kerr, Robt. Kelley."
Many of the above took the decisive step and became refugee loyal-
ists, enlisting in Butler's Bangers and other oorpa Their names can be
found on the U. K Loyalist Bolls. Colonel Holland was released on baU,
but took refuge within the British lines. In 1782 Qen. Sullivan arranged
that Mrs. Holland should proceed from New York to Londonderry to
visit her children still there. In consideration of this the British had
released to Qeneral Sullivan a valued American officer. The New Hamp-
shire Assembly revoked the permission, stating that the presence of Mrs.
Holland at Londonderry would open communication between the British
in New York and the Loyalists at Londonderry. Qeneral Sullivan wrote
the Assembly a scathing letter, characterizing their conduct as contrary to
the usages of civilized nations. The writer will be^pleased to follow this
subject as to any person mentioned above on receiving inquiries from
interested descendants. These early records will certainly interest all
Canadiana
Chicago, Feb'y, 1899.
Beference to authorities: "New Hampshire Town and Colonial
Becords," Vols. I to XIII ; " New Hampshire Historical Soc'y CoU'n,'^
Vol. y, fol. 206; FarmefTii Monthly, Vol. XII (rare); "History of Lon-
donderry, N.H.," by the Bev. Ed. L. Parker, 1861; "Account of 150th
Anniversary of Settlement of Old Nutfields, comprising towns of London-
derry, Derry, Windham and parts of Manchester, Hudson and Salem,
N.H.," by Bobt. C. Mack, 1870; "Senator H. C. Lodge's Story of the
Bevolutipn," Scribner, 1898; "History of the Morrison Family," by
L. A. Morrison," 1880 ; "Account of Clendenin (Qlendenyn) Families,"
, 1898; "Some Neglected Aspects of the Bevolutionary War,"^
AUarUic Monthly, August, 1898, by C. E. Adams.
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THE MIGRATION OF YOTAGKUBS FROM DRUMMOKD ISLAND. 1S3
THE MIGRATION OF VOYAOEURS FHO^ DRUMMOND ISLAND
TO PENETANGUISHENE IN 1828.
BT A. G. OSBORNI.
[The stoiy of Uie transfer of the British gairiaon from Drummond Island to
Pdnetangoiabene in 1828 and the migration of wyageurt connected with the post
has never been told in print. In the following notes Mr. Osborne has endeavored to
gather this story from the lips of the few survivors who migrated at that time.
Descendants of French-Canadians largely predominated in this movement, but we
also get glimpses of what a strange and heterogeneous people once gathered around
Mackinaw and Drummond Island, especially about the time of the coalition of the
two fur companies in 1821. The migrant voyagerin settled principally near Penetan-
gniahene, in the township of Tiny, Simcoe County. O&hoots of the band settled at
Old Fort Ste. Marie, at Fesserton and Coldwater, and another south of Lake Simcoe,
near Pefferlaw, York County. These notes will form a useful supplement to Joseph
Taase's '' Les Canadiens de TOuest." They are intended as a chapter in a larger
work that will deal with the history of Penetanguishene and vicinity — a work that
Mr. Osborne hopes to complete at an early date.]
The Briiiab military post at Michilimackioac was transferred to the
United States in 1796 by mutual agreement, and the forces stationed
there retired to St. Joseph Island, where a fort and blockhouse were
erected. From this latter post, at a subsequent period, issued that famous
volunteer contingent of one hundred and sixty Canadian voyageura,
accompanied by a few (30) British regulars with two field pieces, under
Captain Roberts,* who effected the recapture of Mackinaw for the British.
This occurred on the 16th of July, 1812, the first year of the war. In a
subsequent attack by the Americans to recover the post the Canadian
vayageurs gallantly assisted in its defence. Mackinaw was again restored
to the United States according to treaty stipulations in 1815, when the
British garrison found refuge on Drummond Island, in proximity to the
former post of St. Joseph. The Canadian voyageurs still preferring to
follow the fortunes of the British flag, with one or two exceptions,
removed with the forces to Drummond Island. On the completion of
the treaty surveys, Drummond Island proved to be in United States
territory. Thereupon the British forces, under Lieut Carson, com-
manding a detachment of the 68th Regiment, withdrew to the naval
* This liero of Mackinaw in 1812 waa an onole of Field- Marshall Roberts, who con-
ducted the recent campaign in South Africa.
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124 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
ataiion at Penetaogaishene, which event oceorred on the 4th of November,
1828. C Canadian Archives/' 1898, p. 653.)
Mr. Keating was fort adjutant at the island ; John Smith,* eommis-
sariat issuer ; Sergeant Santlaw Rawson, barraekmaster, and William
Solomon, Indian interpreter to the Government It fell to the lot of
Sergeant Rawson to haul down the British flag. After performing tiiis
somewhat disagreeable duty, he remembers Lieut Carson handing over
the keys to the U. S. officers, when they shook hands all round in the
most cordial manner. Sergeant Rawson accompanied the troops to
Penetanguishene, and afterwards moved to Oro township, where he died
in 1843 at the age of ninety-six. (These personal reminiscences were
gathered from his son, Wm. Rawson, who was bom on Drummond
Island, and who died recently in Coldwater at an advanced age.)
The Government employed the brig WeUingUm and a schooner named
HixckM {Alic€\ commanded by the owner, Capt Hackett, for the pur-
pose of conveying the troops, military stores and Indian supplies to the
new post The schooner, with its cargo, was wrecked on Fitzwilliam
(Horse) Island, in Lake Huron, on its way down, but the brig reached
its destination in safety.
The voyagev/rs on the island, some seventy-five families, soon fol-
lowed the garrison, moving to the neighborhood of the new post at
Penetanguishene, the majority during the same and following years. In
the wise provision of a paternal government they were granted, in lieu
of their abandoned homes, liberal allotments of lands on the borders of
Penetangubhene Bay. Here they settled on twenly-acre and forty-acre
lots, of which they became the original owners and patentees from the
Crown in what are known as the Town and OrdncLnce Surveys.
These hardy voyageura or half-breeds are the descendants of French-
Canadians, bom principally in Quebec, many of whom were British
soldiers, or came up with the North-West Company, and who married
Indian women, their progeny also becoming British soldiers or attcu^
of the fur company in various capacities. Their fervent loyalty to the
British Government is simple-hearted, genuine, unobtrusive and prac-
tical. Some of the original voyageurs belonged to the Yoltigeurs and
had seen active service. Some were the proud recipients of medals,
still treasured by their descendants, and gained for bravery at Platts-
burgh and on other historic battlefields, and some carried wounds received
while gallantly upholding British supremacy. They were in the front
of battle during the stirring scenes at Mackinaw, St Joseph Island, Sault
• A Narrative from the lips of John Smith (recorded by Rev. George Hallen) may be
found in Rev. Dr. Soadding's " Toronto of Old," p. 501.
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THE MIGRATION OF VOTAaSURS FROM DRUMMOXD ISLAND. 125
Ste. Marie and other sanguinary points during the war of 1812-15.
This is a testimony more eloquent than words to the loyalty and worth
of the ancestors of the settlers around Penetanguishene.
The military posts became centres towards which they naturally
gravitated, hence Drummond Island became the nucleus of voyageura
from Mackinaw and the numerous posts in the west The removal of
the British troops to Penetanguishene became the subject of official
correspondence by Lord Dalhousie as early as 1822.
Several residents of Drummond Island appe6ir to have taken time
by the forelock. A Scotch trader named Gordon from Drummond
Island made, in 1825, the first permanent settlement at Penetcmguishene,
on the east side of the harbor, just beyond Barracks Point, and called it
the ''Place of Penetangoushene." It subsequently became known as
(Gordon's Point. Rounding Pinery Point to the right of the incoming
voyager is the " Place of the White Rolling Sand," which gives to the
picturesque bay within its romantic name. On the opposite shore is
Gordon's Point, to the left and almost straight ahead. Gordon's first
wife was a daughter of Mra Agnes Landry, a French-Ojibway woman,
who was born on Drummond Island, and who accompanied the
daughter's family to their wilderness home. At a later date he formed
the nucleus of the future town, building the first house, which still
stands, and is occupied by his descendants, the Misses Gordon. His
second wife was a daughter of Charles Langlade. Gordon died in 1852,
aged 65 years.
Other voyageura are known to have been at Penetanguishene as
early as 1816, but only as transient traders. Mrs. Gordon and her
mother, Widow Landry, whose remains now rest near the ruins of the
old Gordon homestead, are therefore fairiy entitled to rank as the
pioneers of the voyageura from Drummond Island to Penetanguishene.
Their marriage customs were necessarily of the most primitive
character, simply a mutual agreement, and, usually, one or two
witnesses. A priest or missionary at those distant posts was a rare
sight in the early days. Fidelity, however, was a marked characteristic
among them, only two or three exceptions having been so far discovered
in the history of this people, and they invariably took advantage of the
first opportunity to have a proper marriage ceremony performed. This
also explains the apparent anomaly of numerous couples, with large
families, being married after their arrival at Penetanguishene, notably
on the visit of Bishop McDonnell there in 1832.
Nameless graves are scattered here and there, showing the last
resting-places of many of these pioneers. Seven are at Gordon's Point,
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126 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
some of which are known. Six graves occapy a spot near the old
cricket ground at St Andrew's Lake, only two of which are identified,
while the numbers that sleep on the hillside near the Ontario Reforma-
tory are not known. Seven lie on the Qidley farm — foar out of one
family. Six are on the Mitchell homestead, two on the Copeland estate,
and one at the Tiny Cross-roads, besides many elsewhere, the records or
memory of which are entirely lost Mrs. Sicard's remains were the first
deposited in St Anne's churchyard (R C), where, and at Lafontaine,
most of the future interments were made.
Their descendants retain many of the characteristics of the early
voyageurs, taking naturally to hunting, fishing, guiding tourists and
campers and kindred adventure, though gradually drifting into other
and more permanent occupations.
Six of the more interesting personal narratives are here presented,
almost, or as nearly as possible, in their own words, beginning with
that of Lewis Solomon :
LOUIE SOLOMON.
Lewis Solomon was the youngest son of William Solomon,* who
was born in the dosing years of the last century, of Jewish and Indian
extraction. This Wm. Solomon lived for a time in Montreal, but entered
the service of the North- West Company and drifted to the '^ Sault " and
Mackinaw. Having become expert in the use of the Lidian tongue, he
was engaged by the British Qovemment as Indian interpreter at the
latter post during the War of 1812. During his sojourn at Mackinaw,
he married a half-breed woman named Miss Johnston,^- the union
resulting in a family of ten children, of whom, at the first writing
of these notes, Lewis was the sole survivor, but joined the majority
March 9th, 1900. Lewis very humorously claimed that in his person
no less than five nationalities are represented, though he fails to tell
us how. As the Indian nature appeared to predominate, and since
his father was partly German, his mother must have been of very
mixed nationality. When the British forces were transferred to Drum-
mond Island, Interpreter Solomon and his family accompanied them
* Ezekiel Solomon, the gruidfather of Lewis, was a civilian trader at Miohilimackinac
when the massacre of June 4th, 1763, took place. (See Alex. Henry's Journal,) He was
taken prisoner, but was reecaed by Ottawa Indians, and later on was ransomed at Mootraal.
tShe was a daughter of John Johnston, whose *< Account of Lake Superior, 1792-1807,"
may be found in Masson's '* Bourgeois " (VoL II). Henry R. Schoolcraft, the noted
scholar of the Indian tribes, and Rev. Mr. McMurray also married daughters of Mr.
Johnston ; and both of these gentlemen were accordingly uncles, by marriage, of our
narrator, Louie Solomon.
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A GROUP OF VOYAGEURS.
(Fnm photo, taken in 189S.)
1. Lewis Solomon, born on Dninunond Island, ISSl ; died at Tictoria Harbor, Ont., March,
10Oa 2. John Bossette, horn in the Boclcy Mountains (near CalftanrX 182S. S. James
Larammee, bom on Drummond Island, 18S6. 4. Francis Ihisome, bom at Fort Oany,
Bed Rirer, 1880.
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THE MIORATIOK OP TOTAOEUBS FBOM DRUMMOND ISLAND. 127
thither; and later, when it was dedded that Dnimmood Island was in
U.S. territory, he followed the British forces to Penetangiiish«ie in 1828,
where he snbeeqneiitiy died, and where he and his wife and the majority
of his family lie boried. It was the fond hope of the family that Louie
would saeoeed his father in the Qovemment service as Indian interpreter.
In pursoance of tins plan, his father sent him to a Frendi school at
L'Assomption ;* to the Indian schools at Coboorg and Cornwall ; also,
for a term, to the Detroit * Academy"; so that Looie became possessed
of a tolerably fair edocation, and was regarded by his compatriot
half-breeds and French-Canadians as exceedingly clever and a man of
superior attainmenta Though his memory appears almost intact, the
reader may find in his narrative a little disregard for the correct sequence
of events, and a tendency to get occnrrences mixed, which is not sur-
prising when the length of time is considered. As Looie's ccnnmand of
English is somewhat above the average of that of his fellow vojfageur$,
he is permitted to present his narrative, with few exceptions, in his own
words.
His Narrative.
My name is Lewis Solomon — spelled L-e-w-i-s — though they call me
Lovde, I was bom on Drummond Island in 1821, moved to St Joseph
Island in 1825, back to Drummond Island again, and then to Pene-
tanguishene in 1829. My father's name was William Solomon, Govern-
ment interpreter. His father, Ezekiel Solomon, was bom in the city of
Berlin, Germany, came to Montreal and went up to the " Sault" My
father was appointed Indian interpreter by the British Government and
was at Mackinaw during the War of 1812, then moved to Drummond
Island with the British forces, and afterwards to Penetanguishene. My
mother's maiden name was Johnston, bom in Mackinaw, where she and
my father were married. She died in Penetanguishene. My father
received his discharge under Sir John Colbome, retiring on a pension of
seventy-five cents a day after a continued service of fifty-six years with
the Government, and he died at Penetanguishene also.
When the military forces removed f mm Dmmmond IsUnd to Pene-
tanguishene, the Government authorities chartered the brig Wellington
to carry the soldiers, military and naval supplies, and government stores ;
but the vessel was too small, and they were obliged to charter another
vessel, and my father was instructed by the Government to charter the
schooner Hackett {Alice) commanded by the owner, Capt Hackett.
* Probably Aatomption College, or the tobool which was ite prototype, at Sandwich,
Ont., rather than a tchool at L'Assomption, Que.
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128 ONTARIO HISTOBICAL SOCIETY.
On her were placed a detachment of soldiers, some military supplies,
and the private property of my father, consisting of two span of horaei,
four cows, twelve sheep, eight hogs, harness and hoosehold f omitnre. A
French-Canadian named Lepine, his wife and child, a tavern-keeper
named Fraser, with thirteen barrels of whiskey, also formed pari of the
cargo. The captain and his crew and many of the soldiers became
intoxicated, and during the following night a storm arose, daring whidi
the vessel was driven on a rock known as " Horse Island " (FitzwilliamX
near the sonthemmost point of Manitoolin Island. The passengers and
crew, in a somewhat advanced stage of dronkenness, managed to reach
the shore in safety ; also one horse, some pork, and the thirteen barrels
of whiskey, thoogh the whole company were too mnch intoxicated to
entertain an intelligent idea of the operation, bat were sofficiently con-
scions of what they were doing to secare the entire consignment of
whiskey. The woman and her infant were left on the wreck, as her
hnsband, Pierre Lepine, was on shore drunk among the others, too oblivi-
ons to realize the gravity of the sitaation, or to render any a88i8tanc&
Mrs. Lepine, in the darkness and fory of the storm, wrapped the babe in
a blanket, and having tied it on her back, lashed herself seenrely to the
mast, and there dang all night long throogh a f arioos storm of wind and
drenching rain, from eleven o'clock till daylight, or about six o'clock in
the morning, when the maudlin crew, having recovered in a measure
from their drunken stupor, rescued her from her perilous positicm in a
yawl boat. Such an experience on the waters of Lake Huron, in the
month of November, must have certainly bordered on the tragical. The
vessel and the remainder of the cargo proved a total loss. The lurching
of the schooner from side to side pitched the big cannon down the hatch-
way, going clear through the bottom, thus, together with pounding on
the rocks, completing the wreck. The horse, a fine carriage roadster,
remained on the island for several years. My father offered a good price
to any one who would bring him away, but he never got him back, and
he finally died on the island. This circumstance gave it the name of
Horse Island. The infant lived to grow up and marry among the later
settlers, but I do not remember to whom, neither do I know what became
of her. Fraser, who owned the whiskey, started a tavern in Penetan-
guishene, near the Qarrison cricket ground, where the old mail-carrier,
Francis Dusseaume* afterwards lived Slight traces of the building are
still to be seen. My father came to Penetanguishene in another vessel
with the officers and soldiers. The rest of the family left Drumm<Mid
* The variations in the spelling of this name are legion. Here are a few of them :
Deshommes, Diuonie, Deschamps, and Jussome.
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THE MIGRATION OF TOYAGEUBS FROM DRUMMOND ISLAND. 129
Island the next spring (1829). We started on the 25th of June and
arrived at Penetanguishene on the 13th of July, coming in a bateau
around by the north shore, and camping every night on the way.
My mother, brother Henry and his wife and eight children, myself,
Joseph Gomeau and his wife, and two men hired to assist (Francis Gerair,
a French-Canadian, and Gow-bow, an Indian), all came in one bateau.
We camped one night at the Hudson's Bay Company's fort at Killamey.
We landed at the Barrack's Point, near the site of the garrison, and
where the officers' quarters were erected, now occupied as a residence by
Mr. Band, the Bursar of the Reformatory. We camped there in huts
made of poles covered with cedar bark« There were only three
houses there : a block-house, the quarters of Capt. Woodin, thei pobt-
commander ; a log-house covered with cedar bark for the sailors near
the shore ; and a log-house on the hill, called the *' Masonic Arms," a
place of entertainment kept by Mrs. Johnson.*
The town site of Penetanguishene was then mostly a cedar swamp,
with a few Indian wigwams and fishing shanties. Beausoleil Island (Prince
William Henry Island) was formerly called Si Ignace by the French.
A French-Canadian, named Beausoleil, from Drummond Island, settled
there in 1819, and it was named afterwards from him. He died at Beau-
soleil Point, near Penetanguishene. We lived next neighbor to Post-
Sergeant Bawson, who hauled down the British Bag at the garrison
when the Government delivered Drummond Island to the Americana
His son William afterwards lived in Coldwater. M. Revolte (Revol), a
trader from Drummond Island, built the first house in Penetanguishene,
on the lot in front of where the late Alfred Thompson's residence now
stands, and afterwards occupied by Rev. Father Proulx. Gordon, a trader
from Drummond Island, built the next on the lot beside it, afterwards
occupied by Trudell, who married Miss Kennedy. The house is still
standing and occupied by the Misses Gordon, daughters of the original
Oordon who settled at Gordon's Point. (Louie's account does not coin-
cide with that of the Misses Gordon, who say their father came several
years previous to M. Bevol and built first, removing from Gordon's Point,
just east of the Barrack's Point, where he settled in 1825, while the
house was still unfinished. During this period Revol built his residence.)
Dr. Mitchell, father of Andrew Mitchell, built the next house on the
lower comer of the lot, where the Mitchell homestead now stands. It
was burned some years ago.
*This is the famous hostelry where Sir John Franklin was entertained in 1825 on his
way north, John Qalt in 1827, as also the Duke of Richmond, Lord Sydenham, Lord Lennev,
Lord Morpeth, Lord Prudhomme, Capt. John Ross, R.N., Sir Henry Hartc, and several
other men of note.
9
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130 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
William Sinopson married a sqnaw who had a small store in
Drummond Island. Like the rest of the fur-trading dass, he, in those
days, was given to wandering about the coontry. He lived among the
Drummond Islanders in various capacities, at one time with my father.
One day my mother hinted to him that he might marry the squaw with
the litUe store, and he would then have a home. "* Will you speak to
her for me ? " said bashful young Simpson. My mother said she wonld,
and found it would be quite agreeable, and they were married. This is the
way Mr. Simpson got his start in life, and he afterward became a shrewd
business man and a rich merchant.* They came to Penetanguishene
and started a small store. His wife died soon after, and he then married
a sister of Joseph Craddock, of Coldwater. His first wife is buried
behind the old store, originally log, but now dapboarded and owned by
Mr. Davidson. Mr. Simpson built about the same time as Dr. Mitchell,
and on the opposite corner eastward.
Andrew Mitcheirs wife was a daughter of Captain Hamilton, of
North River. Andrew retired one night in usual health and died
suddenly during the night His widow married his derk, James Darling
(afterwards Captain Darling). lieutenant Carson was in command of
the 68th Regiment when the forces moved from Drummond Island to
Penetanguishene. Sergeant Rawson was barrackmaster, and Mr.
Keating was fort adjutant. Lieutenant Ingall of the 15th R^raent,
also from Drummond Island, died in Penetanguishene. Mr. Bell, barrack-
master at Drummond Island and Penetanguishene, died at the latter post
His son married a sister of Charles Ermatinger of the North- West Fur
Company, who built the stone mansion f at the "* Sault"
George Gordon, a Scotch trader from Drummond Island, married a
half-breed, settled at (Gordon's Point, a little east of the Barrack's Point
Squire McDonald of the North- West Company bought from my father
the farm where Squire Samuel Fraser now lives. He often called at
Drummond Island on business of the company, and came to Penetan-
guishene with the soldiers. Fathers Crevier and Baudin were the only
priests who visited Drummond Island in my recollection There was
another interpreter named Goroitte, a clerk at Drummond Island, who
issued marriage licenses. Hippolyte Brissette and Colbert Amyot went
with the North-W^est Company to Red River, Fort Garry and across the
Rocky Mountains to Vancouver. Hippolyte was tatooed from head to
* William Simpeon represeoted the townships of Tiny and Tay in the Home District
Covncil at Toronto for the year 1842.
fThis mansion was built about the time of Lord Selkirk's visit to Canada in 1816-18.
It is still standing, and has many interesting family associations.
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THE MIGRATION OF YOTAGKUBS FROM DRUMMOND ISLAND. 131
foot with all sorts of carious figores, aDd married an Indian woman of
the Cree tribe. She was rather dever, and superior to the ordinary
Indian women. Francis Dosseanme was also in the North-West
Company at Bed River, and married a woman of the Wild Rice Tribe.
H. Brissette, Samuel Solomon and William Cowan were all with Captain
Bayfield in the old Recovery during his survey of the thirty thousand
Islands of the Georgian Bay in 1822-25. William Cowan was a half-
breed, whose grandfather, a Scotch trader and interpreter, settled at the
^ Chimnies," nearly opposite Waubaushene, in the latter part of last
century. This man was drowned near Kingston.*
Hippolyte Brissette was 102 years old when he died. The first St
Ann s (R.C.) church was built of logs about the time we came here. It
was afterwards torn away and rebuilt of frame, which again was
replaced by the present memorial church of stone. I remember Bishop
McDonnell's visit to Penetanguishene about 18S2. Black Hugh
McDonnell, as he was called, was related to the Bishop. The late Alfred
Thompson was clerk for Andrew Mitchell, who, with his father. Dr.
Mitchell, came from Drummond Island about the time the soldiers came.
Highland Point (now Davidson's Point), was called Lavallee's Point;
the next point east was called Trudeaux Point, after the blacksmith ; the
next point east, now called *' Wait a Bit, ' was named Oiroux Point, form-
•erly called Beausoleil Point; next was Mischeau's Point; next, Corbiere's
Point — all named after Drummond Islanders. Louis Lacerte, Joseph
Messier, Prisque Legris, Jean Baptiste Legris, Jean Baptiste LeGarde,
Pierre LaPlante, all settled on park lots, now known as the JefTery or
Mitchell farm, and all came from Drummond Island. Louis Deschf neaux
settled on a farm and built the first house at Lafontaine, still standing.
Joseph Messier built the next H. Fortin, Thibault, Quebec, Rondeau
and St. Amand, all French-Canadians from Red River and Drummond
Island, settled at the old fort on the Wye. Champagne, the carpenter,
settled on the lot now owned by Mr. McDonald. John Sylvestre, my
brother-in-law, had the contract for building the Indian houses on
Beausoleil Island, at the first village. Captain Borland built the others.
He was Captain of the Penetangui8h£7ie, the first steamer that was built
in Penetanguishene. It ran between there and Coldwater. Louis
George Labatte, blacksmith, came from Drummond Island after we did.
He and his family left Penetanguishene in a bateau to go toward Owen
Sound. They were towed by the steamer Penetanguishene with two
* This probably refers to the interpreter Cowan, who was lost in the schooner Speedy
near Brighton, in 1S06. It was at his place, the " Chimneys," where Governor Simooo
stayed on his way to visit Penetanguishene Harbor in 1793.
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132 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
ropes. A storm came on and one of the ropes broke. His nephew Uxk
the rope in his month and crawled ont on the other rope and hitehed it
again. It broke the second time and the storm drove them into Thunder
Bay (Tiny), where they settled ; descendants are still living ihext.
Prisqne Legris shot a deserter on Drummond Island, and fell and broke
his neck while building a stable for Adjntant Keating in Penetangnishene.
People thought that it was sent as a punishment to him. Three French-
Canadians — Beaudry, Vasseur and Martin — started for French River and
camped over night with an Indian at Pinery Point They got the Indian
drunk, and Vasseur attempted to assault the squaw. Next morning as
they started the squaw told her husband. The Indian came down to
the shore and shot Vasseur. He was taken to the house of Fagan,
Commissary's derk at the garrison, where he died in three days.
Once I took a Jesuit priest to Beausoleil Island to look for a
Eucharist said to be buried Uiere, with French and Spanish silver ccios,
guns, axes, etc. The spot, he said, was marked by a stone two feet long
with a Latin inscription on it The priest had a map or drawing show-
ing where the stone ought to be, and where to dig, but we found noth-
ing. I knew the hemlock tree and the spot where it was said Father
Proulx found the pot of gold, and I saw the hole, but it was made by
Indians following up a mink's burrow. Peter Byrnes, of the *' Bay View
House," Penetangnishene, and a friend spent a day digging near an elm
tree not far from the same spot, near the old Fort on the Wye. Sergeant
James Maloney, of the militia, found two silver crosses on Vent's farm,
near Hogg River. Many pits have been dug on Beausoleil Island, Pres-
ent Island, Flat Point and other places in search of hidden treasures.
An Indian and myself once found a rock rich with gold near Moon
River. We marked the spot, but I never could find it on going back.
My chum would never go back with me, for he said, " Indian dies if he
shows white man treasure." I found red and black pipe-stone images at
Manitoulin, brought from the Mississippi River by the Indians. I was
once asked by Dr. Tachd to go with him to the supposed site of Ihona-
tiria, at Colbome Bay or North-West Basin, across Penetangnishene
Harbor, and J. B. Trudeaux also went I told him of the spot on the
creek where they would find relics. They spent some time in dicing
and found pieces of pottery, clay pipes, etc
Once I conducted the Earl of Northumberland through the Indian
trail from Colbome Bay (North-West Basin) to Thunder Bay and back
in one day, and we also had some time to spend in fishing. I got twenty-
five dollars for my services (Antoine Labatte says the distance by this
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THE MIGRATION OF VOrAGEUBS FROM DBUMMOND ISLAND. 133
trail was seven miles). I was the first man to pilot the steamer Duchess
of KaUocla to the " Sault" I got four dollars per day for this service.
She was bnilt at Owen Sound, I think. I also piloted the Sailor^s
Bride into Fort Severn, the first vessel that ever entered there. She was
loaded with lumber at Jenning's milL I was guide for Captain West and
David Mitchell (a young man from Montreal) to Manitoulin on snow-
shoes. I had three assistants — Aleck McKay, Pierre Laronde and Joseph
Leramonda, half-breeds. I received one hundred dollars for the trip.
Captain West was an extensive shipowner in England, on a visit to his
brother, CoL Osborne West, commandant of the 84th Regt stationed here.
I was guide for CoL W. H. Robinson, son of Chief-Justice Robinson, to
Manitoulin, also Bishop Strachah and his son, Capt. James Strachan, to
Manitoulin and the "Sault," and various other notables at different
times. I went with Captain Strachan for two summers to fish for salmon ;
also for three seasons to Baldoon, on the St. Clair flats, to shoot ducks. My
father once owned the land where Waubaushene now stands. Indians
always call it '' Baushene." The garrison once owned a big iron canoe,
curved up high at each end just like a birch-bark canoe. It was built
by Toussaint Boucher on the spot where Dr. Spohn's house now stands.
The pattern was cut out by an Indian named Taw-ga-wah-ne-gha. It
carried fourteen paddlers and six passengers, besides the usual attend-
ants, with provisions and supplies, and was about forty -five feet long. I
made several excursions up Lake Huron in it. It was rigged for sailing,
but was no good in a storm, as it cut through the waves and was in dan-
ger of filling, while the bark canoe bounded over them.
I remember Colonel Jar vis. Colonel Sparks, Captain Buchanan, Cap-
tain Freer, Captain Baker, Lord "Morfit"* (Morpeth), Lord Lennox,
Master George Headf (a boy about fourteen years of age), the son of Sir
*Lord Morpeth, the seventh Earl of Carlisle, made this trip in 1842. In a pamphlet,
a copy of which is preserved in the Toronto Public L brary, giving his *' Lecture on Travels
in America," delivered to the Leeds Mechanics' Institution and Literary Society, Dec. 6th,
1850, he says (p. 40) : '* I was one of a party which at that time went annually up the lake
to attend an encampment of many thousand Indians, and make a distribution of presents
among them. About sunset our flotilla of seven canoes, manned well by Indian and French-
C^uiadian crews, drew up, some of the rowers cheering the end of the day's work with
snatches of a Canadian boat-song. We disembarked on some rocky islet which, as probably
as not, had never felt the feet of man before ; in a few moments the utter solitude had
become a scene of bustle and business, carried on by the sudden population of some sixty
souIb." He then describes the camp scenes at greater length.
t As Mrs. Jameson says Master Head was one of the party with her in 1837, he was
probably not in this party with Lord Morpeth. It is likely the narrator's memory has
failed him in regard to the exact party which Master Head accompanied, and this is not
surprising, as Louie went with so many expeditions.
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134 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Francifl Bond Head, Mr. Lindsay and several (gentlemen, starting for a trip
to Manitoalin and the " Sault " accompanied by my father as interpreter,
myself and iifty-six French voyageure from Penetangnishene. Two of the
birch-bark canoes were about twenty feet long, while the iron canoe and
one bark canoe were of equal length.* Each canoe had its complement
of paddlers and passengers in addition to provisions and supplies. On
arriving at Manitoulin we held a grand " pow-wow " with the Indians
and distributed the annual presents, after which the party started for
the North Shore (having previously vi^tited the Hudson's Bay Co.'s post
at French River), Eillamey, and other points onward to the " Sauli"
While at the " Sault " Lord Morpeth, Lord Lennox and party stopped at
the big stone mansion built by Charles Ermatinger a long time aga
From the " Sault " we started for Detroit, calling at Drummond Island,
Mackinaw, Bay City, Saginaw, Sable River, Samia and other points on
the way. I was attendant on Lord Morpeth and Lord Lennox. I was
obliged to look after their tents, keep things in order and attend to their
calls. Each had a separate tent. My first salute in the morning would
be, *' Louie, are you there ? Bring me my cocktail " — soon to be followed
by the same call from each of the other tents in rotation, and my first
duty was always to prepare their morning bitters.
While camped near the Hudson's Bay post at French River Lord
Morpeth went in bathing and got beyond his depth and came near
drowning. I happened to pass near, and reached him just as he was
sinking for the last time, and got him to a safe place, but I was so
nearly exhausted myself that I could not get him' on shore. Mr. Jarvis
came to his lordship's assistance and helped him on to the rock. Lord
Morpeth expressed his gratitude to me and thanked me kindly, saying^
he would remember me. I thought I would get some office or title, but I
never heard anything further about it Mr. Jarvis afterwards got to be
colonel, and I suspect he got the reward that should have been mine by
merit.
On passing Samia we had a narrow escape from being shot at and
sunk to the bottom. It was dark as we got near, and the sentinel, Mr.
Barlow, demanded the countersign. Colonel Jarvis refused to answer
or allow any other person to do so. The guard gave the second and
third challenge, declaring, at the same time, that if we did not answer he
would be compelled to fire. Still Mr. Jarvis would not answer for some
* Louie's idea of dimensicmB is evidently astray. Competent authorities say the
** Iron Canoe " was about twenty-four feet in length, and capable of carrying twenty barrels
of flour ; as to birch-bark canoes, I have seen one that was said to have carried sixty men,
and was capable of carrying fifty barrels of flour.
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THE MIGRATION OF VOTAGEURS FROM DRUMMOND ISLAND. 135
unexplained reason, when my brother, Ezekiel, called out, contrary to
orders, and saved the party. Upon landing Mr. Jarvis was informed by
the sentinel that he had barely saved himself and the party from a
raking iire of grape-shot, and wanted to know what he meant by risking
the lives of the whole fleet of canoes, bat Mr. Jarvis made no reply.*
When we arrived at Detroit two of the birch-bark canoes were sent
back, and Lord Morpeth, Lord Lennox and myself boarded the steamer
for Buffido. There they took the train for New York, intending to sail
for England. They wanted me to go to England with them, bat I
refused. When Lord Morpeth asked me what he should pay me for my
attendance I said, " Whatever you like, I leave that to yourself." " Ha !
ha ! " said he, with a twinkle in his eye, " What if I choose to give you
nothing?" He gave me the handsome sum of two hundred dollars,
besides a present of teii dollars in change on the way down, which I was
keeping in trust for him. Lord Lennox sailed from New York ahead
of the others, and was never heard of after. The vessel was supposed to
have been lost, with all on board. I left them at Buffalo and went back
to Maiden, where I met my fellow vayageu/rs, and we came down Lake
Erie, making a portage at Long Point. We came up the Qrand River,
crossed to the Welland Canal and down to St. Catharines. We got two
waggons here and portaged the canoes down to Lake Ontario, as the
canal was too slow. We went round the head of the lake to Hamilton,
and so on to Toronto, where they gave us a grand reception. We left
the canoes in Toronto, and the " iron canoe " was brought up the next
year. It was hauled over the Yonge Street portage on rollers with
teams to Holland Landing and taken up Lake Simcoe to Orillia, through
Lake Couchiching, down the Severn River to Matchedash Bay, and home
to Penetanguishene.
Neddy McDonald, the old mail-carrier, sometimes went with us,
but he was not a good paddler, and we did not care to have him. It is
said that it fell to Neddy's lot, on the trip with Lady Jameson, to carry
her on his back from the canoe to the shore occasionsdly when a good
landing was not found As Mrs. Jameson was of goodly proportions, it
naturally became a source of irritation to Neddy, which he did not con-
ceal from his fellow voyagewrs, Mrs. Jameson had joined the party of
* Thit is in marked oontrast with the frankness of Lord Morpeth on another ocoasioD,
which Lome fails to relate, bat which was told by another of the voyagtwn. One day
while duck-shooting Lord Morpeth brought down a duck, at the same time peppering his
companions so that they bled profusely, Mr. Jarvis among the rest. In a stem voice,
manifesting a fair show of rage, Mr. Jarvis shouted, '* Lord Morpeth, what do you mean ?
Tou have shot the whole party !'* The reply came prompt, but frank, ** I don't care a
d n, I've killed the duck anyhow.'*
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13G ONTABUO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Colonel Jarvis at the Manitoulin Island. She was a rich lady from
England, well educated, and travelling for pleasure. She was an
agreeable woman, considerate of others and extremely kind-hearted. I
was a pretty fair singer in those days, and she often asked me to sing
those beautiful songs of the French voyageura, which she seemed to
think so nice, and I often sang them for her. Mrs. Jameson ran the
"Sault Rapids" in a birch-bark canoe, with two Chippewa Indian
guides. They named her Was-sa-je-wun-e-qua,* " Woman of the bright
stream."
I was attendant on Mrs. Jameson, and was obliged to sleep in her
tent, as a sort of protector, in a compartment separated by a hanging
screen. I was obliged to wait till she retired, and then crawl in quietly
without waking her. Mrs. Jameson gathered several human skulls at
Head Inland, above Nascoutiong, to take home with her. She kept
them till I persuaded her to throw them out, as I did not fancy their
company. When I parted with Mrs. Jameson and shook hands with her
I found four five dollar gold pieces in my hand.
We lived near the shore just past the Barrack's Point while my
father was in the Government service at Penetanguishene, and where
my mother died. After he retired we moved into town, near Mrs.
Columbus, where he died. Col. Osborne West, commandant of the 84th
Begiment,stationed at the garrison, cleared the old cricket ground, and was
a great man for sports. My mother was buried with military honors.
Captain Hays, with a detachment of the 93rd Highlanders, Colonel Sparks,
the officers of the Commissariat, Sergeant-Major Hall, Sergeant Brown,
the naval officers and the leading gentry of the garrison, besides many
others, formed the escort to St Anne's cemetery, where she was buried.
My father's remains were buried beside hers, and the new St. Anne's
Church was built farther to the west and partly over their graves.
Stephen Jeffery owned a sailing vesssel which he brought from
Kingston, and in which he brought the stone from Quarry Island to
build the barracks. He kept the first canteen on the spot now occupied
by the Reformatory, just above the barracks, and built the old *' Qlobe
Hotel " where the *' Georgian Bay House " now stands. He felled trees
across the road leading to Mundy's canteen, on the old Military Road, so
as to compel customers to come to the " Globe " tavern and patronize
him. He afterwards built the "Canada House." Eeightly kept the
canteen for the soldiers at the garrison, and then a man named Armour.
* This naine is spelled Wah-sah-ge-wah-no-qo* by Mrs. Jameson (" Winter StucUee and
Summer Rambles,'* vol. 3, p. 200). She gives its meaning as ** Woman of the bright foam,"
and says it was given her in compliment of her successful exploit of running the rapids-
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THl MIGBATION OF VOTAGXUBS FBOM DBUMMOND ISLAND. 187
Tom Landrigan kept a canteen, and booght goods and naval supplies
stolen by soldiers from the old Red Store. He was found guilty with
the others, and sentenced to be hung. It cost my father a large sum of
money to get Tom dear. He was married to my sister.
One day I went up to the cricket ground and saw something round
rolled in a handkerchief, which was lying in the snow, and which the
foxes had been playing with. When I unrolled it, the ghastly features
of a man looked up at me. It was such a horrible sight that I started
home on the run and told my father. He went up to investigate, and
found it was the head of a drunken soldier, who had cut his throat while
in delirium tremens at Mundy's canteen, and had been buried near the
cricket ground. Dr. Nevison, surgeon of the 15th Regiment, had said
in a joke, in the hearing of two soldiers, that he would like to have the
soldier's head. They got it, presented it to him, when he refused it,
horrified. They took it back and threw it on the ground, instead of
burying it with the body, and it was kicked about in the way I mention
for some time. One of the two soldiers afterwards went insane, and the
other cut his thumb and died of blood-poisoning in Toronto. The names
of the two soldiers were Tom Taylor and. John Miller.
I remember seeing a big cannon and several anchors standing near
the old Red Store, the depot of naval supplies, but I don't know what
became of them. I remember the sale of the old gun-boats at public
auction by the Oovemment, together with the naval stores and military
supplies. One of the old gunboats sunk in the harbor, the Tecumseth,
nearest the old naval depot, is said to have a cannon in her hold. I knew
Capt. T. G. Anderson, Indian Agent and Customs Officer at Manitoulin
Island. The 84th Regiment, Col. Osborne West, Commandant, was the
last r^ment stationed at Penetanguishene. Captain Yates, in the same
regiment, was dissipated and got into debt. He was obliged to sell his
commission, and finally left for Toronto. St. Onge dit La Tard, Cbev-
rette, Boyer, Cot^, Cadieux, Desaulniers, Lacourse, Lepine, Lacroiz,
Rushloe (Rochelieu or Richelieu ?), Precourt, Desmaisons and Fleury, a
Spaniard, all came from Drummond Island. Altogether (in Louie's opin-
ion) about one hundred families came.
MICHAEL LABATTE.
Michael Labatte, a typical French-Canadian voyagev/r, lives on an
island in Victoria Harbor (Hogg Bay). His family history and descent
is an interesting one. He claims over one quarter Indian blood, but the
aboriginal element in his nature is most unmistakably marked. Hb
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138 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
father went up to the North- West in the closing years of the last een-
tury, and probably accompanied the British army in their first more (o
" Sault Ste. Marie '' and St Joseph Island, on the first transfer of Mack-
inaw to the Americans in 1796. He also formed one of the contingent
of one hundred and sixty French-Canadian voyageurs accompanjring
Mr. Pothier, nnder Captain Roberts, at the capture of Mackinaw by the
BritiHh in July, 1812, and three years later he moved to Dmmmimd
Island with the British forces on the second transfer of Mackinaw to the
Americans, and finally to Penetanguishene. For a man of his yeais
(over 85) Michael is vigorous and alert, and his memory is apparently
intact.
Hia Narrative,
I was bom at Sault Ste. Marie (on the American side) in 1814, the
last year of the war, my mother being there on a visit to friends at the
time, though our home was on Drummond Island. My father was Louis
George Labatte, a blacksmith by trade, who was bom in Lower Canada
He was a soldier in the British Army, and was at the capture of
Mackinaw in 1812. He went up from Montreal with the North- West
Company, and moved from Mackinaw with the British soldiers to
Drummond Island. My mother's name was Louisa Cadotte, a Chippewa,
from whom I learned the Indian language. I was the eldest of a family
of three children, two brothers and one sister, the others being dead.
Nothing but French and Indian was spoken at Drammond Island. I
learned English at Penetanguishene, where I fir^t heard it spoken. I
was twelve years old when we left Dmmmond Island. I came in a
bateau with my mother, brother, sister, and an Indian, named Gro-e-wis
Oge-nier, and his wife. We were two weeks coming. Several faniilies
started together in sail-boats, bateaux and canoes. We camped at Thee-
salon River, Mississaga River, Serpent River, LaCloche,She-bon-aw-ning,*
Moose Point and other places on the way. We stopped at Pinery Point
and made our toilet before entering Penetanguishene Bay. We landed
at the Reformatory Point We were all looking for the place where we
expected to see the sand rolling over and over down the hill. I was
married in Penetang. by Father Charest. My wife's maiden name was
Archange Berg^ whose father came from Drummond Island. I was a
volunteer in the enrolled militia of Simcoe. I have my discharge papers
for 1839,signed by Colonel Qourlay and Horace Keating, certified by Wm.
Simpson. Also for 1843, signed by Col. W. A Thompson.f
I remember Bishop McDonnell's visit to Penetanguishene. I took
* The Ojibway name of KiUamey.
tHe preeented both documents for my inspection.
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THE MIGRATION OF VOYAQEURS FROM DRUMMOND ISLAND. 139
him and two priests np to Manitoulin and round to the "Sault"' and
back again to Holland Landing in a big canoe. Henry and Louie
Solomon and Frauds Qiroux were with us, and there were several other
canoes. I often went with the late Alfred Thompson, of Penetang., to
the Blue Mountains hunting. I was with Captain Strachan at Baldoon, on
Lake St Clair, shooting ducks. I went up the Nottawasaga and over
the Portage to Lake Simcoe, when there were no white settlers there —
nothing but Indiana Drummond Island had the best harbor on Lake
Huron. The barracks at Penetanguishene was built of Norway pine
from Pinery Point. The first houses built in Penetanguishene were
built by Revol, Mitchell and Simpson for stores, all of cedar. Old Ste.
Anne's (R.C.) church was built by Rev. Father Dempsey,* missionary,
who died while on the road to Barrie, and was buried in the cemetery at
Penetanguishene. The old church was built of upright posts and the
spaces filled in with cedar logs, laid horizontally, and let into the posts
by a tenon and extended mortise. Rev. Father Proulx was the next
priest, then Father Charest. I came to Victoria Harbor (Hogg Bay) over
thirty years ago. My mother has been dead over fifty years. She is
buried at Lafontaine with my father. Eean & Fowlie built the mill
at Victoria Harbor. Asher Mundy, who kept the canteen on the old
military road, was married to Mra Valli^res, widow of a French-Cana-
dian. There was no house at Lafontaine when I first saw it It was
first called Ste. Croix. The nearest house was my father's, at Thunder
Bay, about seven miles distant Louis Desch^eau built the first house
there. Toussaint Boucher built the '' Iron Canoe " on the spot where Dr.
Spohn's residence now stands in Penetanguishene, for Father Proulx,
who afterward presented it to the Govemmentf
I made a trip in the " Iron Canoe '' with fifteen men. Father Proulx,
a young priest named Lavelle and a Bishop from Europe, up to Mani-
toulin, the ** Sault '' and Mackinaw, and back. Father Crevier visited
Drummond Island twice in my recollection. I carried the mail to the
** Sault " in winter on sno w-shoe& I made the trip from Penetanguishene
to the " Sault " and back (three hundred miles) with a sleigh and two
dogs in fifteen days — snow three feet deep. I once made the trip in
fourteen days. Dig a hole in the snow with my snow-shoes, spread
spruce boughs, eat piece of cold pork, smoke pipe and go to sleep. I
often had Mai de racquette. I would sharpen my flint, then split the
flesh of the ankle above the instep in several places, and sometimes down
* For a notice of Father Dempsey and his work, see Ldzars' " In the Days of the
Gsoada Company."
t It was made of Russian sheet iron.
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140 OXTABIO HISTORICAL SOGIETT.
the calf of the leg for a reihedy. I was in the Sha%anaga country for
furs on two occasions when I could not ^et out, on account of floods. I
was four days without food, which was cached at the mouth of the river.
At another time I was five days without food, except moss off the rocks,
on account of floods and soft weather. I was sent hy the Government
to clear the land where Waubaushene now stands, for the Indiana I
planted potatoes and sowed grain. I was there when the Qovemment
built the first grist-mill and houses for the Indians at Coldwater. The
Government afterwards moved the Indians to Beausoleil Island, Chris-
tian and Manitoulin Islands. A man named Stone built the first mill
at Severn River, before there was any mill at Waubaushene. I remem-
ber seeing several cannons at the old Red Store or Naval Depot at
Penetanguishene.
Squire McDonald, uncle of Squire Sam. Fraser, of Midland, was
agent for the North-West Company, and came from Drummond Island
the year before we did. Dr. Mitchell, his son Andrew, Wm. Simpson
and Revol, all came about the same time. I knew about the Tom Land-
rigan scrape — getting into trouble about stolen Government military
supplies — mighty close shave for Tom — he was sentenced to be hanged
I saw Prisque soon after he fell and broke his neck in Penetanguishene.
He looked as if he had a black handkerchief tied round his neck. He
was sawing ofi* a board lying across the beams, and sawed it too short
and pitched down head first. I saw the drunken soldier, who cut his
throat at Mundy's Canteen, and who was buried near the old cricket
ground. I was fireman for three summers on the steamer Oore, oom-
manded by Captain Fraser, who married a daughter of Hippolyte Bris-
sette. I went with the volunteers to Chippawa and Navy Island to
clear out the Mackenzie rebels. My father was married twice. I was
the eldest of the first family, and worked for myself since I was fourteen
years old. I have had a family of fifteen children.
MRS. Boucher's narrative.
My maiden name was Rosette Larammee, bom on Drummond Island
December 12th, 1815, the year after the war. My husband was Jean
Baptiste Boucher, also a native of Drummond Island. My father's name
was Jacques Adam Larammee, born in Lower Canada. He hired with
the North- West Company and went up to Lake Superior, came back, and
went to New Zealand (?), where he caught the fever. On recovering, he
came home and went up to Mackinaw with the British soldiers, where
he afterwards married Rosette Cloutier, a half-breed woman; then
moved with the forces to Drummond Island. We left Drummond Island
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THE MIGRATION OF VOYAGEURS FROM DRUMMOMD ISLAND. 141
in April, 1828, and were in the sngar camp when Bome of the others
started. The Labattes left before the soldiers. We came in a large
hatean with two other families and a span of horses. Our family con-
sisted of father, mother, foar children— Julien, Zoa, James, and myself.
James was only two years old. I was about thirteen. There were with
us Louis Lepine, wife, and one child, Frances, who afterwards became
tilt wife of William Rawson, of Coldwater. Pierre Lepine, who with
his wife and child were' wrecked with the soldiers, was Louis's brother.
Antoine Fortin, wife, and three children, were also with us. We came
by the North Shore, and were one month on the way. We camped at
Mississaga Point, McBean's Post,* La Cloche, She-bon-an-ning, Moose
Point and Minniekaignashene, the last camping-place before reaching
Penetanguishene. Belval, Quebec, and Rondeau all came from Drum-
mond Island and settled at old Fort Ste. Marie. Kerre Rondeau, while
•planting potatoes, found a root of la oarotte d mowreau^ and his wife took
it away from him. While she was getting dinner he ate some and died.
Fraser, who kept a canteen on Drummond Island and was wrecked with
the soldiers, started a taverni at the old cricket ground, near the little
lake, which was afterwards called Fraser's lake.f Joseph Craddock, of
Coldwater, and his sister, Mrs. Simpson, came from Drummond Island.
Their mother was a half-breed. I remember a bishop, named Thombeau,
and t'ather Crevier, once visited Drummond Island. My father and
mother were married in Penetanguishene by Bishop McDonnell, who
married several couples during his visit to Penetanguishene shortly after
we moved from Drummond Island. Louis Descheneaux and his wife,
Oustave Boyer and his wife, Charles Cadieux and his wife, and several
others were married at the same time. We settled on the lot now
owned by Queenelle, and afterwards moved to our present home on lot
17, con. 17, Tiny. Dr. Boyer practised and lived in Penetanguishene.
Joseph Giroux started for Thunder Bay with provisions for his son,
Camile, who was fishing. He lost his way and wandered down to
Pinery Point. My son, Narcisse Boucher, and several others started out
to hunt for him. The snow was two feet deep and no roads. They found
him on the third day in the afternoon lying on some boughs behind a
big oak log, his hands and feet frozen solid, and his dog wrapped in the
breast of his coat to help keep him warm. They made a stretcher of
withes covered with boughs, and carried him home on their shoulders,
relieving each other by turns. Giroux was obliged to suffer amputation
of both hands and feet. Mr. Boucher, my husband, died several years ago.
*MrB. Jameaan, writing in 1837 (" Winter Stndiei and Svunmer Rambles," Vol. 8,
p. 206) plaoea McBean's Post at La Cloche,
f Now St. Andrew's or Mud Lake.
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142 ONTARIO HISTOBIGAL SOCIETY.
JEAN BAPTISTS SYLVESTES'S NARRATIVE.
I was bom at Mackinaw on All-Saints' day in 1813, the second year
of the American War. My father's name was Jean Baptiste Sylvestre,
who went tip with the North- West Company, became a soldier in the
British army and fought at Mackinaw. He received his discharge,
moved to Drammond Island with the troops, and started bosiness as a
fur trader, ^e came from the North- West to help the British, and
joined the force at St. Joseph Island. My mother's maiden name was
Angelique McKay, a half-breed woman of Scotch descent, whom my
father married at Mackinaw, where she was drowned when I was about
two years old. Just before Mackinaw was given up to the Yankees my
mother left in a small sailboat with a company of young people to visit
Manitoulin Island, and was only a few yards from the shore when the
boom shifted, and, striking my mother on the forehead, knocked her
overboard, and she was drowned. The officers and men of the garrison
assisted in dragging the lake for her, and did all they could to find her,
but her body was never recovered. After moving to Drummond Island,
in 1816, my father brought me to Nottawasaga River in a large birch-
bark canoe, with some Indians, on our way to Montreal, to leave me with
my grandfather. We went up the river, crossed the portage to Hew-
son's Point, Grassi Point, Boache's Point, where we met a lot of Indians,
then to Holland Landing and on to Newmarket. There were only a
storehouse and two small log huts at the landing. My father made
arrangements with Mr. Roe, merchant at Newmarket, who sent me to
school, and then I engaged to drive team for him and make collections
all over the country. I met a party of young people in Georgina and
played the fiddle all night for them while they danced. My father
came to Newmarket with his furs. He met tribes of Indians in the
west clothed in deer and rabbit skins,* and who had no axes, knives or
iron instruments. He traded among the Muskoka lakes and at
Sylvestre's Lake in Parry Sound. He took me with him on one trip.
We got short of provisions, and he sent two Indians out for more. They
got drunk and did not return. Father was obliged to eat moss from
the rocks and kill our little dog to save our lives. At last we reached
the Narrows, near Orillia, where Francis Gaudaur, a half-breed, lived.
Oaptaiu Laughton and my father came from Holland Landing across
Lake Simcoe to the Narrows, down the Severn River to "Baushene"
(Waubaushene), thence to Penetanguisbene to see the channel When
they arrived at Penetanguisbene Bay the Drummond Islanders were
* Some faranoh or tribe of the Beayer Indiani of Peeoe River or Mtokensie River.
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o>
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w
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THE MIGBATION OF VOTAGEUBS FBOM DRUICMOND ISLAND. 143
camped on Barrack's Point, in wigwams made of poles covered with
cedar bark. My father traded with Gordon, who settled on Penetan-
guishene Bay long before the troops moved from Drummond Island.
William Beausoleil came before him and settled on Beaosoleil Island. I
was with the party who brought Colonel Jarvis, Colonel Sparks and
Lady Jameson down from Manitoalin Island to Penetangnishene in
birch-bark canoes. We stopped at Skull Island, where there was a
large pit in the solid rock filled with skeletons. Mrs. Jameson asked
someone to get a skull for her, and Thomas Leduc went down and got
one. They put it in the canoe near my feet, and I told them to take it
away. Mrs. Jameson kept it in the canoe with her. We took her to
Cold water, where an ox-team and waggon was procured, and she was
driven to Orillia (the Narrows), where she boarded a vessel for Holland
Landing, thence on to Toronta I once took the wife of Colonel Jarvis
in a canoe, with two Indians, from Cold water to Beausoleil Island and
Penetanguishene to visit the Indians. She returned by the old military
road to Eempenfeldt Bay, and across to the Landing home. I recollect
seeing Sir John Franklin at Newmarket in 1825. I hauled the oak
timber from Lanigan's Lake to build the Penetanguiehene, the first
steamer built here, near the site of McGibbon's mill. Mr. Morrison had
the contract for building the first Indian houses on Beausoleil Island.
Mr. Roe had the contract for supplying provisions to the garrison at
Penetangnishene. He hired twenty-two teams from the Davidites, near
Sharon. I drove one team, and they followed each other at intervals of
one hour, going from the landing across the ice, through the old military
road to Penetangnishene and the barracks. I was with Mr. Longhouse
in Vaughan for two years, and with Captain Strachan for three seasons
hunting on Lake St Clair. Two of the vessels sunk here in Penetan-
gnishene harbor (Scorpion and Tigress) were American schooners
captured at the Detour by Adjutant Keating and his men. William
Robinson built the first mill at the head of the bay, now owned by
Copeland. Andrew Mitchell was the first postmaster at Penetangnishene.
Serpent River got its name from a perpendicular rock at its mouth, on
which a huge serpent is neatly carved. I went with Colonel Sparks,
Colonel Jarvis and several Government officers on a trip round the
lakes hunting for the rebel Mackenzie. My brother-in-law, Lewis
Solomon, and several French-Canadians went as assistfimts. We went
up to Manitoulin and the Sault, around by Mackinaw and down to
Samia, Detroit and Maiden, then down Lake Erie to Bufialo. The
Americans said, " If he were hidden anywhere there, they would give
him up." We went down the Niagara, portaged round the fails, and
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144 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
went roand the head of Lake Ontario, Hamilton, then down to the
Credit to see the Indians, and so on to Toronto.* One of the Government
officials expressed himself very strongly, saying, " They had no business
spendinsr money on such a trip." Lady Jameson had been np to Lake
Superior, and had been brought down from the *' Sault " by some of our
people of the North- West Company to Manitoulin Island, where she was
taken in charge by Colonel Jarvis and his party. I often stopped with
Capt T. 0. Anderson, Indian superintendent at HanitonliiL I was at
Baushene ( Waubaushene) when Mackenzie's Rebellion broke ont in 1837.
We lived at Coldwater, where my father died at the age of seventy-one
years. I married Rosette Solomon, daughter of William Solomon,
Government interpreter to the Indians.
ANTOINE LABATTE'S NARRATTVI.
I was bom on Drummond Island, 16th September, 1824. We left
the Island in 1827. My father's name was Louis Qeorge Labaite, a
soldier in the British Army, and a blacksmith by trade. He was at the
capture of Mackinaw, and fought in the war of 1812. He was bom in
Lower Canada, and went up with the North-West Company, and after
three years in the British service at Mackinaw, returned to Dmmmond
Island with the soldiers and stayed there eleven yeara He then moved
to Holland Landing, stayed there two years, then to Penetangnishene,
and lastly to Thunder Bay (Tiny), where he died in 1872. My mother
died in 1863, and both are buried at Lafontaine. Her maiden name was
Julia Frances Qrouette, a half-breed. I am three-quarters French and
one-quarter Indian blood. We left Drummond Island in August, in a
bateau, towed by the schooner Alice, Captain Hackett commander.
The vessel was subsequently wrecked on Horse Island. We came by
the outer channel, past Tobermory, and landed at Cedar Point in Tiny,
the same month. Eighteen persons came in the bateau, besides provis-
ions and household effects. There were six of the Labatte family, f onr
of the Qrouette family, Antoine Recollet and child, Francois RecoUet and
child, Jessie Solomon, and an Indian named Jacobe. Captain Hackett
had suffered shipwreck on the sea. His vessel was burned and he saved
his life by clinging to a small piece of the burning wreck till he was
rescued. Captain Hackett was badly burned on one side of his face and
neck, so that the cords were drawn down, causing a peculiar twitching
of the muscles and a continual turning of his face to * one side. We
* An expedition (perhaps this one) to intercept W. L. Mackenne in 1S37, is mentioned
in the Narrative of John Monague, of Christian Island. See Transactions of the Canadian
Institute, Fourth Series (1892), vol. 3, p. 4.
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THE MIGRATION OF V0YAGEUB8 FBOM DRUMMOND ISLAND. 145
camped at Cedar Point one night and left next morning for Nottawas-
aga. We went up the Nottawasaga to Pine River, within nine miles of
Barrie, and portaged over to Lake Simcoe, and down to Holland Landing.
We stayed there two years, then went to White's Comers in Oro and
stayed there about one year, then came to Penetanguishene in 183L Wie
first lived on the lot on the comer next Shannahan's blacksmith shop,
Penetanguishene, now owned by Mrs. Mundy, then on the lot now owned
by Charles McGibbon. The little steamer Penetanguishene was built,
I think, about 1832, by Mitchell & Thompson, on the spot where McQib-
bon's Mill now stands, on Water Street. We left Penetanguishene in
1834, to go to Meaford to take up land received for Government service.
We were in a bateau with our goods and provisions, being towed by the
steamer Penetanguishene, on board of which were Captain Workman
and family and Mr. Rattray and family, with their household furniture,,
also going to Meaford, accompanied by a Mr. Vail ; Stephen Jefirey in hia
sail-boat was also being towed. A heavy storm arose before we reached
Christian Island. Our bateau smashed the back windows of the cabin
of the little steamer, and one of the lines broke by which we were being
towed. We were driven on Christian Island, near where the lighthouse
stands. After a little time the captain thought he would try again, and
my father refused to go. We were obliged to unload the bateau, as it
belonged to the steamer. We unloaded our goods and blacksmith's tools
into a birch canoe, while they started the second time for the Blue Moun-
tains, but were obliged to return. We camped there about a week.
There were no Indians there then. When the storm ceased. Captain
Beman came along with his sloop and took Captain Workman and his
party to Meaford, but left Mr. Vail. My father found him one day
without any food, and brought him to our camp. Antoine Lacourse, a
fisherman from Penetanguishene, and some friends, came to take us back
to Penetanguishene. We started, but the ice was so thick it took three
men with sticks in the front of the bateau to break it. We got as far
as Thunder Bay (Tiny), and landed at a fisherman's cabin, but twelve
feet square, where we stayed for the night, with fifteen men, besides
eight of our own family. We built a place to winter in, then built a log
house, and lived on the bay ever since. The old house is still standing.
Tontine Martin, a fisherman from Penetanguishene, built a small
cabin just before we came, but occupied it only temporarily. Camile
Oiroux was the next settler, about twenty years after we came. My
father set out fruit trees, which grew from seed dropped on the beaeh
by fisherman and travellers. Michael Labatte, of Victoria Harbor, is
my half-brother. His mother's Indian name was Oh-ge-ke-qua.
10
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146 ONTARIO HISTORICAL 80CISTY.
In my father's time a " Yankee " vessel often came to Thunder Bay
with whiskey and hid the barrels in the sand Stephen Jeffery, of Fesy&-
tangnishene, would come through the Indian trail from Colbome Bay
and get the whiskey and take it across to his canteen. After the barrels
were emptied they would break them up and leave the staves on the
sand. They would sometimes dig holes in the gravel at Lighthouae
Point, on Christian Island, and hide the whiskey and cover it witii brush,
until they came after it The distance through the Indian trail across
to^ Olbome Bay opposite to the barracks was called seven miles. I
worked two years^in Saginaw and at the Bruce Mines, with three hun-
dred men, under Manager Campbell.* I attended school in Pene-
tanguishene three months under a teacher named Antoine Lacoorse.
His grandson, Wm. Lacourse, and Francis Marchildon were drowned
some years since on their way to Christian Island. I knew Bondeaa at
the old Fort, who ate a root of la carotte d moureau (wild parsnip) and
was poisoned He was planting potatoes and found the root His wife
said it was good to eat While she was getting dinner he ate some and
died the same night I saw him when they buried him in Pene-
tanguishene. The Labattes left Drummond Island in 1827 ; the troops
left in 1828, and most of the French-Canadians in 1829.
I heard of the burning of the schooner Naney at Nottawasaga. She
ran into the river followed by the Yankee schooners. She got inside the
bar, where they had a slight skirmish, when the captain set fire to her
to prevent her falling into the hands of the Tankeea While passing
Detroit the captain kept a keg of powder on deck ready to blow her up
in case of attack. The captain and his men were left with nothing but
the yawl boat, and they made their way back to St Joseph Island by
the North Shore, where they saw two " Yankee " vessels. They ran
across to Mackinaw and got permission from the Colonel and returned
and captured the two schooners. Capt McTavish boarded one of the
vessels as a negro was in the act of loading a cannon, when he cut off his
head with a sword, the former falling overboard. The captain seized
the body and pitched it over also, saying, as he did so, *' Follow your
head-'t
Pierre Oiroux took a squaw for his wife from Moose Point and
* A very interesting acoonnt of the Brace Mines when at the height of their proeperitj
(in 1S49-50) maj be found in the Second Report of the Ontario Borean of Mines (1SS2)
pages 171-S. II was written by Walter William Palmer, and is entitled, ** A Pioneer's
Mining Ezperienoe on Lake Superior and Lake Huron.**
t This is a popular version of the capture of the two ** American ** schooners, Scarpim
and Tigresi, near Mackinaw in 1814. Another version of the capture, from the pen of John
McDonald of Qarth, may be found in Masson's " Bourgeois,'* II, p. 55.
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THE MIGRATION OF VOYAQEUBS FROM DRUMMOND ISLAND. 147
settled on Penetanguisbene Bay. She appeared to be a little crazy.
When Bisbop McDonnell yisited Penetangoishene be ordered them to
marry or separate. Gironx gave ber a blanket and sent her away. Sbe
wrapped ber babe in the blanket and started across the ice, but when
she reacbed Giant's Tomb Island ber babe was frozen to death. Pierre
afterwards got bis bands and feet so badly frozen while hauling fish
down from Moose Point that they had to be amputated. His brother,
Joseph, started with provisions for bis son, Camile, who was fishing on
Thunder Bay, and got lost. The snow was two or three feet deep and
no roads. He was found three days later near Pinery Point, with his
hands and feet frozen. They bad to be amputated. His son Joseph
still lives in Penetanguisbene.
Andrew Vallier parted with his squaw and they afterwards met
again and were married by Rev. Father Proulx. They generally
married their wives when the priest came. Point Douglas, to the west
of Thunder Bay (Tiny), was named after a marine surveyor. My lot is
north half No. 16, con. 19, broken front, Tiny. My brother, Ambrose,
lives on lot 13, con. 17, Tiny. I married Mary Cot^ for my first wife.
ANOKUQUE LANGLADE.
The concluding narrative of these personal recollections is that of
Angelique Langlade, still living in Penetanguisbene at an advanced age,
and the last survivor but one of a somewhat noted family. Her com-
mand of English is very limited, but her mixed dialect so picturesque
and pointed, that I am constrained to present it almost wrbatim, in her
own simple but expressive style, with apologies to several writers of
dialect literature.
Her Narrative,
Ma name, Angelique Langlade; bom Drummon Islan; me Chippawa
half-breed; ma mudder, Josephine Ab-quah-dah, Chippawa squaw, Yankee
tribe ; ma fadder, Charles Langlade, French half-breed, bees born Macki-
naw, an move Drummon Islan wid Breeteesh. I no spik good Eengleesh
ver welL I not know how old I be — ba-a — I no chicken — me. I tink
boat seven, ten, mebbe tii^teen year ole when we come Pentang. Mebbe
some day God tell me how ole I be when I die. Ma fadder, mudder,
Charlie, Louie, Pierre, two Marguerites, Angelique, dats me, an Delede,
all oome in big bateau from Nort shora Priess mak mistak an baptise
two Marguerites. E[atrine bom Pentang. All dead but two, Delede
(Mrs. Preoourt) an me — dat's Angelique. We oome Gordon's pints ; mak
wigwam cedar bark, stay dare leetle tam ; wait for land, den come ware
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148 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
McA vela's place on de hill, an leeve dare lang, lang tarn.* Soldiers oome
nex year after we oome Qordon's pinia Ma granfadder Capn. Charles
Langlade.f Good French, come Montreal ; work for Hadson Bay CSoy.,
marry Chippawa squaw — big, big soldier in Breeteesh army — ^he fight fer
Mackinaw 1812 — much good, loyal to Eengleesh — had ver fine sword —
after war went to Qreen Bay, where he die — had toosan acre Ian —
built ver big fine stone house, where he lef hees sword, piano an lots
money — ver, ver rich. Had tree sons an tree daughters — Alixe, Indians
mak him big chief way, way off in Unat Stat ; Charlie, dats ma fadder»
he come Drummon Islan wid Breeteesh soldiers and den he oome Pentang;
Napoleon, he go way an nevare come back no more — nevare hear from
him every years — speks lak hees dead long tam. One daughter kep
Mackinaw, where she married an leeve ; two go to school, Montreal, get
married an go to Lac Montaigne to leeve. Lots ma friens Langlades
leeve Montreal — fine peoples — ver rich. Ma granmudder, Angelique Lang-
lade, she oome on visit from Qreen Bay an die in Pentang. She ver, vw^
ole when she die. Father Point, Missionary Priess, on veesit from Wek-
wam-i-kon, he bury her. He say she more as hunner year ole. Ma
sister. Marguerite, she marry Qeorge Gordon, hees seeon wife. She die
in Toronta Odder Marguerite, she die in Pentang. Dr. Mitchell oome
Drummon Islan, too ; hees wife Chippewa squaw ; she die fore he come
here. Hees son, Andrew Mitchell, kep store in ole log-house where
Charlie Wright's bam ees, on Water Street Ole Dr. Mitchell, hees son
Andr^ an some more buried on ole Mitchell farm. Jacko Yasseur,.
Batcheesh, young Jacques, Marguerite, Paul an Rosette all buried on
Gidley's. Mr. Simpson, trader, he marry squaw on Drummon Islan ; she
buried behind ole store on Water Street ; hees seoon wife half-breed,
sister Jo. Craddock, Coldwater. Mr. Keating capture Yankee schooner
on Drummon Islan.
[I hHve in my poaseesion a copy of a letter (Report) in French, written by Capt.
Charles Langlade, Angelique's grandfather, in 17S3, from La Bai to the commandant
at Bfackinaw, detailing an attack on Wisconsin Portage by the Indians, which he was
sent to repulse. X He was also sent with a detachment to the relief of Gk>yenior Hamfl-
ton, who was imprisoned by the Lidians at Vincennes. At the close of the war Captain
* The old Langlade mansion and original block-house is still standing.
t For a long article on Chas. de Langlade, see Joseph Tasse's " Les Canadiens de
rOnest" Vol. L, which also contains some lists of his descendants. See also the index to
Coues* edition of the Journal of Alex. Henry the younger, under ** Langlade," for a con-
cise biography.
i Notices of Langlade and his Indians at Labaye (Green Bay) and Vincennes may be
found in the Report on Canadian Archives, 1890, Calendar of State Pspers, pages 81, S4»
85, 109, etc.
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LIST OF THS BRUMMOND ISLAND VOTAGEURS. 149
Langlade and one son went to Green Bay, Wis., while another son, Charles, accom-
panied the British forces to Drummond Island. Subsequent to the Captain's death
in Qreen Bay, his wife died in Penetanguishene, while on a yisit to her son, about the
year 1846, at an advanced age. She was reputed to be oyer one hundred years. The
stone mansion, sword and piano are stiU in possession of descendants at Green Bay,
«nd highly prized as memorials of Captain Langlade. Records in possession of the
Gordon family prove that Angelique was bom about 1820, if not earlier.]
LIST OF THE DRUMMOND ISLAND V0YA0EUR8,
Amtot, Colbert, was bom in Quebec, went up with the Hudson's
Bay Company, was with Admiral Bayfield in the survey of the thirty
thousand islands of Georgian Bay in the old Recovery. He accompanied
the admiral to Fort William, and with Hippolyte Brissette and William
Cowan, also half-breeds, helped to build the new Recovery, a sailing
vessel, with which they completed the survey. His ancestors were
Charles and Joseph Jean Baptiste Amyot, of Yincelotte, Quebec, the
original grantees of that fief in 1672. He has a son, Colbert, living at
St Joseph Island, and another at St. Ignace, Mich. He was married to
a daughter of the interpreter, Wm. Solomon. (See Louie Solomon's
Narrative.)
AUGIR, JOSEPHETTE.
Barnard, M., married a daughter of Alixe Lamorandiere, returned
to the " Sault," where he has sons still living, and at St Joseph Island.
Bell, John. A genuine French half-breed with an English name,
And married to a half-breed woman. I have been unable to ascertain
the origin of his name. He appears to have been more than usually
clever, as Gordon, the trader, tried to retain his services for collecting
furs from the Indians. He soon returned to the " Sault"
Boucher, Jean Baptiste, first settled on lot No. 15, concession 16,
Tiny ; removed to lot No. 17, concession 17, still occupied by his widow
and son, Narcisse Boucher. He was bom in Quebec. His family
connections include that noted branch of Jean Baptiste Boucher de
Obambly, a grandson of M. de Chambly, the original grantee in 1672,
who was killed in an Italian campaign. He died at the age of seventy-
one years, and is buried at Lafontaine.
Boucher, Pierre, once owned the lot where Beck & Co.'s mill now
stands in Penetanguishene.
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150 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
BoissoNNEAU, Joseph, came from St Joseph Island. Hk
desoendants still live in Tiny.
Berger, Joseph. His son Charles, at Victoria Harbor, and other
descendants are still living.
Bruneau, Baptiste, settled at old Fort Sta Marie, Tay, on the
Jesuit lot, and gave the name to Bnmeauville Station at that place. He
is descended from the family of Francois Pierre Bmneau, of Montarville,.
Qaebec, who purchased that fief in 1830. His descendants live in
Victoria Harbor and Tay.
BouRASSA, Qabriel. Descendants of his are still living in Tiny.
Bareille, Louis, settled at old Fort Ste. Marie, Tay..
Beaubien, M.
BoisvERT, Edouard, went to Lake Simooe.
BoTER, QoTFRiED (near sighted), settled in Tiny. His son b living
in Midland.
BOTSE, QUSTAVE.
BoYER, Baptiste.
BoYER, Pierre.
Boyee, Charles.
BoYER, Joseph.
Boyer, Wiluam.
Beaudria, Antoine.
Bellval, Baptiste, had no hair on his head or nails on his fingers
and toes. He settled at old Fort Ste. Mari^ was mail-carrier for some
time, and died at Bruce Mines.
Beaudria, Louis, returned to La Cloche with the Hudscm's Bay
Company.
Beausoleil, Louis, settled on Beausoleil Island (marked *" Prince
William Henry Island" on maps) in 1819, and from him the island
received its name. He afterwards moved to Beausoleil Point, on
Penetanguishene Bay, where he died at an advanced age. His wife was a
full-blooded Chippewa. He is remembered by early settlers as the
owner of a monster black ox, which he drove or worked on all occasions*
He had two sons and one daughter.
Beausoleil, Alixe, died in Penetanguishene. Several children are
living in Tiny.
Beausoleil, Aktoine, went to Trenton, Ontario.
Beausoleil, Felicite, married Antoine RecoUet, of Green Bay.
She died in Penetanguishene. Her daughter, Cecelia, married Antoine
Trudeau, and is still living in Tiny.
Barrou, Pierre, went to Waubaushene.
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LIST OF THE DRUMJfOND ISLAND VOYAGEUBS. 151
Blette, dit Sorelle Pierre, was the grantee of Park lot 24, the
patent having been issued in 1834. He died in Owen Sound.
Blbtte, Louis, was the grantee of Park lot 26, the patent having
been issued in 1834.
Blette, FRANCOI& Descendants of his are living in Parry Soond.
Benoit, Louis, came from the " Sault"
Benoit, Francois.
Chevalier, Louis, died in Penetanguishene. Sons are living on
Dokis' Reserve, Nipissing. His father, Louis Chevalier, took a prom-
inent part in charge of Indians at the post of St. Joseph in 1783, under
Governor Sinclair, of Mackinaw. He was well versed in Green Bay
incidents.
Champagne, Aktoine, carpenter, owned part of the lot belonging
to Allen L. McDonnell.
Craddock, Joseph, was bom on St Joseph Island in 1812, the first
year of the American war. He came to Penetanguishene with the
soldiers and lived near the barracks. He was employed by the govern-
ment on the Orillia portage in 1830-32, in the erection of houses for the
Indians, and received a grant of fifty acres of land in Coldwater, on
which he resided till his death. His father was an officer in the 42nd
Regiment, and returned to the Old Country soon after he (Joseph) was
bom, and was killed in the battle of Waterloo. His aboriginal descent
was so very marked, and the Indian so predominant in his character,
that he received a government annuity with the other members of the
Indian bands. He was scrupulously honest and upright in his dealings,
highly respected, and a pattern to the community in which he lived over
sixty years. He died at Coldwater on the 13th April, 1900. He has
numerous descendants.
Craddock, Katrine (Joseph's sister), became the wife of William
Simpson, the early trader in Penetanguishene. Her descendants now
reside in Montreal.
Chevrette, Louis, of lot 13, concession 17, Tiny, was bom at St
Hubert, Quebec, in 1801, joined the North- West Company to trade with
the Indians, but returned to the " Sault" and Drummond Island, thence
to Penetanguishene. In early years he had a sugar camp on the conier
where Dr. Spohn's residence now stands on Main Street, Penetanguishene.
He settled on Quesnelle's place, near McA vela's, afterwards moved to
Tiny, where he died in 1880, aged 79 years. Two sons, Moses (Moise)
and Louis, are living in Tiny ; one daughter, Mrs. Wynne, is living in
Penetanguishene, besides numerous descendants.
Cadieux, Andre, a pensioner, on a Park lot, South Poyntz Street,
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152 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
Pdnetangaiahene, was born in the Province of Quebec, on the Island of
Montreal, and went up with the Hudson's Bay Company. He had a
medal, won in the British army in Lower Canada. He saw some hard
service going up the Ottawa. After reaching a certain point meat
supplies were stopped ; the allowance then became four ounces of tallow,
and one quart of com per day for each man, and any game they could
shoot He was descended from the family of Charles Cadieuz, of Quebec
city, who took the oath in 17(>7, and another of his ancestors was Joseph
Gadieux, who was at the battle of Bennington, and drew seven handred
acres of land at St Sulpice under Lord Dorchester in 1788. He had six
sons and one daughter. The sons were: Andr^ jun., killed at Port
Severn; Isidore, living in Penetanguishene ; Louis, Joseph, Jean, and
Baptiste, living at the "Sault," and in different parts of the United
States. All these were bom in Penetanguishene.
CuARPSNTiER, Antoine, moved to Lake Simcoe.
Couture, Wiluam, died at Owen Sound. He was descended from
the family of Quillaume Couture, of Beaumont, Quebec, who took the
eath of fealty in 1759.
Couture, Joseph, died in Eillamey.
Chenier, Michael, returned to the " Sault " and Mackinaw, and
died in the House of Refuge.
Clermont, Francoise, came from Bed River as the wife of Frauds
Duisaume, sen.
Chapin, Marguerite, married William Couture.
CoT^ Charles, of lot 16, concession 16, Tiny, died at the age of
seventy, and is buried at Lafontaine. He came originally from La
Cloche, and had been in the employ of the Hudson's Bay Company. He
was descended from the family of Jean Baptiste Cot^, of He Verta,
Quebec, 17S3. His descendants are still living in Tiny.
CoT^ Joseph, owned lot 18, concession 15, Tiny. His descendants
are living in Penetanguishene.
Cot6, Francois, settled on lot 14, concession 15, Tiny.
Cruson, Joseph.
Cadottr, Anqelique, became the wife of Pierre Lepine; died at the
advanced age of 95 years, and is buried at Lafontaine. She was wrecked
en the sdiooner Hackett with her babe. (See Louis Solomon's Narrative.)
Cadotte, M.
Cadotte, Louise, " Oh-ge-ke-quah," also known as Mother Pecon,
was the first wife of Louis Qeorge Labatte, and the mother of Michael
Labatte. (See his Narrative.) She died in Penetanguishene.
Carok, Joseph, sen., was the grantee of Park lot 27 in 1834 (old
Mitchell farm).
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UST OF THE DRUMMOND ISLAND VOYAGBURS. 15S
Cabok, Joseph, jtin., was the grantee of Park lot S8 in 1834 (old
Mitehell farm).
Carom, Loui&
C!oRBiiRE, En, a half-brother of Louis, has lived at Holland
Landing for sixty years.
CioRBiSRS, Louis, of lot 18, ccmeession 15, Tiny, won a medal in the
army in Lower Canada. Descendants of his are still living on Beaasoleil
Island.
CoRBiiRi, David, owned Park lot 33 and the town lot where the
Arcade now stands.
CoBBiBRE, Maria (daughter of Loub), was accidently shot by her
brother while hunting cows.
Croteau,. CharlilS, sen., settled on Water Street, near Mitchell's
comer.
Croteau, Charles, jun., moved to Holland lading.
Croteau, Jean Baptiste.
Cloutier, Rosbtte (wife of Jacques Adam Larammee), died at the
age of eighty-three, and was buried at Lafontaine.
Cadieux, Julie (daughter of Andre, sen.), was bom at Drummond
Island, and became the wife of Joseph Legris. She is now a widow
living at Byng Inlet. Her father and William Couture at one time
occupied a double house, standing on the comer where Dr. Spohn's
residence now stands in Penetanguishene.
Desmaisons, Archanoe, the daughter of Francis Desmaisons,
became the wife of Henry Modest Lemire.
Desmaisons, Francois, once owned the lot where the Memorial
Church now stands. Has a grandson, Narcisse, living in Penetanguishene.
DusANQ, Amable, moved to Fesserton, where his descendants still
live.
DusANQ, Benjamin, dit Monagre. One of his sisters married into
the Vent family.
Deschambault, Pierre, went to Waubaushene. His ancestor. Cap-
tain Deschambault, was at the si^e of St. John, and drew 700 acres of land
in Longueuil, under Lord Dorchester, in 1788. Descendants are living
in Tiny.
Deschenaux, Louis, of lot 16, concession 16, Tiny, (now owned by
M. Duquette) built the first house in Ste. Croix (Lafontaine) about 1830.
It is still standing. His father was bom at Beaumont^ Quebec, and
came up with the North-West Company. Among his ancestors was the
famous cur^ of Ancienne Lorette, Charles Joseph Deschenaux, son of
Joseph Brassard Deschenaux, of Beaumont, 1781. Louis is buried at
Lafontaine. No descendants are living.
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154 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
DttAULKiERS, Louis, settied at Oordon's Points then moved to liny.
He died at the age of 86 and is boried at Lafontaine.
Desaulniers, Charles, settled on Robert street, Penetangoishene^
on the site of Elliott's livery stable.
Doucettb, Edward, once owned lot 13, concession 17, Tiny (now
Moise Chevrette's).
Deloge, Widow, was Charles Vassenr's mother. She was buried
on the Gidley farm.
DucLOS, Calixte.
Desjardins, Charles, settled on Water street, next to Mr. Hobert,.
Penetangnishene. He died in Owen Soond.
Desjardins, Joseph, the grantee of Park lot No. 23, in 1834. His
descendants are still living in Tiny. Their name recalls the memorable
disaster near Hamilton in 1858.
Desmarais, Auoustik. His descendants are still living in Pene-
tangnishene.
DoLEUR, Joseph, a stonemason. He once owned the lot on Robert
street, where Wynne's residence stands. He returned to the " Sault,*^
where his descendants still live.
FoRTiN, Henri, settled at old Fort Ste. Marie. He went to Owen
Sound, where he died.
FREisMrrn, Joseph, baker, settled on one of the original lots of the
Oidley farm.
Farlinqer, James, blacksmith in the navy. The two latter are
repoted to be Germans, though speaking French and married to half-
breed women.
Fontaine, Louis.
FoRTiN, Antoine, owned the park lot on Pojmts street, opposite
Mr. Plouffe's, Penetangnishene.
Frechette, Michael, settled near Lake Tyndall (or SempleX Mid-
land.
Frechette, Etienne, the grantee of Park lot No. 17, Tiny, in 1834.
Frechette, Baptiste, occupied a Park lot in Penetangnishene.
Frechette, CHARLEa
Frechette. Louia The correct name of these brothers is Desroehes,
except the first, Michael, whose mother married the second time. They
all retained the name of the first. Descendants are still living in Tiny.
Faille, Louia
Fleurt, Joseph, owned the lot on Poynts street, Penetangnishene,
that is now Corbeau's. He was one of Adjutant Eeating's party that
captured the Yankee schooner near Drummond Island. He was said to
be a Spaniard. He married a half-breed woman and spoke French.
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LIST OF THE DRUHHOND ISLAND VOTAGEURS. 155
GiROUx, Pierre, the grantee of Park lot No. 4, Tiny Reserve, in
1834. He was one of Adjutant Eeating's party in the capture of the
American schooner near Drummond Island. He was severely frozen
while on his way from Giant's Tomb Island and suffered amputation of
both hands and feet. Some of his descendants are living in Tiny.
GiROUX, Joseph, died at the age of 76 and was buried at Laf ontaine.
Gaoer, Antoine.
GsRAiR, FRANCOia His daughter married Joseph Boucher and is
still living.
Greverot, Marquertfe, became the wife of Charles Cotd She
was buried at Lafontaine.
GUIMONT, FRAKCOI&
GuRNSAU^ Joseph.
Gordon, Willluc D., was the eldest son of George Gordon. He
was bom at Drummond Island in 1820. He was lost in the woods near
Penetanguishene in 1838, and was supposed to have been devoured by
wolves. The skeleton of the boy was found fifteen years later near
the site of Midland. The skull was identified by a peculiarly shaped
tooth, and was preserved till his father's death, five years later, when it
was buried in his coffin.
Gordon, Betsy, married Joseph Lacourse, a brother of Judge
Laeourse, of Waterloo County. Her second husband was James Bailey.
Both are still living in Tiny.
Qrevote, Pierre.
Goulet, Francois, was a noted violinist. He occupied the house
built by D. Bevol in Water street.
Goulet, Marqubrite, eloped with Michael Lavallee and never
returned.
GoROiTE, Julie Francoise, was the second wife of Louis George
Labatte. She died at the age of 75, and was buried at Lafontaine. Her
brother, William Goroite, was Government interpreter for the Indians at
Port Credit, Oni
GouLiN, Pierre.
Goroite, Juue, half-breed, mother of Julia Frances Labatte. She
came from Drummond Island with Louis George Labatte, and died at
Holland Landing the same year of typhoid fever. She married James
Goroite, a Protestant Englishman, who went from Montreal to Drum-
mond Island as schoolmaster, '' avocat," and issuer of marriage licenses.
He wore a wig, was very methodical in his habits, and scrupulous in the
observance of holy days. Though a Protestant, he would always remind
his wife of any day to be observed in her Church and insist upon her
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156 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
aiiending to it He aIbo died at Holland Landing of cholera the same
year.
Johnson, M.4RGU1RIT1, wa8 bom at Maddnaw and became the
wife of William Solomon, the Indian interpreter at Drommond Island.
She died in Penetangoishene and was boried with military honors. (See
the Narrative of Louie Solomon.)
JouRDAiN, Louia
JOUNSAU, M.
Lacerts, Louis, the grantee of Park lot Na 2Q, Uny, in 1834, in
the Mitchell farm. He was buried there.
La Bonds, Charles, a titled gentleman who claimed descent from
the Bourbons of France. Letters addressed to him always bore his title.
One of his ancestors was Sieur Pierre Denys de la Bonde, who obtained
a grant in the city of Quebec in 1658. Charles lived at Penetangoishene,
Beausoleil Island and Coldwater.
Larammeb, Jacques Adam, settled on a Park lot in Tiny, part of
McAvela's. He died at the age of 80, and was buried at Lafontaine.
(See Mrs. Boucher's Narrative.)
Larammee, James, jun, left Drummoiid Island at two yean of age.
He lived on Tiny Ordnance Beserve.
Larammee, Bosette, became the wife of Jean Baptiste Boucher,
and is still living on lot 17, concession 17, Tiny, aged 85 years, totally
blind. (See Mrs. Boucher's Narrative.)
Laraicmee, Julie, married Charles Lamoureux, and is living at Pine
Point
Larammee, Zoa, married Pierre Gendron, and is living at Byng
Inlet.
Landry, Widow, the mother of Mrs. Gordon. She came to Pene-
tanguishene in 1825. She is buried at Gordon's Point, now owned by
William Crosson, Tay. (See also Introduction.)
Landry, Agnes, the first wife of George Gordon, the trader of
Scotch descent who went up from Montreal with the Hudson's Bay
Company, came to Drummond Island, thence to Gordon's Point, whidi
he called the " Place of Penetanguishene," in 1825. He was the grantee
of Park lot No. 8, Tiny, in 1836, now owned by John Belyea. His father
was Colonel Gordon, of Montreal, who was killed in action in the West
Indies, and whose widow subsequently married Joseph Bousseau, a
wealthy merchant of Montreal Mrs. Bailey and Mra Vallee, of Tiny,
and the Misses Gordon, of Penetanguishene, are daughters.
La VALLEE, Celeste (daughter of Dennis Lavallee), became the wife
of John Borland, and died in Coldwater. John Borland is still living.
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UST OF THE DBUMHOND ISLAND VOTAGEURa 157
He is a son of Captain Borland, who was shot and wounded by the
Americans at the sacking of Toronto in 1812, but subsequently became
commander of the steamer Colbame, on Lake Simcoe, and later of the
PeTtetoTiguiahene, the first steamer built at Penetanf^ishene. John
Borland helped his father build the houses for the Indians on Beausoleil
Island, under contract from the (Government
Lavallee, Dennis, the grantee of Park lot No. 6, Tiny, in 1834,
which became known as " Lavallee's Point," now ** Highland Point,"
owned by D. Davidson, Esq.
Lafreniere, Antoine, cooper, the grantee of Park lot No. 18, Tiny,
in 1834, now the Gidley farm. He was buried at Lafontaine.
Lafreniere, Oliver, of lot No. 18, con. 15, Tiny, married widow
Lacombe.
Lafreniere, Antoine, jun., of lot 18, con. 15, Tiny. His descend-
ants are living in Tiny.
Lafreniere, Amable, died in Penetanguishene.
La Plants, Pierre, the grantee of Park lot No. 38, Tiny, part of the
Mitchell farm« where his remains lie buried, with those of Le Garde.
Le Garde, Jean Baptiste, the grantee of Park lot No. 37, Tiny,
part of the Mitchell farm.
Laranqer, Regis, clerk for Andrew Mitchell His family moved to
Ontonagon, Mich., and he died there.
Labatte, Michael, owned the Park lot on Poyntz Street, now
owned by Mr. Ploufle, Penetanguishene. He lives on an island in Vic-
toria Harbor ; is over eighty-five years of age, is vigorous, alert, and his
memory is almost intact A typical French voyageur, his aboriginal
descent being most unmistakably marked. He married Archange Berger,
and has a family of fifteen children. (See the Narrative of Michael
Labatte).
Labatte, Louise (Michael's sister), married Pierre Blette dit Sorelle.
Labatte, Antoine, of lot 16, con. 19, Tiny, at Thunder Bay. He
has numerous descendants. (See the Narrative of Antoine Labatte.)
Labatte, Ambrose, of lot 13, con. 17, Tiny, is still living.
Labatte, Dominique, the third son of Louis George Labatte, was
killed at the raising of a building in Tiny. He was buried at Lafontaine.
liABATTE, Katrine, of lot 16, con. 16, Tiny, the early home of Louis
Deschenaux. The original block-house is still standing. She became the
wife of M. Duquette, and has a vivid recollection of the family trip in
the bateau up the Nottawasaga River and over the portage to Lake
Simcoe ; also of the subsequent landing at their future home beside
Thunder Bay, in Tiny, on a cold Christmas eve.
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168 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Labattb, Louis George, blacksmith in ihe navy, lived on lot 16,
con. 19, Tiny, at Thunder Bay, which thus became the early home of the
Labattes. (See Antoine's Narrative.) He was buried at Lafontaine.
Lesoir, Pierre, the grantee of Park lot Na 36, Tiny, in 1834, part
of the Qidley farm in the hollow. He^was small in stature and a clever
violinist
Lemeux, Amable, the grantee of Park lot 31, Tiny, in 1836, part
of the Mitchell farm.
Leduc, Thomas, the grantee of the Park lot now owned by Mr.
Lamb, also of lot 112, con. 2, Tiny. He procured the skulls for Mrs.
Jameson from the cave at Nascoutiong, as mentioned in ihat lady's
'* Winter Studies and Summer Rambles," Vol. 3.
Lacroix, John, senr., of lot 16, con. 16, Tiny, had two sons and three
daughters. He was a descendant of Hubert Lacroix, of Mille lies,
Quebec, 1781.
Lacroix, Pierre, baker, occupied part of the site where Sneath's
Block stands.
Lacroix, Antoine. His descendants are living in Tiny.
Lacroix, Therese, married Cyril Pombert, and died at the age of
eighty. She was buried at Lafontaine.
Legris, Jean Baptiste, the grantee of Park lot No. 32, Tiny, in
1834 part of the Mitchell farm.
Legris, Prisque, the grantee of part of Park lot 32,Tiny, in 1834, with
his brother. He fell from the loft of a stable he was building for Adju«
tant Keating and broke his neck. It was popularly reported that he
was sent in pursuit of a deserting soldier on Drummond Island and shot
him. He has numerous descendants on Beausoleil Island and in Pene-
tangubhene, all known by the name of Prisque. Paul Prisque, who
perished on the ice two years ago while returning to Beausoleil Island,
was his grandson.
Legris, Joseph, died in Penetanguishene. His wife is still living at
Byng Inlet He has a daughter, Mrs. Paul Yasseur, living in Pene-
tanguishene.
Legris, Gabriel, on lot 96, con. 1, Tiny.
Lachapelle, Etienne, went to Holland Landing.
Lemais, Phiup, cooper ; his descendants live in Waubaushene and
Ooldwater.
Lemais, Pierre.
Lemais, J. B.
Lamorandiere, Charles. His father was bom in Quebec, was well
educated, went up with the Hudson's Bay Company, and married a
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UST OF THE DBUMHOND ISLAND VOTAGIUBS. 169
Chippewa squaw. His ancestor, Capt Etienne Lamorandiere, wa3 at the
siege of St John, and drew 700 acres of land at Varennes, Quebec, under
Lord Dorchester, in 1788.
Lamorandiebi, Alixb. Two sons of his are prominent business
men at EiUamey.
Lahorandiere, Joseph, occupied a town lot on Water Street A
son of his is Indian interpreter at Cape Croker.
Lam ORANBiEBE, Julie, married Jean Baptiste Rousseau. She is still
living at the '* Sault," Mich.« ninety years of age, hale and hearty.
Lamorandiere, Charlotte, married M. Barnard. Descendants of
hers are living at St Joseph and the " Sault"
Lamorandiere, Adelaide, became the wife of Regis Loranger. She
died at Ontonagon, Mich.
Lamorandiere, Josephette, married Captain Peck, of the steamer
Oore. Her descendants live at the " Sault"
Larchb, Chart.es, walked all the way to Toronto on foot with sev-
eral others under Captain Darling to join the British against the rebels in
1837, and while absent his wife eloped with Dennis Lavallee, and never
retomed.
LoRETTE, Pierre.
Laqac^ Joachim, the grantee of Park lot No. 29, Tiny, in 1834. He
was buried at Lafontaine.
Lagac£, Josephette, became the wife of Louis Deschenauz. She
was tall and stately, of a commanding presence, and an accomplished
violinist While at Drummond Island she furnished music for the offi-
cers and gentry at balls and parties, and was frequently called away to
Mackinaw and other points for the same purpose. Her services were in
constant requisition, even after moving to Penetanguishene. Finally,
Mr. Deschenauz, her husband, demolished the violin by placing his foot
on it, suddenly and " violently."
Langlade, Charles, sen., the grantee of Park lot No. 35, Tiny, in
1834. He was bom in Mackinaw. His father, Capt Charles Langlade,
was commandant at Wisconsin Portage in 1783. Another relative, Lieut
Langlade, was at Bennington, and drew 500 acres of land at Detroit,
under Lord Dorchester, in 1788. He had a family of eleven children.
The original Langlade house is still standing on McA vela's farm. (See
Angelique Langlade's Narrativa)
Langlade, Charles, jun., the grantee of Park lot No. 33, Tiny, in
1835. One son and two daughters are in Marquette, Mich.
Laxqlade, Dea or Dedier, inherited Park lot 35 from his father.
Lanqlade, Louise, became the wife of Joseph Restoul,in Duluth.
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160 ONTAEIO HISIOBICAL SOCIKTT.
Langlade. Piebbs, has deeoendaato living in Penefauagniahane.
Langlade, Adblaidi, mamed Joaaph Freeoori and is still living in
Penetangaishene, a widow with numerous descendants.
Langlade, Marguerite the 1st, became the second wife ot Qeoige
Gordon. She died in Tonmta
Langlade, Marguerite the 2nd, died in PenetangnishenB, un-
married.
Langlade, Angeuque, (see her Narrative).
Langlade, Charlotte, died in Penetanguishene.
Langlade, Katrine, the youngest, was bom and died in Pene-
tanguishene.
Langlade, Marguerite, a cousin, became the wife oi Charies Yas-
senr. She died at Ontonagon, Midi.
Langlois, Jean Baptiste, another form of the name Tianglade He
belonged to a distant branch of the Langlade family.
Laviolstte, Pisbbs, died in Marquette, Mich. Descendants live
there.
Leramonda, James, coast pilot, married a daughter of Wm. SoUxnon.
Lkramonda, Ouillbtte, son of Junes, also a coast pilot
LoRRiN, Therize, died aged 80, and was buried at Lafontaine.
Lemaibb, Anqelique.
Labiviebb, Joseph, returned to the " Sault."
LECRUTER, FRANCOia
Lecruter, Louise, became the wife of Joseph Qirouz. She is
buried at Lafontaine.
Lacombe, N.
Lacombb, Madeline, became the wife of Louis Langlade, after whose
death she married Leon Dusome. She is still living in Tiny. Her father
died on Drummond Island, after which her mother married Oliver La-
freniere, with whom she came to Penetanguishene.
Langtjlde, Louis, son of Charles, died in Penetanguishene.
Lamoureux, Charles, owned lot 15, con. 15, Tiny. He is still liv-
ing at Pine Point, 80 years old.
Lemire. Henrt Modeste, known only by the latter name. He was
small in stature and nick -named " Court k Pouce " (short in inches). He
left his wife and went to Cheboygan, Mich., where he died.
Lepine, Louis, came with the Larammee family. He settled on a
park lot in Tiny, part of McA vela's farm. He was buried at Lafontaine.
Lepine, Pierre, wrecked with his wife and child on the schooner
H<ick€tL He was buried at Lafontaine.
Lepine, Therise, daughter of Pierre, was wrecked on the schooner
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LIST OF THE DRUHMOND ISLAND VOTAGEUBS. JWl
HcuJcett, and with her mother duDg to the wreck till rescnedl^y tfae erew
next morning. She died in the Honee of Providence, Toronta
Lbpine, Fbancoise, daughter of Lonis, married Wm. Bawaon^CoId-
wafeer. She is still living at Girard Pen. Thomas Rawson, of €M-
water, is her son, and she has numeroos other descendants living at
Cioldwater and Qirard.
Lbpinx, Hxnrl
Legris, Josephine, became the second wife of Interpreter Solomon,
after whose death she married Tonssant Latard. A daughter is living
in Penetanguishene, Mrs. Charles Qendron.
Latard, Toussant, has a son Philip living at Byng Inlet
Messier, Joseph, of lot 15, con. 16, and lot 17, con 15, T^y. His
father was born in St Francis, Quebec, and went up with the liarlb-
West Company. He was closely connected with the DesAeaaoE fam-
ily. He built the second house in Lafontaine. His ancestors, Joseph
and Michael Messier, of Saint Michael, took the oath in 1772. Descend-
ants are still living in Tiny, and a grandson, Joseph Messier, Kji^eftM
Victoria Harbor.
MiNSiE, Joseph, obtained Park lot No. 20, Tiny, from Lovis Lacerte
m 1886.
Martin, Tontine, fisherman, settled at old Fort Ste. Marie, ^» like
Wye.
BIanqeon, Charles.
Nalon, Charles.
normandaine, joseph.
OoiER, Pierre, occupied the lot subsequently owned by the late
William Hoar, Tiny. He and Deschenauz traded wives, after which
they married.
Oreille, Benjamin, settled at old Fort Ste. Marie. He went to
the ''Sauit" and St Ignace.
Perrigeaut, Francois, settled on the lot now owned by AUen B.
McDonnell, Tiny. He also owned the lot where Payette's foundry
stands in Penetanguishene. He died in 1871.
Perrault, Charles, his grandfather went to Mackinaw in 1781
from Quebec
Perrault, Louise, married Qotfried Boyer. He has a son in
Midland.
Palladeau, J., from St. Joseph's Iskmd, settled near F. Dussaume's,
Tiny.
Parissien, Jacques, went to Waubaushene.
Paradis, Joseph, moved to Coldwater.
11
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16t ONTARIO HISTORICAL 80CIST7.
PAYvm, Louis, owned a lot near Payette's fonndiy, Penetan-
gaiebene.
Patette, Eas, married Eatoine LavUlee. He died in Owen
Sound.
Pboussi, Francis, went to Wanbanshene.
PuTom, Francois, settled at Oordim's Point
Pellktibr, Joseph. His descendants are still liying in liny.
Paqubttb, Ignacs, went to Si Ignace, Mich.
Paquetti, Louis, went to St Ignace also.
Prkcourt, AuGUsnN, carpenter, father and two sons lived on lot
16, con. 15, Tiny. He was boned at Lafontaine.
PRECOURT, Joseph. His descendants are living on a Park lot in the
Ordnance Reserve.
Prkcourt, Baptiste.
Precourt, Margukiute, married F. Bronelle, Tiny.
Parent, Sophie, married Lonis Rinideaa, who was poisoned. She
subsequently became the wife of William Cowan. She is buried at
Lafontaine.
PoMRERT, Cyril, the grantee of Park lot No. 12, Tiny, in 1835, and
of lot 16, con. 16, Tiny. He died, a^ed seventy-eight, and was buried at
Lafontaine.
Quebec, M., settled at old Fort Ste. Marie. He was a fine horse
rider. He was rendered almost blind from a lightning stroke, and died
at Bruce Mines.
Quebec, Louise, married Baptiste Belval, the* mail-carrier.
Rolland, Pierre, the grantee of park lot No. 22, Trny, in 1834.
Ross, Marie, became the wife of Joseph Boissonneau, St Joseph
Island.
Rondeau, Louis, settled at old Fort Ste. Marie. He died of
poisoning from eating a root of la carotte d moureau (wild parsnip),
which he found while planting potatoes. His wife took it from him,
but while she was absent preparing dinner he ate it, with fatal results.
He was buried in St. Ann's* Penetanguishene.
Restoul, Michael. His daughter became Mrs. John Michon, and
is still living in Tiny.
Restoul, William.
Restoul, Joseph.
Restoul, Francois.
Restoul, Pierre, was killed on Lake Nipissing in a fray by one
McKenzie.
Recolet, Johannah (widow).
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LIST OF THE DRUMHOND ISLAND VOTAQEUBa 168
Recolet, Joseph, the grantee of Park lot No. 39, Tiny, in 1834.
Rboolet, Antoine.
Reoolet, Francois.
Revol, D., boilt the second house in Penetangnishene, next to
Gordon's, on Water Street, on a lot owned by the late Alfred Thompecm,
and for some time occupied by Father Pronlx. He acted aa catechist
for the congr^i^tion of St Ann's in the early daya He retomed to
Montreal, where he died.
Rot, Joseph, the grantee of Park lot No. 1, Tiny, in 1832. His
father was bom in Quebec, descended from Joseph Roy, of Vincennes,
who took the oath in 1749. He returned to Bmoe Mines.
Rot, James.
. Rot, Qeorge.
Rot, Alexander.
Rushleau, Qeorge, is said to have been a Spaniard, though
married to a half-breed.
Rousseau, Jean Baptiste, was born in Montreal He and his
half-brother, Qeorge Qordon, went up to Fort William with the
HudAon's Bay Company as clerks, and then removed to Drnmmond
Idand, thence to Penetan^iruishene,. where he was clerk for Qordon, and
ranged the wilderness collecting f ors from the Indians. From him Lake
Rousseau, in Huskoka, received its name. He afterwards removed to
Kostawang, was sent as returning officer to Bruce Mines during the
Cumberland election, and died suddenly during the night. He was
buried at Kostawang, Si Joseph Island. His wife removed to the
" Sault,'* Mich., where she is still living, aged ninety.
RoussKAU, Charles, also was a clerk for his half-brother, Qordon,
and afterwards kept a store and post-office on St. Joseph Island. He
retume<i to Montreal, where he died. The Bousseaus and Qordons are
related by marriage to Madame Albani (Lajeunesse), the famous Canadian
songstrcHS.
Simpson, Marguerite, a Chippewa squaw, first wife of William
Simpson, trader, who was the grantee of Park lot No. 16, Tiny, in 1834.
She is buried behind the old store on Water Street.
St. Amand, Pierre, settled at Old Fort Ste. Marie. His descendants
are still living there.
St. Once, dit Latard, Joseph, married Katrine Vasseur, and went
to Newmarket
St. Onge, Madeune, married Antoine Laf reniere. She is buried
at Lafontaine.
Solomon, Wiluam, Qovemment interpreter (See the Narrative of
Louie). He died in Penetanguishene.
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164 ONTA&IO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Solomon, Sophie, married Benj. Doaanqiie. Their deaoendanto are
living in Tiny.
Solomon, Hxnbt, died at Eillamey, aged 80. He has a mm ai
St Joeeph.
Solomon, Ezekiel, the father of William, the interpreter. WilUam
also had a son by this name.
Solomon, Samuel, was with Admiral Bayfield in the old Recovery
doring the survey of the thirty thousand islands of Qeorgian Bay ixk
1822-5.
Solomon, Lisettb, married Louis Desaulniers. She is buried ai
Lafontaine.
Solomon, Rosette, married Jean Baptists Sylvestre. She is buried
in Penetanguishene in St Ann's cemetery. A daughter, Mrs. Belroee,.
lives in Penetanguishene.
Solomon, Anqeuque, married Thomas Landrigao, caretaker of the
naval store and magazine for the navy. She eloped with James Murphy
and went to Bruce Minea
Solomon, Marguerite, became the wife of Joseph Iieramonda.
Solomon, Jessie, became the wife of Charles Bousseau, then married
Colbert Amyot, and died at St Joseph Island. A son, Colbert^ is still
living there.
Solomon. Thaise, died in Penetanguishene, unmarried.
Solomon, Lewis, the youngest of eleven children, died at Victoria
Harbor, March 9th, 1900, and was buried in Midland. He has one son
in Tiny. (See his Narrative).
SiCARD, Francois, the grantee of Park lot No. 41, Tiny, in 1834.
He hanged himself near Bruce Mines. Mrs. Sicard was the first person
buried in St. Ann's cemetery, Penetanguishene.
Sicard, Simon, has a son, Benjamin, still living on the Tiny Reserve.
His ancestor* Sergeant Pierre Sicard, was at the siege of St John, and
drew two hundred acres of land at Riviere du Loup, Quebec, under
Carleton, in 1788.
SouuERE, Marguerite, came from the "Sault," married Louis
Chevrette, and died in Tiny. She was buried at Lafontaine.
SOULIERE, JoSEPHETTE.
Senecal. Pierre.
Sylvestre, Jean Baptiste, went up with the North- West C!ompany,
came to Penetanguishene and Newmarket in 1816. (See his son's
Narrative.)
Stlvestre, Jean Baptiste, jun., bom at Mackinaw, 1813 ; had
three sons and four daughters. The sons were, Louis, drowned at the
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LIST OF THS DBUMMOND ISLAND VOTAGEURS. 165
^Sanlt;** Alexander, drowned near the Reformatory, Penetangnishene ;
and Henry, supposed to be in the Klondike The daughters were : Mary,
who became the wife of Capt Allen ; Rose, who beeajne Mr& Langlade
and died in French River ; Sophia, who became Mrs. Tmdeaoz ; and
An^i^qne, who became Mrs. Belrose, of Penetangoishene. He is still
living at Byng Inlet (See his Narrative.)
Thibault, Joskph, the grantee of lot 16, concession 16, Tiny, part
of Louis Deschenaux'.
Thibault, Pikbrk, settled at old Fort Ste. Marie, but subsequently
moved to Neddy McDonald's farm. Tiny, and gave the name to
Thibault's (or Tebo's) Lake (now dry) near Penetanguishene. It was a
considerable body of water, which at one time occupied parts of the
McDonald, Columbus and Quigley farma Afterward he moved to
Saolt Ste. Marie.
Thibault, Jnux, wife of Pierre, and mother of fifteen children,
died at the *' Sault,** aged over one hundred.
Thibault, Julie, daughter of Pierre, married Joseph Craddock.
She died in Coldwater.
Thibault. E atbins, married Joseph. Payment at the '* Sauli"
Thibault, Constancx, married Charles Beron of the " Sault"
Thibault, Habriit, married Joachim Beron ot the ''Sault^** brother
of the preceding.
Thibault, Scholastique, married James Quigley, medalist and
pensioner.
Thibault, Fannt, married Henry Solomon of the " Saulf*
Thibault, Pierre, went to the United States and enlisted in the
American Civil War.
Thibault, Joseph^ was clerk for toader Simpson, but absocmded
for embezzlement.
Thibidault, M.
Trudeaux, Jean Baptiste, blacksmith in the navy, settied on a
Park lot in Tiny Reserve, and gave the name to "Trudeaux Point"
He went to Lake Simcoe, but returned. Has two sons, Antoine, living
on Tiny Reserve, and EustMihe, living at Byng Inlet ; also one dMghter,
Angelique, married to Jean Baptiste Contan, living at La Crosse, Wis.,
besides several grandsons living in Tiny.
Taupier, Francoise (widow), grantee of Park lot No. S, Tiny,
in 1834.
Taupier, Andrew.
Yarnac, James, went to Lake Simcoe.
Yasseur, Andrew, of lot 84, concession 1, Tiny, went to Bruce
Mines, and is buried there.
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166 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Vasssur, Louis, once owned part of the lot <m which Lafontaine
church stands, and is said to be buried there, but it is uncertain.
Vasseur, Jacques, was shot by an Indian at Pinery Point. He
asked the Indian to shake hands with him, and while reaching for his
hatchet with the other hand discovered his arm was broken. He is
buried on the Gidley farm.
Vasheur, Joseph, was buried on the Qidley farm.
Vasseur, Baptists.
Vasseur, Charles, the grantee of Park lot No. 6, Tiny, in 1834
He was born at St Maurice, Quebec, served with the " Voltigeurs," then
went west with the Hudson's Bay Company. He joined the British
forces and was at the capture of Mackinaw in 1812. There were six
brothers and all went to Mackinaw and followed the British to
Drummond Island, thence to Penetanguishene. While at Mackinaw
Charles married a young half-breed woman, named Marguerite Langlade,
a near relative of the famous Captain Langlade and cousin of tiie
Langlades of Tiny. Charles and several others, under Captain James
Darling, walked all the way to Toronto and back during the Rebellion
of 1837. He brought the first cow and the first yoke of oxen ever
used in Penetanguishene from Oeorgina, around by Point Mara, the
" Narrows " (Orillia) and Coldwater, thence home ; the latter portion of
the way being only an Indian trail so narrow and bad that he often had
to carry the yoke on his shoulders and drive the animals ahead in single
file. His mother visited Penetanguishene twice while living at
Mackinaw, after which she moved to Green Bay,' Wis., where she died
Charles was drowned near Manitoulin Island, where his remains are
buried. His wife died at Ontonagon, Mich., where his son Louis still
lives. He had a family of fifteen children, only the two eldest having
been bom on Drummond Island. I gleaned these reminiscences from
his son, Paul, living in Penetanguishene, who claims that his father had
a medal won fighting for the British, but that it has been lost
Vasseur.. Charles, jun., married Miss Vallee. He has a daughter
living at Byng Inlet.
Vasseur, Marguerite, was buried on the Qidley farm.
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FATHER MARQUETTE.
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167
PORTRAIT OF FATHER MARQUETTE
In September, 1896, Mr. Donald Guthrie McNab, artist, of this city,
when passing alon^ Little Si James Street, Montreal, observed what
looked like a picture panel projecting from amidst a quantity of odds
and ends of lumber that formed the load of a push-cart managed by
two lads. Mr. McNab, with artistic instinct, thought there might be
something on this panel worth saving, although there was nothing
visible to suggest such a probability. On the strength of this supposi-
tion he purchased the panel, which measures about 14 x 20 inches, and
brought it to Toronto. Regarding the place whence the boys procured
their load, nothing could be ascertained except that the material was
from an old house then being demolished.
For fully three years the panel lay untouched, but in the fall of
1899 Mr. McNab began the work of removing the numerous coats of
varnish and deposits of dust that rendered any possible picture more
than obscure.
After long-continued effort, and the use of all the devices known in
the art of restoring pictures, he was delighted to see growing beneath
his hand an exceedingly well-painted portrait of a fine-looking man.
On the back of the panel was a large clot of tar, from a quarter of
an inch to an inch in thickness, the removal of which revealed, in deeply-
cut letters, the words
"P6re Marquette."
This was encouraging, and further careful manipulation resulted in
bringing out on the face of the panel and along its upper edge, in r^
letters and very indistinctly, the legend : " Marquette De 1 C . . f rerie d '. .
I . 's . " and to the right « R. Roos, 1669."
Under the carved name may be discerned faintly " L . Chretien
Mission . . , " below which appear several imperfect letters, and on a third
line what looks like a long Indian name, beginning with " O . . n " and
ending with " ais."
As far as is known this is the only portrait of Marquette in exist-
ence, and we have to thank Mr. McNab for the privilege of reproducing
it for the first time in this form for the benefit of Ontario Historical
Society members.
We are also deeply obliged to him for his generous offer to present
the Society with an oil copy, by himself, of this extremely valuable
portrait which, but for his thoughtfulness and skill, would not now be
in existence. t
David Boyle.
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168 ONTARIO HISTORICAL 80CIETT.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF DAVID BARKER, A UNITED
EMPIRE LOYALIST.
BT JOHN & BARKIB.
David Barker, the subject of this sketch, was bom in Rhode Uaiid
in 1782, being the youngest child of James Barker and Elizabetii Tuckw,
of £hat New England colony, and the youngest of ten children — six boys
and four girls. His parents belonged to the Society of Friends, as weU
m his grandfather, who married Elizabeth Eaton, to whom were bom
eight children. David Barker married 11th March, 1762, Lydia Shove,
a daughter of Samuel Shove. They lived at or near Newport, RL, until
Dioe children had been bom unto them ; then they, in 1780, removed to
PTew York, Dutchess CJounty, within six miles of Poughkeepsie, to what is
called the Mitchell farm ; here two more children were bom, namely,
Abraham and Lydia. On the 16th June, 1784, they reached Adolphus-
town, in Canada, where their last child Caleb was bom in 1786, making
a fotial of twelve children.
The principal incident or incidents of his life in causing his removal
from his last abiding place were, first, being a Friend he was a non-com-
Miant, and on the 17th April, 1783, he was waylaid while returning
homeward on his favorite palfry, by the ragged tn^pers of Washington's
freebootera He saw them in the distance approaching, and knew
tliQ ebnseqrvienoe might be what had resulted to others in similar eircum-
^Ussoes. Oifl^ meeting, he was halted and ordered to dismount His sleek
clurger was taken from him, with saddle and saddlecloth, etc Also,
when that was done he was ordered to strip ; his coats, vest and knee
Bl'^Sches being substituted, and distributed among the three for some of
tttsir fUgft mti tatters, and the poorest horse was considerately otBeni
ksMtto^gek komd with, which was accepted as of course. But at tfasit
midnight he was at the stables, where some forty head of hones
n^flM teAefed, and a low sound of his voice was recognized by his hone
i>>i!li'<!j lH»' Mood' at the end of the line. The return exchange was speeifily
■Mfo, the h6tm delighted to take his master home no doubt; but this
was not the end of it. He was pursued the next morning by a relief
pitMy, wfto wiuitad to hang him for stealing his own horse. He kept in
Mdhag for 4^iraf days, when, happily, peace was declared. But the atti-
iity towards even a non-combatant in those times could hardly be
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BACK OF MARQUETTE PORTRAIT PANEL.
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A BRIEF HISTOBY OF DAVID BARKER. 169
borne, when it is known and boasted of to-day, and shown the chnrch in
Fishkill village where such were imprisoned, to make up their minds to
either join the rebellious party, or take a horsewhipping and be let go.
The tree with the stapled ring is pointed out near-by the church, at
which many took the dressing rather than go back upon their principles.
The property of David Barker was confiscated in the belief he had
sold some fat cattle to British forces. In after years some of his
sons, Samuel Shove and David Barker, jun., located Barkerville, near
Saratoga. The youngest son, Caleb, that was born at Barker's Point on
the Bay of Quinte, became in after years a successful merchant and the
president of the bank at Poughkeepsie, N.Y. All his girls, whether then
married or unmarried, he assisted by giving them farms in the county
of Prince Edward. His son Edward, who had married Mary Casey in
Rhode Island, settled near him at Barker's Point, now known as Thomp-
Bon's, and had a licensed ferry to the Prince Edward shore. Lydia
Shove Barker died in 1804 ; Edward, her son, died in 1820 ; and the
husband and father in 1821. Their bodies lie in the old meetiag-house
graveyard, unmarked, except by a red cedi^ post at the grave of the
father, and where, in the picture taken by County Judge Merrill, his
great grands(m, John S. Barker, stands like a hewn statue at the head
of the grave. The branches of the family possess some few relics : his
favorite arm-chair and the lady's saddle are in Toronto ; a few dishes of
an ancient pattern and a pewter platter are in Napanee; and some bricks
of the first chimney of the first house in the wilderness are at Picton. The
house at the Point, carriage-house and bams, are as they were one hun-
dred years ago, and are often a point of pilgrimage of the family having
historic interest in the same. Their descendants in the county of Prince
Edward are many, and it used to be told the late David Barker Steven-
son, M.PJ^., of the Canadian Parliament, that it was due to his relatives
that he was elected ; but he was really beloved by all classes, holding
that respect few can hold to-day as a man who lived for the good of the
county alone. .
Family Record.
Bkiht.
Dayw Babkbk was bom the sixteenth day of aerenth month, old style, seven-
teen handled and thirty-two.
Ltdia Shovb was bom the fourth day of twelfth month, seventeen handled and
f or^-three* old style.
DAvm Babkbk and Ltdia Shovb was married the eleventh day of third mcmth
seventeen hundred and sixty-two.
Savubl S. Bakkbk, our first SMi, was bom the eighth day of tenth months ItF6&
Asa Babkbk, our second son, was bom the fourth day of first month, 1766.
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170 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
Edward BjUikbe, oar third son, was bom the seTenteenth day of eleventh
month, 1766.
David Babkbr, our fourth son, was bom the nineteenth day of ninth month, 1768.
Ph<ebb Ba&kbr, our first daughter, was bom the twenty-sixth day of first
month, 1770.
Jambs Babkbb, our fifth son, was bom the tenth day of eighth month, 1772.
Elizabbth Babbbb, our second daughter, was bom the eighth day of seventh
month, 1774.
Sarah Babkbb, our third daughter, was bom the first day of twelfth month, 1776.
Rebekah, our fourth daughter, was bom the first day of eighth month, 1779.
Abraham Barker, our sixth son, was bom the fifth day of eighth month, 178L
Ltdia Barker, our fifth daughter, was bom the sixteenth day of tenth
month, 1783.
Caleb Barker, our seventh son, was bom the fourth day of ninth month, 17S6.
Deatlis.
Lydia Shove Barker departed this life the tenth day of seventh month, about
the sixth hour in the afternoon, 1804. Aged 61 years 7 months and 26 days.
David Barker departed this life the seventh day of first month, 1821. Aged
88 years 5 months and 21 days.
Edward Barker, their son, departed this life the twenty -ninth day of sereDlb
month, 1820. Aged 53 years 8 months and 12 days.
These three above departed are the only ones ef the family buried in the
Adolplmstown Friends* meeting-house yard.
J. S. Barker,
Grandchild of Jatnes Barker and son of Joseph Barker,
THE OLD "BRAGH," OR HAND MILL.*
Peter McKellar, the constructor of the old " Bragh," shown at the
Colonial and Indian Exhibition at South Kensington, London, England,
and now in the Ontario Provincial Museum, was bom in Inverary,
Argyleshire, Scotland, in 1784.
He was the third of a family of six sons and one daughter, and at
an early period of his life found it necessary to contribute to his own
support, and commenced his career as a herd boy ; after serving in that
capacity for six years he engaged as shepherd, and continued in thai
*Thi8 aomewhat discursive article was forwarded hj Mr. McKellar when hepreeonted
the " hragh" to the museum, in 18S6. The ohject in question seems to form but a peg
on which to bang a good many other things having scarcely any connection with the stone,
but as these relate to an interesting time and settlement, and as Mr. McKellar hims^ was
for many years a prominent and popular citizen of Ontario, his remarks will, no doubt, i
with acceptance on the part of all our members.— D. B.
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THE OLD ''BRAGH,'' OR HAKD MILL. 171
service until he had grown to manhood, and married a yonng woman,
named Flora McNab, a native of the Island of Islay.
During this period he developed a marked talent for mechanics, and
in spite of the difSculty he experienced in procuring wood or other
material for his work, he contrived to make with his own hand all the
chairs, tables and other furniture required for his little cottage; and
also made a violin, after the pattern of one lent him for the purpose,
which judges pronounced to be equal in tone and finish to the original.
After his marriage he reluctantly gave up his free life on the hills
and settled in his cottage at Glenshera (about three miles from Inverary
Castle), where he was employed on one of the Duke's farms, called
" Mam,"* then occupied by one John Turner.
After remaining six years on this farm he decided to emigrate to
America, this step being hastened by his feeling the want of independence
in his position, and a longing to be master of his own actions and owner
of the land he worked.
His wife, a woman of uncommon spirit and energy, to whom he
had related one particular instance of interference with his movements,
which had greatly incensed him, encouraged him to carry his plan into
effect, promising that she would be ready to accompany him in a week
wherever he chose to go. In less than four weeks a party of twelve
persons sailed from Qreenock to Quebec, to seek a home and independence
in the backwoods of Canada.
The party leaving the Highlands at that time consisted of Peter
McEellar, his wife and infant son (now the Hon. Archibald McEellar,
writer of this sketch); Alexander McNab and his wife (father and
mother of Mrs. Peter McEellar), with their son Duncan, since dead, and
his daughter Margaret, who died on their arrival at Queenstown, and
Mary, mother of Alexander McLaren, of Caledon, County of Peel ; John
McDugald and his wife, Sarah Campbell, who were married the day
before they sailed, they were the parents of the late Peter McDugald,
for many years the highly-esteemed Mayor of Oakville, and of Malcolm
McDugald, now the efficient Chief of Police at Niagara Falls.
This party sailed for the new world on the last day of April, 1817,
and after a tedious though safe passage of nine weeks they arrived at
Quebec. Among all the improvements that have been made within the
last sixty years few are more to be prized than those affecting our
travelling convenience. What would that band of travel-wearied
emigrants have thought if they could have foreseen that within the lives
of most of their number the voyage across the Atlantic would be made
* Small as this word is, it is not plain, and may be ** Maen." — D. B.
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172 ONTARIO HISTORICAL 80CIETT.
in one week, or leas, and that on reaehini; Quebec they conld proeeed
westward by rail at much the same rate of speed ?
Perhaps it was as well for them that they could not look forward,
or it mii^ht have made them feel discontented with the only means of
locomotion then available, which was a small sloop, that would cany
them as far as Montreal, where they were obliged to take the primitive
carts made of wood, and entirely without iron in their construction,
drawn by French ponies, whose harness was also devoid of metal of any
description. These carts are still to be seen among the habitants of the
Lower St Lawrence, who are very slow in adopting new ideas. In these
carts, over a road as destitute of iron as the conveyances, the traveUers
proceeded as far as Lachine, a distance of some nine miles, when they
again embarked on a small sloop, which took them as far as the St.
Lawrence rapids, where they were transferred to a bateau, a long, open
boat drawn up the rapids by oxen, or sometimes by horses. The steering
of these bateaux required a skilful and experienced man at the helm,
and were the only craft that could with any safety navigate these rapids
at .that time. The vessel must be kept exactly in line with the current,
otherwise the rushing, white-capped waters will press heavier on one
side of the bow than the other, making the vessel swing round, and
down the stream she goes, it may be two or three miles, before she is
recovered. Our party had more than one adventure of this kind to add
to their store of travellers' tales.
To save the oxen or horses from being drawn into the rapids and
drowned, when the accident just described takes place, a man is always
stationed in the bow with an axe ready to cut the rope by which they
are attached as soon as he sees that the boat has become unmanageable.
On reaching Kingston at the east end of Lake Ontuio, the
bateaux were exchanged for a small schooner, and by slow and easy
stages the party arrived at the town of York, better known then as
'* Muddy little York," but now the large and beautiful city of T<m>nto,
the Queen City of the Dominion of Canada, foremost in churches, educa-
tional and charitaUe instituticms, the seat of the Local Legislature, and of
the courts of law. Leader of the commerce of the west^ and rich in the
wealth such commerce gives, she is, indeed, a " Queen City," and <Hie
thait every Canadian should be proud of.
After spendii^ a few days in York the traveUers made up their
minds to push on to the Talbot settlement, in what is now the county
of Elgin, where they were told that lands were given free to actual
settlers, and to^make that their final destination. But how to get- there
was the question ; roads there were none ; where the thriving and hand-
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THE OLD ''BRAGH," OR HAND MILL. 173
some city of Hamilton now stands there were a few little hamlets, but
few settlers west of that. The site on which the city of London now
stands was not yet surveyed, and west of that to the Detroit River was
almost, if not altogether, a wilderness.
They were advised to cross the lake from York to Qaeenston on the
Niagara River, then the western limit of Ontario's civilization. Follow-
ing this advice they reached Queenston in safety, and here it was
determined to leave the women of the party with the one child — for-
tunately there was only one— while the men started on foot, following
an Indian trail, to find the Talbot settlement.
They passed through the site of the now flourishing city of St
Thomas, but there was no St. Thomas then, the spot was a wilderness;
they pushed on through the townships of Southwold, Dunwich and part
of Aldboro', still on the Indian trail. In Aldboro*, to their great joy and
surprise, they came upon a little colony of Highlanders, who had settled
there the previous year, 1816.
These people had come out to America in 1812, and had remained in
Caledonia, a Highland colony in the State of New York, twenty miles
south of Rochester, till 1815, when the War of 1812 being ended, they
came to Aldboro*, where our party so unexpectedly found them. The
names of this colony were Alexander Forbes, wife and family ; Donald
McEwin, wife and family; Neil Haggart, wife and family; Arch.
Gillies, wife and family ; his brother John, unmarried, with mother and
two sisters ; Lachlan McDougall, then immarried, afterwards father of
Colin McDougall, Esq., Q.C., barrister, St. Thomaa
The settlers made the new arrivals their guests and gave them a
true, Highland welcome. They had brought a piper with them, and a
supply of whiskey from the States, and the eflect of these stimulants
on the party generally was manifested in the reels, strathspeys and
other dances with which they entertained themselves for two days and
a good share of the nights also, the dancers snapping their fingers and
throwing up their heels, while the master of ceremonies looked on
admiringly, now and then calling out, " Weel dune. Cutty Sark."*
After two days of these festivities the exploring party pressed on
to see the land, and went as far as Rondeau, a bay on Lake Erie, ex-
tending the whole length of the township of Harwich, a distance of ten
milea From the Rondeau the party returned to Aidboro' and decided
to settle there, the great attraction being the hiUs and the fellow-
oountrymen they had found there. Having made up their minds to
remain, the next step was to see Colonel Talbot, who had the granting
* The Sheriff*8 knowledge of Lowland Soots was not very good.— D. B.
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174 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
of the laud, and to hav^e their names entered for the lots they had
selected.
I shall now di^^ress from the main subject of my sketch and explain
to the reader who Colonel Talbot was, and by what means he had
obtained the control of this extensive and valuable tract of land ; with-
out such explanation this narrative would be incomplete.
In 1786-87 the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland had two aides-de-camp,
one of whom was destined to play a prominent part on the battlefields
of Europe, and the other in the settlement of the forests of Canada.
The first of these were Arthur Wellesley, afterwards Duke of Wel-
lington, the other Thomas Talbot, bom at the old baronial castle of
Malahide, County Dublin, Ireland. As was usual with the sons of
noblemen in Great Britain, young Talbot was early provided with a
commission in the army, and in 1790 was sent to Quebec with his la-
ment, the 24th. The following year he became attached to the staff of
General Graves Simooe, the first lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada.
While in this capacity Colonel Talbot became acquainted with the
fertile and picturesque belt of country along Lake Erie, and for reasons
not generally known he decided to leave the army, and turning his
back on the Old World, with all its comforts and civilization, to found a
colony in the New World, in the far west, as yet but little known except
to the Indiana
Governor Simooe seems to have had a warm interest in young
Talbot, and after his retirement from the Lieutenant-Governorship of
Upper Canada and return to England, he used his influence in favor of
his prot^g^ with Lord Hobart, then Secretary to the Colonies. On tiie
11th of Februcury, 1803, Gbvemor Simooe wrote to the Colonial Secre-
tary advising that it was "judged expedient by myself, Mr. Chief Jns-
tise Osgoode and other confidential officers of the Crown in that Colony
to extend the provisions to any officer of character who, bona fide^
should become an actual settler there." " I should have thought him
(Colonel Talbot) a most eligible acquisition to the province, and on this
public ground, without hesitation, would have granted him 5,000 acres
on the principal already laid down and acted upon. This is the first
part of Colonel Talbot's request ; the second is that these 6,000 acres
may be granted in the township of Yarmouth on Lake Erie, and that
the remainder of that township may be reserved for such a period as
may be considered advisable to Government for the purpose of his
settling it on the following specific plan, namely : that 200 acres shall be
allotted to him for every family he shall establish thereon ; 50 acres to
be granted to each family in perpetuity, and the remaining 150 acres of
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THE OLD "BRAGH/' Ott HAND MILL. 175
each lot to become his (Colonel Talbot's) property, in return for the
expense and trouble of collecting and locating these settlera"
The grants were made in accordance with these requests, and such
additions were afterwards made to them that they covered in all about
twenty- eight townships, with 618,000 acres of land.
Having said this much in explanation of Colonel Talbot's position,
we shall now return to Aldboro*, where our Highland settlers were
selecting their lots of 50 acres each, after which they repaired to Colonel
Talbot's house to find him and have their names entered on the map,
each on the lot he had selected.
The party cdhsisted of five persons, and in that one case we see
how Colonel Talbot, without any " trouble or expense in selecting or
locating the settlers," added 750 acres to his 5,000 grant of the finest
land of our fertile Ontario. Oh, for such a land agency now ! ! Would
that I could exchange a shrievalty for it.
The spot for their new home being chosen and their names recorded
on the map, the little band returned to Queenston, still on foot, to bring
their wives and such luggage as had been left there, for which purpose
they engaged two ox teams and large waggons, into which they man-
aged to pack their property, and with some of the men as an advance
guard, armed with axes to chop down saplings, remove old logs and
underbrush and other obstacles in the road of the baggage train coming
behind with the cow-catchers on the front.
Sometimes this party of amateur engineers had to make temporary
bridges over which this freight train could pass, and in this way, after
two weeks' hard work, they reached the 16-Mile Creek in Aldboro', the
end of their journey.
The month of October was now well advanced, just six months from
their departure from Scotland, and with a Canadian winter so close at
hand it was of the utmost importance that the work of building some
sort of habitation should be commenced at once, and two log-houses — my
father's and one other — were in habitable condition by the 1st of January,
1818. Meanwhile the new-comers had been distributed among the
earlier settlers, with whom all remained during the winter, excepting
those fortunate enough to finish their houses.
In the winter all the men were at work chopping and clearing a
8{>ot to begin planting in the spring ; the only means of doing this was
by burning the brush in heaps and gathering together the logs, which
-were cut in lengths of from twelve to sixteen feet, and also burned.
In this way each lot had one or two acres cleared by the spring,
ready to put in com or potatoes ; but the great difficulty that presented
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176 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCI£TT.
itself now was where to get their seed. The settlers of 1816 had raised
barely enough for their own use and had nothing to spare, so again the
men had to travel throogh the bosh, a distance of nearly twenty miles^
to the nearest settlement to purchase grain for food, and com and
potatoes to plant, all of which they carried home on their backa In
this way they managed to get their little plots planted, but as they must
wait until the autumn for a return, they had to bend their shoulders
again and again to bring the necessary food for their use bom the
same distant settlement.
The manner of preparing the grain for food was very primitive, it
merely being pounded in a wooden mortar to separate it from the outer
shell or bran. This rude sketch* may give some idea of the mortar,
though considerable exercise of the imagination will still be needed. I
confess that I could more easily construct one than draw a picture <^ it
The wheat was then boiled and eaten. Such was the food, and such
were the trials of the early settlers of the province, the pioneers who
smoothed the way for those who came after them, and who are dis-
couraged and consider themselves martyrs with not a hundredth part of
the hardships experienced by their stout-hearted predecessors — ^I allude
to the emigrants of more recent date, not to the descendants of the
earlier ones.
This brings us at last to the old " Bragh."
The want of a more effectual means of grinding the grain was
sorely felt, and when late in 1818, or in the beginning of 1819, a stcme-
mason came to the little settlement, bringing with*him a complete set of
tools of his trade, Peter McKellar, my father, who, as I have already
said, possessed great mechanical talents, thought he saw the way to
supply the need. (The name of this mason was Menzies, his son-in-law.
Squire George Munro, of Aldboro', still lives, highly respected and
widely known).
There was no steam in those days and no water mill or water
power convenient to run one, therefore, my father undertook to build a
hand mill, or " Bragh," as it is more correctly and euphoniously called
in the original as spoken by Adam and Eve. A laige granite boulder
was found near Menzies' home, close to Talbot Street, on lot A, No. 1, in
the township of Aldboro', at the top of the Fifty-two-mile Creek, close to
the county line between Elgin and Kent, and also near the town line
between Aldboro' and Oxford.
From this boulder my father and Menzies made the Bragh stones,
the former fitting them into the frame early in 1819 — just as they
appeared when shipped to the Colonial Exhibition in Biitain in March,
• Here the Sheriff gave a very rude drawing. — D.B.
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THE OLD ''BRAQH/' OB HAND MILL. 177
1886. The mill, when completed, was set up in my father's house, and
there was in constant use for some years by the whole setilemeni*
I can well remember seeing the big» strong Highlandmen comisg
in at evening after their day's work in the field — if a name so suggesti^ie
of agricultural improvement can be applied to so rough a clearing, whwe^
they had probably been burning under-brush, logs, or any other rubbitli
which interfered with their planting the seed.
Each would come with his little sack of grist, which in his turn be
would grind and then return to his home, often two or three miita
distant, and there close his day's toil exactly as Bums has described in
his '* Cotter's Saturday Night," that immortal poem so dear to every
Scottish heart. When I look back to those days and recall the atmos-
phere of simplicity, * honesty, frugality and heart- felt piety whieb
surrounded me, I thank God that my lot was cast among such men, the
influence of whose life and conversation has followed me all my days.
If it were possible to live my life over again, with all its joys and
sorrows, I would choose, were I permitted, to begin my career once moiw
among such scenes, rather than in a palace surrounded by the vanities
and temptations of wealth, and where mammon was worshipped more
than God.
The encouraging accounts sent by the settlers of 1816 and 1817 to
their friends in the Highlands brought large accession to their numbers.
In 1818 thirty-six families direct from the Highlands settled in Aldboro',
of whom were Archibald Munro and his wife, with three sons and tw4>
daughters ; of the sons, George and Archibald are still living, Malcolm
and the two daughters dead.
In 1819 thirty-two more families were added to the settlement, but
as Colonel Talbot had ceased to grant fifty acres free to each male member
of a family over sixteen years of age as formerly, many of them pushed
on to Lobo, a township in the county of Middlesex, twelve or fifteen
miles from London.
These new-comers cut their way through an unbroken forest to the*
Longwoods road — a military road — a distance of twelve miles. The
children of these families are now among the wealthy residents of Lobo.
The increased population of the Aldboro' settlement now made it
* There ib reasoa to believe that Mr. McKellar's memory was slightly at (aolt here^
The first bragh is oonsiderably smaller and more primitive in character than this one. The
upper stone is of lees diameter than the lower stone, and both are held together by a stoot
bolt throiigh their centres. The head of the bolt forms an eye an inch, and a half ia-
diameter, through which a handspike might be passed when the bragh was carried from-
farm to farm. This bragh is also in the museam, as is the upper stone of another, used iu
Elgin in the early days.— D. B.
12
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178 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIXTY.
necesBaiy that some more expeditious mode of grinding the grain should
be fbond than that afforded by onr old '"Bragh," and in 1819, Cokmel
Talbot^ who had heard of my father's mechanical talents, sent for him
and UAd him that there was a small water mill on the Talbot Creek
where he lived, he had built it in 1807 for the convenience of the few
settlers on the lake shore, but during the war of 1812 it had been burnt
by the Americans ; he had no intention of rebuilding it, but if my father
would builda mill on the Sixteen-mile Creek, near his own fifty acres, he
might have the iron and any part of the machinery of the burnt mill
that he could make use of as a gift, with another fifty acres of land
(this was a verbal promise), the offer was accepted, but never fulfilled,
and once more old Mr. Menzies and my father were on the granite
boulder hewing out a pair of mill stones between three and four feet in
diameter, which stones were completed and ready for work before the
dose of the year.
In 1820 the new water mill, partly constructed from the bnm£ mill
built by Colonel Talbot in 1807, was in operation, and for seventeen
years did the grinding for the settlers for upwards of ten miles in all
direcUona The Sixteen-mile Creek, not being a living stream, but beii^
dependent for its waters upon the spring and fall rains, the grinding for
the year had to be done between December and the June following, and
it was necessary to run the mill day and night during the three spring
months in order to provide a supply of flour and meal to last until the
rains in the autumn.
I have known my father, during this bu^ season, rise at one or two
in the morning on Monday, and never shut down or leave the mill until
nine o'clock on Saturday night, having his meals taken to him, and
taking the necessary sleep on the bags of grist that were ground ; and
hard as his powers of endurance were tried, his health was in no way
impaired by it. There was neither surgeon nor physician within fifty
miles of the settlement during the first fifteen years after my father
settled in Aldboro', and in a new, hilly country there were, as might be
supposed, many accidents in chopping and logging.
Logging means drawing sections of trees from twelve to sixteen
feet in length to some place where they can be piled in a heap to be
burnt, or to a site where a house is to be constructed of them.
The logs are fastened with a chain and drawn by oxen, and with such
primitive appliances for the moving these unwieldy building materials,
it is little wonder that many serious, and sometimes fatal, aoddenU
occurred.
John McDougald, who came out with my father, and who with his
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THS OLD ''BBAGfi/' OB HAND MILL. 179
young wife, Sarah Campbell, had settled od the adjoining farm, was the
first of the
[Here a page of MS. is miaaing. It is, therefore, uncertain whether what
immediat^y follows has any connection with what inunediately precedes the last
page.— D. B.]
had his leg broken between the knee and the hip. Shortly before this
a doctor had settled in the township and he was called in and set the
'broken thigh, that being the only injury he discovered.
The man continued to suffer great pain, which the doctor attributed
•entirely to the fracture, but as no improvement took place the friends
sent to ask my father to come and see what he co\ild do. This he
refused, saying, that as a regularly licensed doctor had the case he could
not interfera But in tii^ o days after, the doctor himself came and begged
my father to accompany him and assist him in making an examination
of his patient, which he consented to do, and to the chagrin of the
medical man discovered that, in addition to the broken thigh, there was
a dislocation of the hip-joint on the other side, this my father undertook
to get into its place, with the assistance of two men, who gently drew
the leg until he could push the joint into the socket.
In a few minutes all was successfully done, and that leg in a few
^weeks was as sound as ever, but the one set by the doctor was badly set
and was two or three inches shorter than the other, leaving the mcui
lame for life.
In 1836 my father disposed of the mill and his other property in
Aldboro', and purchased a five-hundred-acre farm on the banks of the
river Thames, three miles west from the town of Chatham, township of
Raleigh, County of Kent, upon which he settled with his family in 1837,
having lived in the old Aldboro' homestead for twenty years. In this
new home, to which was given the name of " Walnut Grove," he lived in
prosperity and comfort until his death on the 18th of January, 1861,
aged seventy-seven years.
Abchd. McEellar,
Sheriff, County Wentworth.
Hamilton, May 3rd, 1886.
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180 ONTABIO mSTOBICAL SOaETT.
THE ETHNOGRAPHICAL ELEMENTS OF ONTARIO.
\TbiB article was prepared in the line of the iiiTestigataoiifl of the Ooamiittee
appointed by the BritiBh Aasoeiation to organize an Ethnologieal Sunrey of Oanada.]
It has often been observed tbat in Ontario, as well as in almost
every other new colony, the early settlers located, as a role, in groups
or dusters according to nationality or religions creed. In the coarse of
a joomey through the province one comes upon groups of English,
Scots, Irish, French, Germans, etc The particular nationality or creed
in each case determines the characteristic traits of the group — ^traits whidi
persist through several generations, notwithstanding the levelling tend-
encies of modem life.
The following lists give, by counties, such settlements or gronps of
the original rural population of Ontario as can be set down in tabular
form. The urban portion of our population is too mixed to be amenaUe
to analysis of this kind ; the only observable law in this case is that the
population of each town or city is mainly recruited from the rural dis-
tricts in its neighborhood.
It has been deemed advisable to adopt the old division of the frontier
portion of the province into eleven districts, because it was the division
in use during the first half of the nineteenth century, a period in whidi
the number of immigrants was very large. It is, accordingly, the scheme
of division found in tables of statistics of that period, many of which
will be useful in connection with this inquiry. Following this scheme
of division the population of Ontario for the years 1817 and 1825 is given
as follows:
1817. 1825.
District (Oaurlay.^) (FothergilL)
Eastern 12.700 16,524
OtUwa 1,500 2,580
Bathurst 10,309
Johnstown 9,200 15,266
Midland 14,863 27.316
Newcastle 5,000 9,966
Home 7,700 17,942
Gore 6.684 14,225
Niagara 12,548 19,090
London 8,907 17,351
Western 4,168 7,162
Total 83,950 157,781
• '•GourUy't Sutiatics." Vol. I., p. 139.
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T^ STHHOQRAPHICAL SLSXSNTS OP ONTARIO. 181
The portioa of the province not) ind^ided ia the above scheme of
division is divided into eight districts: Haliburton, Muskoka, Parry
Sound, Nipissing, Algoma, Manitoulin isliuid, Thunder Bay and Rainy
River.
The list of settlers for the Eastern District is first given, and those
for the other districts follow in order proceeding westward, because in a
general way the order of settlement was from east to west. For geo-
graphical reasons it was natural that the east should contain the oldest
settlement, though the frontier at Niagara was occupied almost as soon
as the eafit.
In this province, as elsewhere, names of political and religious sig-
nificance are often the most convenient for the designation of the various
groupa
Absolute accuracy is not claimed for the numbers and locations of
these groups. The lists, however, are substantially correct, except that
in some cases they may be incomplete. The date of settlement is some-
times given approximately, and sometimes there is given an approxima-
tion to the number of original families in each group.
Societies for the study of local history, as well as individuals, can
accomplish good work by making additions to these lists, by furnishing
accurate dates of settlement and the numbers of families in the various
groups. The compiler will be pleased to receive such amendments from
anyone who will take the trouble to write to him.
Besides the groups given in the schedules many localities were
wholly or partially settled by migrations from earlier occupied parts of
the province.
In the counties of Victoria, Ontario, Simcoe, York, Wellington,
Waterloo and Oxford (in other words, the central portion of the province),
the population is very complex, including not only many nationalities
and creeds, but also differing widely as to their race origin. If I may
be permitted to express an opinion of the relative merits of settlements,
I should say the least progressive peoples are found where there has
been the least mixture. Where settlers of a kind are bunched together,
they retain old customs more tenaciously ; and there is something to be
said in favor of Colonel Talbot s whim in connection with his settlement
of Howard Township (Kent County), which he peopled on the checker-
board plan, or alternately, so that no two settlers of the same nationality
should be side by side.
But little information can be gleaned from census reports since
1861 bearing on the question of the national origins of the earliest set-
tlers, and even the earlier reports are useful only in connection with
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182 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
the lAigest or most prominent settlements. I have ther^ore relied
chiefly upon other sonrcea It would be difficult to dte book, newspaper
and personal authorities from whom infcnrmation was obtained in the
preparation of these lists. Tins would take up nearly as much space as
the tables themselves, and would supply no new fact& But several per-
sons have been kind enough to revise my notes of particular districts,
each for the district with which he was best acquainted, and I wish to
acknowledge my obligations for these services. These correcpcmdents,
in various parts of the province, have been : C. C. James, for the east^ly
districts ; George K Laidlaw, for Victoria County ; David Boylo, for Wel-
lington County and contiguous territory; Jas. H. Coyne, fc^r the Lake
Erie frontier; A. C. Osborne, for the Nipissing District; Frank Teigh,
for the Rainy River District
The most striking feature of our ethnography is the ' rapid inter-
mixture of peoples. Accordingly the question of mixed races will be
the most difficult to any one who wishes to analyse the populati<m scien-
tifically. But the intermixture is never so great that the original groups
cannot be discerned, even after three or four generation&
Besides the white races, there are two others that should not be
omitted:
(1) The various Indian bands whose statistics I have derived from
the report for the year ending June, 1898.
(2) Several settlements of n^roes.
For the clearing up of many problems in the heredity of mixed
races, endless examples may be found in Ontario, and the student of
anthropology can there find a rich field for investigation.
A. F. Hunter,
Barrie, Ont, December, 1900.
EASTERN DISTRICT.
Qlbnqabbt County.
Groups of Immigrants. Townships where setUecL
French-Canadians Lancaster, Charlottenburg, Lochiel.
Scots (Highland Catholica In
1782. llie original settlement
consisted of 85 Ifacdonalds and
35 Grant& Some Highland
Protestants also settled in these
townships.) Lancaster, Charlottenburg, Lochiel,
Kenyon.
Irish (Catholics) Kenyon.
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the ethnographical elements of ontario. 183
Stormont County.
Chroups of Immigrants, Townships where aettled.
French-Canadians Cornwall, Roxborough, Finch.
Scots (Highland) Cornwall, Roxborough, Fineh.
Irish (Catholics) 0)rnwall, Osnabruck, Roxborough,
Finch.
U. K Loyalists (Dutch and Ger-
mans from Schoharie, N.Y.). Set-
tled about 1784 Cornwall.
U. E. Loyalists (Germans. Settled
about 1784) Osnabruck.
Dundas (Bounty.
Irish Williamsburg, Matilda, Winches-
ter, Mountain.
U. E. Loyalists (chiefly Dutch and
Germans) settled in 1784 and
later years Williamsburg, Matilda.
OTTAWA DISTRICT.
Presoott County.
French-Canadians Hawkesbury (East and West),
Longueuil, Alfred, Plantagenet.
Irish (Catholics) K Hawkesbury, Plantagenet.
Russell County.
French-Canadians Clarence, Chimberland, Cambridge,
Russell.
Irish Clarence, Cumberland, Russell.
BATHURST DISTRICT.
CaRLETON CiOUNTY.
French-Canadians Gloucester.
Soots (from the central counties of
Scotland, in 1826) Osgoode, Torbolton, Fitzroy.
"Perth Military Settlement" (chiefly
Scots, in 1816) Goulboum.
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IM ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
Groupa of Iramigrants. Toumahipa where aetUed.
Irish (Protestants from the north
of Ireland) Olouoeeter, Oagoode, Nepean, Marl-
borough, Goulboam, March,
Huntley, Fitzroy.
Irish (Catholics) Huntley, doulboum.
Lanark Countt.
French-Canadians (25 families at
first ; isolated, and now speaking
English) Lavant
Soots ("Perth Military Settlement,"
in 1816) Beckwith, Drummond, Bathurst,
Burgess.
Scots (Renfrewshire and Lanark-
shire weavers. About 1832 many
left their rocky land grants in
Dalhousie and went to Simcoe
Co. and other westerly counties) Ramsay, Lanark, Dalhousie.
Scots (Perthshire) Montague, Beckwith, North Elms-
ley, Drummond.
Scots (from the eastern borders of
Scotland) Ramsay, Pakenham.
Irish (Protestants from the north
of Ireland) Montague, North Elmsley, Ramsay,
Pakenham, Beckwith.
Irish (Catholics) Drummond, Bathurst, Burgesa
U. El. Loyalists (a few along the
Rideau River) Montague, North EHmsley.
Renfrew County.
Scots (Highland, the " McNab Set-
tlement" Formed about 1823) . McNab, Horton, Roes.
Scots (Lowland, small settlement) . Bromley.
Irish Bagot, Admaston, Ross, Bromley,
Westmeath, Qrattan, Wilberforce,
Germans (settled chiefly in the
sixties) Horton, Bromley, Pembroke, Grat-
tan, Wilberforce, Alice, Sebas-
topol, North Algona, Brudenell,
Raglan.
Poles (small settlement in Hagarty
Township) P. O. Wihio
Indians (Algonquins of North Ren-
frew ; population, 286) Allumette Island and vicinity.
Indians (Algonquins of Golden
Lake ; population, 91) Algona.
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THB ETHNOGRAPHICAL ELEMENTS OF ONTARIO. 185
JOHNSTOWN DISTRICT.
Qrenyille County.
Choupa of Im/migrants, Townships where settled,
Elnglish Augusta.
[7. £. LoyaHsts (settled in 1784 and
later years) Edwardsburgh, Augusta, Oxford,
Wolford.
Leeds County.
English Elizabethtown.
Iriw (Protestants) Bastard.
Irish (Catholics) Kitley, South Elmsley, Crosby*
(North and South.)
U. E. Loyalists (settled in 1784 and
later years) Elizabethtown, Yonge.
U. S. Settlers (later) Escott
MIDLAND DISTRICT.
Frontenac County.
Irish (Catholics) Pittsburgh, Loughborough, Kings-
ton, Wolfe Island.
U. E. Loyalists (settled in 1784 and
later years) Pittsburgh, Kingston.
Lennox and Addington County.
French-Canadians Kaladar, Anglesea.
Irish (Catholics), 1825 and later
years Amherst Island, Emestown, Cam-
den, Sheffield.
Germans (from the Renfrew settle-
ment) Denbigh, Abinger.
U. K Loyalista (These came almost
entirely from the State of New
York, Dutchess and adjacent
counties along the Hudson and
Mohawk rivera They were of
mixed blood, but almost all had
some Dutch and some German
Palatine, settled in 1784 and later
years) Emestown, Adolphustown, Fred-
ericksbuigh, Richmond.
Quakers (from Dutchess County,
N. Y, 1790) Adolphustown.
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\
186 ontario historical society.
Hastings CJounty.
Oraups of Immigrants. Toumahips where aetUed.
French-Canadians Elzevir, Hun^rford.
English Thurlow, Sydney, Rawdon, Madoc
Iriw (Protestants). Extensive set-
tlement Thurlow, Sydnev, Hangerford,
Huntii^on, Madoc, Marmora
Irish (Catholics) Rawdon, Tudor.
U. E. Loyalists. (Extensive settle-
ment In 1784 and succeeding
J ears) Thurlow, Sydney,
ians (Mohawks of the Bay of
Quinte ; population, 1,228) Tyendinaga.
Prince Edward County.
English Hallowell, Marysburgfa.
Iriiui (Protestants), from County
Down All the townships, but Hallowell
chiefly.
Irish (Catholics) Athol, Hillier.
U. E. Loyalists (GtermansX settled
in 1784 and succeeding years. . . Sophiasburgh, Hallowell, Amelias-
Discharged Hessian soldiers Marvsburgh. Forty families, most
of whom afterwaras left
(Quakers (from Lone Island and
Dutchess County, IH.T., and from
Pennsylvania) Hillier, Hallowell.
NEWCASTLE DISTMCTT.
Pkterboro' County.
English Asphodel, Otonabee, Smith, Douro
Dummer.
Scots Asphodel, Otonabee, Smith.
Irish (Protestants) Asphodel, Otonabee, North Mona-
ghan, Smith, Douro, Dummer.
Irish (Catholics), Peter Robinson's,
in 1824 Smith, Ennismore.
Indians (Mississagas,populat'n, 164) Mud Lake.
" ( " ** 79) Rice Lake.
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the ethnographical elements of ontario. 187
Northumberland County.
,. Qrowpe of Irrrniigranta. Townships where settled,
^.Elo^liflh (many of them were re-
tired military officers, 1820-35). Haldimand, Hamilton.
30018 Haldimand, Hamilton.
IriBh 1 • . Haldimand, Hamilton, Percy, Sey-
mour, Murray.
"- U. S. Settlers (1798-1812, from New
York, Pennsylvania and New
England States) Haldimand, Hamilton.
Indians (Mississagas, populat'n, 228) Alnwick.
Victoria CJounty.
French-CJanadians • Somerville, Bexley, Eldon.
Elnglish Bexley, Eldon, Fenelon, Mariposa.
Scots (Highland. Protestanta Ex- Somerville, Bexley, Eldon, Fenelon,
tensive settlement) Mariposa.
Scots (&om the west Highlands.
Catholics) Eldon.
Scots (Lowland) Somerville, Yerulam (a few), Mari-
posa.
Irish (Protestants) Somerville, Bexley, Fenelon, Veru-
1am, Mariposa, Emily.
Irish (Catholics) Emily, Yerulam, Bexley, Laxton,
Dighy, Longford.
Irish (Catholics). Extensively... Ops, Eldon, CSrden.
Durham County.
Elnglish Darlington.
Cornish Clarke, Hope.
Scots (Highland) Clarke, Darlington.
Irish (Protestants) Cartwright, Manvers, Cavan, Dar-
lington, Cilarke, Hope.
HOME DISTRICT.
Ontario County.
English. (Extensive settlement). . Pickering, Uxbridge, Beach, Brock.
English (from Cornwall) Whitbjr.
Scots (Lowland) Pickering, Whitby.
Scots (Highland. Protestanta Be-
gun in 1831) Thorah, Brock, Reach.
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188 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
Groups of Immigrants. Toumships where settled.
Scots (Highland Catholics. This
group has sometimes been called
''Jacobites" in historical litera-
ture relating to the district) . . . Mara.
Irish (some Irish Palatines in Brock) Mara» Brock, Reach, Pickering.
Settlers from the United States.
(Dutch and Quakers. These ar-
rived at about the same time as
their companions in Markham
Township, viz., about 1805) Pickering, Whitby.
Indians (Chippewas. Population,
236) Rama.
Indians (Mississagas. Population,
38) Scugog.
York C!ounty.
French-Canadians (20 families) . . . Oeorgina, North Owillimbury, East
Owillimbury.
English (from the west of England,
in 1820) Vaughan, Markham.
English (from other counties of
England at a later date) Etobicoke, York, Kin^, Whitchurch,
Scarboro, Elast Owillimbury.
Scots (from Eskdale, Dumfries-
shire, in 1800 Scarboro.
Scots (Highland) Vaughan, King, Markham, Ycnrk.
Scots (from Annandale, Dumf riee-
shire, in 1840) Vaughan.
Irish (from the North of Ireland) . Etobicoke, York, Scarboro, Vaug-
han, Markham, King, Whit-
church, East Owillimbury.
Oermans (Berczy's 60 families, in
1794) Markham.
French (Royalists. Twenty fami-
lies, in 1798) K^ing and Whitchurch (along Yonge
Street, the boundary between the
two townships.
Settlers from New York State, in
1800. Many of these subse-
quently were formed into a re-
ligious sect, the followers of one
David Willson, and known as
" Davidites." East Owillimbury.
Quakers (from Pennsylvania, chief-
ly in 1805, though 40 families
came in 1800) ,. .. King, Whitchurch.
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THE ETHNOGRAPHICAL ELEMENTS OF ONTARIO. 189
Oroupa of ImmigranU. Toumships where settled.
Pennsylvania Dutch (in 1805) York, Yaughan, Markham.
Mennonists or Tnnkers Whitchurch (on Yomire Street).
N^roes (a few) Yaughan, King, York, Etobicoke.
Indians (Chippewas; population,
124) Georgina and Snake Island&
SlMCOE CJOUNTY.
French-Canadians (begun in 1828) Tiny, Tay.
Enjzlish (from northern counties of
England. Begun in 1820) Oro and Yespra (25 families at
first), Medonte, Tecumseth, West
Gwillimbury.
Scots (fr^n Sutherlandshire at first
Immigrants with Lord Selkirk's
Red Kiver colonists. Seventeen
families,about 1820,located here) West Gwillimbury.
Scots (from Islay, Argyleshire. Be-
gun in 1832) Oro and Nottawasaga chiefly, and
a few families of the same migra-
tion into Medonte, Oiillia, Sunni-
dale.
Scots (Lanarkshire and Renfrew-
shire, via Dalhousie Township,
Ont, in 1832. Many Glasgow
and Paisley weavers were among
these Innisfil, Essa.
Soot6(Dumfriesshire; 1832 to 1850) InnisfiL
Irish (begun in 1830. Protestants.
From Ulster. Extensive settle-
ment) West Gwillimbury, Tecumseth, In-
nisfil, Essa, Tossorontio.
Irish (Catholics, begun in 1830) . . Adjala, Yespra, Flos, Medonte, Not-
tawasaga.
Irish (from Londonderry in 1850,
etc. InnisfiL
Germans (begun with 10 families,
in 1834) Nottawasaga.
Negroes (Begun in 1828) Oro (20 families), Sunnidale.
Inoiana (Chippewas ; population,
266) Beausoleil and CJhristian Islands.
Peel County.
English (from northern counties of
England) CJaledon, CJhinguacousy, Albion,
Toronto, Toronto Gore.
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100 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
GrfAips of Immigrants. Townships wJiere settled.
Scots (Highland, begun in 1818) . . Chinguacousy, Caledon, Toronta
Irish (from the North of Ireland,
Protestanta Extensive settle-
ment) Caledon, Toronto, Albion, Chingua-
cousy.
Grey County.
English Bentinck, Egremont, Si. Vincent
Scots (Lowland) Normanby, Egremont.
Scots (Highland) Bentinck, Qlenelg.
Irish (from the North of Ireland.
Extensive settlement) Artemesia, Bentinck, Collingwood,
Sullivan, Holland, Normanby.
Germans Bentinck, Normanby.
Negroes (a few) Sydenham. Euphrasia, Bentinck,
Normanby.
DuFFERiN County.
Scots East Garaf raxa.
Irish (Protestants, from Ulster.
Extensive settlement) Mulmur, Mono, Amaranth, Melane-
thon. East Luther.
Negroes (a few) Melancthon.
GORE DISTRICT.
Wentworth County.
English Ancaster, Barton, Binbrook, Bev-
erley, Flamboro', Glanford, Salt-
fleet
Scots (Lowland) Flamboro', Ancaster, Binbrook, Bev-
erley.
Irish Ancaster, Barton, Beverley, Flam-
boro', Saltfleet
U. E Loyalista (Some Dutch or
Germans from New Jersey) Ancaster, Beverley.
Germans (from the United States) Glanford, East Flamboro'.
Negroes Barton.
Halton County.
English Esquesing, Nelson, Trafalgar.
Scots (Highland. Presbyterians) Esquesing, Trafalgar, Nela)n, Nas-
sagaweya.
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THE ETHNOGRAPHICAL ELEMENTS OF ONTARIO. 191
Groups of ImmigrarUs. Townships where settled.
Scota (Began in 1819, from the
border districts of Scotland ; also
a few from Bamet, Vt Part of
Elsqnesing is called the " Scotch
Block ") Esquesing.
Irish (from the North of Ireland) . Esquesing, Nassagaweya, Nelson,
Trafalgar.
Waterloo C!ountt.
French-Canadians North Waterloo, Wilmot
English Wellesley.
Scots (Highland, via Caledonia,
N.Y.) :. . North Dumfrica, Woolwich, South
Waterloo, Wellesley.
Scots (Lowland) North Dumfries.
Irish Wellesley.
Settlers from France Wilmot
Germana (Begun in 1826. Exten-
sive. Part of this settlement is
called the '' Amisch " Settlement,
having been made up of the fol-
lowers of Ami, the diief seceder
of a religious sect) Waterloo (North and South), Wil-
mot, Wellesley, Woolwich.
Mennonists (in 1801) Waterloo.
Pennsylvania Germans (in 1806). . Waterloo.
Settlers from the United State&
Hon. Wm. Dickson's (Shade's)
settlement, in 1816 North Dumfries.
Negroes Wellesley.
«
Brant County.
English Brantford, Burford.
Scots (Highland) South Dumfries.
Scots (boraer districts) South Dumfries, Brantford.
Irish Brantford.
Indians (Six Nations ; total popu-
lation, 3,929) Onondaga, Tuscarora.
Wellington County.
English (from Norfolk, Suffolk and
Yorlishire) Erin, Eramosa, Quelph, Puslinch,
W. Oarafraxa, Peel, Pilkington.
North Welsh and Cornish Pilkington.
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192 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Groups of Immigrants. Toumships where settled.
English and Scots. (Via Sosque-
hanna County, Pa., in 1818 and
subsequent years) Eramosa.
Soots (Paisley weavers) in 1827 . . . Guelph.
Scots (Aberdeenshire) Minto, Arthur, Nichol, W. Qara-
fraxa, Erin.
Soots (Midlothian) Guelph, Nichol.
Scots. (Highland. One settlement
from Badenoch, Inverness, an-
other from Loch P»room, Ross-
shire, and a large settlement from
Argyleshire) Puslinch (extensively).
Irish Arthur(eztensively),Eramosa,Erin«
Qarafraxa,Guelph,Maryborough,
Puslinch, Peel (extensivelvX
Germans (Lutherans) Guelph, Pilkington, Puslinch.
Germans (Catholics) Puslinch.
Pennsylvania Dutch Puslinch.
Negroes (a few) Peel.
The townships of Maryborough, Peel and adjacent townships were
popularly called " The Queen's Bush," and were settled in the firties and
sixties chiefly by settlers from older parts of Ontario.
NIAGARA DISTRICT. *
Haldimand County.
English (including many military
and naval officers Dunn, Cayum (North and South),
Rainham, Walpole.
Irish (Catholics) Dunn, Canboro, North Cayngm,
Oneida, Seneca, Walpole.
U. E. Loyalists Walpole, Seneca, North Cayuga,
Oneida.
Germans (from Pennsylvania) Rainham.
Indians (Mississagas who removed
from River Credit, Ont; popula-
tion, 246) Oneida.
WsLLAND County.
English Stamford. Thorold, Wainfleet.
Irisn (Catholics) Thorold, Humberstone, Stamford.
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THE ETHNOGRAPHICAL ELEMENTS OF ONTARIO. 193
Ch^owps of iTnmigranta. Townships where settled.
U. E. Loyalists (1780-1790) ...... Bertie, 145 families at first; Crow-
land, 80; Humberstone, 100;
Pelham, 120; Stamford, 140;
Thorold, 100; Wainfleet, 115;
Willou^hby, 60.
Germans Humberstone, Bertie, Willoughby.
Negroes (a few) % Bertie, Stamford, Willoughby.
Lincoln County.
English Grantham.
Iri^ (Catholics) Grantham.
Germans Gainsborough.
U. K Loyalists Louth, Niagara.
Butler's Kanger's(in 1784) Niagara, 250 families; Grantham,
200.
Mennonists Louth.
LONDON DISTRICT.
Perth County.
French-Canadians (few) Logan, Ellice.
English (Devon and Cornwall) . . . Blanshard, Downie, Fullerton.
Scots Blanshard, Downie, Fullerton, Hib-
bert, Logan, £lma, Momington,
North Easthope.
Irish Blanshard, Downie, Hibbert, Ellice,
North Easthope, Momington,
Elma, Wallace.
Swiss (small settlement) v Easthope (North and South).
Germans (from Waterloo County). Easthope (North and South), Ellice,
Fullerton, Logan.
Alsatians (few) Downie.
Bruce County.
Scots (chiefly from Argyleshire) . . Huron, Kinloss, Culross, Kincar-
dine, Greenock, Bruce, Saugeen,
Elderslie.
Irish Arran, Brant.
Irish (Catholics) Culross, Carrick.
Germans (Catholics)
Germans Brant, Carrick.
Some of the Port Elgin first settlers (Saugeen Township) were
Germans from Waterloo.
13
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194 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Oroxtps of Itumlf/ranis, Toumshipa ivh^re settled.
Indians (Chippewas ; population,
357) Saugeen.
Indians (Chippewos; population,
398) Nawash.
Oxford CJountt.
English (Lincolnshire) Blenheim, Blandford, East Zorra,
Oxford, Dereham.
Scots (Protestant). Sutherland-
shire, etc., but many here are also
from the Hebrides, eg., Uist., and
are therefore called "Uisters."
The latter are C atholics in reli-
gion. The initial Highland set-
Uement in Zorra consisted of 150
families Blenheim, Blandford, 24orra (East
and West), and East Nissouri.
Irish Dereham.
Settlers from the United States
(begun in 1793) Blenheim.
Quakers (from the United States).
Extensive settlement Norwich.
Germans East Zorra, Blenheim.
Negroes South Norwich.
Huron County.
English (Devonshire). There is also
a small settlement of English
from Wiltshire in Colbome Town-
ship HuUett, Stephen, Usbome.
Scots (both Highland and Low-
land) Qoderich, CJolbome, Ashfield, Mc-
Killop, Grey, Stanley, Tucker-
smith.
Irish (both Protestants and Cath-
olics) Ashfield, Qoderich, McKillop,
Wawanosh.
(Jermans Howick, Hay, Stephen.
Huron and Perth counties formed what was known as the " Huron
Tract" It was settled by the Canada Company, beginning in 1827.
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the ethno(iraphical elements of ontario. 195
Elgin County.
Groups of Immiyranfs, Townships where settled,
Enfijlish Bayham, Malahide, Southwold.
Scots (Highland. Those in Aid-
borough were from Lord Sel-
kirk's Red River band) Aldborougli, Dunwich, Southwold,
Yarmouth, South Dorchester.
Irish Dunwich, Southwold, Yarmouth.
Settlers from the United States . . Bayham, Malahide, Yarmouth
(South) (also a few of the first
settlers in the south of Dunwich).
Pennsylvania Dutch Malahide.
Germans (mostly Evangelical
Lutherans) Aldborough.
The " Talbot " Settlement was the general name given to the ter-
ritory in which Elgin County is situated. In the formation of this
settlement Colonel Talbot arranged that Howard Township (Kent
County) should be settled alternately on the checker-board plan, so that
settlers of the same nationality should not receive farms side by side.
Norfolk County.
English Woodhouse,Townsend,Walsingham.
Irish Walsingham, Woodhouse.
Germans (Protestant, from Wir-
temberg, 80 families came in
1847 Middleton.
U. E. Loyalists, about 1793 Woodhouse, Charlotteville, Wal-
singham.
This is what was known as the " Long Point Settlement." Many
came from New Jersey, see No. 2 " Papers and Records," Ontario His-
torical Society.
Middlesex County.
English Lobo, Westminster, McGillivray,
North Dorchester, London.
Scots (Highland, mostly Presby-
terian. Extensive settlement) . . Lobo, Williams, London, Ekf rid,
Mosa, Caradoc, Westminster,
West Nissouri, North Dorchester.
Irish (Catholics) Biddulph, McGillivray, London,
Nissouri.
Settlers from Genesee, N.Y. (about
1830) Williams.
Pennsylvania Dutch North Dorchester.
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196 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETT.
Groups of Ivimiginnta, Toumships wliere settled.
Indians (Chippewas, population,
447) Caradoa
Indians (Munsees of the Thames,
population, 120) Caradoc
Indians (Oneidas ; population, 808) Delaware.
WESTERN DISTRICT.
Essex CJounty.
French-Canadians (about 1750) . . Anderdon, Maidstone, Sandwieh,
Maiden, Rochester, West "nibory.
English (from the northern coun-
ties of England) Maidstone, Mersea, Qosfield.
Negroes Colchester, East Sandwich
Indians (Wyandottes) Anderdon.
These are said to be the old Tobacco Nation from Qeorgian Bay.
They have chiefly moved to the Western States, leaving a population of
only ten.
Kent County.
French-Canadians (from the Prov-
ince of Quebec, about 1837) Dover, East Tilbury.
English (Northern counties) Romney, Harwich, Howard, Orford.
Scots (Lowland) C]!amden, Chatham, Harwich, How-
ard, Orford.
Scots (Selkirk's "Baldoon" High-
landers, in 1803 ; 110 persons). . Dover.
Settlers from the United States
(mostly from Pa., of German
origin) Raleigh.
Negroes (two settlements) Raleigh, Camden.
Indians (Moravians of the Thames) Orf ora (population, 354).
" (Chippewas) Walpole Island (population, 624).
(Pottawattamies) " " (population, 181).
Lambton County.
English Bosanquet, Plympton.
Scots (Selkirk's Highlanders) Sombra.
Scots (Renfrewshire, Lanarkshire
and Perthshire, about 1833) . . . Samia, Plympton, Moora
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THE ETHKOGRAPHICAL ELEMENTS OF OKTJLRIO. 197
Oroupe of Immigrants, Towndiips vjhere settled,
Irish Moore^ Plyinpt<Mi, Warwick.
Indians (Chippewas; population,
446) Bosanquet, Samia.
In Sarnia Township there was a settlement on the Owen System,
''of having all things common/' the system having received its name
from Robert Owen, uie apostle of co-operation.
THE NEW DISTRICTS OF ONTARIO.
Haliburton.
Frendi-Canadians Lutterworth, Minden.
English Lutterworth.
An English land company obtained a block of townships in Hali-
burton for settlement. Tnese consisted of Guilford, Harbum, Bruton
and the six townships lying immediately north of these. Here, however,
as elsewhere throughout the province, the bulk of settlers moved from
parts settled earlier.
MUSKOKA.
French-Canadians Baxter, Gibson, Fi*eeman.
Settlers from older parts of Ontario In all the townships.
Indians (Iroquois and Algonquins,
from Oka^ Que. ; population, 125) Gibson.
Parry Sound.
French-Canadians Wallbridge and five adjacent town-
ships, Nipissing, Himsworth.
Germans (Catholics) Gurd, Nipissing, Himsworth.
Swiss In the same.
Settlers from older parts of Ontario In nearly aU the townships, though
sparsely in many.
Indians (Ojibways of Lake Huron) Parry Island, population, 103 ;
Shawanaga, population, 110 ;
Magnetawan, population, 70
Henvey's Inlet, population, 199.
Nipissing.
French-Canadians Papineau, Calvin, Bonfield, Ferris,
McEim, Blezard.
French-Canadians (repatriated
under Father Paradis, from the
Western States Caldwell, Kirkpatrick, Hugel.
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198 ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY.
Groups of Immigrants. Toumships where settled.
English (chiefly via older town-
ships) Calvin.
Scots (Highland) via older town-
ships Ferris.
Qermans Ferris.
Swedes Batter, Dunnet (near Warren
Station).
Poles (miners) Broder, McKim.
Finns (miners) McKim.
Indians (Ojibways; Lake Nipissing, population, 200;
Temagamingue, population, 78;
Dokis' Beserve, French Biver,
population, 79 ; Tagawinini band.
Lake Wanapitae, population, 160.
Alqoma.
French-C!anadians Bayside, Balfour, Snider, Graham,
fiallam, Butherford (Eillamey),
Spanish Biver, Mississaga, Thes-
salon. Also at Chapleau station
and other points along the line
of the Canadian Pacific Bailway.
Germans (an offshoot from the
Benfrew Settlement) Balfour, Dowling, Creighton.
Settlers from older parts of Ontario In many townships, though sparsely.
Indians (Ojibways of Lake Huron) Point Grondin, population, 61
White FisKBiver, " 35
White Fish Lake, " 149
Spanish Biver, " 690
Serpent Biver, " 118
Mississaga Biver, '' 168
Thessalon Biver, " 196
Garden Biver, " 439
Batchewana Bay " 363.
Manitouun Island.
Settlers from older parts of Ontario make up the chief portion of
the white population.
Indians (Ojibways and Ottawas) Wikwemikong, 999; Wikwemi-
kongsing, 122 ; Sh^uiandah, 94;
South Bay, 68; Sucker Creek,
93; West Bay, 324; Sheshe-
gwaning, 171 ; CJockbum Island,
56.
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the ethnographical elements of ontario. 199
Thunder Bay.
Groups of Immig^nnta. Townships where settled,
French-Canadians White River, Schreiber and other
Joints along the line of the Cana-
ian Pacific Railway.
Settlers from older parts of Ontario Sparsely, in various townships.
Cornish and Norwegians (miners) Port Arthur.
Indians (Ojibways of Lake Su-
perior) Michipicoten and Big Heads, 332 ;
Long Lake, 5f89 ; Pic River, 211 ;
Pays Plat, 46; Lake Nepigon,
465; Red Rock, 198; Fort Wil-
liam, 245.
Rainy River.
French-Canadians Rat Portage, Norman and other
points along the line of the
Canadian Pacific Railway. Also
a settlement at Pine River, near
Lake of the Woods.
Settlers from older parts of Ontario have almost exclusively taken
up the agricultural lands along the Rainy River. These have come from
Bruce, Grey, Simcoe and Ontario counties, and Muskoka, and are
English, Scotch or Irish.
Scandinavians (miners) Rat Portage (Sultana Qold Mine).
The miners in this district consist chiefly of foreign elements, but
these are as yet transitory.
Indians (Chippewas and Saulteaux
of Treaty No. 3) Hungi^ Hall, 58; Long Sault, 99;
Manitou Rapids, 123; Little
Forks, 46; Coutdieeching, 137;
and other Reservea (For latest
census returns see Indian Report).
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ONTARIO HISTORICAL SOCIETY
PAPERS AND RECORDS, VOL. IV.
Exploration of the Great Lakes
1 669- 1 670
BY
DOLLIER DE CASSON
AND
DE BR^HANT DE GALINEE
GALINEE'S NARRATIVE AND MAP
WITH AN ENGLISH VERSION, INCLUDING ALL THE MAP-LEGENDS
Illustrated with Portraits^ Maps^ Vtews, a Bibliography ^
Cartography^ and Annotations.
TRANSLATOR AND EDITOR
JAMES H. COYNE
PART I.
TORONTO
PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY
1903
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PREFACE
Qalini^'s Narrative, as given in this volume, is from the text
published by Kerre Margry in 1879, but in some places supplemented
and corrected from the ,MS. original. Inasmuch, however, as Margry 's
edition had been preceded by that issued by the SocUU Historique de
MoTvtrial in 1875, under the editorship of the late Abb^ H. Verreau, it
has been thought expedient to show by foot-notes .the numerous and
often important differences between the Paris and Montreal texts.
The procia-verhctl is also from the Margry text, variances being
noted in the same way.
The map is a faC'simUe of Qeneral John S. Clark's tracing of the
Parkman copy, except as to the legend appearing on Lake Ontario,
which is taken from the copy in the Parliamentary Library at Ottawa,
there being none in Parkman's. Had the existence of the copy made
by Margry for his own use been known to the Editor at an earlier
period, its longer and more authoritative legend would have been
adopted in preference to the one inserted.
The annotations to the map give the results of minute comparisons^
not only with the Margry, Morin, and Parkman copies, all of which are
tracings, presumably made directly from the lost original, but also with
the Faillon, Parliamentary Library, and Gravier copies, which are mani-
festly of inferior interest and authority.
The narrative as a whole is now published for the first time in an
English version. For convenience of comparison the French and Eng-
lish are given on opposite pages. While the translation, as a general
rule, will be found to follow closely the original text, the liberty has
sometimes been taken of breaking up long and involved sentences, and
occasionally of dropping connective words, in conformity with the usage
of to-day.
French names of Indian tribes are, as a rule, translated into their
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IV PREFACE.
English equivalents. Excellent reasons may be adduced for the contrary
usage, but on the whole it was thought better to give the familiar
English names in the English text.
Names of Frenchmen were sometimes variously spelled in the
seventeenth century. The now-established mode has been followed in
the case of such names as Dollier, Galin^e, Fr^min. The French speH-
ing for the name of Jolliet has been preferred to the English. In the
Province of Quebec it is never written otherwise.
This is also the first publication of the map with all its descriptive
legends. In the copies heretofore printed by Faillon and Gravier the
legends are greatly abbreviated, and many omitted altogether. In
Vol. IV. of the " Narrative and Critical History of America," Winsor
gives the Parkman map in outline, and on another page transcribes
the legends ; but this mode of reproducing a map is unsatisfactory at
the best, and the editor had probably not seen the Morin and Margry
copies, which supplement Parkman's in important particulars.
Among those who have in various ways aided the Editor in con-
nection with his work should be mentioned the late Douglas Brymner,
C.M.G., General John S. Clark, Benjamin Suite, F.R.S.C., David
Boyle, James Bain, D.C.L., Professor Adam Shortt, M.A., Rev. Dr. W. M.
Beauchamp, A. C. Casselman, A. F. Hunter, M.A., Earnest Gagnon, Alfred
Sandham, Miss Jean Barr, Judge J. H. Steere, the late B. E. Charlton,
Rev. P. Rousseau, Rev. A. E. Jones, S.J., Charles D. Marshall, Peter A.
Porter, R. W. McLachlin, Howard L. Osgood, C. C. James, M.A., Hon.
James Young, H. B. Donly, and Mrs. J. H. Thompson.
The four first-named read the translation and offered valuable
suggestions concerning it, which were of service to the Elditor. Special
acknowledgment will be made in Part II. for notes, to appear therein,
contributed by several of those mentioned.
For facilities afforded in comparing the map with the original
Margry, Morin and Parkman tracings, and with the Parliamentary
Library copy, special thanks are due to Edward E. Ayer, of Chicago,
the possessor of the Margry copy ; William Coolidge Lane, A.B., Librarian
of Harvard University, the custodian of Parkman's copy; Monsignor
Thomas E. Hamel, Librarian of Laval University, in which the Morin
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PREFACE. V
tracing is preserved, and Martin J. Griffin, Librarian of Parliament.
Of the tracings the comparison was carefully made by Miss Clara A.
Smith, Secretary of Mr. Ayer, David M. Matteson, A.M., and Abb^
AmM^ Gosselin, Archivist of Laval University, respectively.
In the Biblioth^que Nationale, Paris, courtesies calling for grateful
acknowledgment were rendered by M. Gabriel Marcel, Librarian, Section
of Maps and Plans, and by M. Ch. de la Ronci^re, and in the D^pot des
Cartes et Plans de la Marine by M. Buteux, Archivist, who, in the
absence of M. Bisset, was temporarily in charge of the Library.
The Hon. Hector Fabre, Canadian Commissioner at Paris, also facilitated
the Editor's researches by official courtesies, which were exceedingly
helpful.
The publication has been delayed by various causea It has been
found necessary to postpone, for a brief period only, it is hoped, the
issue of Part II., containing appendices and notes illustrative of the
text. With it will appear an alphabetical index. In the meantime the
comprehensive table of conteixts published herewith may compensate in
some measure for the temporary lack of this indispensable accompani-
ment of an historical volume.
J. H. C.
St. Thomas, Ont., December I5th, 1902.
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CONTENTS OF PART I.
PAOI
Preface iii
list of Illostrations z
Introduction— HUtorical ; Bibliographical: The Narrative, The Prods- Verbal ; The
Map xi
Explanations of Variations in the Text . . . i xzxvii
I.— Nabbativb.
DoUier among the Nipissings. Nitarikyk. The slave from the South-west. Abb^ de
Queylus' suggestion. DoUier arranges with slave and goes to Quebec to buy
supplies • * 3
M. de Couroellee the Governor. M. de la Salle and the Ohio. Route to the Vermilion
Sea and China. M. Barth^emy. Intended number and equipment of party.
Preparations 6
M. de Gralin^e takes the place of M. Barth^lemy on the expedition. They leave
Montreal 6th July, 1669. 7 canoes ; 21 men. Senecas visit M. de la Salle in 1668, ^
and describe the wonders of the Ohio, its tribes and fauna 7
M. de la Salle reports to M. Dollier what he has heard. The effect. La Salle and the
Dutchman as interpreters. Kent^ 9
St. Louis (LachincO Rapids. Navigation above and below MontreaL Birch canoes.
Algonkin and Iroquois canoes contrasted. Advantages and inoonveniences of
canoes. Snowshoes - - • 11
Camping on the St. Lawrence. Iroquois cabins. Algonkin wigwams. Indian bill of
fare. Everybody ill. Sailing on Lakes St. Louis and St. Francis. Otondiata - 13
Catfish and sagamite. Moose on Lake St. Francis. Mode of curing, packing and
cooking venison. They sight Lake Ontario 2nd August, 1669 - • • - 15
Rivers on south side. Jesuit missions. River of Onondaga (Oswego). 8th August.
Island of hospitable Seneca. Perils of waiting. Guide leaves to notify the village 17
Andastes. Murder of a Seneca at Montreal. Execution of murderers. Sentry duty.
Consolations of religion. Dollier has fever 19
Aug. 10.— At Karontagouat (Irondequoit Bay, 43'' 12^ N. latitude, by Jacob's staff 26th
Aug. 1669).
Exchange presents with natives. Hospitality of Senecas. Council of old men sum-
moned. Slave wanted as guide.
Aug. 12. — La Salle and Galin^e set out for the village 21
Senecas escort the visitors to their village. Oration of old man. Cabin for Frenchmen.
Hospitality. Palisaded village 23
Aug. 13. — Seneca Council Their 4 villages. Oak plains. The prairie. Procedure at
Council La Salle and Dutchman being incompetent, Father Fr^min's man inter-
prets. Conference of Jesuits at Onondaga. Presents 25
Other presents. The Loups and Andastes. Onontio's message. The Touguenha. The
Ohio. Aug. 14.— Reply of Senecas. Wampum belt. Trade with the Dutch.
Senecas promise a slave as guide. Roast dog 27
vii
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Vlll CONTENTS.
PAGE
Maize, bear's grease and oil of sunflowers and buttemtite. La Salle and Galin^ visit
the Hot Spring. Brandy. Impunity for murders committed under influence of
liquor. Strange customs 29
Torture of a Touguenha captive. He asks to see a Mistigouche. Galin^ requests
Dutchman to ask for prisoner as guide ; Dutchman refuses to interfere - - 31
Galin^ endeavors to convert the captive. Torture continued. Lack of a competent
interpreter prevents full success of the expedition 33
La Salle advises withdrawal to camp. Conclusion of torture of prisoner. Cannibalism.
Driving away the dead man's soul. Gathering supplies. Inquiries concerning
the Ohio 35
Distance to the Ohio. Lake Erie portage. Seneeas try to discourage explorers.
Danger of meeting Andastes. Dutchman's ardor abates. La Salle regards a
winter in the woods as certain death. Tinawatawa Indian arrives from Albany ;
assures them of a guide at his village. Leaving the Seneeas. Niagara River and
Falls. Deer carried over the Falls 39
Going on to Tinawatawa. Trouv^ hears the roar of Niagara from near Toronto.
Burlington Bay. Waiting for carriers. La Salle gets fever. Rattlesnakes.
Deputation from village. Council at camp. Presents 41
Presents. Slaves for guides. The Shawnee falls to La Salle, the Nez-Pero^ to
Sulpitians. Eagerness of missionaries to get on. Pottawattamies. Ohio. V
Sept. 22. — Leave camp for Tinawatawa. Deer-hunting. Explorers hear that two
Frenchmen are at viUage, on way from the Ottawas with released Iroquois prisoner.
Difficulties of travel in woods and swamp 43
Sept. 24. — At Tinawatawa. Jolliet. Copper mine on Lake Superior. An easier route
to Montreal. Iroquois capUve given by the Ottawas to Jolliet, guides him down
the lakes. Fear of Andastes. Avoids Niagara portage. La Salle dissatisfied.
Iskoutegas. Change of plans. Sulpitians choose the route to the Shawnees by
way of the Ottawas instead of that by way of the Iroquois 45
Brandy causes trouble. Shawnee substituted for Nez Pero^-guide. Black robes of
Kent^ Trouv^ visits Tinawatawa. JoUiet's map. Galin^ reduces it to a marine
chart 47
La Salle leaves the Sulpitians. Reason therefor.
Sept. 30 and Oct. 4. — Mass celebrated. Construction of altar. Jolliefs canoe - • 49
Oct. I. — Sulpitians leave Tinawatawa and, Oct. 3, reach Rapid {Qrani) River.
Oct. 3. — Dutchman and Shawnee and other Indian guide set out overland for place
of canoe. -^-^
Oct. 4. — Beginning of 8 days' canoeing down the Grand River. Difficulties. Good
hunting.
Oct. 13 or 14. — Arrive at Lake Erie. Causes of its high waves. Latitude about 42*.
Long Point peninsula and bay.
Oct. 16 or 17. — Decide to winter on lake shore. Abundance of game • • -51
Good hunting. Winter camp. Mouth of pretty river chosen (Port Dover). Disap-
pearance of Dutchman's party. Jolliet's canoe found. Granary. Nuts and wild
fruits. Wine for mass, etc. The "Earthly Paradise of Canada." Fish and beaver.
Herds of deer. Bear-meat fat and appetizing 53
Oct. 30 or 31. — Winter quarters shifted into a sheltered spot in the woods. Plaoe
described. Altar erected. Religious services. Cabin admired by Iroquois hunt-
ers. Severe winter at Montreal — mild on Lake Brie. Axes almost all broken - 55
1670. March 23. — Passion Sunday. Cross, etc., set up on Lake Erie as memoriaL
Portaging from winter quarters to lake shore.
March 26. — Set out for the west. Turkey Point Delayed by head wind. Canoe
blown away and lost 67
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CONTENTS. IX
PAGE
March 28.— Westward again, 5 by land, including DoUier and Galin^, and 4 in
canoes. Four rivers to cross. Dietrich's Creek. Big Creek. Quicksands. The
Walsingham swamp. Mysterious voices. The Hunting of Arthur - 59
March 29. — At the mouth of Big Creek. Making a raft. The blizzard. They cross
the stream. Swamp at west side.
March 30. — Lake Erie. Ridge of sand at isthmus of Long Point. Provisions fail. A
stag killed.
March 31. — The canoemen join them 61
April 6. — Easter communion.
April 8.— Leave Long Point. Ice lining the lake. The forests of Elgin County. No
game. Privations.
April 10. — Place of Canoe. Carried away by Iroquois. Too early in season to strip
bark for a new canoe. Finding of Jolliet's canoe 83
Rondeau. Abundance of deer. None killed. The party are about to put a wolf in
the kettle. Better hunting. Plenty of venison. Point Pelee. Gale from north-
east. Loss of baggage, including altar service. What is to be done ? - - 65
Mission purpose abandoned. Decide to go on to the Sault. The Detroit River. Stone
idol of the Iroquois destroyed and sunk in the river. God rewards the explorers.
Lake St. CUir. No salt in it. Sanson's map of 1656 67
St. Clair River. Lake Michigan (Huron). Dearth of game. God's providence —
explorers never more than one day without food. Storms on Huron and EIrie
compared. North ohanneL
May 25. — Arrival at the Sault. Jesuit mission to Ottawas. Their palisaded fort,
chapel and residence. Their plantation. Saluting the fort. Reception - 69
Sulpitians assist at vespers and take communion. Results of Jesuit mission. Signs
of Christianity among Ottawa converts. Baptisms. Pointe du Saint-Esprit
(Ashland). Amikou^ woman's confession to M. DoUier. Sulpitians intend to
return and winter among the Ottawas and then go to the Ohio. Fleets of Ottawa
and Kilistinon canoes for Montreal 71
They find a guide. His charges.
May 28.— Leave d'Ablon and Marquette. No lack of food at the Sault. Ojibways
take whitefish in the Rapids. Extraordinary cheapness of fish, meat, beaver, etc.
Sturgeon. Moose-meat. Barter for beaver. Why the French go to the Sault.
30 portages on the Ottawa 73
4 or 5 portages from Leike Nipissing to Georgian Bay. Running the rapids. Dangers.
Jesuit's canoe wrecked.
June 18. —Arrive at MontreaL Galin^e suffers en route from tertian fever. Reception.
Abb4 de Queylus. Risen from the dead. The map. It requires correction. Only
one side of each lake shown. A marine chart. Reasons why - - - 76
II.— The pRocte-VEBBAL.
Formal act of taking possession of lands of Lake Erie 77
ILL- The Map.
Titles. Orientation 79
Legends —
Montreal to Lake St. Francis 79
St. Lawrence. Lake Ontario. Niagara. Tanawawa 81
Georgian Bay Portage. Grand River. Lakes Erie and St. Clair - - • -83
Lakes Huron and Superior. French River 86
Portages. Lake Nipissing. Ottawa River. Rideau Falls 87
Long Sault. Leike of Two Mountains. Lake Ontario 89
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ILLUSTRATIONS.
« PAOB
Wintering-plaoe of Dollier de Caason and Galin^ near Port Dover. (From a plioto-
graph taken in August, 1900, by Mr. Delbert J. McColl, of Simooe, Ont.) Frontispiece
Portrait of Colbert. (From an old engraving) xxi
Autographs of Louis XIV. ; Daniel de R^my de Couroellee, Qovemor of Canada ; Le
Cavelier (De la Salle) ; Father Fr^min ; L. JoUiet ; Abb^ Trouv^ ; F. de Salagnac
(Abb^ F^nelon) ; Father Dablon 1
Mollard's Plan of Ville Marie (Montreal), 1662-1672, showing location of each building 3
Portrait of La Salle, with autograph 6
Portrait of Laval, first Bishop of Canada, with autograph as Bishop of Petnea (m
partibus). (From an engraving made after an oil painting in Laval University) 7
Niagara Falls in 1679-1680. (From the picture in Hennepin) 39
Forks of River Lynn and Black Creek, Port Dover, near the wintering-place • - 58
Map of the County of Norfolk, Ontario - 66
Lidian Creek, Turkey Point 67
Wolfe's Cove, near Turkey Point 67
Map dated Paris, 1656. ''Canada, or New France, etc The Great River of Canada,
or of St. Laurens, and all the neighboring regions are in accordance with the
relations of the French. By Sanson d*Abbeville, Geogprapher-in-Ordinary to the
King," etc. Section showing the lakes, etc. 67
Supposed portrait of P^re Marquette. (From the painting on wood recently dis-
covered by Mr. Donald Guthrie McNab) 69
Map of the Upper Lakes attached to the Relations of the Jesuits for 1670 and 1671,
published in 1672 78
Seminary of St. Sulpice, Montreal (oldest portion constructed in 1680-1681) - • 75
Portrait of Talon, the Intendant 77
Index-map, to explain legends of the Galin^ map 79
The Galin^e map. Fac-nmile of General John S. Clark's tracing of the Parkman
oopy - 'In Cover
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INTRODUCTION.
HISTORICAL.
In 1497 John and Sebastian Cabot discovered the continent of America and made
the first landfall on the eastern coast of what, is now Canada.
On the 17th August, 1535, whilst off the Island of Anticosti, Cartier learned of
the existence and immense extent of the River St. Lawrence.
On the 3rd October he climbed Mount Royal and saw the Ottawa. He was told
that the navigation of the St. Lawrence required more than three months, and .there
were three rapids to pass. Stadacona natives afterward informed him, from hearsay,
that beyond Hochelaga were two large lakes, ** then is found a fresh-water sea, of
which no one had seen the end."
In September, 1541, Cartier ascended to the second sault beyond Hochelaga.
His map, showing *' all the river of Canada," including the Great Lake, disappeared.
Maps of the Upper St. Lawrence until 1612 are based upon his narrative, and possibly
on his lost map.
In July, 1603, Champlain and Pontgrav^ vainly attempted to stem the Lachine
Rapids. Their skiff could neither be rowed nor towed against the current, and
Champlain decided to depend for further discoveries upon that wonderful Algonkin
invention, the birch-bark canoe.
The Algonkins repeated to Champlain what Cartier had already recorded con-
cerning the Great Lake. Their accounts were inconsistent and confusing. Was it
the lake next beyond Ontario? Was its outlet through Niagara or through some
immense stream discharging into the South Sea ? Was there salt water near it ? The
complaisant savages answered to suit the eager explorer, placing the salt water now
at the west end of Lake Ontario, now just above Lake Erie, and, again, in the Upper
Great Lake. Map-makers half a century afterward puzzled later explorers by giving
the name '' Sea- Water-Lake " to St. Clair.
Champlain learned from the Algonkins of a river route from Lake Ontario to the
northern Algonkins, and also of the nation of the Hurons, called by his informants
"the good Iroquois," who came to barter with the Algonkins for French goods.
These '^good Iroquois" spoke of a copper mine in the north.
The Great Lake, the South Sea, and the copper mine were important factors in
the further exploration of the St Lawrence.
The *' unparalleled" wonders of the "Mocosan Falls" are referred to in the
verses prefixed to Champlain's Travels in 1603. Clearly Niagara is meant, but the
poet was romancing when he said the explorer had gazed upon it.
II.
When and by whom was Ontario discovered ? It was in June, 1610, that a young
man, who had accompanied Champlain and Pontgrav^ to the Sault St. Louis, eagerly
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Xll INTRODUCTION;
craved permission to ^o among the Algonkins and learn their language. The leaders
persuaded him to undertake the further task of visiting the Great Lake, and reporting
generally upon the country, its rivers, mines and inhabitants. Somewhere up the
Ottawa, on the southerly side, dwelt a tribe of Algonkins. Their chief, Yroquet, was
with some difficulty induced to take the young adventurer with his party on their
homeward voyage. The latter spent a year in their country. He adopted their dress
and acquired a fair knowledge of their language. On the I3th June, I6II, escorted
by two hundred Hurons with throe chiefs, including Yroquet the Algonkin, he arrived
at the foot of the Lachine Rapids, and gratified Champlain with a description of his
travels. This was probably the first exploration of any part of what is now Ontario.
The discoverer was undoubtedly Etienne Brul^. At the age of about sixteen he
had come to Quebec in 1608 with the original settlers. For nearly a quarter of a
century he pursued his adventurous career as explorer, interpreter, fur trader and
guide. At last a Huron club or tomahawk ended his career on the lonely shores of
Matchedash Bay.
With Brul^ and Troquet were four Indians, who had beheld a sea far beyond
their own land, but they reported to Champlain that the route was difficult and the
neighboring tribes were hostile. They explained the topography by diagrams. On
these native maps and oral reports was based no small portion of his celebrated maps
of New France.
in.
Champlain's large map of 1612 was the first attempt to delineate the region now
known as Ontario. To avoid committing himself, he shows only the eastern part of
the ''Great Lake.'' The legend represents it as 300 lei^ues in length, and Lake
Ontario as covering fifteen days of canoe traveL The lakes are connected by a short
river, with a ^^aa^dt d*eau" at its outlet. The Ottawa and St. Lawrence are shown
with a chain of islands between, forming an archipelago. There is a suggestion of
lakes Temiscaming and Nipissing, the latter being connected by a river with the
Great Lake ; and of the Trent River system, commencing, however, in Lake Simcoe.
Champlain probably to the end of his life regarded Lake Michigan as a river. It
appears as such in all his maps. The ''great water" described by the savages is a
composite of the four upper lakes.
In his smaller map of 1613 are included the meridians and significant corrections.
The Ottawa is now a separate stream, but joins the St. Lawrence at its upper ex-
tremity, near the Nipissings, as well as below. Another river intervenes, parallel to
both, and the archipelago idea is continued by connecting streams. Lake Ontario
receives a name, "Lac St. Louis." The Hurons are north of the lake, under the
name of Hochataigains. Toung Vignau, after spending a year, with Champlain's
permission, at AUumette Island among the Algonkins, returned to Paris in 1612.
Hudson's chart of the bay called by his name was published at Amsterdam the same
year. Champlain's map did not ignore this recent information.
In 1613, with three other Frenchmen and an Indian guide, Champlain paddled
and portaged up the Ottawa as far as Allumette. He discovered that part of Vignau's
story was a mere fabrication. Although anxious to proceed to the Nipissings he
was discouraged by the Algonkins, who exaggerated the difficulties of the journey.
Reluctantly he abandoned his proposed exploration and returned to France.
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INTRODUCTION. XIU
IV.
In the year 1615, after a long struggle in France with the Fur Company, who did
their best to thwart his schemes for the expansion of the colony and the civilization
of the savages, Champlain returned to New France, accompanied by three priests and
a lay brother of the Hecollet Order. Father Joseph Le Caron set out with twelve
Frenchmen for the country of the Hurons. On his arrival he appears to have found
French fur traders there before him. The route was by the Ottawa (then called the
River of the Algonkins) to Mattawa, then up the Mattawa to Lake Nipissing, down
French Biver to Georgian Bay, and then southward, threading the almost countless
islands, past Byng Inlet and Parry Sound, to Matchedash Bay,, which they crossed to
Penetanguishene or Thunder Bay. On the 1st August, Champlain arrived among
the Hurons with Brul^ and another Frenchman, and two Indians, in two canoes,
after a journey of twenty-three days from the mouth of Rivi^e des Prairies below
Montreal. On the 3rd he met Father Joseph, who had preceded him. During the
month Champlain passed from village to village as far as the Narrows between lakes
Simcoe and Couchiching, whilst the forces of the Hurons and Algonkins were assem-
bling for the purpose of their war against the Iroquois. The Carantouans (probably
the same as the Andastes or Susquehannas, at the head waters of the Susquehanna
River) had promised to help with 500 men, and it was decided to send two canoes
with twelve of the most stalwart Indians to notify them to join the expedition in the
Iroquois country. Brule's earnest request to be permitted to accompany this embassy
was readily granted. The canoes set out on the 8th September, and that was the last
that was heard of Brul6 for nearly three years, when he again met Champlain at the
Sault St. Louis, and gave a satisfactory explanation of his failure to join the invading
forces.^ Champlain with his Indian allies and a few Frenchmen proceeded by canoe
and portage to Balsam Lake and thence down the Trent River and through the Bay
of Quinte to Lake Ontario, which he crossed. After an unsuccessful attack on the
Iroquois, in which Champlain was twice wounded, the ill-starred expedition returned
to the east end of the lake. The Hurons were unwilling to carry out a previous
understanding that they were to take the explorer down the St. Lawrence to Quebec,
and the hunting season having now arrived, disbanded their forces to devote them-
selves to the chase. The story of Champlain^s adventures in the woods back of
Kingston is familiar through Parkman's interesting paraphrase of the explorer's
narrative. As guest of his savage friend Darontal he spent the winter among
the Hurons. In January, Champlain and Father Joseph visited seven or eight
villages of the Fetuna (Tobacco Indians) south of Nottawasaga Bay, and afterward
the Cheveux BelevSs (Obtawas) who were settled between the Petuns and Lake Huron,
in and south of the Bruce Peninsula. Nearly a month was spent in this exploration.
He greatly desired to visit the Neutrals, whose territory lay all along the north shore
of Lake Erie and extended a short distance east of the Niagara River. He was,
however, dissuaded by his allies, who feared for his safety on account of a Neutral
having been killed in the Iroquois war of the previous year. On the 20th May,
accompanied by Darontal, he returned to Quebec. As far as is known this was the
extent of Champlain's personal acquaintance with our province. If the dotted line
in his large map of 1632 is to be taken as indicating Brule's route to the Andastes,
the famous interpreter must have found his way to some point above Detroit, and
1. The romantic stoiy of his adventures is reooonied by Champlain in his " Voyage 4t Dicouvertsif"
published in 1019.
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XIV INTRODUCTION.
thence to the Ohio, which he would seem to have followed to a point near the
Andastes, although the map contains no suggestion that the existence of the Ohio
was even suspected.^
V.
This last map of Champlain was the first attempt to outline any part of what is
now Ontario from actual knowledge, and was the foundation of subsequent maps for
at least eighteen years. It marks a considerable advance upon the maps of I6I2 and
1613. The Great Lake is at last definitely located above Lake Huron. Brule had
doubtless reported its situation as well as that of the Falls of Ste. Marie, called
by Champlain the Sault de Gaston. Lake Michigan is still a large river emptying
into Lake Superior. Islands are shown at the north-west end of Lake Huron, but
the North Channel and Georgian Bay are still one body, and Lake Huron proper is
praoticfdly non-existent. The channel discharging the waters of Georgian Bay into
Lake Ontario has now two small expansions, with islands corresponding fairly well
with Walpole and Pelee islands. The expansions are little broader than St. Mary's
River. The great cataract extends for a considerable distance down the Niagara Biver.
The explanatory note adds that it is at the extremity of Lake St Louis, is very high, and
several kinds of fish are stunned in descending it. Later travellers mention a custom
of the Lidians to wait at the foot of the rapids below the faUs for the purpose of
gathering these ** stunned" fish. Near shore, just west of the centre of Lake
Ontario, are two islands. The St Lawrence is given conjecturally with two expan-
sions and five rapids between Lake Ontario and the Ottawa. The Trent River system
is shown, of course, and the Ottawa with its lakes, islands, rapids, and one or two
tributaries. The Rideau River and Falls and the. Chaudi^re Falls are given. Lakes
Simcoe and Couchiching are represented, but the latter expands directly into
Georgian Bay. Lake Nipissing and French River appear, and indentations suggest-
ing Shawanaga Bay and Parry Sound. The peninsula of Southern Ontario, owing to
the approximation of the outlet of Georgian Bay to Lake Ontario, dwindles to a
narrow strip. Lake Nepigon (?) appears north of Lake Superior, but its outlet is in
the *'Mer Douce" (North Channel or Georgian Bay). On an island in it is the
much-talked-of copper mine. Altogether it may be said to be the map of Ontario in
embryo. Much remains to be done in the way of development ; but it is a creditable
production, and of the first importance in the cartography of Ontario and the lakes.
VI.
Brul^ had brought back from his wanderings extraordinary accounts of the
Neutral Nation, among whom he had been. The curiosity of the Recollet Daillon,
who had just arrived in the Huron country, was aroused, and he was glad to respond
to Father Joseph Le Caron's request that he should continue his journey to the
Neutrals. Leaving the Jesuits, Br^beuf and De Noue, who had accompanied him
from Quebec, and taking with him two Frenchmen, GrenoUe and La Valine, he
passed through the territory of the Tobacco Nation (township of Nottawasaga) and
on the sixth day arrived at the first village of^the Neutrals. He visited five other
villages, and in the last of these took up his abode. His visit, ^hich extended from
the 18th October, 1626, until after the 8th March, 1627, was perhaps limited to the
1. C. W. Butterfleld, in his work oa Bruld, considers the dotted line to indicate a well-known trail to the
Andastes, but is of opinion that B.ul^ went by Burling^ton Bay and the Niagara ( tossing.
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INTRODUCTION. XV
district near Burlington Bay ; but he brought back information as to the extent and
products of the country, the character, manners, and customs of the natives, and the
advantages of a direct trade between them and the French.
VIL
Although New France was restored to the French Crown in 1632 by the treaty
of St. Germain, it was not until 1634 that Champlain returned to New France. The
work of exploration, interrupted in 1629 by the conquest, was resumed, and the
Jesuits established themselves in the Huron mission. This same year, as Suite has
conclusively shown, Jean Nicolet visited the Sault Ste. Marie, discovered the Mackinac
Islands and Green Bay, and paddled up the Fox River to the Mascouten villages.
In 1639-40 the famous Jean de Br^beuf and Joseph Marie Chaumonot made an
extended exploration of the country of the Neutrals for the purpose of establishing
the ** Mission of the Angels.*' In the following winter they repeated their visit, but
their reception was not encouraging and the mission was given up. The mission
headquarters at Ste. Marie-on-the-Wye naturally and necessarily became a centre of
geographical information. The natives drew for the priests rude sketches of the
lakes and rivers of the St. Lawrence basin. Missionaries and traders were pressed
into the service, and their reports were carefully studied. In this way there was
graduaUy evolved a map of the whole lake region. In 1640 Gamier and Jogues
established the *' Mission of the Apostles" among the Tobaceo Indians, and Father
Ragueneau sent to the Father Superior of the order a Huron map showing the entire
Huron-Iroquois country with numerous tribes inhabiting it. The following year
Fathers Raymbault and Isaac Jogues opened their mission at the Sault Ste. Marie.
This map is not known to be extant, but doubtless furnished material for Sanson's
maps of 1650 and 1656.
vm.
To establish the *' Mission of the Angels," Br^beuf and Chaumonot passed
through eighteen Neutral villages, to all of which they gave Christian names. In ten
they sojourned for a time. Sanson, in 1656, names five, all west of tbe Grand River,
as follows : S. Francois, north-east of Samia ; S. Michel, near Windsor ; S. Joseph,
near Ridgetown ; Alexis, west of St. Thomas, and N. D. des Anges, near Brantford.
His map claims to be constructed from the ** Relations" of the French. Saint
Michel is mentioned in Lalemant's Relation of 1641 as the only village among the
eighteen that had given the Fathers the hearing that their embassy merited. If we
assume the map of 1656 to be based on this Relation, it is evidence that the two
Jesuits followed the winter forest-trail all the way from Brantford westward along
the ridge between Lake Erie and the Thames River to a point on the Detroit River
near Windsor. French fur-traders had, however, been familiar for years with the
Neutral villages.
EX.
The Sanson map of 1650 is worthy of special attention. It was the first to show
Lake Erie as one of the Great Lakes, or to indicate the comparative size of Lake St.
Clair. The rivers flowing into lakes Erie and Ontario, both north and south, show
an acquaintance with the regular canoe and portage routes. There is even a rudi-
mentary knowledge of the Ohio, which is represented as rising in a. small lake
(Chautauqua ?), and running south-westerly for some distance ; but no outlet is indi-
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XVI INTRODUCTION.
cated, a proof that its further coarse was unknown. None of these rivers is named.
The map claims the whole watershed of the St. Lawrence, and also of the rudimentary
Ohio, as French territory. Among the rivers apparently laid down are the Genesee,
Cuyahoga and Miami on the south, and the Humber and Grand rivers. Kettle Creek
and the River Maitland on the north. The St. Lawrence is called R. de S. Laurent^
and the Ottawa R. des Prairies, Some Indian nations are named, such as the Neuter,
the Petun (Tobacco Indians), Hurons, Nipissings, etc. The north-east end of Lake
Michigan, called Lac des Puans, is shown for the first time, no doubt from Nicolet
and Jogues' information. So also the names Sup^riefir and Ontario make their first
appearance, the latter being also designated Lac de St, LmiiSy as in Champlain and
Boisseau's maps. The other lakes are unnamed. Lake Ontario is represented as
larger than Erie. A considerable advance is made in the configuration of the penin-
sula. Boisseau, in his map of 1643, had for the first time given the title Lac Derie
to one of the two little lakes which Champlain had shown lying between Huron and
Ontario. He had, however, erroneously assigned it to the upper one. Sanson
omitted the designation. The* map of 1650 presupposes an actual acquaintance, by
French voyageurs or missionaries, with the outlines of lakes Erie and Ontario, as
well as with the lower extremities of lakes Superior and Michigan. It is surprisingly
accurate, more so in some particulars than subsequent maps for more than a century,
and indeed until the conquest. The Jesuit Bressani was among the Hurons most
of the time from 1644 until 1649, and returned to Europe in the year 1650. In his
^* Brief Relation," published in 1653, he described Lake Erie as having a circuit of
six hundred miles.
X.
Sanson's map of 1656, whilst less accurate in the shape and relative size of Lake
Erie, is fuller in details. The principal part is reproduced opposite page 67 of this
volume. The name L, Erie ou du Chaiy is for the first time given to a great lake.
Lake Huron is designated Karegrwndi, and Lake St. Clair appears as Lac des Eo/itx
de Mer (Sea-water or Salt-water Lake), a reminder of the stories told Champlain.
The Thames makes its first appearance on a map. Several additional streams are
shown flowing into the lakes. No less than seven native villages are shown west of
Lake Ontario, designated by saints' names, apparently those given by the Jesuits in
1640 and 1641. Lake Burwell is depicted at the mouth of the Aux Sahhs, and a
village, S, FrangoiSy eastward from it. For the first time the three divisions of Lake
Huron are represented, known to us as North Channel, Georgian Bay and Lake
Huron proper. The Ottawa no longer appears m R. des Prairies, Lake Medad is
shown ; Lake Simcoe, named Oiientaron, appears with its southern prolongation, and
its outlet through Lake Couchiching. The Muskoka lakes must have been explored.
Lake St. Francis is named Na/ro^ia, The island midway between Gananoque and
Ogdensburg, afterwards so well known by the name of Toniata, is given the name of
Ide CapaqirehissinSy and the tribe on the north bank opposite is called Touthato/ronons,
which may easily be the compositor's reading of Tonihataronons. Other tribes along
both shores of the St. Lawrence and the lakes are named. A viUage of Ongiara^
mentioned in Lalemant's Relation, appears east of Niagara Falls. The Iroquois lakes
are delineated, and the Genesee and Oswego rivers. The streams emptying into each
of the Great Lakes from the south indicate actual knowledge. Of course, much of
the detail is defective ; but we have now a map which, with at least an approach to
accuracy, represents what is now the Province of Ontario in considerable detail from
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INTRODUCTION. XVll
itR eastern and southern limits north-westward as far as the eastern part of Lake
Superior, and northward to James' Bay. The two Sanson maps mark a distinct and
decided advance in the knowledge of the whole region north of the lakes, and rank
among the important achievements of the European map-makers of the seventeeth
century.
Du Creux's map of 1660 follows Sanson's maps, but varies them in some particu-
lars, generally for the worse. He adds details in the outlines of the lakes, however,
which seem to indicate a more minute, if on the whole less accurate, knowledge.
He settles the Ohio question, which had been raised by Sanson, by summarily
diverting the river into Lake Erie.
XI.
Lake Ontario was known at an early date through Champlain's unsuccessful
attack upon the Iroquois in 1615. He explored from Lake Simcoe to the Bay of
Quinte, and followed both shores of the lake at its eastern extremity. Probably
Brul^in 1615, Daillon in 1626-7, and Br^beuf and Chaumonot in 1639-40 and 1640-41,
saw its western extremity. The Jesuit Poncet, descending the river from the Mohawk
country in 1653, was probably the first white man to see the Thousand Islands, and
Le Moyne, in 1654, attempting to establish the Iroquois missions, the first to ascend
the St. Lawrence.
XII.
As to lakes Erie, St. Clair and Huron, the maps of Sanson and Du Creux repre-
sented practically all that was known prior to 1669. The Georgian Bay was, of course,
well known through the Relations of the Jesuits. Brul^ may have been at the Sault
Ste. Marie in 1624. He and Grenolle were familiar with the route to Lake Superior"
XIII.
Lake Michigan was visited by Nicolet in 1634. He reached Green Bay and the
Fox River, and heard of the ** Great Water '* further to the west. As has already been
stated, Jogues and Raymbault were at Sault Ste. Marie in 1641. In 1654 two French
traders, doubtless Radisson and Groseilliers, penetrated westward of Lake Michigan.
In 1656 they led a fleet of Ojibway canoes loaded with furs, by the Nipissing and
Ottawa route, to the Lower St. Lawrence. In 1658-9 Groseilliers wintered on the
shores of Lake Superior, and heard much from the Indians respecting the Great
River. It is probable that about this time he and Radisson reached the Mississippi.
In 1660 they conducted sixty canoes from Lake Superior to Three Rivers, and
returning took with them Father Ren^ Menard, whose tragic death, somewhere south
of Lake Superior, speedily followed. He and his companions had perhaps seen the
Mississippi. In 1663 the survivors returned to Three Rivers. The arrival of the
annual fleet of canoes from Lake Superior was now a regular occurrence. Both from
the Iroquois and the Ottawas vague stories of the Great River repeatedly reached the
ears of the missionaries and traders. Its exploration awaited the hour and the man.
XIV.
The principal influences in stimulating exploration along the Great Lakes were
four :
1. The Fur Trade,— Duimg the early half of the century French traders went
freely through the Neutral country, notwithstanding the jealousy of the Hurons,
2
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XVm INTRODUCTION
whose monopoly as middlemen between the French and Neutrals was threatened.
The expulsion of the inhabitants of south-western Ontario by the Iroquois, about the
middle of the century, put a stop to further exploration of the Lower Lake region.
Coureurs de bois penetrated far to the west, beyond lakes Michigan and Superior, and
were the first white men after De Soto to gaze on the Mississippi. When, however,
the regular trade route from Lake Superior to the lower St. Lawrence by way of Lake
Nipissing and the Ottawa had been established, the influence of the fur-trade was
exerted in opposition to further exploration. The policy of the administration was
to centralize traffic at the three trading posts, Quebec, Three Rivers and Montreal.
The lawless coureurs de bois not only scattered it over the continent, but carried
their peltries to Albany or Montreal with perfect indifference, as long as they sold
to the best advantage. The most drastic legislation was powerless to control them.
Regulations, with severe penalties, against ranging the woods, the carrying of brandy
to the savages, and trading with the Dutch or English, were alike impartially ignored.
But the courexirs de bois were not always desirous of communicating the knowledge
they had acquired in their illegal explorations. Their interest lay in the opposite
direction.
Systematic exploration was costly, and even when desirous of prosecuting it
the authorities were reluctant to pay for it. On this account the duly authorized
explorer was sometimes empowered by the governor to indemnify himself for the
expenses incurred out of the profits of any furs which might fall in his way. This
naturally aroused the antagonism of the established fur- traders, jealous of their
monopoly, and contemptuously regardless of restrictions imposed upon the explorer,
avowedly for their protection. Of what force were legal restrictions outside of the
effective jurisdiction of the king, a thousand miles from the officers of justice ? Other
means of defence were found. He was harassed at every turn by unexpected attacks,
cabals at the centre of government, intrigues with the native tribes, and vexatious
legal proceedings. In La Salle's case, poison itself was attempted.
2. The Desire to reach Cathay ^ or China, and thereby India. — The Great Lake was
supposed to give access to the Vermilion Sea, or Gulf of California. Hence all eyes
were directed to the north-west in searching for the passage to India, the great ques-
tion which Columbus and his successors had left unsettled.
3. The Copper Mines of Lake Superior, — The mines were known by report to
Cartier and Champlain. At a late period they were investigated by the Jesuits and
special government agents. The authorities regarded them as a possible oflGset to the
possession by Spain of the mines of precious metal in Mexico and Peru. How the
ore was to be got most expeditiously and cheaply to Montreal was a problem that
Courcelles and Talon undertook to solve.
4. Missionary Enterprise. — The conversion of the savages was proclaimed as one
of the chief objects of the government. Champlain at the outset entered into an
alliance with the Hurons and Algonkins, who were in possession of the country
between Georgian Bay and the Ottawa, against the Iroquois, who controlled that
which lay south of Lake Ontario. The route by the Ottawa and Lake Nipissing
being therefore reasonably safe for travel, the Recollets (I6I5-1629), and afterwards
the Jesuits (1634-1650), naturally established their first missions among their friends
and allies, the Hurons, a group of sedentary tribes settled south of the Georgian Bay.
From St. Mary-on-the-Wye as a centre, other missions were dispatched to northern
and north-western tribes. The attempts to establish one among the Neutrals to the
south, as has already been stated, proved abortive.
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INTRODUCTION. XIX
XV.
Owing to all these causes, lakes Huron and Superior, and Green Bay in Lake
Michigan, were known at an early period as compared with the Lower Lakes, where
exploration was blocked by the prevailing fear of the Lroquois, who ruthlessly avenged
the attacks made upon them by Champlain in 1609 and 1615.
XVI.
About the middle of the seventeenth century, the expulsion of the Hurons,
Petuns and Neutrals from the peninsula by the Lroquois, left the latter sole masters
of the Ontario peninsula. The whole territory became their hunting preserve. All
over New France, the river routes and forest trails were infested by lurking bands
from the Five Nations, and the French huddled together for mutual protection in the
forts of the three settlements far down the St. Lawrence. Exploration was at a
stand-still.
When, however, the war of extermination urged by the Iroquois against their
neighbors, the Eries and Susquehannas, left the conquering race isolated from the
fur-bearing portions of the continent, diplomacy was brought into play. They craved
peace with the French, in order that they might be free to tap the north- we«tem fur
trade as middlemen between the natives and the English. The Lower Lakes now
became comparatively safe for travel, but -in the absence of population their shores
possessed no value in the eyes of the French, who passed them without thinking of
exploring the interior.
xvn.
Rumors of the Mississippi and Ohio had from time to time reached Quebec.
These now began to assume more definite shape. The former might be reached from
Green Bay, the latter from the Iroquois country and either end of Lake Erie, and
both streams from the southern extremity of Lake Michigan. Attention was thus
directed to the Lower Lakes, but their importance was subordinate to the main
interest, that of reaching the South Sea by the Great River. Even after the
Mississippi was explored to its mouth and Louisiana was colonized, and forts were
built on the Lower Lakes and on the Ohio and Illinois, to guard the chain of communi-
cation, to hold the English colonies in check, and to intercept the Indian trade, the
Erie and Ontario shores had but little intrinsic value in the eyes of the French.
Their importance was merely incidental to that of the great valleys of the Mississippi
and Ohio.
In 1665 we first hear of the name of the "Father of Waters" in the form
**Mi8sipi" from Father Allouez. He accompanies the returning fleet of canoes up
the Ottawa to Lake Superior, to which he gives the name of ** Tracy." The mission
of St. Esprit is established at La Pointe, near the western end of the lake, among the
Ottawas and Hurons, who had fled thither from the conquering Iroquois.
In 1668 Marquette founded a mission at the Sault. He was shortly afterward
joined by Dablon. In September, 1669, he was sent on to La Pointe, Allouez pro-
ceeding to Mackinac, where the disorderly conduct of the coureurs de hois called for
some one to control and regulate them. Allouez now establishes the mission of St.
Francois Xavier among the Pottawattamies. In the following year we find him on
the Fox River, Lake Winnebago and the Wisconsin, which he reports as leading to
the " Messissippi," only six days distant.
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XX INTRODUCTION
Trouble having broken out between the Hurons and Ottawas at La Pointe and
their western neighbors, the Sioux, the former are driven eastward again to the
Sault, in 1670, Marquette accompanying them. He has heard that the stream which
he now calls definitively the ** Mississippi " is more than a league wide, but is uncertain
whether it flows into the Gulf of Florida or that of California. He has inquired of
the Illinois and Shawnees whom he meets, and is anxious to navigate the Great
River and solve the mystery.
xvm.
Fur traders and coiireicr< de hoi$ had followed the forest trails through distant
regions, and paddled or sailed their canoes on many lakes and rivers, but they were
interested in geography only in so far as it meant profits in the fur trade, and only
occasionally and indirectly was their knowledge published to the world. The Jesuits
included scholarly men, whose interest in exploration was partly national, but chiefly
ecclesiastical. For them discovery meant, not settlement, but new missions, and so
they questioned the traders and tribesmen who came to their bark residences, and
noted down their replies or made maps from hearsay and personal observation, for
the use of themselves and their brethren. But to the authorities little was officially
known. That there was a Great River running south-westerly from somewhere near
the Iroquois country, that there was a Great River running southerly or south-
westerly not far west of Lake Michigan, these were matters of rumor and general
belief. But whether by these was meant one and the same river, and whether the
Great River or Rivers ran to the Gulf of Mexico or the Gulf of California, was matter
of conjecture. If to the latter, tlie long-sought way to China and India was open. If
to the former, the rival claims of Great Britain and Spain were likely to interfere with
projects of French aggrandizement. But the claim of Louis XIV. to sovereignty
would be vastly strengthened if he could show that his subjects were the first to
discover and explore the new territories, and if possession were formally taken of
them by his authority and in his name.
Stimulated or retarded by causes such as have been indicated, the exploration of
the Great Lakes was not a continuous process.
XIX.
When Mazarin died in 1G61, Louis XIV. took the reins of government into his
own hands. Colbert, who now took the place of his principal minister, revolutionized
the administration by his energy and determination. The charter of the Hundred
Associates having been surrendered to the crown in 1663, the latter assumed direct
control in New France. The military and civil administration was apportioned
between the governor, the intendant, the bishop and a few other persons, together
constituting the Sovereign Council. The intendant was Jean Talon. He introduced
order and system where chaos prevailed before. €k)vemment was paternal in the
strictest sense of the term as then understood. Stringent regulations were enacted
regarding the beaver and brandy trades, with two objects in view : that of repressing
lawlessness and disorder and that of more efiectually concentrating the trade of the
colony at the three fortified posts on the lower St. Lawrence. The coureurs de bois
were to be rigorously suppressed. The attempt to enforce the ordinances led to
vigorous protests on the part of the settlers. New r^^ations were made from time
to time, and old ones were allowed to fall into oblivion. The borders of the king's
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INTRODUCTION. XXI
dominions were to be extended in every direction, so that the English and Spaniards
might be limited to a narrow strip of seaboard. New missions were to be established.
The Jesuits, however, were no longer to have a monopoly. The Sulpitians and
Recollets were to be encouraged to share with their rivals in missionary enterprise
and popular influence. A continuous stream of settlers was to flow into New France
under the king's auspices and at his expense. The king's troops were to garrison
strategic points. Manufactories were to be built, mines opened, and trade under
suitable restrictions encouraged in the long-neglected colony. The king, Colbert
and Talon contemplated a vast French empire in the western world.
XX.
Peace having been made between the French and Iroquois in 1667, as the result
of Courcelles' energetic attacks upon the Mohawks, the lakes were again open to
travel. The peace lasted nearly twenty years. The Jesuits renewed their attempts
to establish and extend their missions among the Iroquois south of Lake Ontario.
The Sulpitians turned their eyes to the north shore, where some Cayugas, having fled
from their original home through fear of their bitter and relentless foes, the Andastes,
had settled at the entrance of what is now cidled Weller's Bay, in Prince Edward
County. To the little Cayuga village of Kent^, in the year 1668, came Trouv^ and
F^nelon, members of the Sulpitian order, sent by the Seminary of Montreal to open
a mission among the ''Iroquois of the north." Talon arranged with the Sulpitians
that they should inform him of their discoveries and explorations. The north shore
of Lake Ontario was now to be added to the map of the Great Lakes.
XXL
In 1669 much progress was made in exploration and discovery. The interests
of Church and State were officially combined. The king's dominions and the mission
field were to be expanded simultaneously and by united action. The copper mine
was to be exploited, the Great River to be explored, the route to the South Sea
to be discovered, the English and Spaniards to be confined to a narrow strip of the
Atlantic coast, and the rest of North America to become a French preserve. At the
same time the Gospel was to be preached by Jesuit and Sulpitian and Recollet to
numberless tribes which had never been privileged to hear it, but which should now
be enroUed under the banner of the Cross.
CourceUes and Talon took up the question of the copper mine. The Nipissing
trade-route from Lake Superior was difficult, laborious and costly. Was there not a
cheaper and more practicable way ? Explorers were sent out to solve the problem.
Per6 followed the portage route from Gkindatseteiagon (probably near Bowmanville)
to G^rgian Bay. Jolliet descended the chain of lakes to Lake Erie in a sailing
canoe, and proved that there was uninterrupted water communication from Lake
Superior to Montreal. There was the Niagara portage, to be sure, and hostilet
Andastes infested the eastern shores of Lake Erie, but a great commercial and
geographical fact was established.
xxn.
AU objects were combined in the undertaking which forms the subject of this
volume, and all fell very far short of the results aimed at ; but the actual achieve-
ment was sufficient to make the expedition of prime importance in the history of
exploration in North America. We have now a map of the Great Lakes made by
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XXll INTRODUCTION.
the explorer himself with the aid of instruments for taking latitude, and officially
communicated to the intendant for transmission to the king.
A narrative of the expedition was drawn up by one of the ecclesiastics who took
part in it. It is preserved in the Biblioth^ue Nationale in Paris. The two docu-
ments, together with the proch-wrbal^ asserting the king's title to the new dis-
coveries, are reproduced in this volume.
In the inception of the great enterprise we are introduced to the foremost figures
in Canadian society of the period — Courcelles, the governor ; Talon, the great inten-
dant ; Laval, the first Canadian bishop ; Queylus, first superior of the Seminary of
Saint Sulpice at Montreal.
The expedition brings together not merely the two distinguished ecclesiastics who
completed the first circumnavigation, as it might be called, of that part of Ontario
south of the Nipissing portage route, and whose names are in the title of the narra-
tive, but also two of the most celebrated of explorers. La Salle and Jolliet.
Francis Dollier de Casson, a native of Basse Bretagne, was then thirty-three
years of age. Before entering the Church he had distinguished himself as a cavalry
captain under the great Marshal Turenne, and his physical strength was such that it
was said he could carry two men sitting on his hands. Of noble birth and courtly
and engaging manners, he impressed those he met with a sense at the same time of
his superiority and amiability. He came to the Sulpitians in Montreal in 1666. A
few years later he was superior of the seminary, and afterwards vicar-general of the
diocese and perpetual cur^ of the parish of Montreal.
Ren^ de Br^hant de Galin^ was also of a noble and distinguished Breton family.
He remained in Canada only from 1668 untU 1671. He had received a mathematical
training and knew something of map-making.
La SaUe was not quite twenty-six, and Jolliet was just twenty-four years of age
when they met at Tinawatawa ; the former sprung from a family belonging to the
gentry of Rouen, the latter the son of a waggon-maker at Quebec. Both, and
especially La Salle, were well educated. La Salle had been connected with the Order
of the Jesuits in France, but had abandoned it. Jolliet, educated by them, had
entered the priesthood, but at twenty-one had renounced it to become a fur-trader.
La Salle had come to New France in 1667. He had obtained a grant of a
seigniory from the Seminary of Montreal and begun the erection of a fortified
village, when he was diverted from his purpose by the ** calling of the West." The
Mississippi and Ohio had begun to excite men's minds. La Salle desired to discover
the Ohio and trace it to its supposed outlet in the Yermilion Sea or Gulf of
California.
Dollier de Casson had heard of tribes in the distant south-west on the yet
unknown Mississippi, among which he was eager to b^^ a mission. Courcelles,
the Gk>vemor, persuaded the two men to unite in the expedition. Galin^ was
associated with it at the instance of De Queylus, the superior of the seminary, in
order that there might be a map of the route followed. The government was to be
at no expense. La Salle sold his seigniory to raise funds, and received permission to
engage in the fur trade to reimburse himself. Merchandise was carried to be used
for barter with the natives.
xxm.
The adventurers, with the exception of La Salle, who followed some days after-
ward, left Montreal on the 6th July in seven birch-bark canoes with twenty-one
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INTRODUCTION. XXlll
men, including a surgeon, a Dutch and Algonkin interpreters, besides two canoes
of Senecas, who were to conduct the party. The Dutchman knew the Iroquois
language, but had slight knowledge of French. The canoes were twenty feet in
length and two or three in width. Each was capable of carrying four men and
between eight and nine hundred pounds of baggage, whilst one man could easily
carry it over a portage. A good birch canoe would last five or six years, whilst the
Iroquois vessels, made of elm bark, were good only for a month or thereabouts.
They shot in descending, or dragged their canoes through in ascending, the less
difficult rapids, and carried them around the others. They camped on the bare
ground, and lived on Indian fare — corn-meal mush seasoned with catfish, varied as
chance offered by a diet of venison or moose. The Indians were everywhere hospit-
able, except when crazed with drink. The brandy trade with the Albany Dutch
is incidentally mentioned. Pow-wows were held in regular form, and the Ircquois
hospitality, domestic economy and tribal ceremonies are described. The Frenchmen
were unwilling witnesses to horrible tortures inflicted by savages upon their prisoners,
tortures only equalled by those inflicted about the same time by civilized men in
Europe, and in our own time by lawless mobs in the Southern States. They visit
Jesuit missions among the Iroquois and at the Sault, and criticise freely, but in
courteous and guarded language. Mysterious noises are heard in the forests. It is
the tally-ho of King Arthur's huntsmen that they hear, and the mystery is solved.
A rock, rudely painted by the savages with human figures, is regarded by the
ecclesiastics as a demon. It is ruthlessly broken up and sunk in the river, and God
rewards the daring iconoclasts with an unexpected quarry, which enables them to
break a long fast. Galin^e shared the beliefs of his race and age ; but he had an
eye to the practical. A sulphur spring is visited. The productiveness of choice
regions is described with enthusiasm. Hunting grounds, like the Burford Plains,
the coast opposite Long Point and the Rondeau, are noted down. The writer was
evidently a trained and shrewd observer and practised writer. Few journals of travel
are more interesting or more instructive. The simplicity and quamtness of seven-
teenth century French add piquancy and attractiveness to an official report intrinsically
valuable. Everything bears the stamp of the cultured Christian, the ** gentleman**
of the seminary.
XXIV.
If the expedition was an arduous one, it was certainly deliberate. Thirty-seven
days after leaving Montreal they reached the Seneca village on Boughton Hill, in
New York State. Detained there more than a month, they were ten days on the way
from Irondequoit Bay to the Beverley Swamp. More than three weeks again elapsed
before they arrived at Port Dover, where they built a winter cabin and spent more
than five months. After leaving the mouth of Patterson's Creek in the spring, they
were two months, all but a day, in reaching the Sault Ste. Marie. With the aid of
experienced canoemen, they made the return journey to Montreal over the well-
known Nipissing route in three weeks. Altogether, the journey lasted 347 days.
XXV.
Let us follow their exploration a little more minutely.
Making their way up the St. Lawrence, they coasted all along the south shore
of Lake Ontario to Burlington Bay. They were the first Europeans on record to
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XXIV INTRODUCTION.
enter the Niagara River from Lake Ontario. They heard the roar of the cataract, but
it was more than nine years later before, according to any positive record. La Salle
actually saw it.* They entered Burlington Bay and visited a little Indian village
called Tinawatawa, or Tanawawa, in the great Beverley swamp, near the site of the
present village of Westover. The Senecas had formed a small settlement here on
account of the extraordinary abundance of game, especially the bear and deer. It
was here that a remarkable meeting took place on the 24th September, 1669. JoUiet
and Per^ had left Montreal before the Sulpitians, under orders from the governor
to discover the copper mine on Lake Superior, and to find out an easier route of
transporting the ore to Montreal. Jolliet had not had time to visit the mine, but
an Iroquois prisoner, whom he had saved from being burned by the Ottawas, had
shown him a route to the Iroquois hitherto unknown to the French. It was down
the chain of lakes, and Jolliet was the first European to descend them. But his
guide became apprehensive, as he approached the Iroquois country, of prowling
Andastes. This tribe lived on the upper waters of the Susquehanna, and carried
on a constant warfare with the Iroquois, until the latter destroyed their villages.
Yielding to the guide's urgency, Jolliet left his canoe, probably near Port Stanley,
whence they followed the forest trail to the Grand River, and thence to Tinawatawa,
where they met La Salle and the Sulpitians. Jolliet informed the priests that he had
sent some of his people to look for a nation called the Pottawattamies, where no
missionaries had as yet been. Qalin^ and Dollier at once became eager to go,
by way of this new tribe, to the mission they proposed to establish far down the
Ohio, and Jolliet courteously gave them a sketch of the route he had followed and
explained where he had left the canoe, which was now at their disposal.
XXVI.
La Salle and the priests were evidently at cross purposes, and he took advantage
of the opportunity to leave them. An attack of fever furnished him a reasonable
pretext. So they parted company. JoUiet and La Salle went eastward. The latter
was now free to prosecute the discovery of the Ohio without the impediments of a
double leadership. The priests wrote F^nelon, a brother of the great F^nelon, then
carrying on a mission at Kent^, on Weller's Bay in the north-west end of Prince
Edward County, asking him to send *' black robes" to Tinawatawa. In consequence,
Trouv^, who was extending the chain of Sulpitian missions along the north shore of
Lake Ontario, proceeded to the Beverley swamp in November following. Trouv^
assured Oalin^ that he had heard the noise of Niagara from the neighborhood of
Toronto. Both banks of Lake Ontario had now been explored by members of the
Sulpitian order, to whom the credit is due of having produced the first authoritative
map of this lake.
La Salle went east with four canoes ; the two priests proceeded to the Grand
River, with three. The canoes would only carry two men each besides the baggage,
and there were twelve men in the party, the same number as La Salle's. It was
important that JoUiet's canoe should be secured before it was discovered by Indians.
Accordingly, the Dutchman, who had come with them as interpreter from Montreal,
accompanied by two Shawnees, set out on foot, with provisions and ammunition, to
follow the forest trails to the place of the canoe. There they were to await the
1. Bat see "The DocumenUry History of the State of New York," Vol. L, p. 248 ; also, '* A Brief Hlatorj
of Old Fort Niagara," by Peter A. Porter, Niagara Falls, 1896. p. 18.
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INTRODUCTION. XXV
arrival of the rest of the party. The fate of the three men is unknown. They
were never heard of afterward. Qalin^ describes the finding of the canoe by other
messengers two or three weeks later, and again by the party during the following
April. There is some ground for the surmise that the missing men deserted to
La Salle.
The priests and the remaining seven men descended the Grand River, six in the
canoes or dragging them through the shoal water, the others following the trail along
the bank. Lake Erie seemed to them like a great sea. The wind was strong from
the south. There was perhaps no lake in all the country whose billows rose so high
as Lake Erie, because, as Galin^ naively suggests, of its great depth and its great
extent.
XXVII.
They wintered just above the forks where Black Creek joins the River Lynn,
otherwise known as Patterson's Creek, at Port Dover. The exact spot was identified
in August, 1900, at a meeting of the Norfolk Historical Society, at which it was the
Editor's fortune to be present. Slight elevations indicate the outlines of the building.
Trenches for drainage are quite distinct A slight depression in an embankment
shows where the door stood, near the little rivulet where they gob their water. The
photograph (see frontispiece) shows the site clearly enough.
boquois hunters visited them during the winter and admired the structure,
which was dwelling-house, chapel, granary and fortification all in one. They stored
their granary with some fifty bushels of walnuts and chestnuts, besides apples, plums,
grapes and hackberries. They made wine of the grapes. It was as good aa vin de
QravCy and was used for mass. The riven were full of fish and of beaver. Deer
roamed the meadows in herds of a hundred. Bears were abundant, fatter and of
better flavor than the most savory pigs of France. No wonder that the worthy
priests are enthusiastic over the country. There is assuredly, they say, no more
beautiful country in all Canada. It is the Earthly I^aradise of Canada.
Their dwelling-place was a beautiful spot on the bank of a rivulet, five-eighths
of a mile inland, sheltered from the wind. They set up a pretty altar at one end of
the cabin. There they heard mass three times a week without missing a single time.
•*You may imagine," says Galin^e, **the consolation we experienced in seeing our-
selves with our good God, in the depths of the woods, in a land where no European
had ever been. Monsieur Dollier often said to us that that winter ought to be worth
to us, for our eternal welfare, more than the best ten years of our life."
XXVIII.
On Passion Sunday, 23rd March, 1670, they all proceeded to the lake shore to
make and plant a cross. At its foot were placed the arms of the King of France,
with a formal inscription setting forth how the two Seminary missionaries and seven
other Frenchmen had been the first of all Europeans to winter on the lake, and how
they had taken possession of it in the name of King Louis XIV, as an unoccupied
country, by attaching his arms to the foot of the cross.
Three days later they portaged their canoes and packs to the shore. Black Creek
being still frozen over. Then they sailed across to Turkey Point. A strong head-
wind prevented them from rounding it. While waiting for the wind to moderate,
one of their canoes was caught by it, carried away and lost. Then, with all the
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XXVI INTRODUCTION.
baggage in the two remaining canoes, only two men could be carried in each. Five,
including the priests, must face the forest trail from Turkey Point Coming to Big
Creek, they walked up-stream along its bank until the Walsingham swamp checked
their laborious journey and forced them to follow the stream again to its mouth.
Crossing on a raft, in a snow-storm, they landed in mud and slush up to midl^,
proceeded to the Long Point portage, and then to the mouth of a stream, probably
Kettle Creek, where they found Jolliet's canoe. Then all were able to embark
together, to sail to the Rondeau. They had been nearly starved since leaving Port
Dover. Now they found a herd of more than two hundred does. They fired and
missed. Another herd of twenty or thitty they surrounded and drove into the water.
Killing ten of the best, they supplied their empty larder. Next day, ha\ing sailed
nearly fifty miles, they camped on Point Pelee. A storm rose in the night from the
north-east and carried off the packs of one of Dollier's canoes, including the altar
service and part of their guns, ammunition and provisions.
XXIX.
This disaster put an end to the mission project. All they could do was to make
the best of their way to Montreal. To turn back would perhaps be humiliating.
Allured by the prospect of seeing unknown regions, they determined to go on to the
Sault, and descend by the Nipissing route with some fleet of Ottawa canoes.
They ascended the Detroit River, destroying on the way a stone idol held in
veneration by the Indians. They knew it had been the cause of all their troubles,
and so they took a just revenge upon it. Qod rewarded them the same day with a
deer and a bear.
They found no sign of salt in Sanson's " Lake of the Salt Waters," to which,
ten years later, Hennepin and La Salle gave the name Lake Ste. Claire. They
coasted along the east side of Lake Huron and the south side of Manitoulin Island,
crossed over to the Mackinac Islands, and then sailed eastward along the north shore
to the St. Mary's River. At the Sault they found Marquette and Dablon comfort-
ably established in a fortified mission. Their welcome could not have been a very
cordial one. After three days, they hired a guide to take them to Montroal, where
they arrived on the 18th June, after an absence of nearly a year.
It is hardly to be wondered at if they were looked upon as dead men come to
life again.
XXX.
Galin^e made a map of the journey for Talon. He explains that he only put
down what he actually saw. It was the first map of the Upper Lakes at first hand.
Defective as it is, it marks a great advance in the cartography of North America.
He had delineated from actual observation the St. Lawrence from Montreal
upwards, the south shore of Lake Ontario, the Grand River, and the north shore of
Lake Erie from the mouth of the Grand westward to the Detroit River. He had
traced the Detroit, Lake St. Clair and the St. Clair River into Lake Huron, and the
east and north shores of Lake Huron to the Mackinac Islands, whence he had partly
retraced his route to the St. Mary's River, whose banks and islands are outlined, as
well as the well-known portage route from the Sault, by way of the French River,
Lake Nipissing and the Ottawa, to Montreal. The map shows, but does not name,
Patterson's Creek (above whose forks the party wintered), and two smaller streams
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INTRODUCTION. XXVll
to the east of it ; Big Creek ; four streams entering into Lake Erie, west of Long
Point, including Otter, Catfish and Kettle Creeks, and one other. Clear Creek in
Houghton, or possibly Tyrconnel Creek ; Cedar Creek in Essex, the Rondeau, the
Pelee Islands, and the principal streams flowing into the St. Clair and Lake Huron,
including the Sydenham and Aux Sables, the Maitland and Saugeen. The map is in
some parts quite out of proportion. This is the case with Long Point, which is called
the ''Lake Erie Peninsula." The Thames is not shown, because the explorers did
not see it. Lake Huron is called Michigane, or " Fresh- Water Sea of the Hurons,"
while Georgian Bay is called ''Lake of the Hurons.'' Long Point Bay is entitled
"LitUeLakeof Erie."
XXXL
The map is filled with interesting topographical details, showing careful observa-
tion. Among othjors, the length of nearly every portage along the Nipissing and
Ottawa canoe route is noted. This information would be of service to Dollier, who
had resolved to return next year to establish a mission among the Pottawattamies.
The Sulpitians had, however, a chain of missions already established along the north
shore of Lake Ontario. How could they reach DoUier's mission from the north shore
villages ? Per6 had solved the problem in 1669 by following the trail from Gandat-
seteiagon to Georgian Bay, and proceeding thence by canoe to the Sault Ste. Marie.
Daillon, Br^beuf and Chaumonot had probably followed a more westerly trail or
trails from Matchadash to Burlington Bay, or Lake Medad. It was desirable, in the
interest of both church and state, to show the Iroquois villages, the north shore of
Lake Ontario, and the portage route to Georgian Bay. There is no evidence that
Galin^e added these details to the map. On the contrary, it contains a statement
that he had not seen the north shore, but would add it when seen. There is
nothing to show that he ever saw it. Probably F^nelon, in whose hands the map
was left for some time, and who had wintered at Gandatseteiagon, or Trouv^, who
had visited all the villages, supplemented it by tracing the north shore in a general
way, and marking the village and portage.
xxxn.
The voyage of the Sulpitians gave a great stimulus to exploration. The Jesuits
made an excellent map of Lake Superior in 1671. Parties were sent out by Talon
to the Hudson Bay, by way of the Saguenay. Jolliet and Marquette were despatched
to the Mississippi, which they reached, by way of Green Bay, in 1673, returning by
the Illinois River. La Salle had before then discovered the Ohio, or its western
tributaries — 1670-71 ; but that is a long story. In 1673, at least, the southern ex-
tremity of Lake Michigan was known to the world, and the map of the Great Lakes
was completed. An exception must, however, be made. The south shore of Lake Erie
was not traced. In 1758, Captain Pouchot, Commandant at Fort Niagara, reports
that the detail of Lake Erie is entirely unknown. In a Bellin map of 1755 several
streams on the north shore are called "unknown rivers," whilst the south shore is
said to be "almost unknown." It is true, D'Anville's.maps of 1746 and 1755 give
details of both shores, but they were apparently not generally known. MS. maps
made by engineers of the marine in 1725 and 1749, and filed away in the Paris
archives, evidence some exploration along the north shore ; but the information was
for military purposes especially, and remained buried in the archives.
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XXVlll INTRODUCTION.
Inland Ontario was practically an unknown territory at the conquest in 1759.
The outlines of the peninsula were known, and but little besides. The discovery and
exploration of the interior were reserved for the British.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL.
The Na&kativb.
The MS. original of the Galin^ Narrative consists of twenty-four leaves of letter
paper, clearly and neatly written on both sides, making forty-eight pages. It is one
of many documents now bound up in Vol. XXX. of the Fonds or Collection Benaudot^
in the Biblioth^ue Nationale, Paris, where the present Editor examined it in
September, 1901. When first examined by Margry, in 1847, it was in tiie same
Fonds, eoHon XVI,, lictsse 42, but not yet bound.
Hie Author, — Gkdin^e's name is given in the title as one of the leaders of the
expedition. The map also mentions him in the same capacity. His signature is
appended to the proch-verbal of the taking possession of Lake Erie, after that of
Dollier de Casson. The narrative is in the first person, and mentions DoUier in the
third.
In the '^History of Montreal," Dollier expressly states that he has forwarded
to Paris his own description of the journey, but that it was greatly inferior to
Qalin^e's, which would be found more satisfactory.^ That Gktlin^ wrote the narra-
tive now reprinted is a conclusion beyond reasonable doubt.
Fldce of Composition, — There is internal evidence that the original was written
at Montreal. People "come" to Montreal and *'go" to Quebec. Otondiata
(Grenadier Island) is about forty leagues (ninety-six miles) from **here." La Salle's
men, parting company with the Sulpitians, regarded the latter as courting certain
death, **as indeed they announced here, causing much anxiety to our friends." The
whole narrative predicates Montreal as the author's domicile.
Time of Writing, — The narrative and a rough map were prepared for the same
person.' The missionaries returned to Montreal on 18th June, 1670. Talon arrived
in Quebec on 18th August.' On the 29th August, F^nelon was about to sail from
Quebec for France, ticking a copy of the map with him.^ It is a fair presumption
that the narrative was put in shape between the first and last of these dates. It was,
of course, based upon a journal containing magnetic and astronomical observations,
as well as notes of the itinerary followed and adventures by the way.
For Whom ^vas it Written? — Various names suggest themselves: Talon,
F^nelon, Trouv^, Tronson, Renaudot, etc. The question is considered hereafter
in connection with the map.^
Freservation. — The Infirmes of the Seminary of St. Sulpice, in Paris, had the
original narrative, or a copy, in 1672, or possibly in 1670.' The only original now
knewn to be in existence is in the Biblioth^que Nationale, Paris, bound up in
1. *< Histoire du Montrialt* p. 199. Abb^ Reiuiudot was a friend of Galin^ and the presence of the MB.
in the Benaudot collection is therefore easily understood.
2. See p. 76 pott, 8. Brymner's Report for 1886, p. xjDdr.
4. Margry, ** Diewverte* tt Btablittementtt" Vol I., p. Sa 6. See p. xxzi.
0. Dollier de Casson, " Hutoire du Montreal," p. 199.
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INTRODUCTION. Xxix
Vol. XXX. of the collection of Abb^ Renaudot, the friend of Dollier and Galin^,*
of La Salle, and of Abb^s Arnaold and Bemou. How it got into that collection,
beyond the fact of the friendship of the persons mentioned, we have no means of
knowing. It was perhaps Renaudot to whom Galin^e sent the narrative and rough
map. But of course the narrative might have been obtained by the former from
F^nelon or from the seminary at Paris. It seems to have been completely unknown
to the world at large until 1866. Charlevoix apparently remained in ignorance of
the expedition itself, to say nothing of the narrative. If he knew, he kept the
information to himself.
FuUicatum.—MsLTgry copied it in 1847. He afterward made it known to Faillon
and furnished copies to Parkman and Orsamus H. Marshall.^ Faillon, with the aid
of his copy, published in 1866 a full account of the expedition. It appears in his
** Hittoire de la Colonie Frcmgaise en Canada," Tom. III., pp. 284 to 306.
Printed Copies. — I. In 1876 the SocidU Historique de MontrM published a copy
imder the title, ** Voyage de MM. DoUier et Galinde." It is very defective, whole
paragraphs and sometimes pages even being omitted, others abbreviated and sum-
marized, archaisms modernized, and numerous other liberties taken with the text.
The MS. used by the editor, the late Abb6 Verreau, is now the property of the
Seminary of Quebec. The archivist of Laval, Abb^ Am^d^e €k)sselin, has kindly
furnished a statement regarding it,' of which the following is a translation :
** The text of the narrative, published by Abb^ Verreau, at Montreal, in 1876,
is a MS. furnished to M. Jac. Vigor by Abb^ Faillon, as may be seen by the note
inserted at the beginning of the document in M. Viger's handwriting : ' Present from
Abhd Et^ M^. Faillon, priest of St. S^dpice, to Mr. J. Viger, 2 March, 1858. (Signed)
{J. V.y Below the title it reads: ^ Saint Sxdpice. French Supplement No. 2^60.
Imperial Library, Paris' Abb^ Verreau followed this copy. A score of words
originally left blank in the MS., were added afterwards by another hand and with
blacker ink. These words are reproduced in tJhe Verreau text. Aside from these
slight modifications, and two or three places where the MS. contains * suspension
points,' which M. Verreau has not reproduced, the text seems to me to have been
faithfully followed. The passages underlined in the Verreau text are also underlined
in the MS. The MS. is probably a copy of that used by M. Faillon in his ' History
of the French Colony.' We also have recognized considerable omissions in the
1. Mareriy* " DiwuverUt et EtabUitemenU," VoL I., p. 846, " R^cit d'un ami de VAhbe de OalinSe,"
Note 1.
2. Parkman, ** Discovery of the Great West," 1869, Preface; Marshall, " Historical Writings," p. 189.
8. Le texte du rieit^ pvJblii par M. Vabbi Verreau A Montreal en 1876^ eet un mamteerit foumi d
M. Jac. Viger par M. Vabb6 FailUmy comme on pent le voir par la note ineirie au eommsneement du
eahitr et icrite de la main de M. Viger: ** Priaent de M. FabM EVne Wl. Faillon^ ptre. de St. Sulpiee d
M. J. Viger, U S mart, 1858 (tignd) (J. V.)."
En deteout du titre on lit :
Saint Sulpiee, Supplement frantaie. No. 21,60, Bibl. imphiaU, Parie.
M. VabM Verreau a suivi eette copie. Une vingtaine de mote laieeie d'dbord en hlane dant ce MS.
ont iti ajoutdt emuite par une autre main et avec une enere plue noire. Cee mots eont reproduitt dane
le texte Verreau. A part oes Ugiret modifications et deux ou trois endroits oil le 3fS. ports des points de
suspension que M. Verreau n'a pas reproduits, le texte me semble avoir it^ suivi fidilemisnt.
Les passages souligrUs dans le texte Verreau sont aussi souligrUs dans le MS.
n est probable que ce MS. est une copie de eelui dont tfest servi M. Faillon dans son **Hist. de la
Col Pr."
Nous avons pu oonstater, nous aussi, des lacunes assez considerables dans le texte Verreau; mats le
MS. ne donne aueun renseignemsnt d ee sujet.
Le MS. n'a pas de titres d la marge, comme eelui de M. Verreau.
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XXX INTRODUCTION.
Verreau text ; but the MS. gives no information on this point. The MS. has no
marginal notes such as M Verreau's." The differences between the Verreau and
Margry texts are indicated in the present edition.
U. Margry published the narrative in 1876 in '* M/moires et Documents pour
aervir d Vhistoire des originea Frangaises des pays d'oxUre-mer, Ddcouvertes et EtaJbUsae-
ments des Frangais dans V Quest et dans le Sud de VAmerique SeptentrionaU^" and
in 1879 in ^^ DScouvertes et Etablissements des Frangais dans V Guest et dans le Sud
de VAmSrique Septentrionale^ 1614-1698. M^moires et Documents Inddits BecueiUis
et Publics pa/r PUrre Margry" It occupies pp. 112 to 166 of VoL L, and is entitled :
*'*' Rdcit de ce qui s^est passd de plus remarquable dans le voyage de MM, DoUier et
Gcdlinde (1669-1670)" The present Editor has noted (on p. 68 post) an important
omission by Margry in the curious passage referring to the ** chasse artus "or *' hunt-
ing of Arthur,'* and has made other slight alterations in conformity with the original
MS. On the whole, however, Margry's copy appears to have been carefully made.
Summaries. —1. In French. — (a) As to Faillon*s, see p. xxix ante.
(h) M. Gabriel Gravier, in his ^^ Carte des Chrands La>cs de VAmSrique du Nord
dressde en 1670 Par Brdhant de Qallinde" published at Rouen in 1895, gives a brief
summary.
2. In English. — The following may be noted :
(a) **The Discovery of the Great West," by Francis Parkman, Boston, 1869, has
a few pages in Chapter II. devoted to the expedition.
(6) '* The First Visit of De la Salle to the Senecas, made in 1669," a paper read
by Orsamus H. Marshall before the Bufialo Historical Society in 1874, and published
in the volume of his Historical Writings, comprises an English version of the part
relating to the State of New York (corresponding to pp. 21 to 43 post inclusive, to
end of first paragraph on the latter page), and a very brief prdds of the remainder of
the story. Mr. Marshall used the MS. copy furnished him by M. Margry.
III. In "The South wold Earthwork and the Country of the Neutrals," a paper
read before the Canadian Institute, Toronto, in 1892 (afterwards expanded somewhat
in ** The Country of the Neutrals (as far as comprised in the County of Elgin), from
Champlain to Talbot " (St. Thomas, 1896), the present Editor summarized the portion
relating to the Province of Ontario.
The first English version of the complete text is that which is now offered to the
public.
The PROCfeS-VERBAL.
The original is in the archives of the Ministkre de la Marine et des Colonies^
under the classification : *' Canada, Correaponda^ice GdiieraXe, 1668-1672, Vol. 3.
M. Talon, Intendant."^ It occupies half a page of folio 56, and has doubtless re-
mained in the archives ever since 1670, when it accompanied the amended map,
Talon having forwarded both to the king with his memoir of 10th November, as
indicated by a memorandum on the map itself.' It was printed in French by Abb^
Faillon in 1866^ by the Socidtd Historiqiie de Montrdal in 1875^ and by Margry in 1876.*
An English version was published by the present Editor in 1893 and 1895.®
1. Brymner'fl Report for 1885, p. zxxiv. 2. See pp. 78, Impost
8. "Histoire de la Colani* Frangaite en Canada" Vol. III., p. 301.
i. Voyage de MM. DoUUr et Oalinie. 5. ** DSeouvertes et BtaMiasemenU," Vol I., p. 166.
6. ** The Southwold Earthwork and the Coantry of the Neutrals," by James H. Coyne, in Boyle's Arcfae-
olofi^ical Report, Toronto, 1898, p. 22 ; ** The Countiy of the Neutrals," by James H. Coyne, St Thomas, 1S8&.
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INTRODUCTION. XXXI
THE MAP.
The Sulpitians returned to Montreal on the 18th June, 1670, baffled in their
attempts to reach the Ohio and to establish their mission, but with an extraordinary
and valuable fund of information. The expedition had its political as well as religious
side, and the civil and ecclesiastical authorities were alike interested in the map,
which was to show an extensive addition to the king's dominions, as well as to point
the way to new mission fields. Galin^e was still suffering from tertian fever. When
he had sufficiently recovered, no time was lost in preparing the map, which had
constituted one of the reasons for his becoming a member of the expedition. For
whom did he make it? The narrative does not say, and we are left largely to
conjecture.
The names of De Queylus, Superior of the Seminary at Montreal ; Tronson,
Superior at Paris ; Dollier, leader of the expedition on its missionary side ; Talon, the
Intendant, and the Abb^ de F^nelon and Renaudot, present themselves in this
connection. Galin^e's skill in map-making had influenced the Superior in selecting
him as a member of the party, and the map was looked for. But the mention
of De Queylus in the third person (p. 75) does not favor the theory that he is also
the person addressed as *' you " on the same page.
Dollier now purposed reaching the Ohio and his proposed mission by way of the
Ottawas,' and the map would be useful for his journey. " The History of Montreal "*
attributed to and probably written by him, is in the form of letters purporting to be
sent annually to France, and apparently edited in 1672 as a whole, and sent to the
Infirmes of the Seminary of St. Sulpice in Paris. The writer of the letters appears
to have sent them in 1670 his own description of the journey, disparaging it, how-
ever, as inferior to Galin^e's, which " will give you more satisfaction."* This would
indicate that Galin^e's narrative preceded or accompanied Dollier's to Paris. It may
reasonably be inferred that Fenelon carried Dollier's letter and the two narratives
to the Seminary, while acting as Talon's messenger, with the map referred to in the
latter's letter to Colbert, dated 29th August, 1670.*
The "other" missionary was, of course, Galin^e. Fenelon had spent the winter
of 1669-70 at Gandatseteiagon, a Seneca village near the present town of Bowmanville,
where he had opened a mission. Is it not likely that the map legends on the north
1. See p. 71. This purpose was not carried out. 2. Printed by the SodiU HUtorique de Montria 1, 1868
a " Histoire du MontrSal" Montreal, 1868, pp. 6, 199.
4. Margry, "Dicouvertes et Etc^litMements," Vol. I., p. 80. " Comme M. FabM de Fdnelon, tiri du e^min-
aire de SahU-Sulpieet a fait une ynisiion ehsz lee Iroquoie avee lee qttele il a hiverrU et qu'en tout ce qu'il
d peu il a iravailU d me donner let eanruiUeaneee que je ne pouvoie avoir que par luy, pour leg descou-
vertea que je dMroie /aire il mSriteroit Moneeiffneur, que vous lui tetmoignaeaiez quelque aatiefaetion
8ur eon ZHe au service. Un autre Missionaire, iiri du mesme lieu^ a perd plus avant que luy^ pour me
dtmner la connaissance d'une rivi^e que je eherehoiSt pour /aire la communiecUion du lae Ontario au lac
des HuronSy oil, on dit qu'e9t la mine de cuivre. Ce missionaire a fait une carte de son voyage dont la
eopie est entre les mains du dit sieur de Finelon. EUe peut /aire un asset juste sujet de votre euriositd.*'
Translation.— "As the Abb^ de Fenelon, of the Seminary of St. Sulpice, has established a n.ission among the
Iroquois with whom he has wintered, and as he has labored in every possible way to give me the informa*
tion, which I could not get otherwise than through him, for the discoveries I wished to make, he deserves,
my Lord, that you should give him some recognition of your satisfaction with his zea} in the service.
Another missionary from the same quarter has penetrated farther than he, to give me information of a river
I was seeking, to form the oommunioation between Lake Ontario and Lake Huron, where the copper mine is
said to be. This missionary has made a map of his journey, the oopy of which is in the said Sieur de F^nelon's
hands. It may be of interest to you."
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XXXU INTRODUCTION.
shore of Liake Ontario, together with the outline of the north shore itself, are
the work of F^nelon, added by him while the copy was in his hands, and not that of
G^alin^e, who carefully states that he has mapped the south shore with some degree
of exactness, but reserved the accurate delineation of the north shore until he shall
have seen it ?*
From the facts abbve set forth it appears possible that the map was made for
F^nelon, Galin^e knowing that the latter was about to leave for France and to report
to the seminary at Paris as well as to carry Talon's despatches to Colbert Upon the
whole, however, the preponderance of evidence would seem to favor Talon.
His plans for extending the king's dominions were carefully considered. Each
new discovery was to be evidenced by a formal proch-Terbal,^ The explorers were
to keep regular journals, follow written instructions, set up the king's arms, and take
formal possession.'* A map would be a matter of course. Galin^e and F^nelon, as
well as ^olliet and Per^, were acting under instructions from him.^
Galin^e, in sending the narrative and map, was unable to make the latter as
perfect as he desired. He was pressed for time.^ Now, Talon, eleven days after
his arrival in Quebec, sent a despatch to Colbert by F^nelon announcing the respec-
tive discoveries of F^nelon and Galin^, and specially commending the map to
Colbert. Is it not reasonable to suppose that the map was hurriedly prepared by
Galin^e after Talon's arrival and at his instance, in time to catch the vessel that
carried F^nelon with Talon's despatches back to France ?
The corrected map was soon afterward ready, and with it the procis-verbcU of the
taking possession of the Lake Erie region. Of so much importance were they deemed
that Talon, on the 10th November, 1670, encloses both documents to the king,'
with a statement of the steps taken towards new discoveries by La Salle, Saint Lusson
and Per^, as well as the Sulpitians. The inference is obvious that the narrative, map
and proch-verhal constituted together the official report of Qalin^ to the intendant,
the map that accompanied the narrative being a rough copy hastily prepared ''to
catch the boat," and the one sent to the king being the corrected one promised in
the narrative. In this view of the question it is a fair presumption that F^nelon or
Trouv^, or both together, co-operated with Galin^e to make the map more complete
and useful by adding the Lx>quois villages on the north shore of Lake Ontario, and
also the portage route to the Georgian Bay. The additions would aid in impressing
upon the king the importance of Talon's grand scheme of fortified posts north and
south of the lake to capture the trade, not only of the Iroquois on both shores, but
also of the tribes of the North-West« and to divert it from Albany to Quebec.
The map and proems-verbal were deposited in the royal archives, and after various
removals finally transferred to the GraiuU Archives of the D4p6t des Cartes de la
Marine et des Colonies. The map was still there in 1856. In 1863-64 the depart-
mental maps were transferred to the library of the D^pdt^ but Harrisse thinks tkt
Galin^e map did not enter the library. In 1866 Faillon speaks of it as still preserved
in the Depot, from which he says he procured his copy, of which a reduction is
1. Pott p. 83, No. 23 ; p. So, No. 36 ; alao, Note 4, p. 88. 2. Ibid,
3. Ck)Ibeit to Talon, 5th April, 1666, Margry, **Dicouvertes et EtabliMtmerUs," Vol. I., p. 77.
4. Talon to the king, 10th October, 1670, ibid,, p. 82.
6. See Note 4, p. xxxi anU, See also Patoulet to Colbert, 11th November, 1669, Margry, "D^couvert4$
tt BtablitMmenti," Vol. I., p. 81.
6. •' Which I will correct when I have time," page 75 poU, 7. See extract, Note 2, p. 78 pott.
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INTRODUCTION. XXXUl
prmted in his history.^ Harrisse vainly looked for it daring the siege of Paris in
1870.' At the instance of M. Gabriel Qrayier, M. Armand Sanson made further
unsuccessful searches in December, 1890, in the library, and in January, 1891, in the
archives of tha D^p6t des Cartes et Flans de la Marine.' In September, 1901, with
the courteous aid of M. Buteux, archivist of the D^p6t, who, in the temporary
absence of the librarian, was then in charge of the library of the D^p6t, the Editor
made a further search, but was also unable to find it.^ It is, of course, possible
that the map has been merely mislaid, and may reappear unexpectedly at some future
time, but the mysterious disappearance of several of the most valuable maps from the
D^pdt is meanwhile a cause of regret to the historical student
Early Copibs.
1. A copy dated 1671 (?) was deposited in the archives of the French Foreign
Office. This is no longer to be found.*
2. On 13th May, 1687, the French Government sent copies of the map and
proc^'Verhal to London in support of its claim to the Lower Lakes and surrounding
regions/ Nothing appears to be known to-day of this map.
Rboent Tracings.
Four tracings, all probably made between 1850 and 1870, may perhaps be termed
original :
1. Pierre Margry's — This forms part of the collection formed by M. Margry,
director of the Archives of the Marine and Colonies at Paris, to illustrate the six
volumes of his ^^ D^couvertes et MtabUssements." After M. Margry's death the
collection was purchased by Mr. Edward E. Ayer, of Chicago. Referring to the
legends on this copy, Mr. Ayer's secretary, Miss Clara A. Smith, says : '^I had some
little difficulty, and was occasionally in doubt as to a word, as the Margry map was
first traced, and the inscriptions written, with lead-pencil, and afterwards retraced
with pen and ink."^ Margry showed his copy to M. Gravier, but refused to permit
him to copy the legends.^
2. P. X. Morin*8. — Made in May, 1864, according to his attestation dated
Ist June, 1880, this tracing is now in the library of Laval University. It is 4^
feet by 2^ feet M. Morin was employed by the €k)vemment of Canada to make
copies of maps in the Paris archives This copy agrees almost exactly with Margry's.
3. Francis Fa/rkmam,*s, — This is now in the library of the Harvard University,
having been handed over by Mr. Parkman with his large collection of MS. copies
of maps which were made mainly about 1856 by P. L. Morin. '^ According to General
1. Faillon, " Hiftoire de la Colonie Frangaiie en Canada,** Tom. III.
2. **Note$ 8ur la Nouvelle Franee" xxv., p. 198 ; also, Onvier, **Carte dee Orands Laee,** p. 24.
8. Onvier, **Carte dee Grande Lace,** p. 24.
4. M. Gabriel Mariel, librarian of the Biblioth^ue Nationale (seotion of mape and plansX informed the
-writer that he dlstinotly remembered seeing a oopy in the album or portfolio of maps in the D^p6t. It waa^
however, a tradng, not the original, aooording to his recollection.
6. Marcel, **Cartographie de la Nouvelle Franee," p. 28 ; [Qravier, **Carte dee Orands Lace,** p. 24.
6. Faillon, i\nd„ p. 807, referring to Arthivee de. la Marine ; Mimoiree Qiniraux ew le Canada, IS
mwi, 1687,
7. Letter to the Editor, April 28rd, 1902. 8. Gravier, ibid,, p. 27.
9. Wineor, " Narrative and CriUoal History," Vol. IV., p. 201.
3
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XXXIV INTRODUCTION.
John S. Clark, Parkman placed restrictioiis upon copying the map, whilst permitting
its examination.^
4. Orsamus H, ifafs^aU*«.-^This was received from M. Margry by the late Mr.
Marshall, of Buffiilo.* It was for many years among the latter's papers, but is not
now to be found.'
The eyidence of the existing tracings would indicate that they are all '* originals,"
that is, made directly from the map in the Paris archives, as, whUst agreeing in
almost everything, each supplies legends omitted in the others.
DiBIVATrVI COPIBS OF THB MORIN T&ACINO.
1. That of the Parliamentary Library^ Ottanoa, — This is on stiff paper. A
memorandum dated 1st June, 1880, signed by P. L. Morin, states that it was made
in May, 1854. According to Harrisse,^ there was a copy, made in 1856, in this library.
If so, it has disappeared.^
2. FaiUorCs, — A reduced copy is printed in the third volume of *' Abb^ Faillon's
^^Histoirt de la CoUmxe Frangaise en Canada^" opposite p. 904. Speaking of the
original in the D^p6t des Colonies^ he writes (p. 306) : ^' 0*est de la que nous Vavons
tir4e p<mr la placer dans cet ouvrage." His reproduction is almost identical with
the Parliamentary Library copy. The legends of the three tracings mentioned above
are greatly abbreviated and many omitted altogether, whilst the map is reversed, the
orientation being as in modem maps, and the legends are made to read accordingly.
Apparently, Morin wished to ** popularize" his copy for the library of Parliament
by simplifying the legends and diminishing their number and length, and Faillon
used the library copy for his work. Otherwise we must assume that there were two
originals in the D^t des Cartes at Paris, and that the three tracings were made
from the more complete map which was made with orientation reversed (according to
modem ideas), whilst the Faillon and Parliamentary Library copies were made from
the less complete map, which was oriented as in maps of the present day. The
Faillon copy, still further reduced, was reproduced by Dean Harris in his ''EUstory
of the Early Missions in Western Canada," Toronto, 1893, and by J. H. Coyne (from
the plate used by Dean Harris) in his *^ Country of the Neutrals," St Thomas, 18d5.
3. Oravier's. — M. Benjamin Suite sent a tracing of a Morin copy (apparently
the Parliamentary Library one) to M. Gabriel Gravier, who reproduced it on a
reduced scale in his ^^ Carte des Grands LacSy" Rouen, 1895.
These three copies are substantially identical in outline and legends. The
Faillon copy, however, is the only one that has the **rose" showing the points of
the compass. This is perhaps confirmatory of the surmise that there may have
been two originals in the archives, both now lost.
1. *'A copy from the original wm In the collection of the late Francis Parkman, and deposited bj bim in
Hanrard UniTerslty Library, with the restriction that no copy shonld be made of this or any others of the
collection. Mr. Parkman very kindly gave me permission to make a copy of the Galin^e map or any other."
—Letter^ OwenU John S. Clark to Jamtt H, Coyne^ June ISth, 1898,
2. ** Historical Writings of Orsamus H. MarshaU,** Albany, ISH, p. 190.
8. His son, Mr. Charles D. M&rshall, at the writer's solidtaUon, kindly searched for it in 1900, bat wis
onable to find it.
4. " Notes," p. 198. 6. See Oravier, **CarU des Orandt Laes^** Booen, 1896, p. 26.
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INTRODUCTION. XXXT
The Pa&kman T&aoinq.
General John S. Clark made a tracing from the Parkman copy in 1882. It is
reproduced herewith for the first time, on a scale of fiye-eighths. The printed copy
has been compared by the writer, or at his instance, with the Parkman, Margry and
Morin tracings, and with the Faillon, Parliamentary Library and Gravier copies.
With the consent of the librarian of Harvard University, Mr. David M. Matteson, M. A.,
collated it minutely with the Parkman tracing. He found them to agree in almost
every detail, the omission from the General Clark copy of what is now known
as Chantrey Island, on the east side of Liake Huron, being the most important
discrepancy. Flaws in the plate erroneously show a gap in the eastern shore of Lake
Erie. Others might be taken to indicate a few minute islands in Lake Huron, which
do not appear in the Parkman copy. The legends are identical except in one or two
words and in unimportant minutisB. He adds: ** Attention is called to the small
inlet on the south side of Lake Ontario. In the Parkman copy this is left open
to indicate a river; in this copy it is closed. In the Parkman copy there is no
legend on Lake Ontario. The east and west line on this copy, passing through
*^Presq*Ide du lac d*ErU,** is not in the Parkman copy. In the Parkman copy
lines radiate from each point of the star to the extremities of the map."
Miss Clara A. Smith, who compared the printed copy with Margry's tracing,
reports as follows : " I found that the inscriptions varied very little from the Margry
copy except in capitalization and sometimes in spelling. There were a few inscrip-
tions that were not on the Parkman copy, and I also found that M. Margry had
omitted some. . . . The outline I should judge is about the same. And the
inscriptions all read from the bottom of the map instead of from the top."
Again referring to the Gravier copy, she writes : '* I do not think that the Morin
(i.e. Gravier) copy could have been made from the Margry ; there is hardly a group
of islands that is laid down exactly the same. But the Faillon copy agrees with the
Margry perfectly, in outline, in the position and shape of the islands, in the shape
of the compass, in everything but the omission of the legends. (This reminds me to
say that there are no radiating lines from the compass in the Margry map.) I should
think it very possible that the Faillon map was a copy from the Margry, or at least
made by Margry, as you suggested. . . . There are no marks to indicate the
four Neuter villages on the Grand River."
Abb^ Am^d^e Gosselin, who made a very minute comparison of the printed copy
with the Morin tracing in Laval University, supposes that the discrepancies between
the Faillon and Morin copies can be explained by supposing that there were two
originals at Paris. He adds : *'Xa carte que nous avons a 4J pieds sur 2^. Sep-
tenirion en has, midi en haut, etc, . . . Nous avons comparS sotgneitsement votre
carte avec la copie de Morin. II y a pen de differences essentidles entre la copie
compietde en encre rouge^ et celh de Morin, Fresqiie toutes les additions faites d^apris
la carte de Margry par Jf* Clara A, Smith sont sur la copie de Morin, . . .
La copie de Morin contient trois rdseaux de lignes au lieu d'un comme dans votre
copie, Les deitx rdseaux de chctque c6td sur la mime ligne horizontale que celui du
centre, hitn entendu, sont, Vun a 14 pouces du centre, Vautre, celui de droite, d 18
pouces. Toutes les lignes rayonnent jusqu^d VextrdmM de la carte et sont heaucoup
plus nomhreuses que celles de la copie Farkman otV les lignes ne partent que des
1. Miss OUra A. Smith had written in red ink the legends in the Margry copy omitted in the printed one.
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XXXVl INTRODUCTION.
pointes de V^^oile, tandiaqiie dans la eopie Morin^ U y a, de plus, trots Ugnes entre
chaque poirUe» VitoUe est erdovflr^e d*un oerde, Sur Us cdUs^ les lignes partenJb
cTtm point J*^
In the Parliamentary Library and Ghravier copies the rose^ or star, showing the
orientation, is omitted altogether. The former has instead two crossed lines only ;
the latter has numerous lines ruled, as if to show latitude and longitude, as in a map
of the present day. The former shows the four village sites west of the Grand River,
as in the printed copy.
It will be seen from the above that there has been a curious fatality connected
with the originals and copies. The two originals have disappeared. Of the copies,
but three remain of those that appear to have been made directly from the original —
Margry's, at Chicago ; Morin's, at Laval University ; and Parkman's, at Harvard.
They are substantially identical. Where they differ in any important sense they
supply each other's omissions.
Of the two copies heretofore printed, Faillon's is nearly correct in outline ; tJie
Gravier copy less so. But they are very defective in the legends, omitting most of
the longer and some of the shorter ones, and abridging and otherwise mutilating some
of the remainder.
The present print, as supplemented by the annotations, should be as nearly as
possible complete in both outline and legends. The differences* between it and the
other copies, whether primary or secondary, except some differences in spelling, are
indicated in foot-notes. Where legends in the printed copy are omitted from the
Morin or Margry copy, and vict vtrsa, it may be inferred that the original map
contained all the omitted words.
L TransUted as follows : ** The map we have is 4| feet bj S^noith at the bottom, soath at tiie top, eta
• . • . WehayeoarefaUyoomparedyonrmap wiUiMorin'soopy. There are few essential differenoes be-
tween the copy completed in red ink and Morin's. Almost aU the additions made by Miss Olara A. Smith from
Margry's map are on Morin's copy. Morin's contains three networks of lines instead of one, as in your oopy.
The two networks on each side — on the same horizontal line as that of the centre, Uiat is to say— are, the one
14 inches from the centre, the other, on the right hand, 18 inches. All the lines radiate to the extremity of
the map, and are far more namerous than those of Uie Parkman copy, in which the lines run only from the
points of the star, whilst in the Morin copy there are three additional lines between each point. The star is
surrounded by a circle. At the sides, the lines run from one point.**
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EXPLANATIONS OF VARIATIONS IN THE TEXT.
In general, the text is that of Margry/ and the readings in the foot-notes are
those of the Verreau edition.*
In the few instances in which the text differs trom Margry's it has been amended
by the writer to conform to the fiiS. original.
Exceptions to the above rules, other than mere differences in spelling, are
specially mentioned in the foot-notes.
Words and passages in either version not found in the other are enclosed in
square brackets thus< [ ]. The reader will, of course, understand that these brackets
do not belong to the text, and that they are not used in the case of substitution of
one word for another, the latter being indicated in foot-notes. These brackets
indicate an omission, abbreviation or gloss by the copyist of the Verreau text.
There are minor variations, to which it has not been deemed expedient in every
case to call attention in the text. For example, the use of figures for words, d for
ou, of the singular for the plural, or vice versa in each of these cases, or the adoption
of a modernized spelling by the copyist. This applies also to proper names, in the
spelling of which great liberty prevailed in the seventeenth century. The Editor of
the present volume has, in general, adopted the now approved mode of spelling
DoUier, Galin^ and Fr^min. It is a curious circumstance that whilst Margry usually
has "DoUer" and **Gallin6e," and Verreau usually "DoUier" and "Galin^,"
the MS. original gives the names in the title of the narrative as " Dolier et Gralin^e,"
whilst in the map they appear as "Dolier etOalin^" The spelling "JoUiet" has
been adopted in preference to " Joliet." While his father called himself " Joliet,"
the explorer wrote " Jolliet," and surely he had a right to change the spelling if he
thought fit.
1. "Btablittemmti et Dieouvtrtn/' Paris, 1879, VoL I.. pi». 112 to 166.
2. "Voyage de MM. DoUier et QaKtUe,** Monimd, 1875.
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(1)
r2)
^-z^vrdz-^Cr^
3, /i-CoAude^^
(4) JmcoCuj ^WiHta^X
(7)
(^)
^;5^-^xt<gM^^s^^
(1) Louis XIV.- -('i) Daniel de Remy de Courcelle, Governor of
Canada— (3) Le Cavelier (De la Salle)— (4) Father Fremin— (5) L.
JoUiet— ((>) Abb«'' Trouve— (7) F. de S'alagnac (Abbe Fenelon)— (8)
Father Claude Dablon.
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I. GALIN^E'S NARRATIVE.
II. THE PROCi:S-VERBAL.
III. THE MAP LEGENDS.
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CE QUI S'EST PASSfii DE PLUS REMARQUABLE DANS LE
VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALINfiE
(1669-1670).
L'an 1669 M. Dollier alia passer one paride de lliiver avec an capi-
taine Nipissirinien, appel^ Nitarikyk, pour apprendre dans les bois la
langae AJgonquine. Le capitaine avoit on esclave dont les Outaouacs
lay avoient fait pr^nt Tann^e pr^dente, qui estoit d'one nation fort
esloign^ da Sad-Oaest Get esclave fat envoy^ par son maistre an
Montr^l poar y chercher qaelqae chose. D y vint voir M Tabb^ de
Qaeylas devant qai il fit ane description si naive da chemin de son
pays, qa'il fit croire k toat le monde qa'il I'avoit fort present, et qa'il y
poarroit facilement condaire toas ceax qai y voadroient aller avec lay.
M Tabb^ de Qaeylas, qai a an z^le fort grand poar le salat des
saavages de ce pays, et qai vit qae cet homme poarroit beaacoap servir
poar la conversion des peaples de son pays, qa'il disoit estre en fort
grand nombre, ne crat poavoir mieax fcdre qae d'escrire k M. Dollier,
par ce mesme esclave, qae s'il se troavoit toasjoars dans la mesme dis-
position qa'il lay avoit tesmoign6e depais longtemps poar travailler aa
salat des saavages, qa'il croyoit qae Diea lay en pr6sentoit ane belle
occasion par le moyen de cet esclave qai le poarroit condaire parmi des
nations inconnaes jasqa'icy aaz Fran9ois, et qai aaroient peat-estre plas
de docility qae celles qae noas avons connaes jasqaes icy, aapr^ des-
qaelles on n'a pa encore faire aacan fruit.
M. Dollier, qai estoit v^ritablement dans le dessein de se sacrifier
dans qaelqaes-anes^ des missions de ce pays, prit cette occasion comme
si elle lay eat estd envoy^ de Diea, et fit grande amiti^ k cet esclave,
taschant de tirer de lay qaelqae connoissance de sa langae natarelle.
Enfin, il fit si bien aapr^ de cet homme, qa'il tira promesse de lay qa'il
le condairoit dans son pays.
Ce fat dfiuis ce dessein qae M. Dollier revint da' bois avant les
saavages avec qai il estoit, afin d'aller k Qa^bec acheter les choses qai
estoient n^cessaires poar cette entreprise, apr^ avoir recea de M. de
Qaeylas les ordres n^cessaires.
^ R^it de oe qui s'eet pass^, etc. (Margry). The first and third lines of the title are
omitted by Verrean. Unless otherwise stated, the foot-notes which follow give the
readings in Verreau's text. * qaelqn'ane. * des.
2
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I.
THE MOST NOTEWORTHY INCIDENTS IN THE JOURNEY
OF MESSIEURS DOLLIER AND QALINfiE
(1669-1670).
In the year 1669 M DoUier spent part of the winter with a Nipis-
sing chief named Nitarikyk in order to learn in the woods the Algonkin
language. The chief had a slave the Ottawas had presented to him
in the preceding year, from a very remote tribe in the south-west.
This slave was sent by his master to Montreal on some errand. He
came and saw here the Abb^ de Queylus, in whose presence he gave
so naive a description of the route to his country that he made every-
body believe he was thoroughly familiar with it, and could easily con-
duct any persons that should wish to go there with him.
The Abb^ de Queylus, who is very zealous for the salvation of
the Indians of this country, saw that the man might be of great service
in the conversion of his countrymen, who, he said, were very numerous.
So he thought he could not do better than write M. DoUier by this same
slave, that if he was still of the same disposition that he had long since
manifested to him, to labor for the salvation of the Indians, he believed
God was presenting an excellent opportunity by means of this slave.
The latter would be able to conduct him amongst tribes hitherto
unknown to the French, and perhaps more tractable than those we
have hitherto known, amongst whom, so far, it has been found im-
possible to produce any result.
M. DoUier, who was actually intending to sacrifice himself in some
of the missions of this country, seized this opportunity as if it had been
sent him from Gk)d, and made great friends with the slave, endeavouring
to acquire from him some knowledge of his native tongue. In short, he
mana<2;ed so well with the man that he extracted a promise from him
to conduct him to his own country.
With this purpose in view M. Dollier returned from the woods in
advance of the Indians with whom he was sojourning, in order to go
to Quebec to buy the necessary supplies for the undertaking, after
receiving the necessary orders from M. de Queylus.
3
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4 LE VOYAGE DE Mil. DOLLIER ET GALIN^K
Ce f ut en ce lieu que M. de Courcelles le pria de vouloir s'unir avec
M. de la Salle, fr^re de M. Cavelier, pour faire ensemble le voyage que
M. de la Salle avoit pT6m6ditk depuis longtemps vers une grande riviere
qu'il avoit conceue (selon ce qu'il pensoit avoir appris des sauvages)
avoir son cours vers I'Occident, au bout de laquelle, apr^ sept ou huit
mois de marche, les dits sauvages disoient que la terre estoit coup^,
c'est-a-dire, selon leur mani^re de parler, que cette riviere tomboit dans
la mer, et cette riviere s'appelle dans la langue des Iroquois Ohio. C'est
sur cette riviere que sont plac^es quantity de nations dont on n'a veu
encore personne icy, mais si nombreuses qu'au rapport des sauvages,
telle^ nation aura^ 15 ou 20 villages. L'esp^rance du castor, mais sur-
tout celle de trouver par icy passage dans la mer Vermeille, oh. M. de la
Salle croyoit que la riviere d'Ohio tomboit, luy firent entreprendre ce
voyage pour ne pas laisser k un autre Thonneur de trouver le chemin de
la mer du Sud, et par elle celuy de la Chine.
M. de Courcelles, gouvemeur de ce pays, vouloit appuyer ce dessein
oil M. de la Salle lui faisoit voir quelque probability, par un^ grand
nombre de [belles] paroles dont il ne manque pas, mais enfin ce voyage
tendoit k une descouverte qui ne pouvoit estre que glorieuse k celuy
sous le gouvemement duquel elle se faisoit et qui, de plus, ne lui cou-
stoit rien.
Ce dessein autoris6 de M. le Gouverneur, lettres patentes furent
exp^i^es & M. de la Salle qui portoient permission de f ureter [dans]
tons les bois et toutes les rivieres et lacs du Canada, pour voir s'il n y
auroit rien de bon, et prifere aux gouvemeurs des provinces fes-quelles il
pourroit arriver, comme de la Virginie, Floride, etc., de luy permettre
passage et donner secours comme ils voudroient que nous leur fissions
en pareil cas. Ce f ut encore pour appuyer ce dessein que M. Dollier fut
pri6 par M. le Gouvemeur de toumer son zfele vers les peuples habitans
sur la rivifere d'Ohio et de vouloir accompagner M. de la Salle. H y eut
de plus permission aux soldats qui vouloient entreprendre ce voyage de
sortir des* troupes, tant [il] y a que ce voyage fit grand bruit.
MM. Dollier et de la Salle^ remont^rent au Montreal apr^ avoir
fait leurs emplettes k Quebec, et achet^rent^ le plus de canots qu'ils
purent afin de pouvoir emmener avec eux le plus de monde que faire se
pourroit. M. Barth^lemy estoit destin^ pour estre de la partie et avoit
receu mission de M. Tfivesque de' Canada aussy bien que M. Dollier.
Ainsi, sur la fin du mois de juin, 1669, tout le monde se pr^paroit tout
de bon pour partir. M. de la Salle vouloit mener 5 canots et 14 hommes^
et MM. Dollier et Barth^lemy 3 canots et 7 hommes.
^ cette. * aurait. ' parmi grand nombre. * de troupe.
» M. Dollier et M. de la Salle. • achetant. ' du.
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THE OmO AND THE WAT TO CHINA. O
It was at this place that M. de Courcelles requested him to unite
with M. de la Salle, a brother of M. Cavelier, in order that they might
together make the journey M. de la Salle had been long premeditating
towards a great river, which he had understood (by what he thought he
had lecuned from the Indians) had its course towards the west, and at
the end of which, after seven or eight months' travelling, these Indians
said the land was " cut," that is to say, according to their manner of
speaking, the river fell into the sea. This river is called, in the language
of the Iroquois, '* Ohio." On it are settled a multitude of tribes, from
which as yet no one has been seen here, but so numerous are they
that, according to the Indians' report, a single nation will include 15 or
20 villages. The hope of beaver, but especially of finding by this route
the passage into the Vermilion Sea, into which M. de la Salle believed
the river Ohio emptied, induced him to undertake this expedition, so as
not to leave to another the honor of discovering the passage to the
South Sea, and thereby the way to China.
M. de Courcelles, the Governor of this country, was willing to sup-
port this project, in which M. de la Salle showed him some probability
by a great number of fine speeches, of which he has no lack. But in
short, this expedition tended to a discovery, that could not be otherwise
than glorious to the person under whose government it was made, and,
moreover, it was costing him nothing.
The project having been authorized by the Governor, letters patent
were despatched to M. de la Salle, granting permission to search in
all the forests, and all the rivers and lakes of Canada, to see if there
might not be something good in them, and requesting the governors of
provinces in which he might arrive, such as Virginia, Florida, etc., to
allow him passage, and render assistance as they would wish us to do
for them in like case. It was to help on this project, moreover, that
M. Collier was requested by the Governor to turn his zeal toward the
tribes dwelling on the river Ohio and to agree to accompany M. de la
Salle. Permission, moreover, was given to soldiers who wished to
undertake this expedition to leave the ranks. At all events, the expe-
dition made a great noise.
Messieurs Dollier and de la Salle went up to Montreal again, after
making their purchases at Quebec, and bought all the canoes they could,
in order to be able to take as large a party as possible. M. Barth^leniy
was intended to be a member of the party, and had, as well a>s M. Dollier,
received authority from the Bishop of Canada. Accordingly, towards
the end of the month of June, 1669, everybody was preparing in good
earnest to set out. M. de la Salle wished to take five canoes and fourteen
men, and Messieurs Dollier and Barth^emy three canoes and seven men.
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6 LE YOTAOE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E.
Oq parloit desjd* de partir au plus tost et tout le monde avoit
fait les paquets/ quand il vint en pens^ k M. Tabb^ de Queylus que
M. de la Salle pourroit bien abandonner nos Messieurs, et que son
humeur, qu'on comjoissoit assez l^g^re, le pourroit bien porter k les
quitter k la premiere fantaisie, peut-estre lorqu'il seroit le plus n^cessaire
d'avoir quelqu'un qui sceust un peu se reconnoistre pour le retour on
qui sceust la situation dee pays connus, afin de ne les jetter pas avec
imprudence dans de mauvais pas, et, de plus, on eust ^t6 bien aise
d'avoir quelque carte asseur^e du chemin qu'on projetoit.
Ce f ut par ces considerations que monsieur Tabb^ de Queylus me
permit^ d'accompagner M. Dollier lorsque je luy en demanday la per-
mission. J'avois desj^ quelque teinture des' math^matiques et assez
pour bastir tellement que tellement une carte, mais tousjours suffisante
pour me f aire retrouver le chemin pour le retour, de quelque lieu oil je
fusse al\6 dans les bois et dans les rivieres de ce pays, et d'ailleurs on
fut bien aise de laisser icy quelque personne qui sceust TAlgonquin pour
servir d'interpr^te aux Outaouacs lorsqu'ils viennent icy. Ainsi je fus
accepts pour le voyage au lieu de M. Barthdlemy qui, pour la connoissance
entifere^ [q^'il ^] d© 1* langue Algonquine, pouvoit estre en ce lieu plus
utile que moy.
Je n*eus que trois jours k faire mon ^uipage. Je pris deux hommes
et un canot avec quelques marcbandises propres pour acheter des vivres
dans les nations par lesquelles nous devious passer, et^ fus aussitost
prest k m'embarquer comme les autres. La pr^ipitation avec laquelle
mon voyage fut r^solu ne me permit pas d'escrire k M. Tfivesque et k
M. le Gouvemeur.
Notre flotte ^toit ds sept canots montez chacun de trois hommes,
qui partit de Montr^ [le] 6 juillet 1669, sous la conduite de deux
canots dlroquois Sonnontoueronons, qui estoient venus au Montr^
d^s Tautomne de [I'an] 1668, pour faire leur chasse et leur traitte. Ces
gens icy avoient demeur^ fort longtemps chez M. de la Salle, et lui
avoient dit tant de merveilles de la riviere d'Ohio, qu'ils disoient
connoistre parfaitement, qu'ils enflamm^rent en luy plus que jamais le
d^sir de Taller voir. lis luy disoient' [que cette rivifere prenoit son
origine k trois joum^es de Sonnontouan, et qu'aprfes un mois de marche,
on y trouvoit les Honniasontkeronons et les Chiouanons, et qu'apr^
avoir pass^ ceux-cy et un grand sault ou cheute d'eau qu'il y a dans
cette riviere, on trouvoit les Outagame et le pays des Iskousogos, et
* These two words are supplied by Verreau. • promit (Verreau, who, however,
suggests ** permit.") * de. * tellement quellement. * intime.
• Verreau inserts ** je." '^ disoient [qu'on y trouvoit] un pays si abondant, etc.
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,:;^^^^
Premier Eveque du Canada.
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THE EXPEDITION LEAVES MONTREAL. 7
The talk was already of starting as soon as possible, and every one
had done his packing, when it occurred to the Abb^ de Queylus that
M. de la Salle might possibly abandon our Gentlemen, and that his
temper, which was known to be rather volatile, might lead him to quit
them at the first whim, perhaps when it was most necessary to have
some one with a little skill in finding his bearings for the return journey,
or acquainted with the situation of known countries, in order not to get
them into difficulties through imprudence ; and, besides, it was desirable
to have some trustworthy map of the route that was contemplated.
It was from these considerations that the Abb^ de Queylus per-
mitted me to accompany M. Dollier when I asked his leave. I had
already some smattering of mathematics, enough to donstruct a map in
a sort of fashion, but still sufficiently accurate to enable me to find my
way back again from any place I might go to in the woods and streams
of this country. Besides, they were glad to leave some person here who
knew Algonkin, to serve as an interpreter to the Ottawas, when they
come here. Accordingly I was accepted for the expedition in the place
of M. Barth^lemy, who, from his perfect knowledge of the Algonkin
language, could be more useful at this place than myself.
I had only three days to get my crew together. I took two men
and a canoe, with some goods suitable to barter for provisions with the
tribes through which we were to pass, and was ready to embark as soon
as the rest. The precipitancy with which my journey was decided
upon did not permit me to write the Bishop and the Governor.
Our fleet, consisting of seven canoes, each with three men, left
Montreal on the 6th of July, 1669, under the guidance of two canoes of
Seneca Iroquois, who had come to Montreal €is early as the autumn of
the year 1668 to do their hunting and trading. These people whilst here
had stayed a long time at M. de la Salle's, and had told him so many
marvels of the river Ohio, with which they said they were thoroughly
acquainted, that they inflamed in him more than ever the desire to see
it. They told him that [this river* took its rise three days' journey
from Seneca, that after a month's travel one came upon the Honniasont-
keronons and the Chiouanons, and that, after passing the latter, and
a great cataract or waterfall that there is in this river, one found the
Outagame and the country of the Iskousogos, and finally] a country so
* [one found there].
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8 LE VOTAQE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GAUN£E.
enfin] un pays si abondant en chevreuils^ et boeufai sauvages, qa'ils y
estoient aussy espais que le^ bois, et une si grande quantity de penples
qu'il ne se pouvoit davantage.
M. de la Salle rapportoit toutes ces choses k M. Dollier, dont le z^le
s'enflammoit toujours de plus en plus pour le salut de ces pauvres
sauvages qui, pent estre, eussent fait bon usage de la parole de Dieu, si
elle leur eust est^ annonc^e, et la grandeur de ce z^le empeschoit
M. Dollier de remarquer que M. de la Salle, qui disoit entendre parfaite-
ment les Iroquois et apprendre d eux toutes ces choses par la connois-
sance parfaite qu'il avoit de leur langue, ne la s^avoit point du tout et
s*engageoit k ce voyage presque k Testourdie, sans savoir quasi oh. il
alloit. On luy avoit fait esp^rer qu*en faisant quelque pr^nt au
village des Sonnontouans, il auroit avec facility des esclaves des nations
oh il pr^tendoit aller, qui luy serviroient de guides.
Pour moy, je ne voulus point partir d'icy que je ne menasse un
homme avec moy qui sceust llroquois. Je me suis appliqu^ k I'Algon-
quin depuis que je suis icy ; mais j'eusse bien voulu pour lors s^avoir
autant dlroquois comme je s9avois d* Algonquin. Je ne pus trouver
qu'un HoUandois qui pust me servir pour ce dessein. II s^ait parfaite-
ment Tlroquois, mais il ne s^ait que bien peu le Fran9ois; enfin, n'en
pouvant trouver d'autre, je m'^embarquay. Nous avions dessein,
M. Dollier et moy, de passer par Kent^ pour prendre langue de nos
Messieurs qui y sont en mission, mais nos guides estoient du grand
village de Sonnontouan, que nous n'osasmes quitter, de peur de n*en
pas* re trouver d'autres.
En r^(iuipage que j*ay dit, nous partismes de Montreal le 6® juillet
1669 et montasmes le mesme jour le sault Sainct-Louis, qui n*en CvSt
qu*^ une lieue et demye. La navigation au dessus de* Montreal est toute
diff^rente de celle qui est au dessous, car celle-cy se fait en vaisseaux,
barques, chaloupes, et bateaux, parce que le fleuve Saint-Laurent est
fort profond jusques au Montreal, Tespace de deux cents lieues, mais
immddiatement au dessus de* Montreal, se rencontre un sault ou cheute*
d'eau parmi quantity de grosses roches qui ne permettent a aucun
bateau de passer, de sorte qu'on ne peut se servir que de canots, qui
sont de petits canots d'escorce de bouleau d'environ vingt pieds de
long et deux pieds de large, renforc^es dedans de varangues et lisses de
cadres fort minces, en sorte qu'un homme le porte ais^ment, quoyque ce
bateau puisse porter quatre hommes et huit ou neuf cents livres pesant
de bagage. II s*en fait qui portent jusques k dix ou douze hommes avec
leur Equipage, mais il faut deux ou trois hommes pour les porter.
* chevreux. • les. • 1*. * de ne pouvoir en retrouver, etc
• du. • au sault une chute.
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UNSATISFACTORY INTERPRETERS. 9
abundant in roebucks and wild cattle that they were as thick as the
woods, and so great a number of tribes that there could not be more.
M. de la Salle reported all these things to M. Dollier, whose zeal
became more and more ardent for the salvation of these poor Indians,
who perhaps would have made good use of the word of God, if it had
been proclaimed to them; and the greatness of this zeal prevented
M. Dollier from remarking that M. de la Salle, who said that he under-
stood the Iroquois perfectly, and had. learned all these things from them
through his perfect acquaintance with their language, did not know it
at all, and was embarking upon this expedition almost blindly, scarcely
knowing where he was going. He had been led to expect that by
making some present to the village of the Senecas he could readily
procure slaves of the tribes to which he intended to go, who might
serve him as guides.
As for myself, I would not start from here unless I could take with
me a man who knew Iroquois. I have applied myself to Algonkin
since I have been here ; but I would have been very glad at that time
to know as much Iroquois as Algonkin. The only person I could find
who could serve me for this purpose was a Dutchman. He knows
Iroquois perfectly, but French very little. At length, unable to find
any other, I embarked. M. Dollier and I intended to call at Kent^
to . obtain intelligence of our Gentlemen who are on mission there, but
our guides were of the great village of Seneca, and we dared not leave
them lest we should be unable to find any others.
With the outfit I have mentioned, we left Montreal on the 6th
July, 1669, and the same day ascended the St. Louis Rapids, which
are only a league and a half away. Navigation above Montreal is
quite different from that below. The latter is made in ships, barks,
launches and boats, because the river St. Lawrence is very deep, as far
up as Montreal, a distance of 200 leagues; but immediately above
Montreal one is confronted with a rapid or waterfall amidst numerous
large rocks, that will not allow a boat to go through, so that canoes only
can be used. These are little birch-bark canoes, about twenty feet long
and two feet wide, strengthened inside with cedar floors and gunwales,
very thin, so that one man carries it with ease, although the boat is
capable of carrying four men and eight or nine hundred pounds* weight
of baggage. There are some made that carry as many as ten or twelve
men with their outfit, but it requires two or three men to carry them.
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10 LE VOTAQE DE MIL DOLLIEB ET GALINl^E.
Cette fafon de canots fait la navigation la plus commode et la plus
commune de ce pays, quoyqu'il soit vray de dire que, quand on est dans
[un de] ces bastiments, on est tousjours, non pas k un doigt de la mort^
mais k Tespaisseur de cinq ou six feuilles de papier. Ces canots coustent
aux Fran9ois qui les ach^tent des sauvages neuf ou dix escus^ de hardes,
mais de Fran9ois k Fran9ois, ils sont bien plus chers. Le mien me
couste^ quatre-vingts livres. Et il n'y a que les peuples qui parlent
Algonquin qui bastissent bien ces canots. Les Iroquois se servent pour
leurs canots de toutes sortes d'escorces, honnis de celle du' bouleau, et
bastissent des canots mal faits et fort pesants, qui ne durent au plus
qu'un mois, au lieu que ceux des Algonquins, estant conservez/ durent
cinq k six ans.
On ne nage pas dans ces canots comme dans un bateau, oil Taviron
tient k une cheville sur le bord du bateau ; mais icy, on tient une main
proche la pelle de Taviron et Tautre main au bout du manche, et on s'en
sert k pousser Teau derri^re soy sans que le dit aviron touche en quelque
mani^re [que ce soit au canot]. De plus, il faut se tenir tout le temps
qu'on est dans ces canots k genoux ou assis, prenant garde de bien garder
r^quilibre, car ces bastiments sont si lagers, qu'un*' poids de vingt livres
sur un bord plus que sur I'autre est capable de les^ faire toumer, mais si
prestement' qu'a peine a-t-on le temps de s'en garantir. Leur fragility
est si grande, que de porter un peu sur une pierre ou d'y aborder un
peu lourdement est capable de faire un trou, quon pent, k la v6rit^,
accommoder' avec du bray.
La commodity de ces canots est grande dans ces rivieres qui sont
toutes pleines de cataractes ou cheutes d*eau et de rapides par lesquels
il est impossible de passer aucun bateau, [auxquels], quand on est arriv^
on charge canot et bagage sur les espaules, et on va par terre jusques k
ce que la navigation soit belle ; et pour lors on remet son canot a Teau
et on se rembarque. Si Dieu me fait la gr&ce de retourner en France,
je tascheray d*y faire porter un de ces canots pour le faire voir k ceux
qui n*en auroient point veu ; et je ne voy aucun ouvrage des sauvages
qui me paroisse m^riter Tattention des Europ^ns que leurs canots et
leurs raquettes pour marcher sur les neiges. II n*y a point de voiture
ny meilleure ny plus prompte que celle du canot; car quatre bons
canoteurs^ ne craindront pas de faire pari de passer dans leur canot
devant huit ou dix rameurs dans la chaloupe la mieux allante^ qu'on
puisse voir.^
[ J'ay fait une grande digression icy sur les canots parce que, comme
* dix ou douze ^cua. ' Le mien a coAt^. • de. * renforc^. » le.
* promptement. ' raccomoder. * oanotiers. ® aUerte. *• faire.
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CANOKS AND CANOEING. 11
This style of canoes affords the most convenient and the commonest
mode of navigation in this coimtry, although it is a true saying that
when a person is in one of these vessels he is always, not a finger's
breadth, but the thickness of five or six sheets of paper, from death.
These canoes cost Frenchmen who buy them from Indians 9 or 10^
crowns in clothes, but from Frenchmen to Frenchmen they are much
dearer. Mine cost me 80 livres. It is only the Algonkin-speeJcing
tribes that build these canoes well. The Iroquois use all kinds of bark
except birch for their canoes. They build canoes that are badly made
and very heavy, which last at most only a month, whilst those of the
Algonkins, if taken care of, last five or six years.
Tou do not row in these canoes as in a boat. In the latter the oar
is attached to a rowlock on the boat's side ; but here you hold one hand
near the blade of the osx and the other at the end of the handle, and
use it to push the water behind you, without the oar touching the canoe
in any way. Moreover, it is necessary in these canoes to remain all
the time on your knees or seated, taking care to preserve your balance
well ; for the vessels are so light that a weight of twenty pounds on
one side more than the other is enough to overturn them, and so
quickly that one scarcely has time to guard against it. They are so
frail that to bear a little upon a stone or to touch it a little clumsily is.
sufficient to cause a hole, which can, however, be mended with resin.
The convenience of these canoes is great in these streams, full of
cataracts or water-falls, and rapids through which it is impossible to.
take any boat. When you reach them you load canoe and baggage
upon your shoulders and go overland until the navigation is good ; and'
then you put your canoe back into the water, and embark again. If
God grants me the grace of returning to France, I shall endeavor to
take over one of these canoes, to show it to those who have not seen
them. I see no handiwork of the Indians that appears to me to merit
the attention of Europeans, except their canoes and their rackets for
walking on snow. There is no conveyance either better or swifter
than that of the canoe ; for four good canoe-men will not be afraid to
bet that they can pass in their canoe eight or ten rowers in the fastest
launch that can be seen.
[I have made a long digression here upon canoes because, as
1 10 or 12.
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12 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E.
j'ay deejk dit, je n'ay rien trouv^ icy de plus beau ny de plus commode ;
et sans cela, il seroit impossible de naviguer au dessus de Montr^ ny
dans aucune des riviferes de ce pays, oti il y en a un grand nombre dont
je ne sache pas aucune ou il n'y ayt quelque cheute d'eau ou sault dasia
lesquels on se perdroit infailliblement si on les vouloit passer.]
Les auberges ou retraites pour la nuit sont aussi extraordinaires
que les voitures, car, apr^s avoir nag^ ou port^ tout le long du jour,
vous trouvez sur le soir la belle terre, toute preste k recevoir votre corps
fatigud Lorsqu'il fait beau, apr^ avoir descharg^ son canot, on fait du
feu et on se couche sans se cabaner autrement ; mais quand il fait de
Teau, il faut aller peler des arbres, dont on arrange les escorces sur
quatre petites fourches dont vous faites une cabane pour vous sauver de
la pluie. [Les Algonquins portent avec eux des escorces de bouleaux,
minces et cousues ensemble, en sorte qu'elles ont quatre brasses de long
et trois pieds de largeur. EUes se roulent en fort petit volume, et sous
trois de ces escorces suspendues sur des perches, on pent facilement
mettre huit ou neuf hommes bien k convert. On en fait mesme des
cabanes pour Thyver qui sont plus chaudes que nos maisona On
arrange vingt ou trente perches en long, en sorte qu'elles se touchent
toutes par le haut, et on estend les escorces sur les perches avec un pen
de feu au milieu. J'ay pass^ sous ces escorces des jours et des nuits oti
il faisoit grand froid, lorsqu'il y avoit trois pieds de neige sur la terre,
sans en estre extraordinairement incommode.]
Pour ce qui est de la nourriture, elle est capable de faire brusler
tons les livres^ que les cuisiniers ayent jamais fait et de les faire renoncer
k leur science. Car on trouve moyen, dans le^ bois de Canada, de faire
bonne chfere sans pain, sans vin, sans sel, sans poivre, ny aucune espi-
cerie. Les vivres ordinaires sont du bled d*Inde, qu'on nomme en
France bled de Turquie, qu'on pile entre deux pierres et qu*on fait
bouillir dans de Teau; Tassaisonnement' est avec de la viande ou du
poisson lorsqu'on en a. Cette vie nous parut k tons si extraordinaire
que nous nous en ressentismes* ; car pas un ne fut exempts* de quelque
maladie avant que nous [ne] fussions k cent lieues de Montr^.
Nous prismes le chemin du lac Ontario, oil nos guides nous con-
duisirent le long du* fleuve Saint-Laurent. Le chemin est extrSme-
meut' fascheux jusqu'i [Otondiata,] environ [k] 40 lieues d'icy, car il
faut presque toujours estre k Teau pour traisner les canots. [II n'y a
jusques \k que 13 ou 14 lieues de belle navigation dans le lac Saint-
Fran9ois et le lac Saint-Louis. Les bordages de la riviere sont d*assez
^ toutes les vivres. * les. ' rassaisonnant. ^ repentlmes.
* exempt. * conduisaient le long du grand. ^ enti^rement.
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CAMPING ON THE ST. LAWRENCE. 13
I have already said, I have found nothing here more beautiful or more
convenient. Without them it would be impossible to navigate above
Montreal or in any of the numerous rivers of this country. I know
none of these without some water-fall or rapid, in which one would
inevitably get wrecked if he wished to run them.]
The inns or shelters for the night are as extraordinary as the
vehicles, for after paddling or portaging the entire day you find towards
evening the fair earth all ready to receive your tired body. When the
weather is fine, after unloading your canoe, you make a fire and go
to bed without otherwise housing yourself; but when it is' wet, 'it is
necessary to go and strip some trees, the bark of which you arrange
upon four small forks, with which you make a cabin to save you from
the rain. [The Algonkins carry with them pieces of birch-bark, split
thin and sewed together so that they are four fathoms in length and
three feet wide. These roll up into very small compass, and under
three of these pieces of bark hung upon poles eight or nine men can
be easily sheltered. Even winter cabins are made with them that are
warmer than our houses. Twenty or thirty poles are arranged length-
wise so that they all touch each other at the top, and the bark is spread
over the poles, with a little fire in the centre. Under these strips
of bark I have passed days and nights where it was very cold, with
three feet of snow upon the ground, without being extraordinarily
inconvenienced.]
As to the matter of food, it is such as to cause all the books^ to
be burned that cooks have ever made, and themselves to be forced
to renounce their art. For one manages in the woods of Canada to
fare well without bread, wine, salt, pepper, or any condiments. The
ordinary diet is Indian com, called in France Turkey wheat, which is
ground between two stones and boiled in water ; the seasoning is with
meat or fish, when you have any. This way of living seemed to us all
so extraordinary that we felt the eflects^ of it. Not one of us was
exempt from some illness before we were a hundred leagues from
Montreal.
We took the Lake Ontario rout^, our guides conducting us along
the river St. Lawrence. The route is very difficult as far as [Otondiata,]
about forty leagues from here, for it is necessary to be almost always
in the water dragging the canoes. [Up to that place there are only
thirteen or fourteen leagues of good sailing, in Lake St. Francis
and Lake St. Louis. The river banks are of fairly good land here
^ dishes. ^ repented.
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14 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^
belle terre par cy par \k, mais commun^ment ce sont de purs sables ou
des roehea II est vray que la pesche est assez bonne dans tous ces
rapides, car nous n'avions qn'k mettre la ligne k Teau pour pescher le
plus souvent 40 ou 50 poissons qu*on appelle icy de la barbue. II n'y
en a point en France de pareil. Les voyageurs et les pauvres gens s'en
nourrissent fort commod^ment, car il se peut manger et est fort bon cuit
k Teau sans aucune sauce. II est aussy plein d'une fort bonne huile qui
assaisonne admirablement la sagamit^. C'est ainsy qu'on nomme le
potage de bled dlnde.]
Nous eusmes au lac Saint- Fran9ois deux eslans qui furent le com-
mencement^ de notre chasse. Nous en fismes fort grande ch^re. Cas
eslans sont des animaux grands comme des mulcts et faits k peu pr^
comme eux, sinon que Teslan a* le pied fourchu et des bois fort grands
k la teste qu'il quitte' tous les hivers, et qui sont plats comme ceux des
daima La chair en est fort bonne, surtout quand il est gras, et la peaa
en est fort estim^e. C'est ce qu'on appelle icy commun^ment de TorignaL
La chaleur qu'il faisoit pour lors et le peu d'exp^rience que nous avions
de la vie des bois, firent que nous laissasmes perdre une bonne partie de
notre viande.
La mani^re de la conserver dans les bois oil il n'y a point de sel est
de la couper par plaques fort minces, et de Testendre sur un gril qu'on
ilhve k* trois pieds de terre,* et qui est convert de petites gaules de
bois sur lesquelles on estend sa viande, puis on fait du feu dessus' le
gril et on dessfeche au feu et k la fum^e cette viande jusques k ce qu'il
n'y ayt plus aucune humeur' dedans et qu'elle soit seche comme un
morceau de bois, et on la met par paquets de 30 ou 40 qu'on enveloppe
dans des escorces, et estant ainsy empaquet^e, elle se garderoit cinq
ou six ans sans se gaster. Lorsqu'on la veut manger, on la r^uit en
poudre entre deux pierres et on la met bouillir un® bouillon avec du bled
d'Inde. La perte de notre viande fit que pendant presque un mois, nous
ne mange&mes que du bled d'Inde avec de I'eau, car le plus souvent nous
n'estions pas en lieu de pesche et nous n'estions pas dans la saison des
bonnes chasses.
Entin avec toute notre misfere, nous descouvrimes le lac Ontario le
2* jour d'aoust, qu'on aper9oit comme une grande mer sans voir d'autre
terre que celle qu'on costoye. Ce qui paroist de terre sur le bord' du
lac ne sont que sables et roches.^ II est vray que dans la profondeur
des bois, on y remarque de fort belles terres, surtout le long de quelques
^ commence. ' qu'ils ont. * qu'ils quittent. ^ de.
' Verreau inserts : sur la fourche. * dessous. ^ humidity.
» au. • lee bords. * • rochers.
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LAKE ONTARIO IN SIGHT. 15
and there, but commonly it is mere sand or rocks. It is true the fish-
ing is pretty good in all these rapids, for most frequently we had only
to throw the line into the water to catch forty or fifty fish of the kind
called here "barbue" (catfish). There is none like it in France.
Travellers and poor people live on it very comfortably, for it can be
eaten, and is very good cooked in water without any sauce. It is also
full of a very good oil, which forms admirable seasoning for sagamite,
the name given to porridge made of Indian com.
We took two moose in Lake St. Francis, which were the beginning
of our hunting. We fared sumptuously on them. These moose are
lars^e animals, like mules and shaped nearly like them, except that the
moose has a cloven hoof, and* on his head very large antlers which he
sheds every winter, and which are flat like those of the fallow deer.
Their flesh is very good, especially when fat, and the hide is very
valuable. It is what is commonly called here the " orignal." The hot
weather and our scanty experience of living in the woods made us lose
a good part of our meat.
The mode of curing it in the woods, where there is no salt, is to cut
it in very thin slices and spread it on a gridiron raised three feet from
the ground,* covered with small wooden switches on which you spread
your meat. Then a tire is made underneath the gridiron, and the meat
is dried in the fire and smoke until there is no longer any moisture in it*
and it is as dry as a piece of wood. It is put up in packages of 30 or 40,
rolled up in pieces of bark, and thus wrapped up it will keep five or six
years without spoiling. When you wish to eat it you reduce it to
powder between two stones and make a broth by boiling with Indian
com. The loss of our meat resulted in our having nothing to eat but
Indian com with water for nearly a month, for generally we were not
in fishing spots, and we were not in the season of good hunting.
At last, with all our misery, we discovered Lake Ontario on the
second day of August, which comes in sight like a great sea, with
no land visible but what you coast along. What seems land on the
lake-shore is merely sand and rocks. It is true that in the depth of
the woods fine land is remarked, especially along some streams that
^ Verreau inserts : on the fork.
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16 L£ VOTAQE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E.
rivieres qui se deschargent dans le lac, [et] c'est par ce chemin que lea
R. P.^ J^uistes vont k leurs missions des Iroquois, et c'est dans la
riviere d'Onnontagu^* qu'ils pr^tendent faire leur principal establisse-
ment. lis y ont k present 8 ou 10 hommes pour y bastir une maison
et y faire des d^erts pour semer des grains. Avant cette ann^, il n'y
avoit qu'un P^re et un homme pour chaque nation ; mais ils ont fait
cette ann^ un embarquement considerable d'hommes et de marchands'
pour commencer un establissement qui soit durable, oh les missionnaires
se puissent retirer de temps en temps pour renouveler leurs forces
spirituelles et corporelles, car k vray dire, la vie de missionnaires dans
ce pays icy* est la vie la plus dissipante qui*' se puisse imaginer. On
n*y pense presque qu'aux n^cessitez corporelles, et Texemple continuel
qu'on a des sauvages qui ne pensent qu'^ satisfaire leur chair porte
Tesprit dans un releische presque inevitable, si on n y prend g€u«ie.
n tombe dans le lac Ontario des rivieres qui conduisent dans les
bois des* cinq nations Iroquoises, comme vous les' verrez [marquees]
dans la carte. Le 8 aoust, nous arrivasmes dans une isle ou un sauvfikge
Sonnontouan a fait une esp^e de maison de campagne, oti il se retire
Teste pour manger avec sa famille un pen de bled d'Inde et de citrouille
qu'il y fait® tous les ans. II s*est si bien cache qu*k moins de 89avoir
Tendroit, on auroit bien de la peine k le trouver, et il faut qu*ils se
cachent ainsi lorsqu'ils sortent de leurs villages, de peur que leurs
ennemis, qui sont tousjours autour d*eux pour les surprendre et les
assommer, ne les descouvrent.
Ce bon homme nous recent fort bien et nous fit grande ch^re de
citrouilles bouillies k lean. Notre guide voulut demeurer deux jours
avec luy, apr^s quoy nous ayant quittez pour aller avertir au village de
notre arrivee, nous n'estions pas dans une asseurance enti^re de nostre
vie aupr^s de cette nation, et quantite de raisons nous donnoient* lieu
d'apprehender quelque chose de fascheux.
Premiferement, la paix estoit faite depuis tr^s-peu de temps, et il
estoit souvent arrive k ces barbares de la rompre avec nous lorsqu'elle
paroissoit encore mieux afiermie que celle-cy, et d'autant plus" qu'il n'y
a point de maistres parmi eux, chacun estant parfaitement libre de
ses actions, de sorte qu'il ne faut qu'un jeune brutal k qui la paix ne
plaira pas, ou qui se souviendra qu'un de ses parents a este tue dans les
guerres precedentes, pour venir faire quelque acte d'hostilite et rompre
ainsi le traite qui auroit" este fait par les vieillards.
» R. R. P. P.. * d'Onnontall6 (Verreau suggesta " Onontagu6 '*). » marohandiaes. * -ci.
* ou'il (Verreau italicizes this paragraph from the words "Gar d vray dire" to the end),
•cie. ^le. ' citrouilles qu'il 7 a. 'donn^rent. ^•plutdt. ^^avait.
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A HOSPITABLE SENECA. 17
empty into the Lake. It is by this route that the reverend Jesuit
Fathers go to their Iroquois missions, and on the river of Onondaga
that they intend to make their principal establishment. They have
eight or ten men there now for the purpose of building a house and
making clearings to sow grain. Before this year there were only one
Father and one man for each nation, but this year they have sent a
considerable shipment of men and merchants^ to begin a permanent
establishment, to which the missionaries may retire from time to time
to renew their spiritual and bodily strength, for, to tell the truth, the
life of missionaries in this country is the most dissipating life that can
be imagined. Scarcely anything is thought of but bodily necessities,
and the constant example of the savages, who think only of satisfying
their flesh, brings the mind into an almost inevitable enervation, unless
one guards against it.
There are rivers flowing into Lake Ontario that lead into the
forests of the Five Iroquois Nations, as you will see them marked on
the map. On the 8th of August we arrived at an island where a Seneca
Indian has made a sort of country house, to which he retires in summer
to eat with his family a little Indian com and squash that he grows
there every year. He has concealed himself so well, that unless one
knew the spot one would have a great deal of difficulty in finding it.
They are obliged to conceal themselves in this way when they leave
their villages, lest their enemies, who are always around for the purpose
of surprising and killing them, should discover them.
The good man received us well and entertained us hospitably with
squashes boiled in water. Our guide would stay two days with him,
after which, leaving us to go to notify the village of our arrival, we
were not in entire security for our lives in the vicinity of this tribe,
and many reasons gave us ground for apprehending something disagree-
able.
In the first place, the peace had been made very shortly before, and
these barbarians had often broken it with us when it seemed still more
assured than this one, and all the more easily, as there are no authorities
amongst them, everyone being perfectly free in his actions, so that all
that is necessary is for a young ruffian, to whom the peace is not accept-
able, or who remembers that one of his relations was killed in the
preceding wars, to come and commit some act of hostility, and so break
the treaty that has been made by the old men.
* goods.
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18 LE VOTAOE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^.
En second lieu, les Antastogu^^ 6u Antastouais, qui sont les Sauvages
de la Nouvelle-Sufede, qui ont guerre contre les Sonnontouans, font
continuellement des courses autour de leur pays, et depuis peu avoient
tu^ dix hommes dans le lieu mesme ou nous avions^ est^ obligez de
sojourner un mois entier.
En troisiesme lieu, huit ou quinze jours avant notre depart de
Montreal, 3 soldats de ceux qui y sont en gamison, estant allez en traite,
trouv^rent un sauvage de Sonnontouan qui avoit quantity de pelleteries
pour lesquelles avoir ils r^solurent d'assassiner ce sauvage, et le firent
•en eflTet. Par bonheur pour nous, la chose fut descouverte cinq it* six
jours avant notre depart, et les criminels convaincus furent passez par
les armes, en presence ^ de plusieurs sauvages de Sonnontouan qui
estoient pour lors icy, qui s'apaiserent k la veue de cette justice ; car ils
avoient r^lu de tuer pour la vengeance du mort, qui estoit conside-
rable,^ tout autant de Fran5ois qulls en pourroient attraper a Tescart
Jugez s'il auroit fait bon pour nous* dans ce pays, si nous fussions partis
de Montreal avant qu'on' eust execute ces criminels; mais tousjours,
quoyque le gros de la nation fut apais^ par cette ex&ution, les parents
du mort ne se tenoient pas satisfaits et vouloient k toute force sacrifier
k leur vengeance quelques Francois et s*en vantoient hautement C'est
ce qui estoit cause que nous faisions sentinelle toutes les nuits,® et que
nous tenions [tousjours] toutes nos armes en bon estat.
Cependant, je vous puis assurer que pour* une per^onne qui se voit
au milieu de toutes ces craintes, et qui doit"* encore adjouster la crainte
continuelle de mourir de faim ou de maladie au milieu d'un bois, sans
assistance, au milieu, dis-je, de toutes [ces] craintes, quand on croit y
estre par la volont^ de Dieu et dans la pens^ que ce que Ton souflfre
luy est agr^able et pourra servir au salut de quelqu'un de ces pauvres
sauvages, non seulement on est sans tristesse, mais encore on gouste une
joye [trfes-] sensible au milieu de toutes ces peines.
C'est ce que nous avons plusieurs fois experiments, mais principale-
ment M. DoUier, qui fut malade, aupr^s de Sonnontouan, d'une lifevre
continue qui faillit [k] Temporter en peu de temps. II me disoit pour
lors : Je suis tr^s-content et j'ay mesme de la joye de me voir dans
Tabandon orJ je suis de tout secours spirituel et corporel. Ouy, disoit-il;
j aimerois mieux mourir au milieu de ce^ bois dans Tordre de la volontS
de Dieu, comme je crois y estre, qu au milieu de tons mes frferes dans le
sSminaire de Saint-Sulpice.
^ Antastoqii^g.
* Verreau inserts here,
* toute la noit.
• avoDS.
»0U.
^iila vue.
dans leur nation."
•vivre.
^ que Ton.
• qa*une.
»Mlfaut.
"C6S.
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ON SENTRY. 19
Secondly, the Antastogu^ or Antastouais, who are the Indians of
New Sweden, that are at war with the Senecas, are continually roving
about in the outskirts of their country, and had shortly before killed
ten men in the very spot where we were obliged to sojourn an entire
month.
Thirdly, a week or a fortnight before our departure from Montreal,
three of the soldiers in garrison there, having gone to trade, found a
Seneca Indian who had a quantity of furs, to get which they made up
their minds to murder the Indian, and in fact did so. Happily for us
the matter was discovered five or six days before our departure, and
the criminals, being convicted, were put to death in presence of several
Seneca Indians that were here at the time, and who were appeased at
the sight of this justice ; for they had resolved, in order to avenge the
deceased, who was a man of importance,^ to kill just as many Frenchmen
as they could catch away from the settlements. Judge for yourselves
whether it would have had a good result for us in this country if we
had left Montreal before those criminals had been executed. But
nevertheless, although the bulk of the nation was appeased by this
execution, the relatives of the deceased did not consider themselves
satisfied, and wished at all hazards to sacrifice some Frenchmen to their
vengeance, and loudly boasted of it. On this account we performed
sentry duty every^ iiight, and constantly kept all our weapons in good
condition.
However, I can assure you, that for a person who see^ hii^iself in the
midst of all these alarms and who must, moreover, add the constant
fear of dying of hunger or disease in the midst of a forest, without any
help — ^in the midst, I say, of all these alarms, when one believes he is
here by the will of God, and in the thought that what one suffers is
agreeable to Him and will be able to serve for the salvation of some
one of these poor Indians, not only is one free from sadness, but, on the
contrary, one tastes a very appreciable joy in the midst of all these
hardships.
This is what we experienced many times, but especially M. Dollier,
who was sick near Seneca with a continued fever, that almost carried
him ofi^ in a short time. He said to me at the time : '* I am well pleased,
and even rejoice, to see myself destitute as I am of all spiritual and
corporal aid." Yes," said he, " I would rather die in the midst of this
forest in the order of the will of God, as I believe I am, than amongst
all my brethren in the Seminary of Saint Sulpice."
^ Verreau adds : in their nation. ' all.
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20 LE VOTAGE DE MM. DOLLIER £T GALIN^E.
Enfin, apr^ trente-cinq jours de navigation fort difficile, nous
arrivasmes a une petite riviere appel^e des Sauvages Earontagouat, qui
est k Tendroit du lac le plus proche de Sonnontouan, environ \k] 100
lieues vers le sud-ouest de Montr^l. Je pris hauteur en ce lieu avec le
baston de Jacob que j'avois port^, le 26 aoust 1669, et comme j'avois un
fort bel horizon du cost^ du nord, car on* n'y voit non plus de terre
qu'en pleine mer, je pris hauteur par derriere qui est la plus asseur^
Je trouvay done le soleil distant du zenith de 33 degr^s auxquels
j'adjoustay 10 degr^ 12 minutes de d^linaison nord que le soleil avoit
ce jour-li. L'^quinoctial se trouva esloign^ du zenith et, par cons^uent,
le p61e arctique ^lev^ sur Thorizon en ce lieu de 43 degr& 12 minutes,
qui est la veritable latitude de ce lieu 1^, ce qui s'accordoit assez bien
avec ce que je trouvois avoir acquis de latitude selon les rumbs de vent
que nous avions couru, suivant I'usage des matelots qui ne laissent
pas d'avoir^ la latitude par laquelle ils sont, quoyqu*ils n'ayent aucun
instrument pour prendre hauteur.
Nous ne fusmes pas plustost arrivez en ce Ueu que nous fusmes
visitez de quantity de sauvages qui nous vinrent faire de petits presents
de bled d'Inde, de citrouilles, de meures de haye' et de bluets, qui sont
des fruits dont ils out en abondance. Nous leur rendions* la pareille en
leur faisant aussi pr^nt de couteaux, d'aleines, d'aiguilles, de rassade
et autres choses qu'ils estiment et dont nous estions bien munis.
Nos guides nous priferent d attendre en ce lieu jusques au lendemain,
et que les considerables ne manqueroient pas de venir le soir avec des
vivres pour nous conduire au village; et en effet, le soir ne fut pas
plustost venu, que nous vismes arriver une grosse troupe de sauvages
avec quantity de femmes charg^es de vivres, qui se vinrent cabaner
auprfes de nous et nous faire du pain de bled d*Inde et de fruits. lis ne
voulurent point parler Ik en forme de conseil, mais nous dirent qu*on
nous attendoit au village, et qu on* avoit envoy^ par toutes les cabanes
pour assembler [tons] les vieillards au conseil qu'on devoit tenir pour
apprendre le sujet de notre arriv^.
Nous nous assemblasmes pour lors, M. DoUier, M. de la Salle et
moy, pour s9avoir de quelle mani^re nous agirions et ce qu*on oflftiroit
pour les pr&ens, et combien on en feroit, et on resolut que j'irois au
village avec M. de la Salle pour tascher d'avoir un esclave des nations
oil nous voulions aller pour nous y conduire, et que nous menerions
avec nous huit de nos Fran9ois. Le reste demeureroit avec M. Dollier
k la garde des canots. La chose fut ex^cut^e de cette sorte, et le jour
ne parut pas plus tdt le lendemain 12 d aoust, que nous fusmes advertis
* encore qu'on. * de savoir. • haies. * rendlmes. * Verreau inserts ** en."
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APPROACHING THE SENEGAS. 21
At length, after thirty-five days of very difficult navigation, we
arrived at a small stream, called by the Indians Earontagouat, which is
at the part of the lake nearest to Seneca, about one hundred leagues
south-westward from Montreal. I took the altitude at this place with
the Jacob's-staff that I had brought, on the 26th August, 1669, and as I
had a very fine horizon to the north, for no more land is seen there than
in the open sea, I took the altitude from behind, which is the most accu-
rate. I found the sun then distant from the zenith 33 degrees, to
which I added 10 degrees 12 minutes, being the sun's north declination
for that day. The equinoctial was distant from the zenith, and conse-
quently the north pole elevated above the horizon at this place 43
degrees 12 minutes, which is its actual latitude, and agreed pretty well
with the latitude I found I had obtained by dead reckoning, following
the practice of sailors, who do not fail to get^ the latitude they are in
although they have no instrument for taking altitude.
No sooner had we arrived at this place than we were visited by a
number of Indians who came to make us small presents of Indian com,
squashes, blackberries, and blueberries, fruits that they have in abun-
dance. We returned the compliment by making them also a present of
knives, awls, needles, glass beads, and other things which they esteemed
and with which we were well provided.
Our guides requested us to wait at this place until the next day,
and informed us that the principal persons would not fail to come in
the evening with provisions to escort us to the village. And, in fact,
the evening was no sooner come than we saw a large band of Indians
arriving with a number of women loaded with provisions, who came and
camped near us and made bread for us of Indian com and fruits. They
would not speak there in form of council, but told us we were expected
at the village, and that word had been sent through all the cabins to
assemble all the old men for the council, which was to be held to learn
the reason of our coming.
Thereupon M. DoUier, M. de la Salle and I consulted together to
know in what manner we should act, what should be oflTered as presents,
and how many should be made. It was resolved that I should go to
the village with M. de la Salle to try to get a slave of the tribes to
which we wished to go for the purpose of conducting us thither, and
that we should take eight of our Frenchmen with ua The rest were to
remain with M. DoUier in charge of the canoes. The business was
carried out in this way, and no sooner had daylight appeared, on
the next day, the 12th August, than we were notified by the Indians
* know.
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22 LE VOTAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALINIiE.
par les sauvages qu'il estoit temps de partir. Nous nous mismes done
en chemin, 10 Francois avec 40 ou 50 sauvages qui nous obligeoient de
lieue en lieue^ de nous reposer, de peur de nous fatiguer trop, et environ
k moiti^ chemin nous trouvasmes une autre troupe de sauvages qui
venoient au devant de nous et nous firent present de vivres, et se
joignirent k nous pour retoumer au village; quand nous [en] fusmes
environ ^ une lieue, les haltes furent plus fr^quentes et le peuple
grossissoit de plus en plus notre troupe, jusqu*^ ce qu'enfin nous nous
vismes k la veue du grand village qui est au milieu d'un grand d^rt
d'environ 2 lieues de tour.
Pour y arriver, il faut remonter^ un petit costeau sur le bord duquel
le village est situ^. D'abord que nous eusmes mont^ ce costeau, nous
aperceumes une grosse troupe de vieillards assis sur Therbe qui nous
attendoient, et qui nous avoient aussy laiss^ une belle place vis-Jl-vis
d eux, oh ils nous convi^rent de nous asseoir, ce que nous fismes. Au
mesme temps, un vieillard qui ne voyoit presque plus et qui' a peine se
pouvoit soustenir, tant il estoit vieux, se leva et nous fit d'un ton [fort]
anim^ une harangue par laquelle il nous tesmoignoit sa^ joye de notre
arriv^e, que nous pouvions* regarder les Sonnontouans comme nos f rferes
et qu'ils nous regardoient comme les leurs, et qu'en cette veue ils nous
prioient d entrer dans leur village oil ils nous avoient pr^par^ ime
cabane en attendant que nous ouvrissions nostre pens^e. Nous les
remerciasmes de leurs civilitez, et leur fismes dire par notre interprfete
que le lendemain nous leur dirions le sujet de notre voyage.
Cela fait, un sauvage qui faisoit la charge d'introducteur des
ambassadeurs se pr^senta pour nous conduire k notre logis; nous le
suivismes, et il nous mena dans la plus grande cabane du viUage, oil Ton
nous avoit pr^par^ nostre demeure, avec ordre aux femmes de cette
cabane de ne nous laisser manquer de rien. Et en efiet, elles furent
toujours fort fidfeles, pendant que nous fusmes li, k nous faire chaudifere
et nous apporter le bois n^cessaire pour esclairer la nuit.
Ce village, comme tous ceux des sauvages, n'est autre chose qu'un
amas de cabanes entour^es de palissades^ de perches de 12 ou 13 pieds
de haut, li^es ensemble par le haut et plant^es en terre avec de grands
tas de bois k hauteur d'homme, par derrifere ces palissades, sans que les
courtines' soient autrement flanqu^es, mais seulement un simple endos
tout carr^, de sorte que ces forts ne sont d'aucune deflense, outre qu'ils
n'ont presque jamais le® soin de se placer sur le bord de quelque ruisseau
ou fontaine, mais [sur] quelque costeau, oh ils sont pour Tordinaire
^ de lieues en lieues. ^ monter. ' qu'. * la.
^ pourrions. * d*une palissade. ^ cabanes. ^ de.
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A SENECA VILLAGE. 23
that it was time to start. We set out accordingly, ten Frenchmen with
40 or 50 Indians, who obliged us every league to take a rest for fear of
tiring us too much. About half way, we found another band of Indians
coming to meet us who made us a present of provisions and joined us
in order to return to the village. When we were about a league away
the halts were more frequent and the crowd kept adding to our escort
more and more until at last we saw ourselves in sight of the great vil-
lage, which is in the midst of a large clearing about two leagues in
circumference.
In order to reach it, it is necessary to ascend a small hill, on the
brow of which the village is situated. As soon as we had climbed this
hill, we perceived a large number of old men seated on the grass waiting
for us, who had left a good place for us opposite them, where they in-
vited us to sit down, which we did. At the same time an old man, who
could scarcely see and hardly hold himself up, so old was he, rose and in
a very animated tone made us an oration, in which he assured us of' his
joy at our arrival, that we might regard the Senecas as our brothers
and they regarded us as theirs, and that, feeling thus, they requested
us to enter their village, where they had prepared a cabin for us
whilst waiting until we should broach our purpose. We thanked them
for their civilities and informed them through our interpreter that on
the following day we should tell them the object of our journey.
Thereupon an Indian, who had the office of introducer of ambassa-
dors, presented himself to conduct us to our lodging. We followed him,
and he took us to the largest cabin of the village, where they had pre-
pared our abode, with orders to the women of the cabin to let us lack
for nothing. And in truth they were always very faithful whilst we
were there to attend to our kettles, and bring us the necessary wood to
light up during the night.
This village, like all those of the Indians, is nothing but a lot of
cabins, surrounded with palisades^ of poles 12 or 13 feet high, fastened
together at the top and planted in the ground, with great piles of wood
the heigbt of a man behind these palisades, the curtains^ being not
otherwise flanked, merely a simple enclosure, perfectly square, so that
these forts are not defensible. Besides, they scarcely ever take care to
settle on the bank of a stream or spring, but on some hill, where,
as a general rule, they are some distance from water. By the
^ a palisade. ' cabins.
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24 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E.
assez esloignez de Teau. D^ le soir du 12, nous vismes arriver totiB
les considerables des autres villages pour se trouver au conseil qui se
devoit tenir le lendemain.
La nation des Sonnontouans est la plus nombreuse de tons les
Iroquois: elle est compos^e de quatre villages, dont deux renferment
chacun cent [cinquante] cabanes, et les deux autres environ trente
cabanes, et en tout, peut-estre, mille ou douze cents hommes capables de
porter les arme& Les^ deux grands villages sont environ k six ou
sept lieues Tun de Tautre, et tons deux k six ou sept lieues du bord du
lac ; [les terres entre le lac et le grand village le plus k Torient, oh
j'allois, sont la plus grande part de belles grandes prairies oh l*herbe est
aussi haute que moy ; et dans les lieux oil il y a des bois, ce sont des
chesnes si clairs qu'on y pourroit facilement courir k cheval, et ce pays
clair dure, k ce qu'on nous dit, vers Test, plus de cent lieues. Pour ce
qui est vers Touest et le sud, il dure si longtemps qu'on n'en S9ait pas le
bout, principalement vers le sud, oil Ton rencontre des prairies sans aucon
arbre de plus de cent lieues de long, oil les sauvages qui y ont ^t^ disent
qui'il y vient de fort bons fruits et des bleds d'Inde extrfimement beaux.]
Enfin, le 18 ao&t estant arriv^, les sauvages s'assembl^rent dans
nostre cabane au nombre de cinquante ou soixante considerables de la
nation. Leur coustume est, en entrant, de se mettre dans la place la
plus commode de celles qu'ils trouvent vides, sans consideration d'ancun
rang, et de prendre d'abord du feu pour allumer leurs pipes, qui ne
leur sortent point de la bouche pendant tout le temps du conseil, et
disent que les bonnes pens^es viennent en fumant.
Quand nous vismes Tassembiee assez nombreuse, nous commen-
9asmes k parler d'affaires, et ce fut pour lors que M. de la Salle avoua
qu'il n'estoit point capable de se faire entendre ; d'autre part, mon
interprete dit qu'il ne S9avoit pas assez de Fran9ois pour se faire tout-i-
fait bien entendre k nous. Aiusi nous jugeasmes plus k propos de nous
servir de I'homme du p^re Fremin^ pour faire notre harangue, et nous
rapporter ce que les sauvages diroient; et en effet la chose se passa
ainsi. II est k remarquer que le pfere Fr^min^ n'estoit pas alors au lieu
de sa mission, mais il estoit alie depuis pen de jours k Onontfiigue^ pour
une assembiee qui s'y devoit faire* de tous les J^suites respandus dans
les cinq nations Iroquoises. II n'y avoit pour lors que I'homme du pfere
Frdmin'^ qui nous servoit* d'interprfete.
Notre premier present fut d'uu pistolet k deux coups qui valoit
soixante livres, et la parole que nous joignismes au present fut que nous
^ 068.
* Margry writes ** Firmin," and Verreau " Fremin." The spelling
'Fr^min" is preferred. *Onontan^. * tenir. •servit.
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A SENECA COUNCIL. 25
evening of the 12th, we saw all the principal persons of the other vil-
lages arriving to attend the Council, which was to be held next day.
The Seneca nation is the most numerous of all the Iroquois. It is
composed of four villages, two of which contain one hundred [and fifty ]
cabins each, and the other two about thirty cabins, in all, perhaps, a
thousand or twelve hundred men capable of bearing arms. The two
large villages are about six or seven leagues apart, and both are six or
seven leagues from the lake shore.
The country between the lake and the large village, farthest to
the east, to which I was going, is for the most part beautiful, broad
meadows, on which the grass is as tall as myself. In the spots where
there are woods, these are oak plains, so open that one could easily
run through them on horseback. This open country, we were told,
continues eastward more than a hundred leagues. Westward and
southward it extends so far that its limit is unknown, especially
towards the south, where treeless meadows are found more than one
hundred leagues in length, and where the Indians who have been there
say very good fruits and extremely fine Indian com are grown.
At last, the 18th of August having arrived, the Indians assembled
in our cabin to the number of fifty or sixty of the principal persons of
the nation. Their custom is, when they come in, to sit down in the
most convenient place they find vacant, regardless of rank, and at once
get some fire to light their pipes, which do not leave their mouths during
the whole time of the council. They say good thoughts come whilst
smoking.
When we saw the assembly was numerous enough, we began to
talk business, and it was then M. de la Salle admitted he was unable to
make himself understood. On the other hand, my interpreter said he
did not know enough French to make himself thoroughly understood
by us. So we deemed it more convenient to make use of Father Fr6-
min's man to deliver our address and interpret to us what the Indians
should say ; and it was actually done in this way. It is to be remarked
that Father Fr^min was not then at the place of his Mission, but had
gone a few days before to Onondaga for a meeting that was to be held
there of all the Jesuits scattered among the five Iroquois nationa At
that time there was no one but Father Fr^min's man, who served as our
interpreter.
Our first present was a double-barrelled pistol worth sixty livres,
and the word we joined to the present was that we regarded them as
* 100 (Verreau and Margry).
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26 LE VOYAGE DB MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E.
les regardions comme nos fr^res, et qu'en cette quality nous ^tions si
fort dans leurs interests que nous leur faisiona pr&ent de ce pistolet k
deux coups, afin que d'un coup ils puissent tuer les Loups, et de Tautre
les Andostaues,^ qui sont deux peuples contre lesquels ils ont une guerre
cruelle.
Le second' pr^ent fut de six chaudi^res, six haches, quatre
douzaines de couteaux et cinq ou six livrea de grosse rassade,^ et la
parole fut que nous venions de la part de TOnontio (c'est ainsi qu'ils
appellent M. le Gouvemeur) pour affermir la paix.
Enfin, le troisiesme present fut de deux capots, quatre chaudi^res,
six haches et quelque rassade^; et la parole fut que nous venions de la
part d'Onontio, pour voir les peuples nommez par eux les Touguenha,
situez sur la riviere d'Ohio, et que nous leur demandions un esclave
de ce pays-Ik pour nous y conduire. Ils jugerent qu'il falloit penser
k notre* proposition. Ainsi ils attendirent au' lendemain k nous
respondre. Ces peuples ont cette manifere d'agir, qu'ils ne parlent
d'aucune affaire qu'ils ne fassent quelque present, comme pour servir
de memorial k® la parole qu'ils dounent.
Le lendemain venu, ils se rendirent tons de bon matin chez nous,
et le plus considerable d*entre eux fit [un] pr^ent d'un collier de
porcelaine pour nous dire que nous estions les bienvenus chez nos fr^res.
Le second pr^nt fut un second collier de pourcelaine, pour nous dire
qu'ils estoient bien r^solus d'entretenir la paix avec les Franfois, et que
ceux de leur nation n'avoient jamais fait la guerre aux Franfois ; qu'ils
ne vouloient pas commencer dans un temps de paix. Pour' le troisiesme
present, ils [nous] dirent qu*ils nous donneroient un esclave, comme
nous le demandions, mais qulls nous prioient d'attendre que leurs gens
fussent venus^ de la traite des HoUandois, oil ils avoient men^ tous
leurs esclaves, et que, pour lors, ils ne manqueroient pas de nous en
donner un. Nous leur dismes de ne pas nous faire attendre plus de huit
jours, parce que la saison pressoit, et ils nous le promirent. Cela fait,
chacun s'en alia chez soy.
Cependant on nous traitoit le mieux qu'on pouvoit, et chacun k
Tenvie nous faisoit festin k la mode du pays. II faut que je vous avoue
que plusieurs fois, j'ay eu plus d'envie de rendre ce que j'avois dans
l*estomac que d'y mettre quelque chose de nouveau. Le grand mets,
dans ce village oCi ils ont rarement de la viande fraische, est d'un chien
dont ils grillent le poil sur des charbons apr^ Tavoir bien radd lis
le coupent par morceaux et le mettent k la chaudi^re, puis quand il est
^ pussent. * AndoBtoa^. ' 2"^^ * grosses rassadee.
• quelques rassades. • la. ^ le. ■ de. • Par.
10 revenus. ** Verreau begins a new sentence with ** Apr^s Tavoir," etc.
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INDIAN DELICACIEa 27
our brothers, and in this character were so strong in their interest that
we made them a present of this double-barrelled pistol, so that with one
shot they could kill the Loups, and with the other tiie Andostoues, two
tribes against whom they wage a cruel war.
The second present consisted of six kettles, six hatchets, four dozen
knives, and five or six pounds of large glass beads, and the word was
that we came on the part of Onontio (so they call the Governor) to
confirm the peace.
Lastly, the third present was two capotes, four kettles, six hatchets,
and some glass beads ; and the word was that we came on the part of
Onontio to see the tribes called by them the Touguenha, living on the
river Ohio, and we asked of them a slave from that country to conduct
us thither. They decided that our proposition should be considered.
So they waited until next day before answering us. These tribes have
this custom, that they do not speak of any business without making
some present, as if to serve as a reminder of the speech they deliver.
Early next morning they all proceeded to our cabin, and the head
chief amongst them presented a wampum belt, to assure us we were
welcome amongst our brothers. The second present was a second wam-
pum belt, to tell us they were firmly resolved to keep the peace with
the French and their nation had never made war on the French ; they
would not begin it in a time of peace. For the third present they told
us they would give us a slave, as we asked for one, but begged us to
wait until their people came back from the trade with the Dutch, to
which they had taken all their slaves, and then they would give us one
without fail. We asked them not to keep us waiting more than a week,
because the season was getting late, and they promised us. Thereupon
everybody went off home.
Meanwhile they treated us in the best way they could, and every-
one vied with his neighbor in feasting us after the fashion of the^
country. I must confess that several times I had more desire to give
back what I had in my stomach than to put anything new into it..
The great dish in this village, where they seldom have fresh meat, is.
a dog, the hair of which they singe over coals. After scraping it
well, they cut it in pieces and put it into the kettle. When it is
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28 LE VOYAGE DB MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E
cuit, ils vous en servenb un morceau de trois ou quatre livres dans on
plat de bois qni n'a jamais est^ frott^ d autre* torchon que des doigts de
la maistresse du logis, qui paroissent tous escrits^ par la graisse qui est
tousjours dans leur plat de I'espaisseur* d'un ^u blanc. Un autre de
leurs plus grands ragousts est de la farine de bled d'Inde cuite k Teau et
puis servie dans un plat de bois avec deux doigts d'huile d'ours, de
tournesol ou de noix par dessus. II n*y avoit pas un enfant dans le
village qui ne s empressast k nous apporter tantost des Cannes de bled
d'lnde, tantost des citrouilles, tantost d'autres petits fruits qu'ils vont
cueillir dans les boia
Nous passasmes ainsi le temps pendant sept ou huit jours, attendant
toujours qu'il revinst de traite quelque esclave pour nous donner, et ce
fut pendant ce temps \k que, pour me d^ennuyer, j'allay avec M. de la
Salle, sous la conduite de deux Sauvages, voir, environ k quatre lieues
vers le midi du village oil nous estions, une fontaine^ extraordinaire.
Elle forme un petit ruisseau en sortant^ d'un rocher assez haui L'eau
[en] est fort claire, mais elle a une mauvaise odeur, semblable k celle
des boues de Paris lorsqu'on remue avec le pied la boue qui est au fond
de I'eau. II mit' le flambeau dedans, et incontinent cette eau concent
le feu comme pour voir faire de Teau-de-vie,' et elle ne s'esteint point
qu'il ne vienne de la pluie. Cette flamme est parmi les Sauvages une
marque d'abondance, ou de st^rilit^ lorsqu'elle a les qualitez contraires.
II n'y a aucune apparence de soulfre® ni de salpestre, ni d'aucune autre
matifere combustible. L'eau n'a mesme aucun goust; et je ne puis
dire ni penser autre chose de meilleur, sinon que cette eau passe par
quelques terres alumineuses d oil* elle tire cette quality combustible.
Ce fut aussi pendant ce temps 1^ qu'on apporta de Veau-de-vie des
HoUandois au village, dont plusieurs Sauvages s'enyvr^rent. II y eut^
mesme plusieurs f ois des parents de celuy qui avoit ^t^ tu^ au Montreal,
pen de jours avant que nous en^ partissions, qui nous menac^rent dans
leur ivrognerie de nous vouloir casser la teste; et c*est une coustume
assez commune parmi eux, lorsqu'ils ont quelques ennemis,^ de s'eny vrer
et d'aller ensuite leur casser la teste ou les tuer k coups de couteau, afin
de pouvoir dire ensuite qu'ils ont fait ce meschant coup dans un temps
oil ils n'avoient point d'esprit. Ils ont mesme^ coustume de ne point
pleurer ceux qui sont morts de cette mani^re, de peur de faire de la
peine k celuy qui est vivant en le faisant souvenir de son forfait.
Cependant nous nous sommes tousjours si bien tenus sur nos gardes,
qu'il ne nous est arriv^ aucun accident.
^d'aucun. * cuita. * Verreau ends the sentence with "d*un . . (?)."
* Verreau inserts " assez." * sautant. * Je mis.
^ pourroit faire Feau-de-vie. ' souffire. * quelque terre alamineuse dont.
* • 11 vint. ^ ^ ne. * ' quelque ennemL * * Verreau inserts * * cette. "
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THE BURNING SPRING. 29
cooked, they serve you a piece of three or four pounds' weight in a
wooden platter that has never been rubbed with any other dishcloth
than the fingers of the lady of the house, which appear all smeared with
the grease that is always in their platter to the thickness of a silver
crown. Another of their greatest dishes is Indian meal cooked in water
and then served in a wooden bowl with two fingers of bear s grease or
oil of sun-flowers or of butternuts upon it. There was not a child in the
village but was eager to bring us now stalks of Indian com, at another
time squashes, or it might be other small fruits that they go and gather
in the woods.
We passed the time in this way for seven or eight^ days, waiting
until some slave should return from the trading to be given to us.
During the interval, to while away the time, I went with M. de la Salle
under the guidance of two Indians, about four leagues south of the
village we were in, to see an extraordinary spring. It forms a small
brook as it issues from a rather high rock. The water is very clear, but
has a bad odor, like that of Paris mud, when the mud at the bottom of
the water is stirred with the foot. He^ put a torch in it, and imme-
diately the water took fire as brandy does, and it does not go out until
rain comes. This flame is, amongst the Indians, a sign of abundance,
or of scarcity when it has the opposite qualities. There is no appear-
ance of sulphur or saltpetre, or any other combustible matter. The
water has no taste even ; and I cannot say or think anything better
than that this water passes through some aluminous earth, from which
it derives this combustible quality.
During that time, also, brandy was brought to the village from the
Dutch, on which several Indians got drunk. Several times relations of
the man who had been killed at Montreal a few days before we left,
threatened us in their drunkenness that they would break our heads. It
is a somewhat common custom amongst them when they have enemies,
to get drunk and afterwards go and break their heads or stab them to
death, so as to be able to say afterward that they committed the wicked
act when they were not in their senses. It is actually their custom not
to mourn for those who have died in this manner, for fear of causing
pain to the living by reminding him of his crime. However, we always
kept so well on our guard that no accident happened to us.
» eight or ten days (0. H. Marshall). > L
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30 LE VOTAGE DS MM. DOLLIER ET OALIK^
Enfin ce fut pendant ce temps \k que je vis le plus triste spectacle
que j'aye [jamais] veu de ma vie.* [On me dit ua soir qu'il estoit arriv^
des guemers, qulls avoient amen^ un prisonnier et qu'on Tavoit mis
dans une cabane peu esloign^ de la nostre. Je m'y en allay pour le
voir, et je Fay trouv^ assis au milieu de trois femmes qui pleuroient, k
qui mieux mieux, la mort de leur parent qui avoit est^ tu^ dans Tocca-
sion oil celuy-cy avoit est^ fait prisonnier.
Cestoit un jeune gar9on de 18 i, 20 ans, fort bien fait, qu'ils avoient
habill^ de pied en cap depuis son arriv^ et ne luy avoient fait aucun
mal depuis sa prise. lis ne luy avoient mesme pas donn^ la saluade de
coups de baston qu'ils ont coutume de donner k leurs prisonniers, k
Tentr^e du village, de sorte que je creus que j'aurois le temps de le
demander pour estre notre conducteur; car on disoit qu'il estoit des
Touguenhaa J'allay done trouver M. de la Salle pour cela, qui me dit
que les Sonnontouans estoient gens de parole et que, puisqu'ils nous
avoient promis un esclave, qu'ils nous en donneroient un, et qu'il nous
importoit peu que ce fust celuy-1^ ou un autre, et qu'il ne falloit point
les presser. Je ne me mis done pas davantage en peine. La nuit vint
et nous nous couchasmes. La lumi^re du lendemain ne parut pas plus
tost, qu*]un6 grosse troupe de gens entr^rent dans nostre cabane pour
nous dire que ce prisonnier alloit estre brusl^, et qu'il avoit demand^ k
voir des Mistigouch.' Je courus k la place publique pour le voir, et je
le trouvay desjk sur Teschafaud oh on Tattachoit pieds et mains k un
poteau. Je fus estonn^ d'entendre de luy quelques mots Algonquins
que je reconnus, quoyque de la maniere qu'il les pronon9oit, ils parussent
assez diflBciles k reconnoistre. Enfin il me fit concevoir qu'il auroit bien
voulu que son supplice fust' difi'^r^ jusqu'au lendemain. S*il eust* parl4
bon Algonquin, je Teusse entendu, mais sa langue difi^<^roit encore plus
de r Algonquin que celle des Outaouacs. Ainsi je ne Tentendois que
bien peu.
Je fis parler au Iroquois par notre interprete Hollandois, mais il me
dit qu'il avoit est^ donn^ k une vieille k la place de son fils qui avoit
est^ tu^, et qu'elle ne le pouvoit voir vivre, et que toute sa** parents
s'int^ressoit [si] fort en sa douleur qu'ils ne pouvoient retarder son
supplice. Les fers estoient au feu pour tourmenter ce pauvre miserable.
Pour moy, je dis k mon* interprete de le demander pour Tesclave
qu'on' avoit promis, et que je ferois [un] present k la vieille k qui il
estoit ; mais nostre interprete ne voulut jamais faire cette proposition
^ Verreau inserts here : ** le supplice d'nn prisonnier de 18 i 20 ans que les guer-
riers amen^rent au village sur le soir. Le lendemain de grand matin."
" Mestigouohes. * eut 6t^ * avait. • la. • notre.
' Verreau inserts "nous."
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THE SENEGAS TORTURE A PRISONER. 31
Lastly, it was daring' that time that I saw the saddest spectacle I
ever saw in my life. *[I was told one evening that some warriors had
arrived, that they had brought in a prisoner, and he had been put in a
cabin not far from our own. I went to see him, and found him seated
with three women, who were striving to outdo ea^h other in bewailing
the death of their kinsman, who had been killed on the occasion on
which this man had been made prisoner.
He was a young fellow of eighteen or twenty years, very well
formed. They had dressed him from head to foot since his arrival, and
had done him no harm since his capture. They had not even given him
the salutation of blows with sticks, which it is their custom to give
their prisoners on entering the village. So I thought I should have
time to ask for him in order that he might be our guide ; for it was
said he was one of the Touguenhas. I went accordingly to M. de la
Salle for that purpose, who told me the Senecas were men of their
word ; as they had promised us a slave they would give us one, and it
mattered little to us whether it was this man or another, and it was
best not to press them. I gave myself no further trouble accordingly.
Night came on and we went to bed. The light of next day had no
sooner appeared than] a large company entered our cabin, to tell us the
prisoner was to be burned, and had asked to see some of the Mistigouch.
I ran to the public square to see him, and found him already on the
scaflTold, where they were fastening him, hand and foot, to a stake.
I was astonished to hear from him some Algonkin words, which I
recognized, although from his manner of pronouncing them they seemed
somewhat hard to make out. At last he made me understand that he
would be glad if his execution were put oflF till the next day. If he had
spoken good Algonkin I should have understood him, but his language
differed from Algonkin even more than that of the Ottawas. So I
understood him but very little.
I sent word to the Iroquois by our Dutch interpreter, but he told
me the prisoner had been given to an old woman in place of her son,
who had been killed ; that she could not bear to see him live, and all her
relations were so much concerned in her grief that they could not
delay his execution. The irons were in the fire to torture the poor
wretch. As for myself, I told my^ interpreter to ask for him as the
slave that had been promised, and I would make a present to the old
woman to whom he belonged; but our interpreter never would make
^ [the execution of a prisoner of IS to 20 years of age, whom the warriors brought
to the village towards evening, early next morning.] ' our.
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32 LE VOTAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E.
disant que ce n'esioit point la coastume parmi eux et que cela estoit
trop important Je le mena9ay mesme pour luy faire dire ce que je
dfeirois, maia je n'en pus venir k bout, parce qu'il estoit testu comme
un Hollandois, et il s'enfuit de moy.
Je demeuray done seul aupr^ du pauvre patient qui voyoit derant
luy les instruments de son supplice. Je tascbai de luy faire comprendre
qu'il ne devoit^ plus avoir recours qu!k Dieu, et qu'il luy fist cette priere :
" Toy qui as tout fait, aye piti^ de moy, je suis facb^ de ne t'avoir pas
ob^y, mais si je vivois, je t'ob^irois entiferemeni" H m'entendoit mieux
que je ne I'entendois, par ce que tons les peuples voisins des Outaouacs
entendent I'Algonquin. Je ne creus pas le pouvoir baptiser tant parce
que je ne I'entendois pas assez pour connoistre les dispositions oil il
estoit que parce que les Iroquois me pressoient* de le quitter pour com-
mencer leur trag^ie, et d'ailleurs, je creus que I'acte de contrition que
je luy faisois faire le pouvoit sauver. Si j'avois proven cet accident,
d^s le soir prfe^ent, je I'aurois assur^ment baptist, parce que j aurois
eu pendant la nuit le temps de I'instruire ; mais je ne pus faire autre
chose pour lors que de I'encourager k soufirir patiemment et d'ofllrir k
Dieu ses tourmens en lui disant souvent: ''Toy qui as tout fait, aye
piti^ de moy ! " — ce qu'il r^p^toit les yeux levez au ciel.8
En meisme temps je vis approcher le principal des parents du mort
avec un canon de fusil rougy jusqu'au milieu, ce qui m'obligea k me
retirer. Les autres commencerent k trouver mauvais que je I'encou-
rageasse, d'autant [plus] que c'est parmi eux mauvais augure qu'un
prisonnier souffre^ patiemment le supplice. Je me retiray*^ done avec
douleur, et k peine avois-je toum^ la t^te que ce barbare d'Iroquois luy
appliqua son canon [rouge sur le] dessus des pieds,^ ce qui fit faire un
haut cri k ce pauvre miserable et me fit toumer vers luy. [Je vis cet
Iroquois qui, d'une main grave et pos^, luy appliquoit doucement ce f er
le long des pieds et des jambes, et d'autres vieillards qui fumoient autour
de r^hafaud avec toute la jeunesse qui tressailloit de joye de voir les
contorsions que la violence de feu f aisoit faire k ce pauvre patient.
Sur ces entrefaites,] je me retiray k la cabane oii nohs logions tout
plein de douleur de n'avoir pu sauver ce pauvre esclave, et ce fut pour
lors que je connus plus que jamais de quelle importance il estoit de ne
se point engager, parmi les nations de ces pays icy, qu'on ne sceust leur
langue ou qu'on ne fust asseur^ de son interpr^te, et je puis dire que
le d^faut d'un interpr^te qui fust en nostre main empescha Tenti^re
r^ussite de nostre voyage.
J'estois en nostre cabane k prier Dieu fort triste. M. de la Salle
1 poavoit. ' press^rant. * ^ey^ vers le oieL
* que lea prisomden soaffirent. ■ Je m'arrdt&i. * le pied.
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LACK OF A CAPABLE INTERPRETER. 33
this proposition, saying it was not the custom amongst them, and the
matter was too important. I went as far as to threaten him in order to
make him say what I wished, but could effect nothing, because he was
obstinate like a Dutchman, and ran away from me.
I remained alone accordingly near the poor sufferer, who saw
before him the instruments of his execution. I endeavored to make
him understand that he must^ no longer have recourse to any one but
God, and should offer Him this prayer : " Thou who madest all, have
pity on me ; I am sorry I have not obeyed thee ; but if I live I will
obey thee entirely." He understood me better than I understood him,
because all the tribes bordering on the Ottawas understand Algonkin.
I did not think I could baptise him, not only because I did not under-
stand him sufficiently to know his frame of mind, but also because the
Iroquois were urging me to leave him, in order to begin their tragedy ;
and, moreover, I believed that the act of contrition which I was persuad-
ing him to make might save him. Certainly, if I had foreseen this
accident the evening before, I would have baptized him, because I
should have had time to instruct him during the night ; but I could do
nothing at the time but encourage him to suffer patiently, and to offer
to God his torments, saying often to him : " Thou who madest all, have
pity on me," which he repeated, with his eyes raised to heaven.
At the same time I saw the principal relative of the deceased
approach with a gun-barrel red-hot up to the middle. This obliged me
to withdraw. The others began to find fault with me for encouraging
him, the more so because amongst them it is a bad omen for a prisoner
to endure torture patiently. I retired^ therefore with grief, and
scarcely had I turned my head when this barbarian of an Iroquois
applied his [red-hot] gun-barrel to the top of his feet, which made the
poor wretch utter a loud cry, and forced me to turn towards him. [I
saw that Iroquois with a grave and steady hand applying the iron
slowly along his feet and legs, and other old men smoking round the
scaffold, with all the young people leaping for joy to see the contortions
that the violence of the fire compelled the poor sufferer to make.
Meanwhile] I retired to the cabin in which we lodged, filled with
grief at not being able to save this poor slave, and it was then I recog-
nized more than evef- how important it was not to engage one's self
amongst the tribes of these countries without knowing their language
or being sure of one's interpreter ; and I may say that the lack of an
interpreter under our own control prevented the entire success of our
expedition.
I was in our cabin praying to God and very jsorrowf ul. M. de la
^ could. ' stopped.
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34 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIBR ET GALIN^E.
vint qui me dit qn'il appr^hendoifc que dans le tumulte oti il voyoit tout
le village, il y avoit lieu d'appr^hender qu on ne nous fist quelque
insulte, qu*il y avoit plusieurs personnes qui s'enyvroient ce jour-li, et
qu'enfin il estoit r^lu de s'en aller au lieu oil estoient les canots et le
reste de nostre monde. Je luy dis que j'estois prest de le suivre et que
demeurant avec luy, j'avois peine k me tirer de Tesprit ce pitoyable
spectacla Nous dismes ^ 7 ou 8 de nos gens, qui estoient pour lors
avec nous, de se retirer pour ce jour-lk dans un petit village qui estoit k
demi-lieue du grand oh nous estions, de peur de quelque insulte, et nous
nous en vinmes,^ M. de la Salle et moy, trouver M. Dollier k 6 bonnes
lieues du village.
[II y eut de nos gens assez barbares pour vouloir regarder de bout
k autre le supplice du pauvre Toaguenha, qui nous rapporterent le
lendemain qu'on Tavoit brusl^ par tout le corps, avec des fers chauds
Tespace de six heures, jusqu^i, ce qu'il n'y eust pas en luy une seule
petite place qui ne fust grill^e ; qu'aprfes cela ils luy avoient donn^ six
bord^ de courir par la place oh les Iroquois Tattendoient arm^ de
gros bastons enflammez dont ils le stimuloient et Tabattoient k terre,
lorsqu'il les vouloit joindre; que plusieurs prenoient des chaudi^res
pleines de charbons et de cendres chaudes dont ils le convroient aussitdt
qnk cause de sa lassitude et de sa foiblesse, il vouloit tant soit peu se
reposer; enfin, apr^s deux heures de ce divertissement barbare, ils
Tassommferent k coups de pierre, et ensuite, chacun se jetant sur luy, on
le mit en pieces ; Tun emporta sa teste, Tautre un bras, Tautre un autre
membre, et chacun s en alia le mettre au pot pour en faire festin.
Plusieurs en pr^aentferent aux Fran5ois, leur disant qu'il n'y avoit point
au monde de meilleur manger ; mais personne n en voulut faire Texp^
rience. Sur le soir, tout le monde s'assembla dans la place, avec chacun
une baguette k la main dont ils se mirent k battre sur les cabanes de
tons costez avec un fort grand tintamarre, pour chasser, disoient-ils,
rime du mort qui pourroit s'estre cach^e dans quelque coin pour leur
faire de la peine.]
Nous retoumewmes quelque temps apr^s au village pour faire par
les cabanes la cueillette de bled d'Inde, dont nous avions besoin pour
nostre voyage, que les femmes du village nous apportoient, chacune
selon son moyen, et [il] nous fallut la porter sur le col six grandes lieues
de chemin qu'il y avoit depuis le village jusques au lieu oil nous estions
cabanas.
Pendant nostre s^jour au village, nous nous estions enquis avec
exactitude du chemin qu'il f alloit tenir pour arriver k la riviere d'Ohio ;
• ^ alUmes.
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DEATH OF THE CAPTIVE. 36
Salle came to tell me he feared, in the tumult he saw the whole village
was in, there was reason to apprehend some insult might be offered to
us ; there were many persons getting drunk that day, and finally he was
resolved to get away to the place where the canoes and the rest of our
people were. I told him I was ready to follow him, and that remaining
with him I had difficulty in getting that pitiful spectacle out of my
mind. We told seven or eight of our men who were with us at the
time to withdraw for that day to a little village half a league from the
large one in which we were, for fear of some insult, and M. de la Salle
and I came away and found M. Dollier six good leagues from the village.
[There were some of our men barbarous enough to wish to see the
torture of the poor Toaguenha from beginning to end. They reported
next day that he had been burned with hot irons over his whole body
for the space of six hours, until there was not a single spot on him that
was not roasted. After that they had required him to run six courses
through the square where the Iroquois awaited him armed with large
flaming brands, with which they kept urging him on and knocking him
down when he would come near them. Many took kettles full of coals
and hot cinders, with which they covered him the instant that, by reason
of his exhaustion and weakness, he wished to rest for a single moment.
At last, after two hours of this barbarous amusement, they killed him
with a stone, and afterwards, everyone throwing himself upon him, tore
him to pieces. One carried off his head, another an arm, a third some
other limb, and everyone hurried away to put it in the kettle to feast
on it. Several presented portions of his flesh to the French, telling them
there was no better eating in the world; but no one would try the
experiment. Towards evening everybody aasembled in the square, each
with a small stick in his hand, with which they began to beat the
cabins on all sides with a very great clatter, to drive away, as they
said, the dead man's soul, which might have hidden itself in some
comer to do them harm.]
We returned to the village some time afterward to collect amongst
the cabins the supply of Indian com that we needed for our expedition,
which the women of the village brought to us, each according to her
means. We had to carry it on our necks six good leagues, the distance
from the village to the place where we were encamped.
During our sojourn at the village we had made careful enquiry as
to the road we must take to reach the River Ohio, and everybody
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36 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIEll ET QALIN^
et tout le monde nous [avoit] dit que pour I'aller trouver de Sonnon-
touan, il y avoit six joum^ par terre d'environ douze lieuea cbacune,
ce qui nous fit croire qu'il n'estoit pas possible que nous I'allassions
trouver par 1^, ne pouvant qu'k peine porter pour un si long chemin que
ce qui nous estoit n^essaire pour vivre, bien loin de pouvoir porter
nostre bagage ; mais a mesme temps on nous dit qu'en allant trouver le
lac Eri^* en canot, nous n'aurions que trois jours de portage pour aller
trouver cette rivifere, beaucoup plus pr^ des peuples que nous cher-
chions, que nous la trouverions allant par Sonnontouan.
Mais ce qui nous empescha plus que tout, fut que les Sauvages
dirent k notre interpr^te HoUandois qu'il n'avoit point d'esprit de vouloir
aller aux Toaguenha, qui estoient des peuples extrememenf^ meschans,
qui tascheroient de descouvrir le soir nostre feu et viendroient ensuite
la nuit nous tuer k coups de flesches, dont ils nous auroient plus tost
convert que nous ne nous en serious' aperceus, et [que] de plus *nous
courrions grand risque, le long de la riviere d'Qhio, de rencontrer les
Antastoez* qui nous casseroient infailliblement la teste, et que, pour
cette raison, les Sonnontouans ne vouloient pas venir avec nous, de peur
qu'on ne creust qu'ils estoient cause de la mort des Francois, et qu'ils
avoient bien de la peine k se resoudre k donner un guide, de peur
qu'Onnontio ne leur imputast nostre mort et ne vinst ensuite leur faire
la guerre pour la venger.
Ces discours se tenoient sans que nous en sceussions aucune chose,
mais j'estois tout estonn^ de voir se ralentir Tardeur de mon HoUandois,
qui ne me cbantoit autre chose, sinon que les Sauvages oil nous voulions
aller ne valoient rien et qu'ils nous tueroient infailliblement ; et lorsque
je luy disois qu'il n*y avoit rien k craindre en faisant bonne sentinelle, il
me respondit que la sentinelle,' estant auprfes du feu, ne pourroit' aper-
cevoir ceux qui viendroient la nuit k Fabry des arbres et des brous-
sailles. Enfin, par tons ses discours, il me faisoit voir qu'il estoit espou-
vant^ ; et, en effet, il ne poursuivit plus I'affaire du® guide avec autant
d'ardeur qu'auparavant, et d'ailleurs les Sauvages f urent embouchez (sic),
Ainsi, ils nous mirent* tousjours de jour k autre, disant que leurs gens
tardoient de re venir de traite^ plus qu'ils n'avoient pens6. Nous souf-
frismes^ beaucoup de ce retardement, parce que nous perdions le temps
qui estoit fort beau pour la navigation, et que nous ne pouvions" esp^rer
d'hyvemer dans aucune nation si nous tardions plus longtemps, ce que
M. de la Salle regardoit comme une mort asseurde k cause que nous
* Erie. * enti^rement. ' nous nous en fussions.
♦ Verreau inserts ** que." * Anastois (Verreau suggests ** Andastois "). • lea seatinelles.
^ pouvaient. ■ de. • tenaient.
**traiter. ^ * souffrions. ^'pourrions.
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DANGER OF PROCEEDING TO THE OHIO. 37
[had] told us that in order to get to it from Seneca, it was six days'
journey by land of about twelve leagues each. This made us think
it was not possible for us to get to it that way, as we could hardly
carry anything for so long a journey but the mere necessaries of life
— carrying our baggage being out of the question. But at the same
time we were told that in going to Lake Erie by canoe we should have
only three days' portage to get to that river, much nearer the tribes we
were seeking than we should find it going by Seneca.
But what prevented us more than all was that the Indians told our
Dutch interpreter he had no sense to wish to go to the Toaguenha, who
were an extremely wicked people, that would endeavor to discover our
fire in the evening, and afterwards come in the night and kill us with
their arrows, with which they would have us covered before we could
perceive them ; that furthermore, we ran a great risk along the Ohio
River of encountering the Antastoez, who would unquestionably break
our heads ; that for this reason the Senecas were unwilling to come
with us, for fear people might think they were the cause of the French-
men's death, and they had much difficulty in making up their minds to
give us a guide, for fear Onontio should impute our death to them and
afterward come to make war upon them in order to avenge it.
This kind of talk was going on without our knowing anything
about it, but I was quite astonished to see the Srrdor of my Dutchman
abating, who kept dinning into my ears that the Indians, where we
wished to go, were no good and would kill us without fail. When I
told him there was nothing to fear as long as we kept proper sentry, he
answered me that the sentry, being near the fire, would not be able to
perceive those coming in the night under cover of the trees and under-
brush. In short, by all his talk, he showed me he was frightened. In
fact, he no longer prosecuted the business of the guide with as much
ardor as before, and, moreover, the Indians were given the cue (sic). So
they kept putting us ofi* from day to day, saying that their people were
slower in returning from trade than they expected. We suffered a great
deal from this delay, because we were losing the favorable season for navi-
gation, and could not hope to winter with any tribe if we delayed longer.
a contingency that M. de la Salle regarded as certain death, because we
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38 LE VOTAQE DE MM. DOLLIER ET OALIN^E.
n'estions ^ point asseur^s de vivre dans les bois; cependant nous avons,
gr&ce k Dieu, experiments le contraire.
Nous fusmes retirez de toutes ces peines par Tarriv^ d'un Sauvage
qui venoit des HoUandois et cabana au lieu oti nous estions. II estoit
d'un village dlroquois des Cinq Nations ramass^ au bout du lac
Ontario, pour la commodity de la chasse du chevreuil et de Tours qui est
abondante en ce lieu Ik Ce sauvage nous asseura que nous n'aurions
aucune peine k trouver un conducteur, et qu'il y avoit quantity d'esclaves
des nations oh nous d^irions aller,^ et que tr^-volontiers il nous y con-
duiroit. Nous creumes qu*il estoit bon de prendre ce party, tant parce
que nous faisions tousjours notre route et nous approchions du lieu oil
nous voulions aller, que parce que, le^ village n'estant que de 18 pu 20
cabanes, nous nous persusulasmes que nous en serious [plus] facilement
les maistres, et que nous leur ferions faire par crainte une partie de ce
qu'ils ne voudroient pas faire par amitiS.
Sur cette esp^rance [\k,] nous quittasmes les Sonnontouan& Nous
trouvasmes une riviere large d'un demi-quart de lieue et extremement*
rapide, qui est la descharge ou communication du lac EkiS^ avec le lac
Ontario. La profondeur de ce fleuve (car c'est proprement celuy de
Saint-Laurent) est prodigieuse en cet endroit; car, dfes Tabord, il y a
15 ou 16 brasses d'eau, ce que nous expSrimentasmes en tendant notre
ligne. Cette descharge [pent avoir 40 lieues de chemin et] contient, k
10 ou 12 lieues de son embouchure dans le lac Ontario, une des plus
belles cataractes ou cheutes d'eau qui soyent au monde; car tous les
Sauvages k qui j'en ay parlS disoient* que le fleuve tomboit en cet
endroit d un rocher plus haut que ne'' sont les plus hauts pins, c'est-^dire
d'environ 200 pieds. Aussi Tentendismes-nous du lieu oti nous estions,
mais cette cheute donne une telle impulsion^ k Teau que, quoy que nous
en fussions k 10 ou 12 lieues, I'eau est si rapide qu'^ grand'peine la
peut-on remonter k Taviron ; [et k un quart de lieue de Tembouchure oil
nous estions, elle commence k estre retiree et k continuer son lit entre
deux rochers escarpez extrSmement hauts, ce qui me fait croire qu'elle
seroit difficilement navigable jusques aupr^s du sault. Pour ce qui est
au-dessus du sault, Teau tire de fort loin dans ce pr^ipice, et tr^-
souvent, des cerfs et des biches, des eslans et des chevreuils, se laissent
attirer k un tel point en traversant cette riviere, qu*ils se trouvent
obligez k faire le saut et k se voir envelopper dans cet horrible gouflBre.]
L'envie que nous avions de nous reridre k notre petit village appelS
^ pas. (Instead of the followiDg word Verrean suggests '* habitu^.")
' souhaitions d'aller. ' ce. \ entidrement. * Erie.
• m'ont dit. "^ Yerreau inserts ** le." ^ impression.
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'HZ
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NIAGARA RIVER AND FALLS. 39
were not certain of being able to subsist in the woods. However, thank
God, we experienced the contrary.
We were extricated from all these difficulties by the arrival of an
Indian who came from the Dutch and camped at the place where we
were. He was from a village of Iroquois of the Five Nations, collected
at the end of Lake Ontario for the convenience of hunting roebuck and
bear, which are plentiful at that place. This Indian assured us we
should have no difficulty in finding a guide ; there were a number of
slaves there from the nations to which we desired to go, and he would
willingly take us there. We thought it well to adopt this course, both
because we were always making headway and nearing the place we
wished to go to, and because, the village consisting of only eighteen or
twenty cabins, we persuaded ourselves we should . [all the more] easily
become its masters and make them do through fear a part of what they
would not be willing to do for friendship.
In that hope, we quitted the Senecas. We discovered a river one-
eighth of a league wide and extremely rapid, which is the outlet or
communication from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario. The depth of this
stream (for it is properly the River St. Lawrence) is prodigious at this
spot ; for at the very shore there are 15 or 16 fathoms of water, which
fact we proved by dropping our line. This outlet [may be 40 leagues
in length, and] contains, at a distance of 10 or 12 leagues from its mouth
in Lake Ontario, one of the finest cataracts or water-falls in the world ;
for all the Indians to whom I have spoken about it said the river fell in
that place from a rock higher than the tallest pine trees ; that is, about
two hundred feet. In fact, we heard it from where we were. But this
fall gives such an impulse to the water that, although we were 10 or 12
leagues away, the water is so rapid that one can with great difficulty
row up against it. [At a quarter of a league from the mouth, where
we were, it begins to contract and to continue its channel between two
steep and very high rocks, which makes me think it would be navigable
with difficulty as far as the neighborhood of the falls. As to the part
above the falls, the water draws from a considerable distance into that
precipice, and very often stags and hinds, elks and roebucks, suffer
themselves to be drawn along so far in crossing this river that they
find themselves compelled to take the leap^ and to see themselves swal-
lowed up in that horrible gulf.]
Our desire to go on to our little village called Ganastogu6
^ or : to shoot the oataract
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40 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E.
Ganastognd Sonontoaa Outinaouatoua noas empescha d'aUer voir cette
merveille, [que je tiens d'autant plus grande que le fleuve de Saint-
Laurent est un des plus grands du monde]. Je vous laisse k penser si
ce n'est pas une belle cascade de voir toute Feau^ de ce grand fleuve,
qui k son embouchure a trois lieues de large, se pr^piter de deux cents
pieds de haut avec un bruit qu'on entend non seulement du lieu oil nous
estions, qui en est k dix ou douze lieues ; mais encore de lautre cost^ du
lac Ontario, vis-i-vis de cette embouchure, dont* M. Trouv^ m'a dit
Tavoir entendu. Nous passasmes dans' cette riviere, et enfin, au bout
de cinq jours de marche, nous arrivasmes au bout du lac Ontario, ou est
une belle grande anse de sable, au fond de laquelle est Tembouchure
d'un autre petit lac qui se* descharge, dans lequel nos guides nous
firent entrer environ demi-lieue, et puis descharger nos canots dans
lendroit le plus proche du village, qui en est pourtant k cinq ou six
bonnes lieues.
Ce fut en ce lieu-Uk qu'en attendant que les considerables du village
vinssent^ nous trouver avec du monde pour emporter nostre bagage,
M. de la Salle, allant k la chasse, en rapporta une grosse fifevre qui le
mit en peu de jours fort* bas. Quelques-uns disent que ce fut k la veue
de trois gros serpents k sonnette qu'il trouva dans son chemin montant
k un rocher que la fifevre le prit. Enfin, il est certain que c'est une •fort
laide vision; car ces animaux ne sont pas craintifs comme les autres
serpens, mais attendent une homme'' se mettant d'abord en defense et se
pliant la moiti^ du corps, depuis la queue jusques au milieu, comme si
c'estoit un c^ble, et tenant le reste du corps tout droit, et s'eslan9ant
quelquefois jusqu'^ trois ou quatre ^pas, faisant toujours grand bruit de
la sonnette qu'ils portent au bout de leur* queue. II y en a}^ quantity
en ce lieu Ik, gros comme le bras, de six ou" sept pieds de long, tout
noirs; la sonnette qu'ils portent^' au bout de la queue, et qu'ils agitent^*
fort viste, rend un son pareil k celuy que feroient plusieurs graines de
melon ou de citrouille renferm^es dans une boiste.
Enfin, aprfes trois jours d*attente, les considerables et presque tout
le monde du village vinrent nous trouver. Nous tinsmes le conseil dans
nostre cabane, oh. mon Hollandois r^ussit mieux que nous n'avions fait
au grand village. Nous fismes deux presents pour avoir deux esclaves
et un troisiesme pour faire porter nos hardes au village. Les Sauvages
nous firent deux pr^ents : le premier de quatorze ou quinze peaux de
chevreuil pass^es, pour nous dire qu'ils nous alloient mener k leur village,
mais qu'ils n*y estoient^* qu'une poign^e de monde incapable de nous
^ r^tendue * oil. • done. * * s'v. • vinrent.
• tr«fe«. ' Verreau inserts **de pied ferme." • fois. • la.
1 0 Veixeau inserts "en." * * i. * ■ u porte. * » il agite. * * n'^taient.
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IN BURLINGTON BAY. 41
Sonontoua Outinaouatoua prevented our going to see that wonder,
[which I regarded as so much the greater, as the River St. Lawrence is
one of the largest in the world.] I leave you to imagine if it is not a
beautiful cascade, to see all the water ^ of this great river, which at its
mouth is three leagues in width, precipitate itself from a height of two
hundred feet with a roar that is heard not only from the place where
we were, ten or twelve leagues distant, but actually from the other side
of Lake Ontario, opposite this mouth, from which M. Trouv^ told me he
had heard it. We passed this river, accordingly, and at last, after five
days' voyage, arrived at the end of Lake Ontario, where there is a fine
large sandy bay, at the bottom of which is the outlet of another little
lake discharging itself. This our guides msAe us enter about half a
league, and then unload our canoes at the place nearest the village,
which is, however, five or six good leagues away.
It was at that place, whilst waiting for the principal persons of the
village to come to us with some men to carry our baggage, that M. de
la Salle, having gone hunting, brought back a high fever which pulled
him down a great deal in a few days. Some say it was at the sight of
three large rattlesnakes he found in his path whilst climbing a rock that
the fever seized him. It is certainly, after all, a very ugly sight; for
these animals are not timid like other serpents, but wait for a man,
putting themselves at once in a posture of defence, coiling half the body
from the tail to the middle as if it were a cable, holding the rest of the
body quite erect, and darting sometimes as much as three or four
paces,^ all the time making a great noise with the rattle that they carry
at the end of their tails. There are a great many of them at this place,
as thick as one's arm, six or seven feet long, entirely black. The rattle
that they carry at the end of the tail, and shake very rapidly, makes a
noise like that which a number of melon or squash seeds would make, if
shut up in a box.
At last, after three days* waiting, the principal persons and almost
every one in the village came to find us. We held council in our camp,
where my Dutchman succeeded better than we had done at the large
village. We made two presents in order to obtain two slaves, and a
third to get our packs carried to the village. The Indians made us
two presents; the first of fourteen or fifteen dressed deer skins, to
tell us they were going to take us to their village, but were only a
handful of people, incapable of resisting us, and begged us to do them
* extent. • times.
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42 L£ VOYAGE DE MM. DOLUER ET QALIN^E.
r^sister, et qu'ils nous prioient de ne leur point faire de mal et de ne les
pas brusler comme les Fran9oi3 avoient brusl^ [les] Agnieronons. Noas
les asseurasmes de nostre bonne volont^. lis nous firent encore pr^ent
d'environ cinq mille grains^ de pourcelaine, et enfin de deux esclaves
pour nous conduire. L'un estoit de la nation des Chaouanons et Tautre
estoit de celle des Nez-Perc&. [J'ay creu depuis qull estoit d'une
nation proche des Poutouatamittes ; au reste], tons deux bons chasseurs,
et qui tesmoignoient estre de bonne volont^. Le Chaouanon escheut k
M. de la Salle, et I'autre k nous} lis nous dirent encore que le lendemain
ils nous aideroient k porter nos hardes k leur village, afin d'aller de Ik
nous rendre sur le bord d'une riviere oti nous pourrions nous embarquer
pour entrer dans le lac £rid'
Nous fusmes les plus contents du monde des habitans de ce petit
village, qui nous rdgalerent de leur mieux, et M. DoUier ne pouvoit
contenir la joye qu'il avoit de se voir en si beau chemin d'arriver bientost
parmi les peuples auxquels il vouloit consacrer le reste de ses jours, car
il avoit r^solu de ne jamais revenir, s'il pouvoit trouver quelque nation
qui Teust voulu recevoir. Nous entretinsmes nostre guide, qui nous
asseura que, dans un mois et demi de bonne marche, nous pourrions
arriver aux premieres nations qui sont sur la rivifere d'Ohio, dans le*
bois, parce qu'il n'y avoit pas moyen d'atteindre aucune nation devant
les neiges. Nous d^vorions en esprit toutes ces difficultez, et ne faisions
estat de rien pourveu que nous pussions aller oil nous pensions estre
appelez de Dieu.
Nous partismes de ce lieu, avec plus de cinquante sauvages ou
sauvagesses, environ le 22 septembre, et nos sauvages, nous mesnageant,
nous firent employer deux journ^* k faire notre portage jusques au
village, qui n'estoit pourtant qu'i environ cinq lieuea Nous cabanasmes
done aux environs du village, •[oti nos Sauvages allerent k la chasse et
tu^rent un chevreuil ; et ce fut en ce lieu 1^ que nous apprismes qu'il
y estoit arriv^ deux Fran9oi8, au village oh nous allions], qui venoient
des Outaouais [et en ramenoient un prisonnier Iroquois].
Ces nouvelles nous surprirent parce que nous ne pensions pas qu'il
y eust aucun FrauQois en campagne de ce cost^-lk Cependant deux
des plus considerables nous quitt^rent pour aller recevoir ces nouveaux
hostes, et nous poursuivismes le lendemain notre chemin avec la fatigue
que vous pouvez penser, quelquefois dans Teau k mi-jambe, outre Tin-
commodity des fardeaux, que les branches des arbres vous' accrochent
et vous^ font reculer trois ou quatre pas; mais enfin on ne sent gu^res
^ 600 grains. * Tautre nous ^ohnt. ' Erie. ^ les. * demi joiim^e.
* [et nous apprlmes \k qu'il ^tait arrive au village od nous allions deux Fran9ais.]
J nous.
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THE PORTAGE TO TINAWATAWA. 48
no harm and not to bum them as the French had burnt the Mohawks.
We assured them of our good-will. They made us another present of
about five thousand^ wampum beads, and, lastly, of two slaves for guides.
One was from the nation of the Shawanons and the other from the
Nez-Perc6s. [I have thought since that he was from a nation near the
Pottawattamies ; however], both were good hunters and showed that they
were well disposed. The Shawanon fell to M. de la Salle and the other
to us. They told us, besides, that on the following day they would help
us to carry our baggage to their village, in order to go on from there to
take us to the bank of a river, where we could embark for the purpose
of entering Lake Erie.
We were very much pleased with the inhabitants of this little vil-
lage, who entertained us to the best of their ability. M. Dollier could not
contain the joy that he had in seeing himself with so favorable a pros-
pect of arriving soon amongst the tribes to whom he wished to conse-
crate the rest of his days, for he had resolved never to return if he
could find any nation willing to receive him. We conversed with our
guide, who assured us that in a month and a half of good travelling
we should be able to reach the first nations on the River Ohio ... in
the woods, because there was no means of reaching any nation before
the snows. We devoured, in spirit, all these diflSculties, and made no
account of anything, provided we could go where we thought we were
called of God.
We set out from this place with more than fifty Indians, male or
female, about the 22nd of September, and our Indians, sparing us^
obliged us to take two days in making our portage as far as the village^
which was only, however, about five le8tgues away. We camped,
accordingly, in the vicinity of the village, [where our Indians went
hunting and killed a roebuck, and it was in that place that] we learned
there had arrived two Frenchmen at the village we were going to, who
were on their way from the Ottawas [and were taking back an Iroquois
prisoner belonging to the latter].
This news surprised us, because we did not think there was any
Frenchman out on service in that direction. However, two of the most
influential persons left us to go to receive these new guests, and we
pursued our journey next day with the fatigue you may imagine;
sometimes in the water up to mid-leg, besides the inconvenience of
the packs, which get caught in the branches of trees and make you^
recoil three or four paces. But, after all, one is hardly sensible of
» 600. « us.
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44 LE VOTAOE DE MM. DOLUEB ET OALIN^E.
ces fatigues 1^ quand on croit par elles plaire k Dieu et poavoir.luy
rendre service.
Enfin, nous arrivasmes k TinabhtbtkA le 24 septembre, et trou-
vasmes que le Fran9ois qui estoit arriv^ le jour pr^Aient estoit un
nomm6 JoUiet, qui estoit parti avant nous de Montreal avec une flotte
de quatre canots chargez de marchandises pour les Outaouacs, ^qui
avait eu ordre de M. le Gouvemeur de monter jusques dans le lac
Sup^rieur pour descouvrir oil estoit une mine de cuivre dont on voit icy
des^ morceaux qui n'ont presque pas besoin d'estre raffinez, tant le cuivre
est bon et pur ; [apr^ avoir trouv^ cette mine, de chercher un chemin
plus facile qu!k I'ordinaire pour le pouvoir apporter au Montr^. M.
Jolliet]' n'avoit pu voir cette mine k cause que le temps le pressoit pour
son retour, [mais ayant trouv^ aux Outaouacs des prisonniers que ces
peuples avoient fait sur les Iroquois, il leur dit que Tintention d'Onontio
estoit qu'ils vescussent en p€dx avec les Iroquois, et leur persuada
d'envoyer aux Iroquois un de leurs prisonniers, en tesmoignage de la
paix qu*ils vouloient avoir avec eux.
Ce fut cet Iroquois qui montra k M. Jolliet un nouveau chemin
que les Fran9ois n'avoient point sceu jusques alors pour revenir d^
Outaouacs dans le pays des Iroquoia Cependant la crainte que ce
sauvage eut de retomber entre les mains des Antastoes luy fit dire k
M. Jolliet qu'il falloit qu'il quittast son canot et marchast par terre
plustost qu'il n'eust fallu, et mesme sans cette terreur du sauvage,
M. Jolliet eust pu venir par eau jusques dans le lac Ontario, en faisant
un portage de demi-lieue pour ^viter le grand sault dont j'ay d6ji parl6,
mais enfin il fut oblig^ par son guide de faire cinquante lieues par terre,
et abandonner son canot sur le bord du lac £ri^.]
Cependant la maladie de M. de la Salle commen9oit k luy oster
Tenvie de pousser* plus loin, et le d^sir de voir ^Montr^l commen9oit k
le presser. II ne nous en avoit point parl^ ; mais nous nous en estions
bien aperceus, et d'ailleurs le chemin que M. Jolliet avoit fait avec la
nouvelle qu*il nous apprit qu*il avoit envoy^ de son monde chercher une
nation d'Outaouacs fort nombreuse nomm^e les Pouteouetamites,* oil il
n'y avoit jamais eu de missionnaires, et que ce peuple' estoit voisin des
Iskoutegas, et la grande rivifere qui menoit aux Chaouanons nous fit
envie, k M. Dollier et k moy, d'aller chercher la riviere oil nous voulions
entrer par le cdt^ des Outaouacs plustost que par celuy des Iroquois,
parceque le chemin nous en sembla beaucoup plus facile et que nous
S9avions tous deux la langue Outaouaise.
* Verreau inserts " et" •les. » [mais H] * passer.
* Verreau inserts "le." * Pouteouatamis. ^ quelque peuple.
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JOLLIET AND LA SALLE. 45
those fatigues when he thinks that by them be is pleasing God and able
to render Him service.
At last we arrived at Tinawatawa on the 24th of September, and
found that the Frenchman who had arrived the day before was a man
named Jolliet, who had left Montreal before us with a fleet of four
canoes loaded with goods for the Ottawas, and had orders from the
Governor to go up as far as Lake Superior to discover the situation of
a copper mine, specimens from which are seen here that scarcely need
refining, so good and pure is the copper. [After^ finding this mine he
was to find out an easier route than the ordinary one to transport it
to Montreal. M. Jolliet] had not been able to see this mine, because
time pressed him. for his return; [but having discovered amongst the
Ottawas some Iroquois prisoners that these tribes had taken, he told
them that Onontio's intention was that they should live at peace with
the Iroquois, and persuaded them to send one of their prisoners to the
Iroquois as a token of the pea<^e they wished to have with them.
It was this Iroquois who showed M. Jolliet a new route, heretofore
unknown to the French, for returning from the Ottawas to the country
of the Iroquois. However, the fear this Indian had of falling again
into the hands of the Antastoes led him to tell M. Jolliet he must leave
his canoe and walk overland sooner than would have been necessary.
Indeed, but for this terror on the part of the Indian, M. Jolliet could
have come by water as far a^ Lake Ontario, by making a portage of
half a league to avoid the great falls of which I have already spoken.
In the end he was obliged by his guide to make fifty leagues by land
and to abandon his canoe on the shore of Lake Erie.]
Meanwhile M. de la Salle's illness was beginning to take away from
him the inclination to push further on, and the desire to see Montreal
was beginning to press him. He had not spoken of it to us, but we had
clearly perceived it. Moreover, the route M. Jolliet had taken, with the
news he brought us — that he had sent some of his party in search of a
very numerous nation of Ottawa^ called the Pottawattamies, amongst
whom there never had been any missionaries, and that this tribe
bordered on the Iskoutegas — and the great river that led to the Shaw-
anons, induced M. DoUier and me to wish to go and search for the
river into which we wished to enter by way of the Ottawas rather than
by that of the Iroquois, because the route seemed to us much easier and
we both knew the Ottawa language.
} [But he].
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46 L£ VOTAQE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^
Un autre accident nous confirma dans cette pens^,^ [qui fut qu'apres
avoir ^quip^ ce Sauvage qui nous devoit servir de guide d'un capot, d'une
couverture, de chaudifere et de couteau, il arriva un Sauvage de chez les
Hollandois qui apporta de Teau-de-vie, dont ces gens ]k sont fort friands,
et prit envie k notre conducteur d'en boire, lequel n'ayant point de quoy
en traiter, il porta son capot pour en avoir dix bouch^ d'un baril avec
un chalumeau, puis la rendit dans un plat de bois.
Je fus averty de cette affaire qui ne me plut point, parce que
notre conducteur ayant traits son capot nous en auroit infailliblement
demand^ un autre pour passer Thiver, et nous n*en avions plus de reste ;
et ainsi je cms que pour nous asseurer de nostre guide, il falloit em-
pescher cette affaire. Je m'en allay k la cabane oh Ton tenoit le cabaret,
et y trouvay effectivement notre traiteur k qui je retiray le capot des
mains qu'il avoit desjk bien engag^, luy faisant dire que je luy rendrois,
lorsqu'il ne seroit plus ivre. Cet homme se fascha si fort de cette affaire
qu']il alia qu^rir tout ce que nous lui avions donn^ et nous le rendit;
mais il ne nous eut pas plus tost quitt^^ qu'il se pr^nta un Chaouanon
pour nous conduire, que nous prismes au mot. [Cependant comme cette
action avoit fait du bruit, les considerables s'assemblerent et vinrent
nous faire pr^ent de deux milliers de porcelaine pour ne nous point
souvenir de ce qui s'estoit pass^. Nous le promismes, et ils nous firent
grand festin.]
Si la mission de M. Dollier n'avoit point est^ pour les Outaouacs k
Texclusion des Iroquois, il se fust arr^t^ dans ce village oh on Ten pressa
tout-^fait, avec toutes les protestations imaginables, de s appliquer k la
priere tout de bon ; mais il fallut passer sans leur pouvoir faire autre
bien que de les oonfirmer dans les boos desseins qu'ils avoient, et leur
promismes que les Robes noires de Eent^ les viendroient voir Thiver
prochain ; et en effet, nous en ^rivismes k M. de Fenelon qui faisoient"
la mission avec fruit k Kent^, et M. Trouv^ nous fit la gr&ce d'accomplir
la parole que nous leur avions donn^e, et d'y venir annoncer la parole
de Dieu dfes le mois de novembre suivant. M. JoUiet nous fit offire d*une
description qu'il avoit [faite] de sa route depuis les Outaouacs que
j'acceptay, et la r^duisis d^s lors en carte marine, qui nous a beaucoup
*apris pour nous conduire, Dieu nous ayant ost^^ notre second guide de
la maniere que je diray apr^s.
Enfin M. de la Salle, nous voyant^ dans le dessein de partir dans
deux ou trois jours pour nous rendre sur le bord de la rivifere qui nous
* Verreau has instead of the omitted words, ** (c'est que le sauvage qui devoit nous servir
de guide s'6tant ennivr^ et s'^tant fort fasche de ce aue je vouTus I'emp^her de donner
pour cette eau-de-vie le capot, que nous lui avions aonn4,)"
• n'eut pas plutOt quitt^. • Fenelon qui faisoit. * servi. • 6ti. • croyaot.
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SULPITIANS CHANGE THEIR PLANS. 47
Another accident confirmed us in this thought, * [which was, that
after we had equipped the Indian, who was to serve as our guide, with
a capote, a blanket, kettle and knife, there arrived an Indian from the
Dutch, who brought brandy, of which these people are very fond, and
our guide took a strong desire to drink of it. Not having the where-
withal to trade, he gave his capote in order to obtain six mouthfuls of
it from a keg with a reed, and then threw it up into a wooden platter.
I was informed of this affair, which did not please me, because our
guide, having traded his capote, would certainly ask us for another to
get through the winter, and we had no more left. So I thought, that in
order to make sure of our guide, it was necessary to put a stop to this
business. I went to the cabin where the bar was kept, and there
actually found our trader, from whose hands I took away the capote
which he had already virtually pledged, causing him to be informed
that I would return it to him when he was no longer drunk. The man
was so angry at this affair that] he went and hunted up all we had
given him and handed it back to us ; but he had no sooner left us than
a Shawanon presented himself to conduct us, whom we took at the
word. [However, as this act had been noised about, the principal
persons assembled, and came to make us a present of two thousand
wampum beads so that we might not remember what had passed. We
promised, and they feasted us handsomely.]
If M. Dollier's mission had not been for the Ottawas, to the exclu-
sion of the Iroquois, he would have stopped in this village, where he
was indeed urged with all imaginable protestations to apply himself to
prayers in good earnest. But we had to pass on, without being able to
do them any good further than to confirm them in the good intentions
they had, and we promised them that the black robes of Eent^ should
come to see them next winter; and in fact we wrote about it to
M. de F^nelon, who was carrying on a successful mission at Eent^, and
M. Trouv^ did us the favor to fulfil the promise we had given them and
to come there to announce the Word of God as early as the month of
November following. M. Jolliet offered us a description he had [made]
of his route from the Ottawas, which I accepted, and I reduced it at the
time to a marine chart, which gave us a good deal of information as to
our way, God having deprived us of our second guide in the manner I
shall mention hereafter.
At last M. de la Salle, seeing^ us determined to depart in two or
three days, in order to proceed to the bank of the river that was
^ [The Indian who was to Berve as as guide, having got drunk, and become enraged
because I wanted to prevent him from bartering for this brandy the capote
we had given him.]. 'believing.
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48 LE VOTAQE DE MM. DOLLIER ET OALIN^E.
devoit conduire au lac £ri^/ s'ouvrit k nous et nous dit que Testat de sa
sant^ ne luy permettoit plus de penser au voyage qu'il avoit entrepris
avec noua II nous prioit de Texcuser, s'il nous abandonnoit, pour
retoumer au Montr^l, et qu'il ne pouvoit* se r^udre k hyvemer avec
ses gens au milieu d*un bois oil le peu d'adresse et dliabitude qu'ils
avoient les pourroit' faire mourir de faim.
Le dernier jour de septembre, M. DoUier dit la Sainte-messe pour
la seconde fois dans ce village oil nous communiasmes pour la pluspart,
tant du cost^ de M. de la Salle que du nostre, pour nous unir dans
notre* Seigneur dans un temps oil nous nous vojdons tout prte^ de nous
s^parer. Jusques icy nous n'avions jamais manqu^ d'entendre la Sainte-
messe trois fois la semaine, que M. Dollier nous disoit sur un petit autel
pr^par^ avec des avirons sur des fourches, et entour^ de* voiles de nos
canots, et nous prenions' le plus que nous pouvions garde de n'estre
point veus des sauvages qui eussent pu se railler de notre sainte c^re-
monie, de sorte que nous avons eu le bien^ et Thonneur d'of&ir le saint
sacrifice de la messe en plus de deux cents endroits ou il n'avoit jamais
est^ offert.
Nous n'eusmes point de peine k persuader k nos gens^ de nous
suivre. II n'y en eut pas un qui eust pour lors envie de nous quitter,
et on pent dire avec v^rit^ qu'on remarquoit plus de joye dans ceux qui
alloient s'exposer k mille perils que dans ceux qui retoumoient dans un
lieu d'asseurance, quoyque ceux-cy nous regardoient comme des gens
qui alloient s'exposer k la mort, comme ^ils le publiferent dfes qu'ils f urent
arrivez icy, et firent beaucoup de peine k ^ceux qui prenoient quelque
interest k nos personnes. [M. Jolliet me fit bien le plaisir de m'enseigner
pareillement le lieu oil estoit son canot, parce que le mien ne valoit
presque plus rien, ce qui me f aisoit r^oudre k tascher de Tavoir le plus tost
possible que je pourrois, de peur que quelques sauvages nous Tenlevast.]
Nous partismes done de Tinaouataoua, le 1^ octobre 1669, aocom-
pagnez de bon nombre de Sauvages qui nous aidoient k porter nos canots
et nos hardes, et apr^ avoir fait environ 9 ou 10 lieues en trois jours,
nous arrivasmes sur le bord de la riviere que je nomme Rapide, k cause
de la violence avec laquelle elle marche, quoyqu'elle n'eust^ pas beau-
coup d'eau, car en beaucoup d'endroits, nous ne trouvions pas de quoy
faire passer nos canots qui ne tiroient pas un pied d'eau."
On dit la Sainte-messe le quatriesme, Jour de saint Francois, [et ce
mesme jour je demanday k tons nos gens lesquels voudroient alter par
* Erie. • pourrait. • pouvait.
« des. ' Verreau inserts ** Ik."
J • Verreau inserts ** en effet." * * Verreau inserts
> ' Verreau inserts ** Nous etions 12 personnes et avions trois canots. '^
*N. a
•prdts.
* nommes.
« lieu.
tons."
i«n'ait.
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LA SALLE LEAVES THE SULPITIANS. 49
to take us to Lake Erie, explained himself to us, and told us that the
state of his health no longer permitted him to think of the journey he
had undertaken along with us. He begged us to excuse him if he
abandoned us to return to Montreal, and added that he could not make
up his mind to winter in the woods with his men, where their lack of
skill and experience might make them die of starvation.
The last day of September, M. Dollier said Holy Mass for the
second time in this village, where most of us, as well on M. de la Salle's
side as on ours, received the Sacrament in order to unite in our Lord at
a time when we saw ourselves on the point of separating. Hitherto
we had never failed to hear Holy Mass three times a week, which
M. Dollier said for us on a little altar prepared with paddles on forked
sticks and surrounded with sails from our canoes. We took the
greatest possible care not to be seen by the Indians, who would perhaps
have made a mockery of our holy ceremony. So we have had the
happiness and the honor of offering the holy sacrifice of the mass in
more than two hundred places where it never had been offered.
We had no trouble in persuading our men to follow us. There was
not one at that time who desired to leave us ; and it may be said with
truth that more joy was remarked in those who were going to expose
themselves to a thousand perils than in those who were turning back to
a place of safety, although the latter regarded us as people who were
going to expose themselves to death ; as indeed they announced as soon
as they arrived here, and caused a great deal of pain to those^ who took
some interest in our welfare. [M. JoUiet was kind enough to inform
me likewise of the place where his canoe was, because mine was
now almost worthless, which made me resolve to endeavor to get it
at the earliest possible moment, for fear Indians should carry it off
from us.]
We set out then from Tinsiouataoua on the 1st of October, 1669,
accompanied by a good number of Indians, who helped us to carry our
canoes and baggage, and after making about 9 or 10 leagues in three
days we arrived at the bank of the river which I call the Rapid, because
of the violence of its current, although it had not much water, for in
many places we did not find enough to float our canoes, which did not
draw a foot of water.®
Holy Mass was said on the fourth, St. Francis' day, [and* that
same day I asked all our men which of them would go by land as
^ with the sails. ' to all those.
• Verreau adds : We were 12 persons and had three canoes.
* at last, after 8 days' travelling, during which we had to be constantly in the water
drawing the canoes, etc.
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50 LE VOTAQE DE MM. DOLLIER £T GAUNl^E.
terre jasques au lieu oh se trouvoit le canot qu*on m*avoit donn^, parce
qu'aussi bien nous ne pouvions pas noas embarquer, douze que nous
estions, en trois canots, sur une riviere oil il y a si peu d'eau qu'en
celle-cy. Mon Hollandois se pr^nta et me dit qu'il avoit bien compris
le chemin pour y aller et qu'il le trouveroit infailliblement. Comme je
n'en connoissois point dans noire troupe de plus intelligent que luy, je
trouvay bon qu'il m'eust propose la chose. Je luy dis de prendre notre
sauvage Chaouanon et celuy que nous avions du Montr^l, avec des
vivres et des munitions, et de nous aller attendre au lieu oti estoit le
canot, et que nous le joindrions bientost.
lis nous quittferent ce mesme jour 3 octobre, et nous autres nous
partismes le 4 du mesme mois, deux en chaque canot et le reste par
terre. C'est chose estonnante combien nous eusmes de peine k descendre
cette riviere, car il falloit presque tousjours estre k Teau pour traisner
le canot qui ne pouvoit passer faute d'eau, en sorte que quoyque cette
riviere n'ayt pas plus de 40 lieues de cours, nous employasmes huit
jours entiers k la descendre. Nous y fismes fort bonne chasse.
Enfin]^ nous arrivasmes, le 13 ou le 14, au bord du lac firie, qui
nous parut d'abord^ comme une grande mer, parce que souffloit' pour
lors un grand vent du Sud et qu'il n y a peut-estre point de lac dans tout
le pays oh les vagues s'^lfevent si hautes^ [que de celuy-cy, ce qui arrive]
k cause de sa grande profondeur et de sa grande estendue. [Sa longueur
va de FEst k I'Ouest, et sa coste du cost^ du Nord est environ par les 42
degr^s de latitude. Nous marchasmes trois joum^ le long de ce lac,
voyant toujours terre de I'autre bord, environ k 4 ou 5 lieues, ce qui
nous faisoit croire que ce lac n'avoit que cela de largeur; mais nous
avons est^ d^trompez lorsque nous avons veu que cette terre, que nous
voyions de Fautre bord, estoit une presqu'isle qui s^paroit le petit sein
dans lequel nous estions, du grand lac dont on ne voit point les homes,
lorsqu'on est dans la presqu'isle. J'ay marqu^ la chose dans la carte
que je vous envoye k peu pres comme je Fay veue.]
Au bout de trois jours, pendant lesquels nous ne fismes que 21 ou
22 lieues, nous trouvasmes un endroit qui nous parut [si* beau, avec une
chasse si abondante, que nous creumes ne pouvoir trouver mieux oil
passer notre hiver. Dfes en y arrivant, nous y tuasmes un cerf et une
^ [Enfin apr^s 8 jours de marche pendant lesquels 11 nous fallait toujours etre k Teau, puis
trainer les canots] nous arrivftmes, etc.
* Erie, qui nous parut du bord. ^ k cause qu'il souffloit. ^ haut.
• [propre k y passer I'hiver et nous nous y caban&mes k Tembouchure d'une jolie riviere. La
chasse y fut abondante : nous y tu&mes quantity de cerfs, de biches et de chevreuils,
de sorte que nous commen94mes k ne plus craindre de p&tir pendant Thiver. Nous
boucan&mes la viande de 9 grandes b^tes qui eut pu se conserver deux ou trois ans.
Nous flmes] bonne provision de noix, etc.
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QBAND RIVEB AND LAKE ERIE. 51
far as the place where the canoe was that had been given me, as it was
impossible for twelve of us to embark in three canoes on a river where
there is so little water as in this. My Dutchman offered himself, and
said to me that he had thoroughly understood the route to go there and
would find it without fail. As I knew none in our party more intelli-
gent than he, I was glad he had proposed the thing to me. I told him
to take our Shawanon Indian and the one we had from Montreal, with
provisions and ammunition, and go on and wait for us at the place
where the canoe was, and we should soon join him.
They left us that same day, the 3rd of October, and the rest of us
set out on the 4th of the same month, two in each canoe, and the rest
by land. It is marvellous how much diflSculty we had in descending
this river, for we had to be in the water almost all the time dragging
the canoe, which was unable to pass through for lack of water, so that
although this river is not more than forty leagues in length, we took
eight whole days to descend it We had very good hunting there.
At last] we arrived, on the 13th or 14th, at the shore of lake Erie,
which appeared to us at first^ like a great sea, because there was a
great south wind blowing at the time. There is perhaps no lake in the
whole country in which the waves rise so high, [which happens]
because of its great depth and its great extent. [Its length lies from
east to west, and its north shore is in about 42 degrees of latitude. We
proceeded three days along this lake, seeing land continually on the
other side about 4 or five leagues away, which made us think that the
lake was only of that width ; but we were undeceived when we saw
that this land, that we saw on the other side, was a peninsula separating
the little bay in which we were from the great lake, whose limits can-
not be seen when one is in the peninsula. I have shown it on the map
I send you pretty nearly as I saw it.]
At the end of three days, during which we made only 21 or 22
leagues, we found a spot which appeared to us^ [so beautiful, with such
an abundance of game, that we thought we could not find a better in
which to pass our winter. The moment we arrived we killed a stag
* appeared to us from the shore like, etc.
• ** [suitable for wintering in, and we camped there at the mouth of a pretty river. Game
was abundant ; we killed a considerable number of stags, hinds and roebucks, so that
we began to have no longer any fear of suffering during the winter. We smoked the
meat of 9 large animals, which could have kept for two or three years. We made] "
good provision of walnuts, etc
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52 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALINl^E.
biche. et le jour suivant encore deux jeunes cerfa Cette grande chasse
nous d^termina tout-i-fait de demeurer en ce lieu. Nous y cherchasmes
quelque bel endroit pour faire une cabane d'hiver, et nous trouvasmes
une fort jolie rivifere sur Temboucheure de laquelle nous nous caba-
nasmes, en attendant que nous eussions fait avertir nostre Hollandois du
lieu que nous avions choisy. Nous y envoyasmes done deux de nos
gens au lieu du canot qui revinrent au bout de huit jours, et nous dirent
qu'ils avoient trouv^ le canot, mais qu*ils n'avoient veu ni le Hollandois
ni les Sauvages. Cette nouvelle nous mit extremement en peine, ne
S9achant k quoy nous r^oudre. Nous creumes ne pouvoir mieux faire
que d'attendre en ce lieu qui estoit fort apparent, et par lequel il falloit
par n^cessit^ qu'ils passassent pour aller trouver le canot.
Nous chassasmes cependant et tuasmes quantity de cerfs, biches
et chevreuils, de sorte que nous commen9asmes k ne plus craindre de
partir pendant Thyver. Nous boucanasmes la viande de 9 grandes
bestes, en sorte qu'elle eust pu se conserver pendant deux ou trois ans, et
avec cette provision nous attendions avec tranquillity Thyver en chassant
et en faisant] bonne provision de noix et [de] chastaignes qui estoient Ik
en grande quantity. Nous avoins bien dans notre magasin 23 ou 24
minots de ces fruits, outre les pommes, les prunes et les raisins, et les
alizes^ dont nous eusmes abondance pendant Tautomne.
Je vous diray en passant que la vigne ne vient ici que dans des
sables,* sur le bord des lacs et des riviferes, mais quoyqu*elle n'ayt
aucune culture, elle ne laisse pas de produire dee raisins en grande
quantity aussi gros et aussi doux que les plus beaux de France ; nous en
fismes mesme du vin, dont M. Dollier dit la Sainte-messe tout ITiiver, et
il estoit' aussi bon que le vin de Grave ; c'est un gros vin noir comme
celuy-lk. On ne voit icy que des raisins rouges,* mais en si grande
quantity, que nous avons trouv^ des endroits oh on auroit fait facilement
25 ou 30 bariques de vin.
[ Je vous laisse k penser si nous soufirismes au milieu de cette abond-
since dans le Paradis terrestre du Canada ; je Tappelle ainsi parce qu'il
n y a point asseur^ment de plus beau pays dans tout le Canada. Les
bois y sont clairs, entremesl^s de fort belles prairies arrous^ de rivieres
et de ruisseaux remplis de poissons et de castors, quantity de fruits, et
ce qui est plus considerable,]*^ si plein de bestes que nous y avons veu
une fois plus de 100 chevreuils en une seule bande, des troupes de 50
ou 60 biches et des ours plus gras et de meilleur goust que les plus
savoureux cochons de France. [Enfin, nous pouvons dire que nous
^ aticas. * du sable. ' qui ^tait. ^ da raUin rouge.
* [Ce pays, que j'appelle le parddu terrtstrt du Canada^ est] si plein de bdtes, etc.
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> ^
S g
^ 1
S -
^ I
< -
a: ^
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THE EARTHLY PARADISE OF CANADA. 53
and a hind, and again on the following day two young stags. The
good hunting quite determined us to remain in this place. We looked
for some favorable spot to make a winter camp, and discovered a very
pretty river, at the mouth of which we camped, until we should send
word to our Dutchman of the place we had chosen. We sent accord-
ingly two of our men to the place of the canoe, who returned at the
end of a week, and told us they had found the canoe but seen neither
the Dutchman nor the Indians. This news troubled us very much, not
knowing what to decide. We thought we could not do better than
wait in this place, which was very conspicuous, and which they must
necessarily pass to go to find the canoe.
We hunted meanwhile and killed a considerable number of stags,
hinds and roebucks, so that we began to have no longer any fear of
leaving^ during the winter. We smoked the meat of 9 large animals in
such a manner, that it could have kept for two or three years, and with
this provision we awaited the winter with tranquility whilst hunting
and making] good provision of walnuts and chesnuts, which were there
in great quantities. We had indeed in our granary 23 or 24 minots of
these fruits, besides apples, plums and grapes, and alizes^ of which we
had ein abundance during the autumn.
I will tell you, by the way, that the vine grows here only in sand,
on the banks of lakes and rivers, but although it has no cultivation it
does not fail to produce grapes in great quantities as large and as sweet
as the finest of France. We even made wine of them, with which M.
DoUier said Holy Mass all winter, and it was as good as vin de Grave.
It is a heavy, dark wine like the latter. Only red grapes are seen here,
but in so great quantities, that we found places where one could easily
have made 25 or 30 hogsheads of wine.
[I leave you to imagine whether we suffered in the midst of this
abundance in the earthly Paradise of Canada ;^ I call it so, because
there is assuredly no more beautiful region in all Canada. The woods
are open, interspersed with beautiful meadows, watered by rivers and
rivulets filled with fish and beaver, an abundance of fruits, and what is
more important] so full of game that we saw there at one time more
than a hundred roebucks in a single band, herds of fifty or sixty hinds,
and bears fatter and of better flavor than the most savory pigs of
* suffering. ■ cranberries.
' [This country, which I call the earthly Paradise of Canada is] so f uU of game, etc.
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54 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET QALINl^E.
avons pass^ Thiver plus commod^ment que nous n'eussions fait au
Montr^l.
Nous demeurasmes quinze jours sur le bord du lac k attendre nos
gens ; mais nous voyant au commencement de novembre, nous ereumes
qu'asseur^ment ils avoient manqu^ le chemin, et ainsi nous ne pusmes
faire autre chose que de prier Dieu pour eux.] Nous ne pouvions pas
passer I'hiver sur le bord du lac, k cause des grands vents dont nous
eussions est^ battus. C'est pourquoy nous choisismes un fort bel endroit
sur le bord d'ua ruisseau, environ un quart de lieue dans le^ bois, oil
nous nous cabanasmes. Nous dressasmes un joli autel au bout de notre
cabane, oti nous avons eu le bien^ d'entendre, sans manquer, la Sainte-
messe trois fois la semaine, avec la consolation que vous pouvez penser
de nous voir avec notre bon Dieu, au milieu des bois, dans une terre oil
jamais aucun Europ^en n'avoit est^. Monsieur DoUier nous disoit
souvent que cet hyver nous devoit valoir pour notre ^ternit^ plus que
les dix meilleures ann^es de nostre vie ; on s'y conf essoit souvent ; on y
communioit de mesme. Enfin, nous y avions notre messe paroissiale les
festes et dimanches avec les instructions n^cessaires ; la pri^re soir et
matin et tons les autres exercices du chrestien. L'oraison se faisoit avec
tranquillity au milieu de cette solitude oil nous ne vismes aucun Stranger
pendant trois mois, au bout desquels nos gens trouvferent en chassant
quelques Iroquois qui venoient en ce lieu pour y faire la cliasse du castor ;
ils nous visitoient et nous trouvoient dans une fort bonne cabane dont
ils admiroient la structure,* et ensuite amenoient tons les sauvages qui
passoient par Ik pour la voir. Aussi Tavions-nous bastie de sorte que
nous eussions pu nous y d^fendre longtemps contre ces* barbares, s'il
leur eust pris envie de nous venir faire insulte.
'^[L'hyver fut fort rude par tout le Canada Tan 1669, surtout en
f^vrier 1670. Cependant, les plus grandes neiges ne furent pas de plus
d*un pied, qui commencerent k couvrir la terre dans le mois de Janvier,
au lieu ({u!k Montreal on en aper^oit pour Tordinaire trois pieds et demi
qui couvrent la terre pendant quatre mois de Tannic. Je crois que nous
fussions morts de froid, si nous eussions est^ dans un lieu oil il eust fait
aussy rude qu*au Montreal, car il se trouva que toutes les baches] ne
valoient rien et nous les cassasmes presque toutes, en sorte que si le bois
que nous coupions eust est^ gel^ aussi dur qu'il Test au Montr&l, nous
n'eussions pew^ eu de haches des le mois de Janvier, [car Thy ver se passa
avec toute la douceur possible.
^ les. ' lieu. ' situation. * les.
' [Heureusement Phiver se passa en ce lieu aveo toute la douceur possible. S'il Sut 6t&
aussi rigoureux qu'au Montreal (en 1669 et surtout en f^vrier 1670 qui fut extreme au
Montreal), nous fussions morts de froid, car toutes les haches que nous avions] ne
valoient rien, etc.. • plus.
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SULPITIANS WINTER AT PORT DOVER. 55
France. [Iq short, we may say that we passed the winter more com-
fortably than we should have done in Montreal.
We stayed a fortnight on the lake shore waiting for our men ; but
seeing that we were at the beginning of November, we thought they
had certainly missed the way, and so we could do nothing else than
pray to God for them.] We could not pass the winter on the lake shore
because of the high winds by which we should have been buffeted. For
this reason we chose a beautiful spot on the bank of a rivulet, about a
quarter of a league in the woods, where we encamped. We erected a
pretty altar at the end of our cabin, where we had the happiness* to
hear Holy Mass three times a week without missing, with the consola-
tion you may imagine of finding ourselves with our good God, in the
midst of the woods, in a land where no European had ever been. Mon-
sieur Dollier often told us that that winter ought to be worth to us, as
regards our eternal welfare, more than the best ten years of our life.
We confessed often, received communion as well. In short, we had our
parochial mass, holidays and Sundays, with the necessary instructions ;
prayer evening and morning, and every other Christian exercise.
Orison was offered with tranquillity in the midst of this solitude, where
we saw no stranger for three months, at the end of which our men
while hunting discovered a number of Iroquois coming to this place to
hunt beaver. They used to visit us and found us in a very good cabin
whose construction^ they admired, and afterward they brought every
Indian who passed that way to see it. For that reason, we had built
it in such a fashion that we could have defended ourselves for a long
time against these barbarians, if the desire had entered their minds to
come to insult us.
[The winter was very severe all over Canada in the year 1669, espe-
cially in February, 1670. However, the deepest snow was not more
than a foot, which began to cover the ground in the month of January,
whilst at Montreal there is usually seen three feet and a half of it,
which covers the ground during four months of the year. I believe we
should have died of cold, if we had been in a place where the weather
was as severe as in Montreal. For it turned out that all the axes]^ were
worthless, and we broke almost all of them ; so that, if the wood we
were cutting had been frozen as hard as it is in Montreal, we should
have had no axes from the month of January ; for the winter passed
off with all possible mildness.
^ opportunity. * situation.
' [Happily the winter passed off in this place with all possible mildness. If it had
been as severe as at Montreal (iu 1669 and especially in February, 1670, which
was extreme at Montreal), we should have died of cold, for all the axes we had]
were worthless, etc.
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56 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALINISe.
Cependant, nous ne laissons pas de souhaiter le temps de la naviga-
tion afin de pouvoir nous rendre aux Pouteouetamites de bonne heure,
et que je pusse retoumer cette ann^e au Montr^l, pour renvoyer k
M. Dpllier les choses dont il auroit besoin dans sa mission.]
Le 23 mars, jour du dimanche de la Passion, nous allasmes tons au
bord du lac pour faire et planter une croix en m^moire d*une si longue
demeure des Fran9ois, comme avoit est^ la nostre. Nous y fismes nos
priferes/ et [voyant que \k oh nous estions estoit presque net de glaces,]
nous r^solusmes de partir le 26 mars,'^ le lendemain [de rAnnonciation*].
Mais comme la riviere par oix nous avions est^* au lieu de notre
hyvemement [n'estoit pas si expos^e, ny aux vens, ny au soleil comme
le lac, elle] estoit encore toutes gel^e, [de sorte qu']il fallut* faire porti^
de toutes nos hardes et, de nos canots jusques au lac oh nous nous
embarquasmes, aprfes avoir demeur^ en ce lieu 5 mois et 11* joura
Nous fismes ce jour-lk 6 ou'' 7 lieues et fusmes accueiUis d'un si
gros vent, qu'il fallut s'arrester et demeurer deux jours pendant lesquels
le vent continua si fort, que trouvant mon canot que mes^ gens n'avoient
pas eu soin de bien affermir,^ il Temporta au large si [loing^° qu'avant
que nous nous en f ussions aperceus, il estoit a plus d'un grand quart de
lieue loin du bord. Deux hommes se mirent dans un autre canot pour
Taller sauver et I'atteignirent en efiet ; mais la violence du vent f aillit
k les submerger, joint qu'ils ne pouvoient gouvemer leur canot, k cause
du mien qui jouoit au gr^ du vent et qu'ils ne pouvoient tenir, en sorte
qu'ils f urent contraints de couper la corde avec quoy ils Tavoient attach^
au leur pour se sauver. Le vent estoit de terre ; ainsy il ne me parois-
soit pas bien fort, de mani^re que je creus qu'ils laissoient aller le canot
parce qu'ils n'estoient pas assez forts pour Tamener. Je m'embarquay
done avec deux hommes dans le canot qui nous restoit. Nous ne fusmes
pas plustost assez au large pour estre k la prise du vent que nous con-
nusmes bien qu*il n*y avoit pas moyen de sauver mon canot. Ainsy je
fus contraint de le laisser aller oil le vent Temportoit et de m*en re-
toumer k terre.
Get accident] nous mit extremement en peine, car j'avois beau-
coup de bagage. M' DoUier, qui alloit pour s establir, avoit ses deux
canots extremement chargez. Nous voilk done k consulter ce que nous
^ une pri^re. ' le lendemain, 26 de mars. ' Verreau notes that these words are in
his MS. copy, but erased. ♦ etions all^s. » il nous fallut.
• onze (Verreau) ; dix-sept (Margry). "^ k. • nos. • bien soin d'affermir.
^ ® [bien que le vent continuant toujours nous fdmes contraints de Tabandonner quelque
effort que nous pussions faire pour le ravoir. (M. Jolliet avoit laiss^ un canot et me
I'avoit donn^ en m'indiquant le lieu oil nous le trourerions, et nous avions envoy^ 3
hommes pour nous I'ameoer. ) La perte de mon canot] nous mit extremement, etc.
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WOLFE'S COVE, NEAR TURKEY POINT.
Bank about 150 feet high. Turkey Point seen faintly in the distance.
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LOSS OF CANOE AT TURKEY POINT. 57
However, we could not help longing for the season of navigation,
BO as to get to the Pottawattamies at an early date, and that I might be
able to return this year to Montreal, in order to send back to M. Dollier
the things he would require in his mission.]
On the 23rd of March, Passion Sunday, we all went to the lake
shore to make and plant a cross in memory of so long a sojourn of
Frenchmen as ours had been. We offered our prayers' there, and
[seeing that where we were was almost clear of ice] we resolved to set
out on the 26th March, the day after [Annunciation].
But as the river by which we had gone to the place of our winter-
ing [was not so exposed either to the wind or sun as the lake, it] was
still entirely frozen, [so that] it was necessary to portage all our bag-
gage and our canoes as far as the lake, where we embarked after living
in that place 5 months and 11^ days.
We made six or seven leagues that day, and were met by so heavy
a wind that we had to stop and wait two days, during which the wind
continued so strong that, catching my canoe which my' men had not
taken care to fasten securely, it carried it out so [far* before we per-
ceived it, that it was more than a good quarter of a league distant from
the shore. Two men got into another canoe to go and rescue it, and
actually reached it; but the violence of the wind came very near
drowning them. Unable to manage their own canoe because of mine,
which was playing at the sport of the wind and which they were unable
to hold, they were obliged to cut the line with which they had attached
it to their own, in order to save themselves. The wind was off land,
therefore it did not appear to me very strong, so I thought they were
letting the canoe go because they were not strong enough to bring it.
I embarked accordingly with two men in the canoe that remained to
us. We were no sooner far enough out to be caught by the wind than
we knew well there was no means of saving my canoe. So I was con-
strained to let it go where the wind was carrying it and to get myself
back to shore.
This accident] caused us a great deal of trouble, for I had
a large quantity of baggage. M. Dollier, who was going for the
purpose of establishing himself, had his two canoes very heavily
loaded. So there we were, consulting what we should do. At length
* a prayer. ' eleven (Verreau) ; Beventeen (Margry). * our.
* [that the wind stiU continuing, we were constrained to abandon it, in spite of any
efforts we could make to get it again. (M. Jolllet had left a canoe and had
r'ven it to me, indicating the spot where we should discover it, and we had sent
men to bring it to us.) The loss of our canoe] caused us a great deal, etc.
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58 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET QAUN^X.
f erioQS ; enfin, nous prismas resolution de tirer un homme de chckcon des
canots qui resfcoient, et de mettre moa bagage k leur place. Ainsi, de neuf
hommes qui restoient, nous allasmes cinq par terre et deux en chaqne
canot jusques k ce que nous eussions atteint celuy qu'on m'avoit donn^
Nous ne comptions que deux jours de marche pour y arriver;
[ainsi^ nous r^solusmes k en patir un, car le chemin par terre estoit fort
vilain k cause de quatre rivieres qu'il falloit passer et de quantite de
gros fossez que les eaux des neiges et des pluyes avoient creusez en
beaucoup d'endroits pour se venir jeter dans le lac, outre la difficult^
qu'il y a i toujours marcher dans ces bois, k cause des embarras que
causent les arbres qui tombent de temps en temps, soit de vieillesse, soit
qu'ils soient d^racinez par Timp^tuosite des vents; nous nous mismes
done en chemin et jugeasmes qu'il falloit aller couper les rivieres que
nous avions k passer bien avant dans les bois, parce que plus elles
s'enfoncent dans les bois et plus elles sont estroites, et mesme Ton
trouve pour Tordinaire des arbres qui, estant tombez de cost6 et d'autre,
forment des ponts sur lesquels on passe.]
Nous nous enfon9asmes [donc*^ environ quatre lieues dans les bois,
chargez de vivres, de munitions et de nos couverturea Nous passasmea
par ce moyen ais^ment la premiere riviere; mais quand ce fut k la
seconde, bien loin de s'arrester dans le bois, elle s'eslargissoit en forme
de marais et marchoit dans une grande rapidity. II n'y a pas de seuret^
k passer les rivieres de ce pays cy k g\i4, si on ne les connoist bien,
parce qu'il y a quantity de terres tremblantes dans lesquelles on enfonce
si avant qu*on ne pent pas s'en tirer. Celle-cy paroist fort profonde,
aussy elle Test en v^rit^. Quand nous fusmes arrivez sur son rivage,
nous tinsmes conseil de ce que nous ferions, et premi^rement nous
r^solusmes de monter encore quelque temps vers son emboucheure pour
la passer en cayeu.
Nous couchasmes cette nuit sur le bord de cette riviere, environ k
deux lieues de son embouchure, et ce fut en ce lieu que (nous enten-
dimes vers le levant des voix qui nous parurent d'hommes, qui s'entr'-
appellarent. Nous courumes au bord de la rivifere pour voir si ce n'estoit
point nos gens, qui nous cherchaient, et en mesme temps)"^ nous enten-
^ [mais oomme ily avait quatre rivieres k passer en allant par terre ce chemin fat pour
nous tr^s-dimcile. ]
* [4 lieues dans les bois pour passer la premiere riviere dans un endroit oil elle fiit prati-
cable. Nous ne p(!lmes passer la seconde qu'en (radeau?) ou nous nous mimes
tous cinq, quoique cette voiture soit fort p^rilleuse. II nous fallut un jour pour pre-
parer notre m^cuHnt bateau. C'est le jour od nous avons le plus souffert pendant tout
notre voyage. Car il neigea ^pouvantablement pendant 14 ou 15 heurea de temps
avec un nord extrSmement froid ; d^s que la neige edt cess^] nous nous embarquftmes
sur notre machine, etc.
• The words in parentheses are omitted by both Margry and Verreau. They are now
supplied from the original MS., except ** riviere," which is inserted by the present
editor, having evidently been omitted by mistake. The parentheses are, of course,
no part of the original.
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THE WALSINQHIM SWAMP. 59
^e decided to withdraw one man from each of the remaining canoes and
to put my baggage in their places. Thus, of nine men remaining, we
went five by land and two in each canoe until we should reach the one
that had been given me.
We reckoned on only two days' walking to reach it, [*so we made
up our minds to suffer hardship for one of them, for the land route was
very bad, because of four rivers that had to be crossed and a number of
great gulches that the water from the snows and rains had scooped out
in many places on its way to the lake — to say nothing of the difficulty
there always is in walking in these woods, because of the obstructions
caused by the trees that fall from time to time, either from age or being
uprooted by the impetuosity of the winds. We set out accordingly, and
decided it was necessary, in order to cross the rivers that we had to
pass, to go a good distance into the woods, because the farther the rivers
run into the woods the narrower they are, and, indeed, one usually finds
trees, which, having fallen in every direction, form bridges over which
one passes].
We plunged pthen about four leagues into the woods, loaded with
provisions, ammunition and our blankets. We passed the first river
easily by this method, but when we came to the second, far from stop-
ping in the woods, it widened in the form of a marsh and flowed with
great rapidity. There is no safety in crossing the rivers of this country
by fording unless one knows them well, because there are a great many
quicksands, in which one sinks so far that it is impossible to get out.
This river seems very deep, as in reality it is. When we reached its
bank we held a council as to what we should do, and in the first place
resolved to go on for some time longer towards its mouth, in order to
cross it on a raft.
We slept that night on the bank of this river, about two leagues
from its mouth, and it was at this place that (we heard towards
the east voices that seemed to us to be of men calling to each other.
We ran to the river bank to see if it was not our men looking
for us, and at the same time) we heard the same voices on the
^ [But as there were four rivers to pass in going by land, this road was very difficult for
us.].
* [Four leagues into the woods to cross the first river in a place where it was practicable.
We were unable to cross the second except in ... (a raft ?) on which all five of us
put ourselves, although this vehicle is very dangerous. It took us a day to prepare
our wretched boat. That was the day that we suffered most during our entire
journey. For it snowed frightfully for 14 or 16 hours with a very cold north wind.
The moment the snow oeas^] we embarked on our machine, etc.
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60 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALINEE.
dimes les meames voix du c6t6 du Sud. Nous toumons la teste de ce
cost^ I^, mais enfin nous fumes d^sabus6s, les entendant en mesme
temps vers le couehant, ce qui nous fit connoistre que c'estoit ce ph^
nomine qu'on appelle commun^ment la chasse artus. Je ne Tay jamais
entendu, ny aucun de ceux qui estoient de nostre compagnie, ce qui fut
cause que nous y f usmes trompez.
Le lendemain nous arrivasmes k Temboucheure de la riviere qxd
estoit fort profonde et rapide et bord^ des deux costez de grandes
prairies noy^es; nonobstant la difficult^ du passage, nous nous r^so-
lusmes k faire un cayeu pour nous passer tous cinq. Cette voiture est
fort p^rilleuse, car ce ne sont que des pieces de bois li^es ensemble avec
des harts. Nous fusmes un jour entier k preparer nostre meschant
bateau et k le mettre k Teau ; mais c'est le jour oti nous avons le plus
souffert pendant tout notre voyage; car il neigea espouvantablement
avec un Nord-Est extremement froid, en sorte qu'il tomba en 14 ou 15
heures de temps un grand pied de neige, et ce nonobstant d^ que la
neige eust cess6J nous nous embarquasmes sur nostre machine, Teau
jusques k mi-jambes, et allasmes aborder k une prairie de plus de 200
pas de large qu'il nous fallut passer, chargez comme nous estions, dans
la boue, dans Teau et dans la neige jusques k la ceinture.
Nous poursuivismes ensuite nostre route jusques au bord du grand
lac dont j'ay parl6 cy-devant ; et contre toute nostre attente nous le
trouvasmes encore tout charg^ de gla9ons, ce qui nous fit croire que nos
gens n'avoient pu se mettre dessus. Nous estions pour lors dans la
Semaine Sainte et fusmes bien aises de souffrir quelque chose en ce
temps pour nous conformer k nostre Seigneur ;^ mais nous avions peur
de ne pas^ nous r^unir k nostre monde avant les festes de Pasques qui
s'approchoient.
Cependant nous allasmes les attendre^ sur un sillon de sable qui
joint la presqu'isle du lac firi6* k la terre ferme, et qui s^pare le grand
lac firi^* du petit ; comme il falloit qu'ils fissent un portage par dessus
ce sillon, nous jugeasmes que nous ne les pourrions manquer. Nous
n'avions plus de vivres et nous nous estions retranchez, M. DoUier et
moy, d'une partie de nostre portion pour donner k nos gens[, afin qu'ils
eussent] plus de force pour aller k la chasse, et Dieu voulut qu'ils
tuassent un cerf qui nous fit bien de Thonneur, quoiqu'iP fust extreme-
ment maigre.
Nous allasmes nous cabaner proche de la beste,^ et le lendemain nos
gens nous trouvferent en ce lieu oti nous revismes' avec bien de la joye,
* N. 8. • pouvoir. • les allAmes attendre. * Erie.
» puisqu'il (Verreau in a foot-note suggests ** quoiqu*il.")
* (presqu'isle.) ^ous nous r^unlmes.
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BIG CREEK AND LONO POINT. 61
south side. We turned our heads in that direction, but at last were
undeceived, hearing them at the same time towards the west, which
gave us to understand that it was the phenomenon commonly called
the hunting of Arthv/r. I have never heard it, nor have any of those
who were of our company, which was the reason we were deceived by it.
Next day we arrived at the mouth of the river, which was very
deep and rapid, and bordered on both sides by large submerged meadows.
Notwithstanding the difficulty of the crossing, we resolved to make a
raft to take all five of us over. This conveyance is very dangerous, for
it is nothing but pieces of wood fastened together with ropea We
were an entire day preparing our wretched boat and putting it into the
water, but that is the day we suflFered most during our whole journey,
for it snowed frightfully, with an extremely cold north-easter, so that
there fell in 14 or 15 hours' time a good foot of snow. Notwithstanding
this, as soon as the snow had ceased,] we embarked on our machine with
the water up to mid-leg, and landed in a meadow more than 200 paces
wide, which we had to cross, loaded as we were, in mud, water and snow
up to the middle.
We pursued our way afterward as far as the shore of the great lake
of which I spoke before, and, contrary to all expectation, found it still
quite filled with floating ice, which made us think our people had not
been able to set out upon it. We were by this time in Holy Week, and
very glad to suffer something at ,that season in order to conform our-
selves to our Lord ; but we were afraid we should not succeed in
rejoining our party before the approaching festival of Easter.
Meanwhile we went and awaited them on a ridge of sand, which
joins the peninsula of lake Erie to the mainland, and separates the
great from the little lake Erie. As they must necessarily make a
portage over this ridge, we decided we could not miss them. We had
no provisions left, and M. Dollier and myself had deprived ourselves of
part of our share to give to our men, [so that they might have] more
strength to go hunting, and God willed that they should kill a stag,
which did us much honor, although^ it was very lean.
We went and camped near the animal,^ and next day our men
found us at this place, where we met again with much joy, and
^ BiDce. ' peninsula.
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62 LE VOTAQE DE MM. DOLLIER ET QALIN^E.
et nous r^lusmes de ne point partir de ce lieu que nous n'eussions fait
nos Pasques ensemble, ce que nous fismes avec bien de la consolation.
Le mardi apr^ Pasques nous partismes apres avoir entendu la
Sainte-messe, et nonobstant les glaces qui bordoient encore tout ce lac,
nous mismes nos canots k I'eau et marchasmes toujours cinq par terre
pendant deux jours jusques au lieu du canot Comme le froid* estoit
encore fort rude, les bestes estoient encore dans la profondeur des bois
et ne venoient point vers le bord du grand lac Ainsi* nous manquions
de viande et nous fumes cinq ou' six jours k ne manger qu'un peu de
bled dlnde cuit k Feau.
Nous arrivasmes enfin au lieu oti nos gens avoient mis le canot
dont estoit question et ne Ty trouvasmes plus, parceque les Iroquois
I'ayant rencontr^ Thyver en chassant Tavoient enlev4 Je vous laisse k
penser si nous fusmes embarrassez. Nous estions sans vivres, dans un
temps fort rude, en un lieu oil il n*y avoit pas moyen d*en recouvrer
pour lors et sans en pouvoir sortir, faute de canots. Nous ne pusmes
faire autre chose que de recommander I'affaire k Dieu, et nous preparer
k une grande misfere et k une grande souffrance. Nous envoyasmes
nostre monde k la cheisse pendant un jour, qui ne virent pas seulement
une beste. Nous ne pouvions encore lever des escorces pour faire un
canot, parceque le bois n'estoit pas en sfeve et n'y devoit pas entrer* d'un
mois et demy, et nous ne pouvions attendre ce temps Ik, faute de vivres.
Enfin nous estions dans cette perplexity, quand un de nos gens
qui alloit chercher du bois sec pour mettre au feu rencontra le canot
dont nous avions besoin, cach^ entre deux gros arbres. Les Sauvages
Tavoient plac6 de Tautre cost6 d'une riviere et Tavoient si bien cach^,
qu'il estoit impossible de le trouver k moins d'une gr&ce de Dieu toute
particulifere. Tout le monde fut en joye pour cette descouverte, et
quoyque nous fussions sans vivres, nous creumes d*estre en ^tat
d*atteindre bientost quelque bon lieu de chasse, et en effet, [au bout]
d'un jour de marche, nous nous trouvasmes en un endroit qui paroissoit
fort propre k mettre des bestes* et oil il y avoit force gibier, [et] nous*
nous y arrestasmes dans la pens^e que nous n'y mouixions pas de faim,
estant toujours un coup seurs de tuer du gibier assez pour vivoter
pendant que les autres iroient chercher quelque beste.
Nos gens allerent done k la chasse, et apr^ avoir manqu^ leur
coup sur une troupe de plus de 200 biches qu'ils rencontrferent, deschar-
gferent leur colore sur un pauvre loup qu'ils escorchferent et apportferent
k la cabane et qu'on estoit prfes de mettre k la chaudifere, quand un de
1 [la saison]. • aussi. • k (Margry ) ; ou ( Verreau). * [^tre].
» Verreau inserU (?). .• Nous.
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FROM LONG POINT TO RONDEAU. 63
resolved not to leave the place until we should receive the Easter sacra-
ment together, which we did with much consolation.
On Tuesday after Easter, we set out after hearing Holy Mass, and
notwithstanding the ice which still lined the entire lake, we launched
our canoes and proceeded, still five by land, for two days, to the place
of the canoe. As the cold^ was still very severe, the game was still in
the depth of the woods and did not come towards the shore of the great
lake. Thus we were short of meat, and were five or six days eating
nothing but a little Indian com cooked in water.
We arrived at last at the place where our people had placed the
canoe in question and we found it no longer there, because the Iroquois
having come upon it during the winter, while hunting, had carried it
off. I leave you to imagine whether we were embaxrassed. We were
without provisions, in a very severe season, at a place where there was
no means of obtaining any at the time, and without being able to get
away for lack of canoes. We could do nothing else than recommend
the matter to God and prepare for great misery and suffering. We
sent our people hunting for a day, and they did not see so much as one
animal We could not as yet strip bark to make a canoe, because the
wood was not in sap, and would not become so for a month and a half,
and we were unable to wait that time for want of provisions.
In short, we were in this perplexity when one of our men, going in
search of dry wood to put on the fire, came upon the canoe that we
wanted hidden between two large trees. The Indians had placed it on
the other side of a river and hidden it so well that it was impossible to
find it without a special providence of God. Everybody was delighted
over this discovery; and although we were without provisions, we
thought we were in a condition to reach some good hunting spot soon.
And in fact at the end of one day's travel we found ourselves in a place
that appeared very suitable to put animals in^ and where there was
plenty of game. We stopped there in the thought that we should not
die of hunger, there being always a certainty of killing game enough
to keep body and soul together, whilst the others were off looking for
some animal.
Our men went hunting accordingly, and after missing their aim at
a herd of more than two hundred does that they came upon, vented
their wrath on a poor wolf, which they skinned and brought to camp,
and which was just about to be put in the kettle, when one of our
^ season. ' Verreau inserts in brackets a note of interrogation (?).
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64 LB VOTAOE DE MM. DOLLIER BT GALIN£:E.
DOS gens qui estoient au guet nous dit qu'il apercevoit, de Tautre bord
d'un petit lac sur le bord duquel nous estions [cabanez], une troupe de
20 k^ 30 biches. Nous nous resjouismes k cette nouvelle, et aprfes avoir
concerts* comme on les pourroit avoir, on les entoura par derriere avec
tant de succez qu'on les obligea de se jeter k Teau. On les att^ignit
incontinent avec les canots, en sorte qu'il ne s'en fust pas ^happ^ une
seule si nous eussions voulu; mais nous choisismes celles qui nous
parurent les meilleures et en tuasmes dix, laissant aller le reste.
Nous nous chargeasmes en ce lieu de viande fraische et boucanfe,
et marchasmes jusques k une longue pointe que vous trouverez marquee
dans la carte du lac £ri^.* Nous y arrivasmes sur un beau sable du
cost^ du levant de cette pointe ; nous avions fait ce jour \k pres de vingt
lieues. Ainsi nous estions tons fort fatiguez, ce qui fut cause que nous
n'apportasmes point toutes nos hardes^ jusques sur la terre, mais les
laissasmes sur le sable et portasmes nos canots jusques sur la terre.
La nuit vint et on s'endormit si profond^ment qu'un grand vent
Nord-Est s'estant ^lev6 eut le temps d'agiter le lac avec tant de force
que Feau monta de six pieds oil nous estions, et emporta les hardes
du canot de M. DoUier qui estoient les plus proches de Teau et auroit
emporta toutes les autres,^ si un de nous ne se fust ^veill^ qui, estant
estonn^ d'entendre le lac qui mugissoit si furieusement, alia voir sur le
bord si les bagages estoient en seuret^, et voyant que Teau venoit dijk
jusques aux hardes c(ui estoient plac^es le plus haut, s'escria que tout
estoit perdu. A ce cri, on se leva et on sauva le bagage de mon canot
et d'un de ceux de M. DoUier. On alluma des escorces pour chercher
le long du fleuve ;* mais on ne put sauver' qu'un baril de poudre qui
flottoit, le reste fut emporta ; le plomb mesme fut emporta ou enfonc^
si avant dans le sable qu'on ne put jamais le trouver; mais le plus
fascheux fut que la chapelle enti^re fut perdue ; nous attendismes que
le vent fust calm^® et les eaux retirees pour aller chercher, le long de
Teau, si on ne trouveroit point quelque debris du naufrage, mais on ne
trouva qu'un mousqueton et un petit sac de hardes k un de nos hommes ;
le reste fut perdu sans ressources. Nos vivres mesmes furent tons
perdus, hormis ce qu'il y avoit dans mon canot.
Get accident nous mit hors d'estat d'estre assistez du secours des
sacrements et d'en pouvoir assister les autre& Ainsi nous* mismes en
deliberation savoir si nous devious nous arrester k quelque nation pour
y faire nostre mission ou si nous retoumerions au Montreal chercher
une autre chapelle et d'autres marchandises n^cessaires pour avoir des
* on. * consults. ' Erie. * hardes ( Verreau) ; herbes (Margry). • ndtres.
* de l*eau. ^ put rien sauver. " calme. * nous nous.
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DISASTER AT POINT PELEE. 65
men on the look-out told us that he perceived on the other side of a
little lake, on the shore of which we were [encamped], a herd of twenty
or thirty does. We rejoiced at this news, and after we had arranged a
plan for securing them, they were surrounded from behind so success-
fully that they were obliged to take to the water. They were immedi-
ately overtaken with the canoes, so that not a single one should have
escaped if we had desired ; but we selected those that appeared to us
the best, and killed ten, letting the rest go.
We loaded ourselves in this place with fresh and smoked meat, and
proceeded as far as a long point, which you will find marked on the
map of lake Erie. We landed there on a beautiful sand beach on the
east side of the point We had made that day nearly twenty leagues,
so we were all very much tired. That was the reason why we did not
carry all our packs up on the high ground, but left them on the sand
and carried our canoes up on the high ground.
Night came on, and we slept so soundly that a great north-east
wind rising had time to agitate the lake with so much violence that
the water rose six feet where we were, and carried away the packs of
M. DoUier's canoe that were nearest the water, and would have carried
away all the rest if one of us had not awoke. Astonished to hear the
lake roaring so furiously, he went to the beach to see if the baggage
was safe, and seeing that the water already came as far as the packs
that were placed the highest, cried out that all was lost. At this cry
we rose and rescued the baggage of my canoe and of one of M. DoUier's.
Pieces of bark were lighted to search along the river,* but all that could
be saved was a keg of powder that floated ; the rest was carried away.
Even the lead was carried away, or buried so deep in the sand that it
could never be found. But the worst of all was that the entire altar
service was lost. We waited for the wind to go down and the waters
to retire, in order to go and search along the water, whether some ddbria
of the wreck could not be found. But all that was found was a muske-
toon and a small bag of clothes belonging to one of our men ; the rest
was lost beyond recall. Even our provisions were all lost except what
was in my canoe.
This accident put it out of our power to have the aid of the
sacraments or to administer them to the rest. So we took counsel
together to know whether we ought to stop with some tribe to
carry on our mission there, or should return to Montreal for another
altar service, and other goods necessary to obtain provisions, with
^ water.
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66 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET OALINEE.
vivres pour retourner ensuite nous establir en quelque endroit ; et cet
avis nous sembla le meilleur ; et comme le chemin des Outaouacs nous
sembla presque aussi court du lieu oil nous estions comme par ou nous
estions venus, et que nous pr^tendions arriver k Sainte-Marie du Sault
oil les Outaouacs s'assemblent^ pour descendre de compagnie, avant
qu'ils fussent partis, nous creumes que -nous descendrions avec eux plus
facilement. Ajoutez encore k cela que nous estions [plus] aises de voir
un nouveau pays que de retourner sur nos pas.
Nous poursuivismes done notre route vers le C!ouchant, et apres
avoir fait environ 100 lieues sur le lac £ri^,' nous arrivasmes au lieu par
oil le lac des Hurons,* autrement dit la Mer douce des Hurons ou le
Michigane, se descharge dans ce lac. Cette descharge a bien une demi-
lieue de largeur et toume tout court au Nord-Est, de sorte que nous
retoumions presque sur nos paa Au bout de six lieues nous trouvasmes
un endroit fort remarquable et fort en v^n^ration k. tons les Sauvages
de ces contr^es k cause d'une idole de pierre que la nature y a fo^m6e^
k qui ils disent devoir le bonheur de leur navigation sur le lac d'firi^*
lorsqu'ils Tout pass6 sans accident, et qu'ils apaisent par des sacrifices,
des pr^sens de peaux, de vivres, etc., lorsqu'ils veulent s'y embarquer.
Ce lieu estoit plein de cabanages de ceux qui estoient venus rendre leur
hommage k cette pierre* qui n'avoit autre rapport avec la figure d*un
homme que celuy que Timagination luy vouloit bien donner. Cependant
elle estoit toute peinte, et on luy avoit form6 une esp^ce de visage avec
du Vermillion. Je vous laisse k penser si nous vengeasmes sur cette
idole, que les Iroquois nous avoient fort recommand^ d'honorer, la perte
de nostre chapelle. Nous luy attribuasmes mesme la disette ou nous
avions est^ de vivres jusques icy. Entin il n'y avoit personne dont
elle'' n'eust attir^ la haine. Je consacray une de mes baches pour casser
ce dieu de pierre, et puis ayant accosts nos canots ensemble, nous
portasmes les plus gros morceaux^ au milieu de la riviere et jetasmes
aussi tout* le reste k Teau, afin qu'on n'en en tendist jamais parler. Dieu
nous r^compensa aussi tost de cette bonne action; car nous tuasmes
dans cette mesme journ^e un chevreuil et^ [un ours].
Au bout de quatre lieues, nous entrasmes dans un petit lac qui
a environ dix lieues de long et presque autant de large, appel6 par
M' Samson le Lac des Eaux salves. Mais nous n'y avons veu aucune
marque de sel "de ce lac; nous entrasmes dans la descharge du lac
* s'assembloient (Verreau, who italicizes " Jfam du Sault") • [plutdt] que de. » Erie.
* Verreau italicizes **lac des Hurona" as well as **mer douce des Hurons" and also "lae
des eaux saUes" and ** Michigane" below. ' lac Erie. * leurs hommages k cette Idole.
'^ iL * le plus gros morceau. * aussitOt. * * [c€ jour] au bout, etc
^* Verreau begins the next paragraph ** De ce lac nous entr&mes."
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DETROIT RIVER AND LAKE ST. CLAIR. 67
a view to returning afterwards and establishing ourselves in some spot,
and this suggestion seemed to us the best. As the route to the Ottawas
seemed to us almost as short from the place where we were as the way
we had come, and as we purposed to reach Sainte-Marie of the Sault»
where the Ottawas assemble in order to descend in company, before
they should leave, we thought we should descend with them more easily-
Add to this, moreover, that we were [better] pleased to see a new
country^ than to turn back.
We pursued our journey accordingly toward the west, and after
making about 100 leagues on Lake Erie arrived at the place where the
Lake of the Hurons, otherwise called the Fresh Water Sea of the Hurons,
or Michigan, discharges into this Lake. This outlet is perhaps half a
league in width and turns sharp to the north-east, so that we were
almost retracing our path. At the end of six leagues we discovered a
place that is very remarkable, and held in great veneration by all the
Lidians of these countries, because of a stone idol that nature has formed
there. To it they say they owe their good luck in sailing on lake Erie,
when they cross it without accident, and they propitiate it by sacrifices,
presents of skins, provisions, etc., when they wish to embark on it.
The place was full of camps of those who had come to pay their homage
to this stone,^ which had no other resemblance to the figure of a man
than what the imagination was pleased to give it. However, it was all
painted, and a sort of face had been formed for it with vermilion. I
leave you to imagine whether we avenged upon this idol, which the
Lroquois had strongly recommended us to honor, the loss of our chapel.
We attributed to it even the dearth of provisions from which we had
hitherto sufiered. In short, there was nobody whose hatred it had not
incurred. I consecrated one of my axes to break this god of stone, and
then having yoked our canoes together we carried the largest pieces'^ to
the middle of the river, and threw all* the rest also into the water, in
order that it might never be heard of again. God rewarded us imme-
diately for this good action, for we killed a roe-buck [and a bear] that
very day.
^At the end of four leagues we entered a small lake, about ten
leagues in length and almost as many in width, called by M. Sanson The
Salt Water Lake, but we saw no sign of salt [in this lake].
^ country rather than. « idol. ' piece.
* threw the rest at once into. » [That day] at the end, etc.
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68 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E.
Michigane qui n'a pas un quart de lieue de largeur ; enfin au bout de 10
ou 12 lieues, nous entrasmes dans le plus grand lac de toute TAm^rique
qu*on appelle^ la Mer douce des Hurons ou, en Algonquin, Michigane.
II a 660 ou^ 700 lieues de tour; nous fismes dessus ce lac environ 200
lieues, et eusmes bien peur d y manquer de vivres k cause que les
bestes' de ce lac paroissent fort st^riles. Cependant Dieu ne voulut paa
que nous* manquassions k son service ; car nous n'avons jamais est6 plus
d'un jour sans vivres. II est vray qu'il nous est arriv^ plusieurs fois de
n'avoir plus rien et de passer un soir et nn matin sans avoir du tout
de quoy mettre k la chaudi^re ; mais je n'ay point veu qu'aucun se
soit descourag^ ou mis en peine* pour cela ; car nous avons* tellement
accoustum^ de voir que Dieu nous secouroit puissamment dans ces'
occasions, que nous attendions avec tranquillity les effets de sa bont^,
dans la pens^e que celuy qui nourrissoit tant de barbares dans ces bois
n'[y] abandonneroit pas ses serviteurs.
[Quoyque ce lac soit aussi grand que la mer Caspie et beaucoup
plus grand que le lac £ri6, les tempestes ne s'y ^l^vent pas ny si fortes
ny si longues, parcequ'il n*est pas extrdmement profond. Ainsi en
plusieurs endroits, apr^s que le vent a cess6, il ne faut pas plus de cinq
ou six heures, au lieu qu'il faudra quelquefois un ou deux jours pour
attendre que le lac firi6 soit calm^.]
Nous passasmes ce lac sans aucun p^ril et entrasmes dans le lac des
Hurons qui a communication avec celuy-cy par quatre bouches qui ont
chacune pr^s de deux lieues d'embouchure. Enfin, nous arrivasmes le
25 may, jour de la Pentecoste, k Sainte-Marie du Sault qui est le lieu oil
les R.P.® J^suites ont fait leur principal establissement pour les missions
des Outaouacs et des peuples voisins. Us ont eu depuis Tan pass^ deux
hommes k leur service, qui leur ont basty un fort joly fort, c'est-k-dire
un quarr6 de pieux de cadres de 12 pieds de haut avec une chapelle et
une maison au dedans de ce fort, en sorte qu'ils se voient k present en
estat de ne d^pendre des Sauvnges en aucune maniere. lis ont un fort
grand desert bien sem^ ou ils doivent recueillir une bonne partie de leur
nourriture ; ils espferent m^me y manger du pain® avant qu'il soit deux
ans d'icy. Avant d*y arriyer, nous fismes rencontre de trois canots de
Sauvages avec qui nous arrivasmes au fort des Pferes. Ces gens nous
avertirent de la cousturae qu'ils avoient de saluer ce fort, en y arrivant,
de plusieurs coups de fusil, ce que nous fismes aussi fort volontiers.
Nous f usmes receus en ce lieu avec toute la charity possible ; nous y
• Verreau inserts "ici." * 600 k. ' cdtes (?). ♦ Verreau inserta "en."
• pri^res (Verreau, who gives ** en peine" in the margin). « ^tions. ^ lea.
• R.R.P.P. • des pois (Verreau, who gives ** du pain " in a foot-note).
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!/4tcayut 7rux/irifu>tt^
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ASCENDING LAKE HURON TO THE SAULT. 69
^We entered the outlet of Lake Michigan, which is not a quarter of
a league in width. At length, after ten or twelve leagues, we entered
the largest lake in all America called^ the fresh water Sea of the
Hurons, or in Algonkin, " Michigan." It is 660^* or 700 leagues in cir-
cumference. We travelled about 200 leagues on this lake, and were
really afraid of being in want of provisions because* the animals of this
lake appear very unprolific However, God did not will that we should
lack in His service ; for we were never more than a day without food.
It is true that we happened several times to have nothing left, and to
pass an evening and a morning without having anything whatever to
put in the kettle ; but I did not see that anyone became discouraged or
troubled® on that account. For we were so accustomed to see God aiding
us mightily on these occasions, that we awaited with tranquillity the
effects of His bounty, in the thought that He who nourished so many
barbarians in these woods would not abandon His servants.
[Although this lake is as large as the Caspian sea, and much larger
than Lake Erie, storms do not arise in it either so violent or so long,
because it is not very deep. Thus in many places, after the wind has
gone down, it does not require more than five or six hours, whilst it will
be necessary sometimes to wait one or two days until Lake Erie is
calmed down.]
We crossed this lake without any danger and entered the Lake of the
Hurons, which communicates with it by four mouths, each of them nearly
two leagues in width. At last we arrived on the 25th May, the Day of
Pentecost, at Sainte-Marie of the Sault, the place where the Reverend
Jesuit Fathers have made their principal establishment for the Missions
of the Ottawas and neighboring tribes. They have had two men in
their service since last year, who have built them a pretty fort, that is
to say, a square of cedar posts twelve feet high, with a chapel and house
inside the fort so that now they see themselves in the condition of not
being dependent in any way on. the Indians. They have a large clearing
well planted, from which they ought to gather a good part of their sus-
tenance ; they are even hoping to eat bread® there within two years
from now. Before arriving here, we fell in with three canoes of Indians,
with whom we arrived at the fort of the Fathers. These men informed
us of the custom they had when they reached the fort, of saluting it
with several gunshots, which we also did very gladly.
We were received at this place with all possible charity. We
* From this lake we entered, etc. ' called here. • 600.
* because the coasts (?) of this lake appear very barren.
* or put to prayers on that account. * to eat peas.
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70 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E.
assistasmes k une partie des vespres le jour de la Pentecoste, et lea deux
jours suivans, nous fismes nos devotions avec d'autant plus de joye qu'il
y avoit pr^s d'un mois efc demi que nous n'avions pu avoir ce bien.
Le fruit que font icy ces^ Pferes est plus pour les Fran9ois, qui y
sont souvent au nombre de 20 ou 25, que pour les Sauvages ; car quoy
qu*il y [en] ait quelques-uns de baptisez, il n'y en a pourtant pas d'assez
bon^ Catholique pour pouvoir assister k Toffice divin qui s'y fait pour
les Fran9ois qui chantent la grande messe et vespres, les festes et
dimanches. Les Pferes ont sur ce sujet une pratique qui me semble
assez extraordinaire, qui est qu'ils baptisent les adultes hors du p^ril
de mort, lorsqu'ils ont tesmoign^ quelque bonne volont6 pour le Chria-
tianisme avant qu'ils soient capables ny de se confesser, ny d'assister k
la Sainte-Messe ou [d*]accomplir les autres commandemens de I'figlise,
en sorte qxx'k la Pointe du Saint- Esprit, qui est un lieu au fond du lac
Sup^rieur oil les restes des Hurons se sont retirez aprfes I'incendie de
leurs villages, le Pfere qui passa I'hyver avec eux m'a dit que, quoy
qu*il y en oust une grande partie qui avoient est^ baptisez lorsque les
Peres avoient est^ aux Hurons, il n'avoit pourtant jamais os^ dire la
messe devant eux, parceque ces gens regardent cette action comme une
jonglerie ou sorcellerie.
Je ne vis point de marque particuli^re du Christianisme parmi
ces' Sauvages de ce lieu ny dans aucun autre pays des Outaouacs, qu'une
femme de la nation des Amikoues qui avoit est^ instruite autrefois dans
les habitations Fran9oises, qui estant, k ce qu'elle pensoit,* en danger de
mort, pria M. DoUier d'avoir piti6 d'elle. II la* fit ressouvenir de ses
anciennes instructions et de Fobligation ou elle estoit de se confesser, si
elle avoit offens^ Dieu depuis sa demifere confession, dont il y avoit fort
longtemps, et la confessa avec de grands tesmoignages de joye de part
et d'autre.
Quand nous f usmes chez les Pferes, nous estions encore k plus de
300 lieues de* Montreal oh. nous voulions pourtant nous rendre bientost,
afin de pouvoir retoumer de bonne heure dans quelques-unes' des
nations des Outaouacs et y hivemer, et le printemps ensuivant® aller
chercher la riviere d*Ohio et les peuples qui y sont establis pour y
porter I'fivangile.
Nous apprismes qu'il estoit party depuis deux jours une troupe de
30 canots Outjtouacs pour le Montreal, et qu'il y en avoit encore une
autre de Kilistinons* qui devoit bientost s'y en aller. Comme nous
n'estions point certains en quel temps ces demiers devoient venir et que
* les (Verreau has these two lines, from ** fruit'* to ** Sauvages " in italics, as well as the
words **y ait." ' un aui soit assez bon, etc. (Verreau also italicizes the words
**6<m" to "divtn." 'les. * paraissoit. » elle, et la. « du.
^ quelqu'une. * suivant. * irn autre de Kilistinoua.
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THE JESUITS' MISSION AT THE SAULT. 71
were present at a portion of vespers on the day of Pentecost, and the
two following days. We received the communion with so much the
more joy, inasmuch as for nearly a month and a half we had not been
able to enjoy this blessing.
The fruit these Fathers are producing here is more for the French,
who are here often to the number of 20 or 25, than for the Indians ;
for although there are some who have been baptized, there are none
yet that are good enough Catholics to be able to attend divine ser-
vice, which is held for the French, who sing high mass and vespers
on saints' days and Sundays. The Fathers have, in this connection, a
practice which seems to me rather extraordinary, which is, that they
baptize adults not in danger of death, when they have manifested any
good-will toward Christianity, before they are capable either of con-
fessing or of attending Holy Mass, or keeping the other commandments
of the Church ; so that at Pointe du Saint-Esprit, a place at the head of
Lake Superior, where the remnant of the Hurons retired after the
burning of their villages, the Father who passed the winter with them
told me that although there was a large portion of them who had been
baptized when the Fathers had been amongst the Hurons, he had never
yet ventured to say Mass before them, because these people regard this
service as jugglery or witchcraft.
I saw no particular sign of Christianity amongst the Indians of
this place, nor in any other country of the Ottawas, except one woman
of the nation of the Amikoues, who had been instructed formerly at the
French settlements, and who, being as she thought' in danger of death,
begged M. DoUier to have pity on her. He reminded her of her old
instructions and the obligation she was under of confessing herself, if
she had offended God since her last confession, a very long time before,
and he confessed her with great testimonies of joy on both sides.
When we were with the Fathers we were still more than 300
leagues from Montreal, to which, however, we wished to proceed at
once, in order to be able to return at an early day to some of the
Ottawa tribes and winter there, and in the following spring to go in
search of the river Ohio and the races settled there, in order to carry
the Gospel to them.
We learned that two days previously a fleet of 30 Ottawa canoes
had set out for Montreal, and that there was still another of Eilistinons
which was to leave shortly. As we were not certain at what time the
latter were to come, and knew, besides, the trouble there is in being
^ appeared.
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72 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER ET GALIN^E.
d'ailleurs nous 89avions la peine qu'il y a d'estre obligez de suivre des
Sauvages, nous jugeeusmes plus k propos de chercher un guide pour nous
conduire jusques au Montreal, parceque les chemins y sont plus difficiles
et plus fascheux qu'on ne pent se Timaginer ; nous fismes si bien que
nous en trouvasmes un moyennant 25 ou 30 escus de hardes qu'il fallut
bien^ promettre, de sorte que nous prismes cong^ des P^res d'Abon et
Marquette qui estoient pour lors en ce lieu, et ce le 28 may,'
Jusques icy les Outaouacs avoient pass^ dans mon esprit et dans
tons ceux du Canada pour un lieu ou il y avoit extremement' k soufiiir
pour les vivres, mais je suis si bien persuade du contraire, que je ne
89ache point d'endroit dans tout le Canada o^ on en puisse moins
manquer. La nation des Saulteux, ou en Algonquin Ouaoiiitikoungka
Entaouakk ou des Outchipou^s,* oi les P^res sont establis, demeure
depuis la fonte des neiges^ jusques au commencement de Thyver sur le
bord d'une rivifere de prfes d*une demi-lieu de largeur et trois lieues de
longueur par oi le lac Sup^rieur tombe dans le lac des Hurons. Cette
riviere forme dans ce lieu un sault si fertile en poisson qu'on appelle
blanc, ou en Algonquin Attikamegue, que les Sauvages y en prendroient
facilement de quoy nourrir 10,000 hommes. II est vray que cette pesche
est si diflBcile qu'il n'y a que les Sauvages qui la puissent faire. Aucun
Fran9ois n'en a pu jusques icy venir k bout, ny aucun autre Sauvage
que ceux de cette nation, qui ^ont accoustumez k cette pesche d^ leur
bas &ge ; mais enfin ce poisson est k si bon march^ qu'ils en donnent
dix ou douze pour quatre doigts de tabac; chacun pese six ou sept
livres, mais il est [si] gros® et si d^licat que je ne S9ache point de poisson
qui en approche. L*esturgeon se prend dans cette [petite] riviere, tout
proche, k confusion. La viande y est k si bon march^ que, pour une
livre de rassade, j'y eus quatre minots de boyaux j^ras d'eslan, qui est le
meilleur morceau de la beste, ce qui marque combien ces gens en tuent.
C est en ces lieux qu'on a une robe de castor pour une brasse de tabac,
tantost pour un quarteron de poudre, tantost pour six couteaux, tantost
pour une brasse de petite rassade bleue, etc. C'est pour cela que les
Fran9ois y vont, nonobstant des difficultez, espouvantables qui s'y
rencontrent.
II faut monter, en y allant du Montreal, une rivifere oil il faut
faire trente portages pour eviter autant de cheutes ou de rapides, dans
lesquels on se mettroit au hazard de perdre mille vies si on y vouloit
passer. De cette riviere, qui est aussi grande que le fleuve de Saint-
Laurent, on passe, moiti^ par terre, moiti^ par eau, Tespace de vingt-
cinq ou trente lieues pour aller trouver le lac des Nepissiriniens,' d'ou
* lui. • ce\k le 28 may. ' certainement. * Paouiti-Koung Ivaentaouak ou
dee Outchipou6. (The spelling in the text is that of the MS., differing slightly from
Marffry's. ) * glaces. * eras. ^ Missionnairea.
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WHITE FISH AND MOOSE MEAT. 73
obliged to follow Indians, we judged it more convenient to look out for
a guide to conduct us to Montreal, because the routes are more difficult
and toilsome than can be imagined. We succeeded in finding one at an
expense of 25 or 30 crowns' worth of goods, which we simply had to
promise, so we took leave of Fathers d'Ablon and Marquette, who were
then at this place, it being the 28th of May.
Hitherto the country of the Ottawas had passed in my mind, and
in the minds of all those in Canada, as a place where there was a great
deal of suffering for want of food. But I am so well persuaded of the
contrary that I know of no region in all Canada where they are less in
want of it. The nation of the Saulteaux, or in Algonkin Waouitikoungka
Elntaouakk or Ojibways, amongst whom the Fathers are established, live
from the melting of the snows until the beginning of winter on the
bank of a river nearly half a league wide and three leagues long, by
which lake Superior falls into the lake of the Hurons. This river
forms at this place a rapid so teeming with fish, called white fish, or in
Algonkin Attikamegue, that the Indians could easily catch enough to
feed 10,000 men. It is true the fishing is so difficult that only Indians
can carry it on. No Frenchman has hitherto been able to succeed in it,
nor any other Indian than those of this tribe, who are used to this kind
of fishing from an early age. But, in short, this fish is so cheap that
they give ten or twelve of them for four fingers of tobacco. Each
weighs six or seven pounds, but it is so big' and so delicate that I know
of no fish that approaches it. Sturgeon is caught in this [small] river,
close by, in abundance. Meat is so cheap here that for a pound of
glass beads I had four minots of fat entrails of moose, which is the best
morsel of the animal. This shows how many these people kill. It is
at these places that one gets a beaver robe for a fathom of tobacco,
sometimes for a quarter of a pound of powder, sometimes for six knives,
sometimes for a fathom of small blue beads, etc. This is the reason why
the French go there, notwithstanding the frightful difficulties that are
encountered.
In going there from Montreal it is necessary to ascend a river in
which thirty portages must be made in order to avoid a like number of
falls or rapids, in which, if one ran them, he would incur the danger of
losing a thousand livea From this river, which is as large as the river
St. Lawrence, one passes, half by land and half by water, the space of
twenty-five or thirty leagues, to get to the lake of the Nipissings,^ from
^ fat. * missionaries.
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74 LE VOYAGE DE MM. DOLLIER £T GALIN^E.
on descend par la riviere des Fran9oi8, oil il y a encore quatre ou cinq
cheutes d'eau, dans le lac des Hurons.
La plus grande difficult^ est k descendre ; car qui ne s^auroit pas
pr^cis^ment oil sont les desbarquemens pour faire les portages courroit
risque de s'enfoumer dans ce sault^ et d'y p^rir, outre^ la difficult^ des
portages, qui sont le plus souvent parmi des pierres et des sabliers.' On
risque souvent [dans] les passages les moins difficiles, dans lesquels, si
celuy qui gouverne le canot ou celuy du devant manquoit quelquefois
de Tespaisseur d'un escu blanc k faire passer entre des roches* et des
bouillons qui se trouvent dans ces passages, on s y briseroit [ou] on se
rempliroit d'eau, et on se verroit abysmer dans des lieux qui paroissent
effroyables. Cecy n'est que trop commun, et un irhre J^suite, qui
descendit apr^s nous, brisa son canot dans un de ces passages; et on
voit peu de canots de Sauvages qui ayent fait le voyage de® Montreal
qui n'ayent de belles pieces. Dieu nous a si sp^cialement prot^gez qu'il
ne nous est arriv^ aucun mal, quoyque de quarante-cinq ou cinquante
portages^ qu'on fait en montant, nous en ayons espargne dix-sept ou
dix-huit en descendant. Aussi avions-nous un fort bon guide et des
gens qui n estoient pas novices dans ces passages.
Nous arrivasmes enfin au Montreal le 18 juin, apr^ vingt-deux
jours d'une marche la plus fatigante que j'aye [jamais] faite de ma vie ;
aussi je fus assailly, sur la fin du' voyage, d*une fievre tierce qui mod^ra
un peu la joye que j'aurois eue, en arrivant au Montr^, de me voir
eniin revenu au milieu de nos chers f r^res, si j'eusse est^ en pleine sant^.
Nous fusmes receus de tout le monde, et particuli^rement de'M. Fabb^
de Queylus, avec des demonstrations d*une bont6 particuliere ; et on
nous regarda plus tost comme des personnes ressuscit^ que comme des
hommes communs.
Tout le monde a souhait^ que je fisse la carte de nostre voyage, ce
que j'ay fait avec assez d'exactitude ; cependant j*y reconnus® encore
d'assez grandes fautes, que je corrigeray lorsque j'en auray le loisir; je
vous Tenvoye telle qu'elle est et vous prie d'avoir la bont^ de Tagr^er,
parce que je I'ay faite pr^sentement® pour vous. Je n'y ay marqu^ que
ce que j'ay veu. Ainsi, vous ne trouverez qu'un cost^ de chaque lac,
puisque"* leur largeur est si grande qu'on ne pent voir Tautra Je
Tay faite ^ en carte marine, cest-it-dire que les m^ridiens" ne s'y
r^tr^clssent^' point auprfes des pOles, parce que j*ay plus d'usage de ces
cartes que des g^graphiques, et, au reste, celles-lit sont commun^ment
plus exactes que les autre&
* s'enfonoer dana le sault. • Verreau inserts ** que pour." • du sable.
* d'un doigt (?) k faire passer entre des rochers, etc. • du.
' de quarante k quarante-oinq portages. ^ de notre. * reconnois.
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BETURN TO MONTREAL BY OTTAWA ROUTE. 75
ijv^hich one descends by French river, where there are four or five more
waterfalls, to the lake of the Hurons.
The greatest difficulty is in descending ; for if one does not know
exactly where the landings are, to make the portages, he runs the risk
of being swallowed up in the falls and perishing, to say nothing of
the difficulty of the portages, which are generally amongst stones and
gravel. One often ventures into the less difficult channels, in which if
the man who steers the canoe or the man in front were to fail some-
times by the thickness of a silver crown ^ to pass between rocks and
whirlpools that are found in these channels, the canoe would get wrecked
or fill with water, and one would see himself swallowed up in places
that look horrible. This is only too common, and a Jesuit brother who
descended after us, wrecked his canoe in one of these channels; and
few canoes are seen belonging to Indians who have made the Montreal
trip which are not well patched. God protected us so especially that
no harm happened to us, although of forty-five or fifty portages that
are made going up, we saved seventeen or eighteen coming down.
However, we had a very good guide and men who were not novices in
these channels.
We arrived at last at Montreal on the 18th of June, after twenty-
two days of the most fatiguing travelling that I have [ever] done in my
life. Moreover, I was attacked towards the end of the' journey with a.
tertian fever, which somewhat moderated the joy I should have had in
arriving at Montreal, on seeing myself at last back in the midst of
our dear brethren, if I had been in full health. We were received by
everybody, and especially by the Abb^ de Queylus, with demonstrations
of particular kindness. We were looked upon rather as persons risen
from the dead than as common men.
Everybody desired me to make the map of our journey, which I
have done accurately enough ; however, I recognize rather serious faults
in it still, which I will correct when I have time. I send it to you such
as it is, and beg you to have the goodness to accept it, because I have
made it just now for you.* I have marked in it nothing but what I
saw. Thus you will find only one side of each lake, since their width
is so great that one cannot see the other. I have made it as a marine
chart, that is to say, the meridians do not converge near the poles,
because I am more familiar with these maps than with the geographical
ones, and, moreover, the former are commonly more exact than the
others.
^ of a finger. ' forty to forty-five. • our. * just for you.
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IL
(PROCi:S-rBRBAL.)
ACTE DE PRISE DE POSSESSION DES TERRES DU
LAC fiRlfi (OCTOBRE 1669).
Nous [icy] soubsignez, certifions avoir veu aflScher sur lea terres du
lac nomrn^ [d']£ri6 les armes du Roy de France [au pied d'une cioixj
avec cette inscription: ''L'an de salut 1669, Clement IX. estant assis
dans^ la chaire de saint Pierre, Louis XIV. regnant en France, Monsieur
de CourceDes estant gouvemeur de la Nouvelle France et Monsieur
Talon y estant intendant pour le Roy, sont arrivez en ce lieu deux
missionnaires [du S^minaire] de Montreal, accompagnez de sept autres
Fran9ois, qui les premiers de touts les peuples Europeans ont hyvem^
en ce lac, dont ils ont pris possession au nom de leur Roy, comme d'une
terre non occup^e, par apposition' de ses armes, qu'ils [y] ont attachdes
au pied de cette croix." En foy de quoy nous avons sign^ le pr^nt
certificat.
SigrU: Fran?ois Dollier, prestre du dioc^e de Nantes,
en Bretagne;
De Qauni^e, diacre du] dioc^ de Rennes, en
Bretagne.
^ BUT. * dont, oomme d*ime terre non ooonp^ ils ont pris possession au nom
de leur Roy, par Tapposition, etc.
76
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11.
ACT OF TAKING POSSESSION OF THE LANDS OF
LAKE ERIE (OCTOBER, 1669).
We, the undersigned, certify that we have seen, on the lands of the
lake named Erie, the arms of the King of France attached [to the foot
of a cross,] with this inscription : ** The year of salvation 1669, Clement
IX. being seated in the chair of St. Peter, Louis XIV. reigning in
France, Monsieur de Courcelles being Governor of New France, and
Monsieur Talon being intendant therein for the King, there arrived
in this place two missionaries, [of the Seminary] of Montreal, accom-
panied by seven other Frenchmen, who the first of all European people
have wintered on this lake, of which they have taken possession in
the name of their King, as of an unoccupied territory, by affixing his
arms which they have attached here to the foot of this cross." In
testimony whereof we have signed the present certificate.
(Signed) F&ANgois Dollier, Priest of the Diocese pf Nantes,
in Brittany.
De Galini^e, Deacon of the Diocese of Rennes, in
Brittany,
77
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IIL
LA CARTK*
TiTRES:
Carte du Canada et des terres d^couvertes vers le lac d'eri^.
Voir la lettre de M. Talon du 10 9^" 1670.*
Carte du Lac Ontario et des habitations qui TEnvironne Ensemble
le pays que Mess" DoUier et Galin^e, missionnaires du Seminaire de
St. Sulpice, ont parcouru.'
POINTES DU COMPAS :
Midi.
Orient. Occident.
Septentrion.
L^GENDES DE LA CARTE :^
1. Habitation de Montreal.^ 2. Lac St. Louis.
3. La Madelaine. Habitation des R R P. P. J6suites.
4. Portage.^
5. PPPPP.* II faut faire 5 portages du cost^ du Nord pour monter
au lac St. Fran9ois, mais du cost6 du Sud on n*en fait qu'un.'
6. Lac St. Fran<jois.^ 7. bonnes terres.
^ La Cabte. — Only one title is given by Faillon and Gravier — apparently a combi-
nation of those in the Margry, Morin and Parkman texts. Faillon's is : Cabte | Du Pats
Que mm. Dollieb De Cmsson Et De GALiNtB, Missionnaibes De St. Sulpigb I Ont
Pabcouru I Dres«4e par le mSme M^- de OaiirUe \ {Voir la lettre de M^- Talon du 10
Novembre 1670.) '* Map of the country Messrs. Dollier de Oasson and de Galin^
missionaries of St. Sidpice, have explored. Prepared by the same Mr. de Galin^. (See
Mr. Talon's letter of the 10th November, 1670).'* Graviers is : Cabte Du Lao Ontabio |
et des habitations qui Venvironnent [ Ensemble le pays que MM. DoUier et Chdin^
missionnaires du \ S4minaire St. Sulptce ont parcouru \ 1670 \ Voir la lettre de M. Talon
du 10 Novembre 1670. The Parliamentary Library copy gives the title as in Gravier, but
has Dolier instead of Dollier. Morin certified the Parliamentary Library copy thus: ** VraAe
Copie {Fac-simil4) de V original d4pos4 aux Archives rfe« Cartes et Plans de la Marine
Imp&riale. Faitt d Paris en May I864. Signd P. L. Morin, Quebec, 1^ Juin, 1880.**
(See also Gravier. Carte des Grands Lacs, Kouen 1895.) The Faillon, Parliamentary
Library and Gravier copies are clearly not facsimiles of the original, but apparently
replicas of a copy by some draughtsman who exercised his judgment as to what might
be explained, omitted, combined, abbreviated, modernized or otherwise altered in the
legenas. The differences between the Faillon, Parliamentary Library and Gravier copies
are evidently the result of carelessness in copying the one from the other, or both from a
prior copy.
* This is apparently the original title. The omission of the ecclesiastics' names would
be in accordance with the rule of the Sulpitians to keep themselves as far from publid^
as possible. The letter is given in Margry's ** D^couvertes et ^tablissements,** Vol. I.
78
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IIL
THE MAP.
The Titles:
Map of Canada and the lands discovered towards lake Erie.
See M. Talon's letter of 10th November, 1670.
Map of Lake Ontario and the habitations around it, tof^fether with
the country Messrs. DoUier and Oalin^, missionaries of St. Sulpice,
have explored.
Orientation :
South.
East West.
North.
Legends of the Map:
1. Habitation of Montreal. 2. Lake St. Louis.
3. La Madelaine. Habitation of the Reverend Jesuit Fathers. {La
Prairie,)
4. Portage.
5. (E^h P stands for a portage.) 5 portages must be made on the
North side to go up to lake St. Francis, but on the South side
only one.
6. Lake St. Francis. 7. good landa
Talon says, on page 88 : ''I return to the new disooveries, and say that already Messrs.
Dollier and Oalin^e, priests of St. Sulpice, missionaries at Montreal, have passed through
Lake Ontario and visited unknown tribes. The map, which I have attached hereto,
marked 0, will explain their route and how far they have penetrated. " See also Broad-
head, " Documents, etc.,'* Vol. IX., page 66.
' In both the narrative and the map Galin^ is careful to state that he marked only
what he had seen. The information as to the north shore of Lake Ontario, which was
not seen by him, was no doubt derived from F^nelon, who spent the winter of 1669-70
at Ganatsekiagouns, or from Trouv^, who followed the north shore in November, 1669, to
Tinawatawa or Tanawawa. This title may have been added after receipt of this informa-
tion and the consequent supplementing of the map. Talon writes Colbert, 29th August,
1670, that the map was then in F^ndon's hands. See No. 23, Map-legend, page 8.3, also
pw'e 75 ; Margry, ** D^couvertes et Etablissements," VoL I., pace 80 ; Dollier de Casson,
** Sistoire du Montreal,'* page 215 ; Verreau, ** Les deux Abb^s de F^nelon,** L^vis, 1898,
pages 25, 26.
*■ The legends are, unless otherwise stated, those of General Clark's tracing of the
Parkman map. Differences between it and the Parkman, Margry, Morin, Parliamentary
Library, Gravier and Faillon copies are indicated. In the English text a few identifications
of places are given in brackets. The explanatory notes will appear in part 2 of this book.
* Omitted in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies.
* Morin leaves out one ** P." Parliamentary Library and Faillon copies omit altogether.
^ Omitted in Parliamentary Library and Gravier copies.
79
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80 lixSENDES DE LA CABTE.
8. terres noy^es.* belle terre.' Depuis icy jusques k Otondiata il y
a de fortes rapides k toutes les pointes, et des remouils dans
toutes les ances.'
9. Otondiata.* 10. Islets de roches.'
11. pesche d'anguille tout au travers de la riviere.'
12. Kaweniounioon.' 13. Eahengwetta.^
14. abondance de gibier dans cette riviere.'
15. quoyqu'il ne paroisse icy que des sables sur le bord du lac, ces
terres ne laissent pas d'etre bonnes dans la profondeur.^
R. d'Onontaeh4 R. des Flamandes et d'Oneiout." R des
Oiogouins."
16. II y a de Talum au pied de cette montagne. fontaine de bitume.
Ekcellente terre."
17. 4 villages des Sonountouans — les des grands sont chacun de 100
cabannes et les autres d'environ 20 k 25, sans aucune fortifica-
tion, non pas mesme naturelle — il faut mesme qu'ila aillent
chercher Teau fort loing."
18. Ekcellente terre.* Village du R. P. fremin.^ Gaskounchiagons.'
Sault oil il y a grande pesche de barbues.^'
19. n y a le long de ces ances quantity de petits lacs s^parte
seulement du grand par grandes chauss^es de sable. C'est
dans ces lacs que les Sonountouans prennent quantity de
poisson.'
20. Sault qui tombe au rapport des Sauvages de plus de 200 pieds
de haut."
21. Bonne terre. 22. Village de tanawawa.^
^ Omitted in Margry, Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Oravier copies. Morin has
excellerUes terres (No. 18).
« Belles terres in Faillon and Gravier copies.
' Omitted in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies.
♦ Omitted in Gravier copy.
^ Ilots de roche in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies.
® Katoemounioun in Parkman copy. Kawemoumoum in Faillon, Parliamentary Library
and Gravier copies ; in capitals in the first. But there is no m in Iroquois. Hence the
reading m has been preferred.
^ SoHENGUETTA in Gravier copy. Kohenguetta in Parliamentary Library copy.
^ The Margry copy omits icy. The Faillon copy has simply : Sables sur fe bord du
LaCy bonnes terres dans la pro/ondeur. The Gravier and Parliamentary copies omit this
legend.
» Biv. D^ffonnontane in Faillon, Parliamentary Library and Gravier copies ; in capitals
in the first.
^ ^ Margry copy has R, (Tonneiout ou des Flamands^ River of Oneida or the Flemings.
Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies have Riv. d'Chmeioui ou des FlamaiMs,
The Parkman and Morin copies read : R. des Amandes et d'Oneiout,
* 1 Margry has /?. Voioguen, but he may have meant d'oioguen. Gravier and Parlia-
mentary Library copies have Riv, SOiogoune; Faillon, Riv, d^Oiogoun; Morin, R. des
oiogouins.
1* Morin, Parkman, Parliamentary Library and Gitevier copies have alun, and Gravier
^ " Li Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies : ExceUentes terres.
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LEGENDS OF THE MAP. 81
8. drowned lands (i.e,, marshes). Fine land. From here to Otondiata
there are strong rapids at every point (of land), and eddies in
every bay.
9. Otondiata. (Orenadier Island.) 10. Islets of rocka
11. eel-fishing all across the river.
12. Eaweniounioun. 13. Eahengwetta.
14. abundance of game in this river.
15. although there is apparently nothing but sand on the lake shore,
these lands are invariably good in the interior (literally, in the
depth, that is, back from the shore). The Faillon map has
simply, Sand on the lake shore; good land inland. River
Ontontaehd (Oswego). River of the Flemings (or, of the Flemish
women) and of Oneida. River of the Cayugas.
16. There is alum at the foot of this hill. Bitumen spring. (Bristol
Centre.) Excellent land.
17. 4 villages of the Senecas — the two large ones are of 100 cabins
each, and the others of about 20 to 25, without any fortifica-
tion, not even a natural one — they are obliged even to go a
long distance for water.
18. Excellent land. Village of Rev. Father Fremin. Gaskounchiakons.
(Genesee Falls.) Falls where there are a great many catfisL
19. There are along these bays numerous small lakes separated from
the large one only by great dykes of sand. In these lakes the
Senecas catch a great deal of fish.
20. Sault (cataract) which falls, according to the report of the Indians,
from a height of more than 200 feet. (Niagara Falls.)
21. Good land. 22. Village of Tanawawa. (Near Westover, Ont.)
* * Oniitted in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies. Margry has : 4 vil-
lages des Sonnontouana lea S grands chacun de cent cabannes les deux atUres d'environ £0 dSS
cahannes sans fortification^ etc. Morin has : 4 villages de Sonountouans les deux grands
sont chaciu^un de 100 caJbanes et les autres (T environ ^0 ou 25 sans fortification^ etc.
* • Pvrmin in Faillon, Parliamentary Library and Gravier copies.
*« Omitted in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies. Li Margry copy:
Saidt oil U y a quantiti de barhues. The inlet just preceding the word Sault should have
been left open to indicate a river. By a mistake in printing it appears closed.
* ^ The Gravier and Faillon copies have (Niagara) before these words, and omit the last
two words. They have also a legend running along the east side of the river as follows :
Ce courant est si fort qu^d peine on pent le monter (in Faillon, le remonter)^ "This current
is so strong that one can hardly ascend it.'' The Margry copy gives the legend as in the
text, omits the Faillon and Gravier legend, and contains another, above No. 20, written
across the part between the Niagara and Lake Erie : C*€st id la ddcJiarge du lac Eri4
dans le lac Ontario qui pent avoir 13 ou I4 arpents de largeur, et une prodigieuse profondeur,
Le courant est si grand, qu'd peine on pent le refoiUer les cotes ne sont que grands rocTiers,
" This is the outlet of lake Erie into Lake Ontario, which may be 13 or 14 arpents in width
and of enormous depth. The current is so great that one can hardly stem it ; the banks
are nothing but great rocks." The Morin copy agrees with Margpy^s. The Parliamentary
Library copy agrees with the text, except in order of words, reading thus : SaiUt qui, au
rapport des Sauvages, tombe, etc.
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82 L^QEKDES D£ LA CARTE.
23. Ganaisekiagouns.^ C'est d'icy que M'- Perray et sa compagnie ont
camp^ pour entrer dans le lac des Hurons — quand j'aurray
vu le passage, je le donneray, mais toujours dit-on que le chemin
est fort beau, et e'est icy que s'establiront les missionaires de St.
Sulpice.'
24. graude partie sesche par tout icy et tout le long de la R rapide.'
C'est k ce village qu'estoit autrefois Neutre.*
25. grande Chasse.* prairies seches.* Excellente terre.^ R Bapide ou
de Tinaatoua.^
26. C*est icy que nous avons hyvem6 en le plus beau lieu que j*aye veu
en Canada, pour Tabondance des arbres fruittiers, a ces raisins
qui sy grande qu*on en pourroit vivre en faisant provision —
grande chasse de serfs, Bisches, Ours, Schenontons, Chats*
Sauvages, et Castors.*
27. Petit lac d'eri^.^" 28. Presqulsle du Lac D'Eri6."
29. Lac D'eri6 — je ne'en marque que ce que j'en ay veu en attendant
que je voye le reste."
30. terres excellentes.'^ prairies."
31. C'est icy qu'estoit une pierre qu'avoit tr^ peu de figures d'hommes
que les Iroquois tenoient pour un grand Cap**®, et a qui ils
faisoient des sacrifices lorsqulls passoient par icy pour aller en
guerre. Nous lavons mis en pieces et jett^ k Teau."
32. Qrandes prairieai'' 33. grande chasse k ce petit ruisseau.^'
^ Omitted by Gravier. Faillon has ^ instead of t. The Parliamentary Library copy
reads Oanats^k^oune. In some later maps spelled Oandatseteiagon.
* The correct reading would probably be : C^est icy ... . camp4, or C'est d'icy ....
cUcamp^. Faillon*8 version is : CampeTnejU de Mr. Per rot. Id sdtahliront les Mission-
naires de St. Snlpice. Gravier's is the same with these variations : Mr. Perot, s'^tablirent,
and missiojiaires. The last reading would change the meaning to established themselves.
The Parliamentary Library copy has s'^tdbliront, but otherwise agrees with Gravier*s.
' Omitted in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies. The Margry copy
has JRiviire for B. Morin has seiche.
* The Margry copy reads: C'est ici qu'estoit autrefois la nation neutre; the Parlia-
mentary Library, Faillon and Morin copies: lei 4tait autrefois la nation neutre. (Here
was formerly the neuter nation. ) The 4 villages indicated in the printed map are shown
in the Parliamentary Library and Gravier, but not in the Margry, Parkman and Faillon
copies. Morin has a mark (two tepees) opposite the legend in the text.
* Omitted in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Margry copies.
* Omitted in Margry, Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies.
^ Plural in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies.
« The Margry copy has R. Rapidk ou de Tinatoue ; the Faillon and Parliamentary
Library copies, Rivih'e rapide ou de Tina Toua. Omitted in Gravier copy.
* a ces is probably cUices. (See line 21, page 52.) Morin has a et raisins qui est si
grande, etc. The Margry copy omits the last two words, et Conors. The legend in the
Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies is simply : C'est id que nous avons
hivern^. Gravier and Parliamentary Library copies have, in addition, a tepee or wigwam,
with flag on west side of westward bend of Grand Kiver, near its mouth.
^ ^ Gravier has a capital £ in Eri^ ; Faillon and Parliamentary Library have capital
letters throughout.
^ ^ Gravier and Faillon have dEri6, the former He, and the latter He. The east and
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LEGENDS OF THE MAP. 83
23. Ganatsekiagouna {Probably near BowmanviUe,) It was here that
Mr. Perray and his party camped (or it was from here that they
broke camp) to enter lake Huron — when I have seen the passage,
I shall give it ; however, it is said the road is very fine, and it is
here the missionaries of St Sulpice will establish themselves.*'
24 Great part dry everywhere here and all along the Rapid River. It
is at this village that was formerly Neutral (sic),
25. Great hunting ground (Burford Plains), Dry meadowa Excellent
land. Rapid or Tinaatoua River {Grand River)}"^
26. Here we wintered in the most beautiful place I have seen in
Canada, for the abundance of fruit trees, hackberries, grapes,
which is so great that one could live on them by making a store
of them — great hunting ground for stags, does, bears, red deer
{achenontona), racoons and beavers. {Near Port Dover.f^
27. Little lake Erie. {Long Point Bay,)
28. Peninsula of Lake Erie. {Long Point.)
29. Lake erie — I only mark what I have seen of it, whilst waiting to
see the rest.
30. Excellent lands, meadows. {The ridge at Long Point)
31. Here was a stone with very few figures of men, which the Iroquois
looked upon as a great chief, and to which they offered sacri-
fices when passing this way to go to war. We broke it up and
threw it into the water. {Below Detroit)
32. Great meadows (or prairies). {St Clair Flats.)
33. Great hunting at this little stream. {River Ashfield.)
west line passing through lake Erie and the peninsula is a mistake in printing. It does
not &PPf&r ui the Parkman or other copies.
* « The Margry copy has : " Lac D^ErUje ne marque que ce que fen ay veu en attendant
que je vote le reste, Farliamentar^r Library, Faillon and Morin copies have simply : Lac
j^Bii. Je ne marque que ce que fai vu. The legend in the Parkman copy seems to begin :
La^ Deridf etc.
* » Omitted in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies.
**The Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Morin copies read simply: let itait une
pierre Idole des Iroquois que nous avons mifse en pi^es et jettde d Veau. (Here was a stone,
an Idol of the Iroquois, which we broke up, and threw into the water.) The Parliamentary
Library copy, however, has jet4e.
** The Margry, Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies have also, on the
west side of the St. Clair River, lower part, the words : grande chasae. Morin has : grandes
chasseSf and (under grandea prairies) pesrheries. The Parliamentary Library copy reads :
Orande Prairies.
i« The Faillon and Morin copies have : ** Mr. Perot's camp. Here the Missionaries of
St. Sulpice established themselves.'* F^nelon was at this village in 1669 and spent the
winter there. It was perhaps near the town of Bowmanville. If Perray is the same
gerson as P^r^, this would indicate that the latter went to the Sault in 1669 by the Lake
imcoe portage route — the first European recorded to have done so. The Gravier copy
has a representation of a tepee or wigwam, with flag, on the lake Ontario shore, opposite
the legend.
^ ^ In Margry, the second name is given as Tinatouey and in Faillon as Tina Toua.
1 • The FaiUon and Gravier maps read simply : Here we wintered.
*• Omitted in Margry, Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies.
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84 LltoENDES D£ LA CARTE.
34. toutes ces cosies sont extrem^ pierreoses et ne laissent pas d'y avoir
des bestes.^- '
35. C'est dans cette Baye que estoit autrefois le pays de Hurons,
lorsqu'ils furent d6faits par les Iroquois, et oil les R R. P. P.
J^uites estoient fort bien establia
36. Je n'ay point vu cette ance oii estoit autrefois le pays des hurons,
mais je vois qu'elle est encore plus profonde que je ne la desseins,
et c'est icy apparamment qu'aboutit le chemin par oh Mr. Perray
a pass^.'
37. Kaitoutoun. grande chasse d'orignaux dans ces Isles.^
38. Michigane ou Mer Douce des Hurons. Ce lac est le plus grand de
tons ceux du pays.*
39. Baye des Puteotamites.^ H y a dix joum^es de chemin du Sault
oil sont les R R S. P. P. I. I. aux puteotamites. C'est k dire
environ 150 lieuea Je n'ay entr^ dans cette Baye que jusques
k ces lies que j'ay marques.*
40. Anipich.'
41. Fort des S. R R^^ P. P. J&uitea^° C'est ici qu'ils ont un fort Bel
Establissement, une belle maison, et de grands deserts sem^ de .
bled fran9ois et de bled d'inde, pois et autres graines.^' Sauteurs.
42. lac sup^rieur." 43. R de Tessalon."
44. Mississagu^."
45. Chasse d'orignaux dans ces Isles." 46. Amikoue."
47. Tembouchure de cette rivifere fort difficile k trouver, ce n^anmoins
la petite isle qui la pr6c^de est fort remarquable par la grande
quantity de ces isles de roche dont elle est compos^e, qui d^bou-
tent fort loin au large."
^ Omitted in Margry, Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies. Morin has
txtr^memerU,
' In the Parkman, Parliamentary library, Gravier and Morin copies a small island
(now CharUrey Island), cruciform in shape, appears near the shore opposite the north end
of this legend.
' The Margry copy has Hurons, Margry and Morin have instead of desseins, depeins,
and crois for vois. Morin has Perraye, The Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier
copies have simply: A use profonde oil 4tait Vancien pays des Hurons (Deep bay, where
the former country of the Hurons used to be).
* Omitted in Faillon copy.
* Omitted in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies.
* The Margry copy has both these lesends in capitals. The Parkman and Gravier
copies have an acute accent over the final e of Michigane. The Parliamentary Library,
Faillon and Gravier copies omit the second, and have the first in capitals.
' The Margry copy has: Bale des Pouteotamites and ISO lieues; also, below, /?. R,
P. P. JesuilteSf bate and ties,
* The Gravier copy has simply: Bate des Pout^otamiques ; and opposite the islands r
Je ne suis entr4 dans cette bate quejusqu^iL ces ties. The Faillon and ParUamentary Library
copies are the same with ne, que omitted. Morin has B, B, S, J, J.
^ Omitted In Gravier and Parliamentary Library copies. Margry has Anipich L So
also Morin.
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LEGENDS OF THE MAP. 85
34. all these coasts are extremely stony and do not allow of game.
35. In this bay was formerly the country of the Hurons, when they
were defeated by the Iroquois, and where the Rev. Jesuit
Fathers were very well established. (Matchedash Bay,)
36. I did not see this bay, where was formerly the country of the
Hurons, but I see that it is even deeper than I sketch it,
and here apparently the road over which Mr. Perray travelled
terminated.
87. Kaitoutoun. {Manitovlin Island.) great hunting ground for moose
in these Islands.
38. Michigan, or Freshwater Sea of the Hurons. This lake is the
largest of all those of the country. {Lake Huron.)
39. Bay of the Pottawattamies. It is ten days' journey from the Sault,
where the Rev. Jesuit Fathers are, to the Pottawattamies — that
is, about 150 leagues. I entered this Bay only as far as these
Islands, which I have marked {Mackinac Idanda).^^
40. Anipich. {Neebish.)
41. Fort of the Holy Rev. Jesuit Fathers. Here they have a very Fine
Establishment, a fine house, and large clearings sown with wheat
and Indian com, pease, and other grains. {Sault Ste. Marie,
Mich.) Sauteurs. {Ojihways.)
42. lake superior. 43. Thessalon River.
44. Mississaga.
45. Moose hunting ground in these islands.
46. Amikoue. {Spanish River.)
47. the mouth of this river very hard to find, and yet the little island
in front is very noticeable for the large number of those islands
of rock of which it is composed, which terminate a long way out.
*• The other copies all omit the D8. The Parliamentary Library, FaiUon and Gravier
copies also omit the S. In the Margry copy the legend is in capitals.
* * Omitted in Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier, copies.
* • Nos. 42, 43 and 44 are in capitals in the Margry copy ; also 42 in Parliamentary
Libra^ copy, which has in 43 /?«>" de Tessalon.
^ » The Gravier and Parliamentary Library copies have ilois.
*♦ In the Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies : Amik<md.
^ * The Margry copy reads : Vembouchure de cette Rivt^e est fort difficile d trouver
ce ndantmoins la pointe qui la pr^cide est fort remarquahle par la grajide quantitd (Tilets
de roche dont elle est compos^e qui d4houtent fort loin an large (The mouth of this River
is very hard to find ; notwithstanding this, the point in front is very noticeable from the
great number of rocky islets it is composed of, which end a long distance out). Morin
has cette R. and la petite quif etc. The Faillon, Parliamentary Library and Gravier copies
have simply : Uemhouchure de cette riviire est fort ohstru^e par des Uots (in Gravier les
Uots) (The mouth of this river is very much obstructed by islets). The Margry copy has
also the words trainage portage in three additional places on the south bank of French
River, t.e., at the point, just below No. 60 and midway between 48 and 60.
* « The FaiUon and Gravier copies have simply : Bay of the Potawatomies, and opposite
the islands : / e^ered this bay oa far as these islands.
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86 L^ENDES D£ LA CARTE.
48. trainage.^ portaga* 49. Rivifere des Fran9oiB.» Sault^
50. portage 600 pas.* C'est dans cette Ance que les Nipissiriniens
placent pour Tordinaire leur village.^
51. Lac des Nipissiriniens ou des sorciers.*
52. portage de 1400 pas/
53. Rivifere des Vases.® portage de 20 paa* portage 1000 pas. portage
de 1900 pas.^^ portage 500 pas. portage 600 pas. portage de
700 pas.
64. portage de 200 pas. portage de 300 pas. portage de 100 pas.
(3 in succession.)
65. on entre icy dans la Grande Rivifere.^ 56. Mataouan."
67. portage 700 pas." portage 1400 pas.^' Rapides de plus de 2 lieues
de long nomm6s les galopa** portage 200 pas.**^ grandes rapidea"
58. on dit que cette branche de la grande Riviere va aux trois
Riviferes.^^
59. Rivifere Creuse."
60. trfes-grande chasse d'orignaux autour de ce petit lac^
61. portage apell^ des alumettes 200 pas.^*
62. C'estoit icy ou estoit le fameux Borgne de Tisle dans les Relations
des R. R P. P. Jesuites.**
63. Le grand portage du Sault des Calumets est de ce cost^ — pour
r^viter nous prismes de Tautre cost^.*^
' 64. II faut faire 5 portages de ce cost^ icy d'environ 100 pas chacun."
65. portage 50 pas."
66. portage du Sault de la chaudiere 300 pas."
67. Ces 2 Rivieres en tombant dans la grande font 2 belles nappes.^' **
* Omitted in Parliamenta^ Library, Faillon and Gravier copies.
* Faillon, Parliamentary Library and Morin copies show five portages between Lake
Nipissing and the mouth of French River.
' In capitals in Margry copy. The Parliamentary Library copy has Fran^ais.
* In Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies Saut.
* In Margry copy: Portage de 60S; Faillon, P. 600 pas; Morin, Portage de
600 pea; Gravier and Farliam0ntary Library copies, Portage de 600 pas.
* The first three words are in capitals in the Margry copy. The Parliamentary Library
copy has Sorciers.
'' In Gravier and Parliamentary Library copies, simply : Portage ; in Faillon copy, P.
1400 pas. The Gravier copy shows 10 instead of 12 portages to the Ottawa River, and no
measurements. So the Parliamentary Library copy. The Faillon copy abbreviates in 53
and 54 thus: P. 1000 p.
* In Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Morin copies, JRiv. des Vases.
* All other copies except Morin's have only the first word.
*® This would appear to be an error in copying for 1500, which appears to be the Park-
man and Morin as well as the Parliamentary Library and Faillon reading.
^ * In capitals in Faillon copy. The legend is inverted in the Morin copy.
* * In Faillon and Gravier copies, P. 700 p. In Parliamentary Library copy, P. 700
pas. Between 55 and 57 Morin shows four small islands in a line, and on the north bank a
continuous elevation.
* ■ In Gravier copy, Portage de 400 pas. In Parliamentary Library copy, Portage de
1400 pas.
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LEGENDS OF THE MAP. 87
48. trailing (i,e. towing the canoes), portage.
49. French River. Falls (or Rapids).
50. Portage 600 pace& In this Bay the Nipissings usually place their
village.
51. Lake of the Nipissings, or sorcerers. 52. portage of 1400 pacea
53. River des Vases (Bog River), portage of 20 paces, portage of 1000
pacea portage of 1900 pacea portage of 500 pacea portage
of 600 pacea portage of 700 pacea
54. portage of 200 pacea portage of 300 paces, portage of 100 paces
(3 in succession.)
55. Here you enter the Grand River (or Great River, the Ottawa).
56. Matawa.
57. portage 700 pacea portage 1400 pacea Rapids more than 2
leagues in length called the galops, portage 200 paces, great
rapida
58. This branch of the grand River is said to go to three Rivers.
59. Rivifere Creuse. (Deep River.)
60. plenty of moose- hunting round this little lake.
61. portage called des alumettes 200 paces.
62. Here used to be the famous Borgne de Tisle (the One-eyed rnan
of the island) in the Relations of the Reverend Jesuit Fathers.
{AUv/mette Island.)
63. The grand portage of the Calumet Rapids is on this side — to avoid
it we took that of the other side.
64. 5 portages must be made on this side, each of about 100 paces.
65. portage 50 pacea
66. portage of the Chaudiere Falls, 300 paces.
67. These 2 Rivers falling into the grand make 2 fine sheets (Rideau
Falls).
^ * The Faillon and Gravier copies read : Rapides de 2 lietus dits lea Galops (2 leases
of Rapids called the Galops) ; the Parliamentary Library copy : Rapides de jfius de 2 Iteues
dit Us Galops.
* * In Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies, P. £00 p.
** In Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies, Granda rapides.
* ^ In Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Margry copies. On dit que cette branche va aux
trois rivi&reSf except that the Parliamentary Library copy reads Trots.
*• Omitted in Gravier copy. In Faillon copy, Riv. creuse. In Parliamentary Library
copy, ^tV* Creuse.
*»No8. 61, 64 and 65 are omitted in Margry, Parliamentary Library, Faillon and
Gravier copies. In 61 Morin has apptU and atumaies, in 64 chaqu^un^ and in 65 passage
60 pas.
*• Last word omitted in Margry. The Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier
copies read simply : /<•» ^tait le Jameux Borgne de Vtle (Here was the famous Borgne de
risle). Morin has /?. R. 8. S. J.
' ^ In Faillon copy, le grand Portage Saut des Calumets ; in Morin and Parliamentary
Library copies, Le Grand Portage Saut du Calumet, simply.
«^ Margry copy has Chaudi^e; Faillon copy has P. du Saut, etc. ; and Parliamentary
Library and Morin copies, Portnae du Saut, etc.
«» Margry copy has, instead of 2, deux fort. Morin has Les 2 i?., etc.
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8 L^OENDES DE LA CARTE.
68. C'estoit icy qu'estoit autrefois la petite nation Algonquina^
69. Long Sault.' sault en nappe.
70. lac des 2 montagnes.'
71. Lac Ontario — j'ai pass^ du cot6 du sud que je donne assez
exactement.^
^ The Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Gravier copies read simply : lei itaient Us
Algonquiru (Here were the Alfonkins).
' Faillon, Parliamentary Library and Oravier copies have Saut instead of Sault in each
instance.
* In Faillon and Parliamentary Library copies, Lcte des S MorUagnes.
* This legend appears on the Parliamentary Library, Faillon and Oravier copies, but
not on the Parkman. The Margry reading is as follows : Lac Ontario— fcU pass^ du eosU
du sud fffie j€ dorme id assez exactement : pour la cosU du nord, je U dessineray avee
exactitude quand je Vauray tnc, je lui donne la largeur qu*on dit qu*il a qui est de trente
lieues au jdus large {" Lake Ontario — I passed on the south side, which I give here pretty
accurately ; as to the north side, I will map it accurately when I have seen it. I give it
the width it is said to have, which is thirty leagues at the widest "). Morin agrees with
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LEGENDS OF THE HAP. 89-
68. Here formerly was the little Algonquin tribe (or the Algonkin
petite nation),
69. Long Sault. waterfall
70. lake of the 2 mountains.
71. Lake Ontario — I passed on the south side, which I give pretty
accurately.
Margry's reading except that he has : icy, It cosU du nort, dengneray avec exactitudes,
quand je Lauray veu, Je luy, SO lieues, etc.
On the weet side of the mouths of rivers on the north shore the other copies contain
the following additional lesends : Moira River, all copies but two : R, du Barbu (Catfish
River) ; Patliamentary Library and Gravier, Riviere Barbu ; River Trent (west side) :
Margry and Morin, tenarcUi; rarliamentarv Library and Faillon, TanarcUi ; next river to
the west : Faillon and Margry, Oaneraake ; Parliamentary Library, OanSsaskd, In Margry
the last-mentioned is reversed, i.e., written with map facing the north, and with tli^ee
tepees or wigwams between it and the shore. Faillon has iJl the letters of these three
legends in capitals. Li Morin, just south of the little lake indicated by the dotted circle
(now Weller*8 Bay), is the name Kentd, with grande peache to the west and a representa-
tion of two tepeea on the opposite side of the little lake. The Parliamentary Library
copy shows the little lake, but the outline is continuous, not dotted. The names Moira
and Trent are, of course, not found on the maps, but are modem equivalents.
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[^ *
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PX 002 HMT 350
PLEASE RETURN TO
ALDERMAN LIBRARY
DUE
4n ^"f
DUE
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PX 002 HMT 350
PLEASE RETURN TO
ALDERMAN LIBRARY
DUE
4n w
DUE
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PX 002 HMT 350
PLEASE RETURN TO
ALDERMAN LIBRARY
DUE
4n w
DUE
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PX 002 HMT 350
PLEASE RETURN TO
ALDERMAN LIBRARY
DUE
^n^'f
DUE
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